CN117145479A - Combined mining method for open pit end slope coal - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a combined mining method for open-pit mine end slope coal, which comprises the following steps: arranging an access roadway at the pit bottom of the strip mine, discharging earth normally above the access roadway, and prolonging the length of the access roadway along with the promotion of a dumping site of the strip mine; arranging a through roadway in the end slope of the strip mine, wherein the through roadway is communicated with the access roadway, and the through roadway penetrates through the end slope; arranging a boundary main roadway at the outer edge of the strip mine, and communicating the boundary main roadway with the through roadway; and (3) mining end side coals in the boundary main lane, and conveying the mined end side coals out of the boundary main lane sequentially through the through lane and the access lane. Along with the normal advancement of the strip mine, the dumping site covers the entry and exit roadway, and only the entry and exit of the entry and exit roadway is exposed at the pit bottom. The through roadway connects the entry roadway and the boundary main roadway, and the boundary main roadway is arranged at the outer edge of the strip mine, so that disturbance to the end side is avoided, the strength of the end side is not influenced, and the influence of the mining end side on the normal mining of the strip mine is avoided.

Description

Combined mining method for open pit end slope coal

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a combined mining method for open-pit mine end slope coal pressing.

Background

At present, the open pit coal mining mainly adopts an inverted trapezoid layered stripping mode, so that a large amount of coal is pressed by the end walls, and the mining rate of the mine is affected. In the prior art, end-side coal is mined in a open-pit combined mining mode, namely, an underground mining system is arranged at the end side of an open pit mine, so that the recovery of the end-side coal is realized. However, when the well mining system is arranged on the end slope, disturbance is formed on the opposite end slope, the originally designed end slope stabilizing slope angle can not be safe any more, the end slope needs to be reduced, and a large amount of coal is pressed on the end slope. Moreover, the well tunnel inside the end slope influences the bearing capacity of the end slope road to a certain extent, and the existing strip mine transportation system is adversely affected. Therefore, a strip mine end side pressure coal pursuing type open-pit combined production arrangement mode is needed, and interference to the existing strip mine production system is avoided while the advantages of open-pit combined production are exerted.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a combined mining method for open-pit end slope coal, which aims to solve the problem that open-pit mining is disturbed by end slope mining in the prior art.

In order to solve the problems, the application provides a combined mining method for open-pit mine end slope coal, which comprises the following steps: arranging an access roadway at the pit bottom of the strip mine, discharging earth normally above the access roadway, and prolonging the length of the access roadway along with the promotion of a dumping site of the strip mine; arranging a through roadway in the end slope of the strip mine, wherein the through roadway is communicated with the access roadway, and the through roadway penetrates through the end slope; arranging a boundary main roadway at the outer edge of the strip mine, and communicating the boundary main roadway with the through roadway; and (3) mining end side coals in the boundary main lane, and conveying the mined end side coals out of the boundary main lane sequentially through the through lane and the access lane.

Further, the junction of the entry and exit roadway edge and the pit bottom is provided, and the side surface of one end of the entry and exit roadway, which is close to the dumping site, is provided with a communication port which is communicated with the through roadway.

Further, a plurality of through lanes are arranged between the boundary main lane and the access lane side by side, and when the access lane and the boundary main lane extend 1/4-1/3 of the annual advancing length of the strip mine, a new through lane is arranged.

Further, when the exploitation quantity of the end side coal is smaller than a preset value, a narrow body vehicle is adopted to enter a boundary main roadway and the exploited end side coal is conveyed out; when the mining quantity of the end side coal is larger than or equal to a preset value, a tape machine is arranged in the boundary main lane to transport the end side coal.

Further, the mining is advanced from the boundary roadway to the end slope, a coal retaining column is reserved in the mining process of the mining area, and the end slope is supported by the coal retaining column after the mining area is mined.

Further, the stripper produced by mining in the next mining area is transported to the previous mining area for backfilling to support the highwall by the stripper.

Further, the ratio of the width of the mining area to the width of the coal-retaining column is 5:1 to 3:1.

Further, the combined mining method of the open-pit mine end slope coal comprises the following steps: when the tunneling length of the boundary roadway reaches the pushing length of 1-1.5 years, a stage vertical shaft is arranged and communicated with the boundary roadway.

Further, a lifting device is arranged in the stage vertical shaft, and end side coal mined in the boundary main roadway is transported out of the stage vertical shaft; the stage shaft is also used for ventilation, water supply and power supply of the access lane, the boundary main lane and the through lane.

Further, the positions of the access lane, the boundary main lane and the through lane are lower than the bottom of the stage vertical shaft, one end of the access lane close to the dumping site, the boundary main lane and the through lane are higher than one end of the access lane far away from the dumping site, and water in the access lane, the boundary main lane, the through lane and the stage vertical shaft is discharged from one end of the access lane far away from the dumping site.

By applying the technical scheme of the application, the combined mining method for the open-pit mine end slope coal is provided, and comprises the following steps: arranging an access roadway at the pit bottom of the strip mine, discharging earth normally above the access roadway, and prolonging the length of the access roadway along with the promotion of a dumping site of the strip mine; arranging a through roadway in the end slope of the strip mine, wherein the through roadway is communicated with the access roadway, and the through roadway penetrates through the end slope; arranging a boundary main roadway at the outer edge of the strip mine, and communicating the boundary main roadway with the through roadway; and (3) mining end side coals in the boundary main lane, and conveying the mined end side coals out of the boundary main lane sequentially through the through lane and the access lane. By adopting the scheme, the entry and exit roadway is arranged at the pit bottom of the strip mine, and along with the normal propulsion of the strip mine, the earth dumping site covers the entry and exit roadway, and only the entry and exit of the entry and exit roadway is left exposed at the pit bottom. The through roadway connects the access roadway with the boundary main roadway, and personnel can enter the boundary main roadway from the access roadway through the through roadway, so that mining work is performed. Coal mined by personnel in the boundary main roadway can enter the access roadway through the through roadway and then be transported out. The boundary main roadway is arranged at the outer edge of the strip mine, so that disturbance to the end slope is avoided, the strength of the end slope is not influenced, and the influence of the mining end slope on normal mining of the strip mine is avoided.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a combined mining method of open pit end slope coal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of the strip mine of fig. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the strip mine of FIG. 1 after a period of mining;

fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the strip backfill of the strip mine in fig. 1.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

1. pit bottoms; 2. a dump; 3. an end wall; 4. entry and exit lane; 5. a through roadway; 6. boundary major lane; 7. a stage vertical shaft; 8. mining the area; 9. and (5) reserving a coal pillar.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for combined mining of open pit end side coal, including: an entry and exit lane 4 is arranged at the pit bottom 1 of the strip mine, earth is discharged normally above the entry and exit lane 4, and the length of the entry and exit lane 4 is prolonged along with the pushing of the earth discharge field 2 of the strip mine; a through roadway 5 is arranged in the end slope 3 of the strip mine, the through roadway 5 is communicated with the access roadway 4, and the through roadway 5 passes through the end slope 3; arranging a boundary main roadway 6 at the outer edge of the strip mine, and communicating the boundary main roadway 6 with the through roadway 5; and mining end side coal in the boundary main lane 6, and conveying the mined end side coal out of the boundary main lane 6 sequentially through the through lane 5 and the access lane 4.

By adopting the scheme, the entry and exit lane 4 is arranged at the pit bottom 1 of the strip mine, and along with the normal propulsion of the strip mine, the earth dumping site 2 covers the entry and exit lane 4, and only the entrance and exit of the entry and exit lane 4 is exposed at the pit bottom 1. The through roadway 5 connects the entry roadway and the boundary large roadway 6, and personnel can enter the boundary large roadway 6 from the entry roadway 4 through the through roadway 5, so that mining work can be performed. Coal mined by persons in the large boundary roadway 6 can enter the entry roadway 4 through the through roadway 5 and then be carried out. The boundary roadway 6 is arranged on the outer edge of the strip mine, so that disturbance to the end slope 3 is avoided, the strength of the end slope 3 is not influenced, and the influence of the mining end slope 3 on normal mining of the strip mine is avoided.

As shown in fig. 2, the entry and exit lane 4 is arranged along the junction of the end wall 3 and the pit bottom 1, and the side surface of one end of the entry and exit lane 4, which is close to the dumping site 2, is provided with a communication port, and the communication port is communicated with the through lane 5.

So set up, entry and exit lane 4 sets up in the juncture of end group 3 and pit bottom 1, advances along with the earth-moving field 2 and covers entry and exit lane 4. The arrangement of the entry and exit lane 4 does not cause disturbance to the end wall 3. The access lane 4 is communicated with the through lane 5, the through lane 5 connects the access lane 4 with the boundary main lane 6, the through lane 5 transversely penetrates through the end side 3, and the influence on the end side 3 is small.

As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of through-roadways 5 are provided, the plurality of through-roadways 5 are distributed between the boundary main roadway 6 and the entry roadway 4 side by side, and when the entry roadway 4 and the boundary main roadway 6 extend 1/4-1/3 of the annual advancing length of the strip mine, a new through-roadway 5 is arranged.

In this way, a plurality of through roadways 5 are distributed between the boundary main roadway 6 and the access roadway 4 side by side, and when the advancing length of the strip mine reaches 1/4-1/3 of the annual advancing length, a new through roadway 5 is arranged, so that the outlets of the new through roadway 5 and the access roadway 4 are close, and the time for transporting the extracted coal is saved.

Further, when the exploitation quantity of the end side coal is smaller than a preset value, a narrow body vehicle is adopted to enter the boundary main roadway 6 and the exploited end side coal is conveyed out; when the mining quantity of the end side coal is larger than or equal to a preset value, a sealing tape machine is arranged in the boundary main lane 6 to transport the end side coal.

When the mining amount of the end side coal is smaller than the preset value, the narrow body vehicle is adopted to enter the boundary main roadway 6 and the mined end side coal is conveyed out, so that the mining speed is high, and resources are saved. When the mining amount of the end side coal is larger than or equal to a preset value, a belt conveyor is arranged in the boundary main lane 6, and the belt conveyor is used for conveying the coal, so that the coal mining machine is more convenient and labor is saved. In one embodiment of the application, the entry lane 4, the through lane 5 and the boundary roadway 6 are formed by adopting prefabricated pipes with the diameter of about 5 meters or adopting concrete pouring.

As shown in fig. 4, the mining is advanced from the boundary roadway 6 to the end slope 3, a coal retaining pillar 9 is reserved in the mining process of the mining area 8, and the coal retaining pillar 9 supports the end slope 3 after the mining area 8 is mined.

So arranged, the side of the boundary roadway 6 facing the strip mine can be used for allowing personnel and machines to pass through, and the end slope 3 is mined. A coal retaining column 9 is reserved between the two mining areas 8, so that the coal retaining column 9 supports the end wall 3, and collapse of the end wall 3 is avoided.

As shown in fig. 4, the mine stripper produced by the coal mining in the next mining area 8 is transported to the previous mining area 8 for backfilling to support the highwall 3 by the stripper.

By means of the arrangement, the stripped objects generated by coal mining in the next mining area 8 are transported to the previous mining area 8 for backfilling, the possibility of collapse of the end slope 3 can be reduced, the end slope 3 is supported by the stripped objects, waste is utilized, and resources are saved.

Further, the ratio of the width of the mining area 8 to the width of the coal pillar 9 is 5:1 to 3:1.

By the arrangement, the ratio of the width of the mining area 8 to the width of the coal remaining column 9 is 5:1-3:1, and in the range of the ratio, the mining degree of coal can be enabled to be larger, the safety of the end slope 3 is ensured to be more possible, and the possibility of collapse is reduced.

As shown in fig. 3, the method for combined mining of the open-pit end group coal mining further comprises the following steps: when the tunneling length of the boundary roadway 6 reaches the pushing length of 1 year to 1.5 years, a stage vertical shaft 7 is arranged, and the stage vertical shaft 7 is communicated with the boundary roadway 6.

So configured, when the tunneling length of the large boundary roadway 6 reaches the pushing length of 1 year to 1.5 years, the stage shaft 7 is provided, and the stage shaft 7 can serve the large boundary roadway 6, the through roadway 5 and the entry and exit roadway 4 within the mining range.

Further, a lifting device is arranged in the stage vertical shaft 7, and end side coal mined in the boundary main lane 6 is transported out of the stage vertical shaft 7; the phase shaft 7 is also used for ventilating, supplying water and supplying power to the access lane 4, the boundary main lane 6 and the through lane 5.

By the arrangement, the mined coal can be transported out from the entry and exit lane 4 or the stage vertical shaft 7, and the efficiency of coal transportation is improved. And the stage vertical shaft 7 is also used for ventilating, supplying water and supplying power to the entry and exit lane 4, the boundary main lane 6 and the through lane 5, so that the safety of underground personnel is ensured, and the working efficiency is improved.

In one embodiment of the application, the positions of the entry way 4, the big boundary way 6 and the through way 5 are lower than the bottom of the stage shaft 7, one end of the entry way 4 close to the dumping site 2, the big boundary way 6 and the through way 5 are higher than one end of the entry way 4 far away from the dumping site 2, and water in the entry way 4, the big boundary way 6, the through way 5 and the stage shaft 7 is discharged from one end of the entry way 4 far away from the dumping site 2.

The arrangement is favorable for drainage, and water in the entry and exit lane 4, the boundary main lane 6, the through lane 5 and the stage vertical shaft 7 is discharged from one end of the entry and exit lane 4, which is far away from the dumping site 2, so that the threat of water aggregation to personnel is avoided, and the environmental sanitation and safety in the entry and exit lane 4, the boundary main lane 6, the through lane 5 and the stage vertical shaft 7 are maintained.

In one embodiment of the application, the angle between the line of the bottom wall of the phase shaft 7 and the end of the entry and exit roadway 4 remote from the dump site 2 and the horizontal plane is 2 to 5, preferably 3, which is more advantageous for drainage.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The method for combined mining of the open pit end slope coal is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

an entry and exit roadway (4) is arranged at the pit bottom (1) of the strip mine, earth is normally discharged above the entry and exit roadway (4), and the length of the entry and exit roadway (4) is prolonged along with the pushing of an earth discharge field (2) of the strip mine;

a through roadway (5) is arranged in an end slope (3) of the strip mine, the through roadway (5) is communicated with the access roadway (4), and the through roadway (5) penetrates through the end slope (3);

arranging a boundary main roadway (6) at the outer edge of the strip mine, and communicating the boundary main roadway (6) with the through roadway (5);

and mining end-side coal in the boundary main lane (6), and conveying the mined end-side coal out of the boundary main lane (6) sequentially through the through lane (5) and the access lane (4).

2. The strip mine end slope coal mining combined method according to claim 1, wherein the entry and exit roadway (4) is arranged along the junction of the end slope (3) and the pit bottom (1), a communication port is formed in the side face of one end, close to the dumping site (2), of the entry and exit roadway (4), and the communication port is communicated with the through roadway (5).

3. The strip mine end slope coal combined mining method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of through roadways (5) are arranged, the plurality of through roadways (5) are distributed between the boundary main roadway (6) and the access roadway (4) side by side, and when the access roadway (4) and the boundary main roadway (6) extend 1/4-1/3 of the annual advancing length of the strip mine, a new through roadway (5) is arranged.

4. The strip mine end slope coal combined mining method according to claim 1, wherein when the mining amount of the end slope coal is smaller than a preset value, a narrow body vehicle is adopted to enter the boundary main roadway (6) and the mined end slope coal is carried out; when the mining quantity of the end side coal is larger than or equal to a preset value, a belt conveyor is arranged in the boundary main lane (6) to transport the end side coal.

5. The strip mine end slope coal co-production method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mining is advanced from the boundary roadway (6) towards the end slope (3), a coal retaining pillar (9) is reserved in the mining process of a mining area (8), and after the mining area (8) is mined, the coal retaining pillar (9) supports the end slope (3).

6. The strip mine end slope coal co-production method according to claim 5, characterized in that the strip produced by the coal mining in the next mining area (8) is transported to the previous mining area (8) for backfilling to support the end slope (3) by the strip.

7. The strip mine end slope coal co-production method according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the width of the mining area (8) to the width of the coal retaining pillar (9) is 5:1-3:1.

8. The strip mine end slope coal co-production method of claim 1, further comprising:

when the tunneling length of the boundary main roadway (6) reaches the pushing length of 1 year to 1.5 years, a stage vertical shaft (7) is arranged, and the stage vertical shaft (7) is communicated with the boundary main roadway (6).

9. The strip mine end slope coal combined mining method according to claim 8, wherein a lifting device is arranged in the stage vertical shaft (7), and end slope coal mined in the boundary main roadway (6) is transported out of the stage vertical shaft (7); the stage shaft (7) is also used for ventilating, supplying water and supplying power to the access lane (4), the boundary main lane (6) and the through lane (5).

10. The strip mine end slope coal combined mining method according to claim 8, wherein the positions of the entry and exit lane (4), the boundary main lane (6) and the through lane (5) are lower than the bottom of the stage shaft (7), the entry and exit lane (4) is close to one end of the earth discharge field (2), the boundary main lane (6) and the through lane (5) are higher than one end of the entry and exit lane (4) away from the earth discharge field (2), and water in the entry and exit lane (4), the boundary main lane (6), the through lane (5) and the stage shaft (7) is discharged from one end of the entry and exit lane (4) away from the earth discharge field (2).