CN117134729B - High-power synthesizer, synthesizing method and design method - Google Patents
High-power synthesizer, synthesizing method and design method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-power synthesizer, a synthesizing method and a design method, wherein the high-power synthesizer comprises a transmission line transformer T1, a transmission line transformer T2, a transmission line transformer T3 and a transmission line transformer T4, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T1 is connected with an input port P1, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T2 is connected with an input port P2, and the input port P1 and the input port P2 are used for being connected with a radio-frequency power amplifier. The high-power synthesizer and the synthesizing method provided by the invention can ensure that two paths of radio frequency signals can not interfere with each other before synthesis when the two paths of radio frequency signals are synthesized, and simultaneously ensure that magnetic fluxes generated in the magnetic cores by the radio frequency signals are balanced when the radio frequency signals pass through the transmission line transformer, so that adverse effects caused by the magnetic cores entering a saturated state are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-power synthesizer, a synthesizing method and a design method.
Background
In order for the device to generate a stronger radiation signal when testing for electromagnetic compatibility projects, the power amplifier in the device needs to be modified to increase its output power. However, the existing power amplifier has the problem of insufficient output power, and cannot meet the power requirement of electromagnetic compatibility test. This directly results in the test equipment not generating a radiation signal of sufficient intensity to be able to perform electromagnetic compatibility tests effectively. In order to solve the problem of insufficient output power of the power amplifier, a high-power synthesizer needs to be developed, and larger power is obtained by synthesizing the output of the power amplifier. In this context, the development of high power synthesizers is becoming particularly critical and urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a high-power synthesizer, a synthesizing method and a design method so as to solve the technical problems.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
the high-power synthesizer comprises a transmission line transformer T1, a transmission line transformer T2, a transmission line transformer T3 and a transmission line transformer T4, wherein a 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T1 is connected with an input port P1, a 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T2 is connected with an input port P2, and the input port P1 and the input port P2 are used for being connected with a radio-frequency power amplifier so that radio-frequency signals of the radio-frequency power amplifier can pass through the corresponding transmission line transformer through the input port P1 and the input port P2;
the input port P1, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T1 and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1 form a radio frequency signal path;
the input port P2, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T2 and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T2 form another radio frequency signal path;
an isolation resistor R1 is arranged between the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T1 and the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T2, and an isolation resistor R2 is arranged between the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T1 and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T2;
a junction for synthesizing radio frequency signals respectively passing through the two paths is arranged between the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1 and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T2;
the transmission line transformer T3 and the transmission line transformer T4 are connected to the junction and are used for carrying out impedance matching on the synthesized radio frequency signals;
the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T4 is connected to an output port P3 for connecting with a back-stage system, so that the radio frequency signal subjected to impedance matching is output to the back-stage system.
Preferably, the 1 st port and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1 are located at one side, and the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T1 are located at the other side.
Preferably, the 3 rd and 4 th ports of the transmission line transformer T1 are distributed adjacent to the 3 rd and 4 th ports of the transmission line transformer T2.
Preferably, the distribution position of the ports of the transmission line transformer T3 is the same as the distribution position of the ports of the transmission line transformer T1, and the distribution position of the ports of the transmission line transformer T4 is the same as the distribution position of the ports of the transmission line transformer T2.
Preferably, a balance line is connected between the input port P1 and the input port P2.
Preferably, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T3 and the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T4 are both connected to the junction of the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2, the 2 nd port and the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T3 are both connected to the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T4, and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T3 and the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T4 are both grounded.
A synthesis method of a high-power synthesizer comprises the following steps:
step a) Signal input and isolation
The method comprises the steps that radio frequency signals are respectively input to a corresponding transmission line transformer T1 and a corresponding transmission line transformer T2 through an input port P1 and an input port P2, and a first path of radio frequency signals entering the transmission line transformer T1 and a second path of radio frequency signals entering the transmission line transformer T2 are obtained;
isolation between the first path of radio frequency signals and the second path of radio frequency signals is realized through an isolation resistor R1 and an isolation resistor R2 which are positioned between the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2;
step b) Signal flow and Synthesis
The first path of radio frequency signals sequentially pass through a 1 st port and a 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1;
the second path of radio frequency signals sequentially pass through a 1 st port and a 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T2;
when the first path of radio frequency signals and the second path of radio frequency signals enter the corresponding transmission line transformers, the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the corresponding transmission line transformers generate reverse currents;
after the two paths of radio frequency signals respectively pass through the 2 nd port of the corresponding transmission line transformer, synthesizing is carried out at the junction of the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2 to obtain synthesized high-power signals;
step c) impedance matching and signal output
The synthesized high-power signal passes through the transmission line transformer T3 and the transmission line transformer T4 to complete impedance matching, so that the impedance of the synthesized high-power signal meets the impedance required by a later-stage system;
the synthesized high-power signal which accords with the impedance is output from the output port P3 to a rear-stage system.
Preferably, in step a), the balanced line connected between the input port P1 and the input port P2 adjusts the amplitude and phase response of the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal entering the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2.
A balance line design method of a high-power synthesizer comprises the following steps:
step 1: setting the frequency range of synthesizer, analyzing the frequency response of input port P1 and input port P2, and determining the balanced line length of input port P1 or input port P2 according to the analysis result
The step 1 specifically includes:
step 1.1: acquiring amplitude response and phase response of the input port P1 and the input port P2 under different frequencies in a set frequency range of the synthesizer;
step 1.2: calculating the difference value of the electric length to be introduced according to the difference between the amplitude response and the phase response;
step 1.3: converting the electrical length difference into a physical length of the balance line;
step 1.4: simulation optimization and actual test adjustment, and determining the length of a final balance line;
step 2: the amplitude and the phase of the input port P1 or the input port P2 are compensated and regulated by the balance line, so that the amplitude and the phase of the input port P1 and the input port P2 in the full frequency band are balanced.
Preferably, the physical length of the balance line = (electrical length difference/360) ×speed of light) ×speed factor/frequency.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the high-power synthesizer and the synthesizing method provided by the invention can ensure that two paths of signals can not interfere with each other before synthesis when synthesizing the two paths of radio frequency signals, thereby reserving the complete energy of the two paths of signals to the maximum extent; meanwhile, when radio frequency signals pass through the transmission line transformer, the balance of magnetic fluxes generated in the magnetic cores can be ensured, and adverse effects caused by the fact that the magnetic cores enter a saturated state are avoided.
In the method for calculating the physical length according to the electric length difference, a proper balance line can be designed according to the frequency response difference of the input port P1 and the input port P2, so that the frequency responses of the two ports are balanced in the whole frequency band, which is important for improving the performance of the power synthesizer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 10kHz-150MHz two-way high-power combiner designed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 10kHz-150MHz two-way high power combiner topology according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more clear and obvious to those skilled in the art, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the high-power combiner provided in this embodiment includes a transmission line transformer T1, a transmission line transformer T2, a transmission line transformer T3, and a transmission line transformer T4 (which are sequentially connected, as shown in fig. 1), where the transmission line transformers all have 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, and 4 th ports;
the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T1 is connected to the input port P1, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T2 is connected to the input port P2, the input port P1 and the input port P2 are used for being connected with the radio frequency power amplifier, so that radio frequency signals of the radio frequency power amplifier can pass through the corresponding transmission line transformer through the input port P1 and the input port P2, and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T4 is connected to the output port P3 used for being connected with a subsequent system;
the input port P1, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T1 and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1 form a radio frequency signal path;
the input port P2, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T2 and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T2 form another radio frequency signal path;
a junction is arranged between the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1 and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T2, and two radio frequency signals respectively passing through the paths are synthesized at the junction (point A);
the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T1 is connected to the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T2 through the isolation resistor R1, and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T1 is connected to the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T2 through the isolation resistor R2, so that when a signal inputted from the input port P1 flows through the transmission line transformer T1, the signal inputted from the input port P2 can be isolated from the signal of the input port P2 of the transmission line transformer T2 through the isolation resistor R1 and the isolation resistor R2, and the signal inputted from the input port P2 is the same.
In this embodiment, the 1 st port and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1 are located at one side, and the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T1 are located at opposite sides of the 1 st port and the 2 nd port;
the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T1 are adjacently distributed with the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T2;
the junction between the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1 and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T2 is respectively connected with the transmission line transformer T3 and the transmission line transformer T4, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T3 and the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T4 are both connected with the junction of the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2, the 2 nd port and the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T3 are both connected with the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T4, the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T3 and the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T4 are both grounded, so that the synthesized signals can be impedance matched through the T3 and the transmission line transformer T4, the total impedance of the two radio frequency signals can be not matched with the impedance of a later-stage system when being synthesized at the point A, the impedance can lead to power loss and signal reflection, so as to reduce the system efficiency.
In this embodiment, the port distribution position of the transmission line transformer T3 is the same as the port distribution position of the transmission line transformer T1, the port distribution position of the transmission line transformer T4 is the same as the port distribution position of the transmission line transformer T2, and the uniform port distribution ensures that the distribution and propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic field in each transformer are kept uniform, thereby avoiding possible signal reflection and interference, ensuring the stability of the synthesizer, and in addition, ensuring that the electrical characteristics of the two signal paths are similar, ensuring the consistency of the amplitude and phase between the ports, reducing unnecessary signal loss and reflection, and maximally improving the synthesis efficiency.
In this embodiment, a balance line is connected between the input port P1 and the input port P2, and is used for adjusting amplitude and phase response of the first path and the second path of radio frequency signals entering the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2.
A synthesis method of a high-power synthesizer comprises the following steps:
step a) Signal input and isolation
The method comprises the steps that radio frequency signals are respectively input to a corresponding transmission line transformer T1 and a corresponding transmission line transformer T2 through an input port P1 and an input port P2, and a first path of radio frequency signals entering the transmission line transformer T1 and a second path of radio frequency signals entering the transmission line transformer T2 are obtained;
the input port P1 and the input port P2 are respectively connected with a radio frequency power amplifier, so that radio frequency signals generated by the radio frequency power amplifier can sequentially pass through a 1 st port and a 2 nd port of a corresponding transmission line transformer, and a first path of radio frequency signals and a second path of radio frequency signals are obtained;
isolation between the first path of radio frequency signals and the second path of radio frequency signals is realized through an isolation resistor R1 and an isolation resistor R2 which are positioned between the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2;
the first path of radio frequency signals are isolated from the second path of radio frequency signals of the transmission line transformer T2 when passing through the transmission line transformer T1, and the second path of radio frequency signals are identical, so that the two paths of signals are not interfered with each other before synthesis, the complete energy of the two paths of signals can be reserved to the maximum extent, the power loss is reduced, the subsequent signal synthesis is facilitated, the output signal quality is higher, in particular, the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T1 is connected with the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T2 through an isolation resistor R1, and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T1 is connected with the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T2 through an isolation resistor R2, when the synthesizer is used, the signals only pass through respective transmission lines, the isolation effect is achieved, and the signals input from the input port P1 and the input port P2 are prevented from being interfered with each other before entering the power superposition process;
here, the main function of the isolation resistors R1 and R2 is to provide a certain resistor while ensuring signal transmission, so that the signal current passing through it can be partially blocked when flowing to other routes, thereby realizing signal isolation;
step b) Signal flow and Synthesis
The first path of radio frequency signals sequentially pass through a 1 st port and a 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1;
the second path of radio frequency signals sequentially pass through a 1 st port and a 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T2;
when the first path of radio frequency signals and the second path of radio frequency signals enter the respective transmission line transformers, the first path of radio frequency signals and the second path of radio frequency signals generate magnetic fluxes in corresponding directions in the magnetic cores of the respective transmission line transformers, and in order to balance the magnetic fluxes, the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the corresponding transmission line transformers automatically generate reverse currents due to electromagnetic induction:
when a radio frequency signal passes through the 1 st and 2 nd ports of the transmission line transformer, it will generate magnetic flux in the magnetic core, because the current will generate a magnetic field and the magnetic core will concentrate this magnetic field;
this flux will pass through the 3 rd and 4 th ports opposite the 1 st and 2 nd ports, which will generate an electromotive force at the 3 rd and 4 th ports since this is a varying magnetic field (because the radio frequency signal is alternating);
when the 3 rd and 4 th ports form a closed loop (e.g., they are connected to ground or other reference point), the electromotive force causes a current to flow in a direction that produces a magnetic field that is opposite to the original magnetic field, thereby canceling or balancing it;
this automatically generated current is referred to as the "reverse current" because it is excited by the varying magnetic field generated by the original current and its direction is to cancel the original magnetic field;
the original magnetic field is cancelled to avoid the magnetic core entering a saturated state by ensuring that the magnetic flux is cancelled or balanced, thereby avoiding possible signal distortion or efficiency reduction, and in addition, when the magnetic flux is balanced, the isolation between two sides (1 st port and 2 nd port and 3 rd port and 4 th port) of the transmission line transformer is generally increased, which means that mutual interference between two paths of signals is reduced;
after the two paths of radio frequency signals respectively pass through the 2 nd port of the corresponding transmission line transformer, synthesizing is carried out at the junction of the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2 to obtain synthesized high-power signals;
step c) impedance matching and signal output
The synthesized high-power signal is subjected to impedance matching through a transmission line transformer T3 and a transmission line transformer T4, so that the impedance of the synthesized high-power signal meets the impedance required by a subsequent system, the synthesizer is provided with two input ports (an input port P1 and an input port P2) and one output port (an input port P3), when two 50 omega input signals are synthesized at the input port P1 and the input port P2, the output impedance of the two 50 omega input signals becomes 25 omega at the junction, because the equivalent impedance of the two 50 omega input signals is 25 omega when the two 50 omega input signals are connected in parallel, and the transmission line transformer T3 and the transmission line transformer T4 are used for converting the output of 25 omega into 50 omega for matching with the subsequent 50 omega system, so that the maximum power transmission is ensured and the signal loss is reduced;
the synthesized high-power signal which accords with the impedance is output from the output port P3 to a rear-stage system.
In the embodiment, in step a), the first path of rf signal entering the transmission line transformer T1 or the second path of rf signal entering the transmission line transformer T2 is subjected to amplitude-phase response adjustment via the balanced line.
A balance line design method of a high-power synthesizer comprises the following steps:
step 1: setting the frequency range of synthesizer, analyzing the frequency response of input port P1 and input port P2, and determining the balanced line length of input port P1 or input port P2 according to the analysis result
The step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: acquiring amplitude response and phase response of the input port P1 and the input port P2 at different frequencies within a set frequency range of the synthesizer
Setting the frequency range of an input port P1 and an input port P2 of the synthesizer to be 10kHz-150MHz, and adopting a 50 omega coaxial cable as a balance line;
acquiring amplitude responses and phase responses of the input port P1 and the input port P2 at different frequencies through simulation;
step 1.2: calculating the difference value of the electric length required to be introduced according to the difference between the amplitude response and the phase response
This can be done at all frequency points of interest in order to find out at which frequency points there is the largest difference between the responses of the input ports P1 and P2;
calculating that at the 100kHz point, the input port P1 has a phase error of 5 degrees relative to the input port P2, converting the phase error into an electric length to be compensated, namely lambda/720 (lambda is wavelength), and at the 60MHz point, the phase error of 10 degrees exists, and also converting the phase error into the electric length to be compensated, namely lambda/36;
step 1.3: converting electrical length difference into balanced line physical length
The ideal length of the balance line is calculated through theory, and the existing hardware is not required to be changed actually;
for a 100kHz point, the physical length= (5/360) = (speed factor of light/100 kHz), and for a 60MHz point, the physical length= (10/360) = (speed factor of light/60 MHz), taking into account that the propagation speed of signals in a 50 ohm coaxial cable is smaller than the speed of light, introducing a proper speed factor, and integrating the physical length difference between the 100kHz point and the 60MHz point, designing a balance line;
step 1.4: simulation optimization and actual test adjustment to determine the length of the final balance line
Using circuit simulation software to simulate and optimize the balance line according to the electric length difference and the frequency response difference to obtain the optimal length of the balance line, then testing the balance line on actual hardware, and possibly fine-tuning the length of the balance line according to the test result to finally determine the length of the balance line;
step 2: the amplitude and the phase of the input port P1 or the input port P2 are compensated and regulated by the balance line, so that the balance of the amplitude-phase response (the amplitude-phase response comprises two parts of amplitude response and phase response) of the input port P1 and the input port P2 in a full frequency band (full frequency range) is realized;
the amplitude-phase response of the balanced input port P1 and the balanced input port P2 is that the gain, attenuation and phase delay of the two ports P1 and P2 are consistent in a set frequency range no matter how the frequency changes, so that the signals coming out of the input port P1 and P2 are mutually coordinated in the whole frequency range, and the subsequent power synthesis is facilitated.
In the present embodiment, the process of converting the electric length difference into the physical length, i.e., the length required for the balanced line, is accomplished by understanding the speed of propagation of the electric wave in the transmission line, and in practice, the speed of propagation of the electric wave in vacuum is the speed of light, but in the actual balanced line (like a cable), the speed of propagation of the electric wave is slowed down due to the influence of the dielectric constant, and therefore, the relationship between the electric length (expressed in degrees or radians) and the physical length can be described by the following formula:
physical length (m) = (electrical length difference (degree)/360) × wavelength (m), in this formula, wavelength is the physical characteristic of the signal, which can be calculated from the frequency of the signal:
wavelength (m) =speed of light (m/s)/frequency (Hz)
However, in an actual transmission line, the propagation speed of the electric wave becomes slow due to the influence of the dielectric constant, which is defined as the quotient of the speed of light and the square root of the dielectric constant, typically expressed as a percentage of the speed of light, which is called the Velocity Factor (VF);
thus, the actual wavelength needs to take into account the rate factor:
actual wavelength (m) =wavelength (m) ×rate factor;
so finally, the physical length is calculated as:
physical length (m) = (electrical length difference (degree)/360) × speed of light (m/s) × speed factor/frequency (Hz), the speed factor being the speed factor of the balance line, the process calculates the required physical length from the electrical length difference and designs the balance line from this length, which is a key step in ensuring the performance of the power combiner, in the frequency response analysis, if a difference in amplitude or phase response of the two ports is found, this difference can be reduced by adjusting the length of the balance line, thereby improving the performance of the power combiner.
In this embodiment, a balance line is designed by integrating the physical length difference between the 100kHz point and the 60MHz point, and the process can be as follows: synthesizing the phase error condition of each frequency point, and calculating the physical length of the balance line which can meet the whole frequency band by adopting an optimization algorithm;
the balance line is designed by integrating the phase errors of all the frequency points, and specifically comprises the following steps:
measuring and collecting phase error data between the input ports P1 and P2 of each frequency point before balancing;
setting a phase error margin of a full band;
planning the phase error of each frequency point under the same coordinate system to obtain a curve of the phase error along with the change of frequency;
with the phase error tolerance as a target, an optimization algorithm (such as a genetic algorithm) is adopted to find a physical length value of a balance line, so that the length can compress the phase error curve of each frequency point as far as possible into the tolerance range;
the algorithm takes the sum of squares of differences of the phase errors and the tolerances of the minimized frequency points as an optimization target, and iteratively searches for the optimal balance line length;
obtaining an optimal length value of a balanced line theory meeting the phase margin requirement;
the process of designing the balance line by integrating the phase errors of all the frequency points is to establish a coordinate system, obtain the theoretical optimal length of the balance line meeting the phase tolerance requirement by adopting an optimization algorithm, and then combine the simulation and the test of the subsequent steps to carry out fine adjustment, so that the balance line within the full bandwidth range can be effectively designed.
In summary, in the present embodiment, the process of calculating the required physical length according to the electrical length difference provided in the present embodiment is based on theoretical calculation, and is not affected by measurement errors and environmental interference, so that a more accurate result can be provided, and secondly, the length obtained through the process can be used to design a balance line, without complex modification to existing hardware.
The above description is merely a further embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will be able to apply equivalents and modifications according to the technical solution and the concept of the present invention within the scope of the present invention disclosed in the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The high-power synthesizer is characterized by comprising a transmission line transformer T1, a transmission line transformer T2, a transmission line transformer T3 and a transmission line transformer T4, wherein the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T1 is connected with an input port P1, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T2 is connected with an input port P2, and the input port P1 and the input port P2 are used for being connected with a radio-frequency power amplifier so that a radio-frequency signal of the radio-frequency power amplifier can pass through the corresponding transmission line transformer through the input port P1 and the input port P2;
the input port P1, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T1 and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1 form a radio frequency signal path;
the input port P2, the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T2 and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T2 form another radio frequency signal path;
an isolation resistor R1 is arranged between the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T1 and the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T2, and an isolation resistor R2 is arranged between the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T1 and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T2;
a junction for synthesizing radio frequency signals respectively passing through the two paths is arranged between the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1 and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T2;
the transmission line transformer T3 and the transmission line transformer T4 are connected to the junction and are used for carrying out impedance matching on the synthesized radio frequency signals;
the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T4 is connected with an output port P3 used for connecting a rear-stage system, so that an impedance-matched radio frequency signal is output to the rear-stage system;
the 1 st port and the 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1 are positioned on one side, and the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T1 are positioned on the other side;
the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T1 are distributed adjacently to the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T2;
the port distribution position of the transmission line transformer T3 is the same as the port distribution position of the transmission line transformer T1, and the port distribution position of the transmission line transformer T4 is the same as the port distribution position of the transmission line transformer T2;
a balance line is connected between the input port P1 and the input port P2;
the transmission line transformer T3 and the 1 st port of the transmission line transformer T4 are both connected to the junction of the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2, the 2 nd port and the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T3 are both connected to the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T4, and the 4 th port of the transmission line transformer T3 and the 3 rd port of the transmission line transformer T4 are both grounded.
2. A method of synthesizing a high power combiner, wherein the high power combiner is the high power combiner of claim 1, the method comprising the steps of:
step a) Signal input and isolation
The method comprises the steps that radio frequency signals are respectively input to a corresponding transmission line transformer T1 and a corresponding transmission line transformer T2 through an input port P1 and an input port P2, and a first path of radio frequency signals entering the transmission line transformer T1 and a second path of radio frequency signals entering the transmission line transformer T2 are obtained;
isolation between the first path of radio frequency signals and the second path of radio frequency signals is realized through an isolation resistor R1 and an isolation resistor R2 which are positioned between the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2;
step b) Signal flow and Synthesis
The first path of radio frequency signals sequentially pass through a 1 st port and a 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T1;
the second path of radio frequency signals sequentially pass through a 1 st port and a 2 nd port of the transmission line transformer T2;
when the first path of radio frequency signals and the second path of radio frequency signals enter the corresponding transmission line transformers, the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the corresponding transmission line transformers generate reverse currents;
after the two paths of radio frequency signals respectively pass through the 2 nd port of the corresponding transmission line transformer, synthesizing is carried out at the junction of the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2 to obtain synthesized high-power signals;
step c) impedance matching and signal output
The synthesized high-power signal passes through the transmission line transformer T3 and the transmission line transformer T4 to complete impedance matching, so that the impedance of the synthesized high-power signal meets the impedance required by a later-stage system;
the synthesized high-power signal which accords with the impedance is output from the output port P3 to a rear-stage system.
3. The method of combining a high power combiner according to claim 2, wherein in step a), the balanced line connected between the input port P1 and the input port P2 adjusts the amplitude and phase response of the first and second radio frequency signals entering the transmission line transformer T1 and the transmission line transformer T2.
4. A balanced line design method of a high-power combiner, wherein the high-power combiner is the high-power combiner according to claim 1, the balanced line design method comprising the steps of:
step 1: setting the frequency range of synthesizer, analyzing the frequency response of input port P1 and input port P2, and determining the balanced line length of input port P1 or input port P2 according to the analysis result
The step 1 specifically includes:
step 1.1: acquiring amplitude response and phase response of the input port P1 and the input port P2 under different frequencies in a set frequency range of the synthesizer;
step 1.2: calculating the difference value of the electric length to be introduced according to the difference between the amplitude response and the phase response;
step 1.3: converting the electrical length difference into a physical length of the balance line;
step 1.4: simulation optimization and actual test adjustment, and determining the length of a final balance line;
step 2: the amplitude and the phase of the input port P1 or the input port P2 are compensated and regulated by the balance line, so that the amplitude and the phase of the input port P1 and the input port P2 in the full frequency band are balanced.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the physical length of the balance line is = (electrical length difference/360) × speed of light) × rate factor/frequency.
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