CN117125109A - Dedicated multichannel high-speed digital sensor system - Google Patents
Dedicated multichannel high-speed digital sensor system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117125109A CN117125109A CN202311394663.1A CN202311394663A CN117125109A CN 117125109 A CN117125109 A CN 117125109A CN 202311394663 A CN202311394663 A CN 202311394663A CN 117125109 A CN117125109 A CN 117125109A
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- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/02—Electric devices associated with track, e.g. rail contacts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
- B61L27/70—Details of trackside communication
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/05—Digital input using the sampling of an analogue quantity at regular intervals of time, input from a/d converter or output to d/a converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
- H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
- H03M1/1205—Multiplexed conversion systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/70—Arrangements in the main station, i.e. central controller
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/80—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device
- H04Q2209/82—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device where the sensing device takes the initiative of sending data
- H04Q2209/826—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device where the sensing device takes the initiative of sending data where the data is sent periodically
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a special multichannel high-speed digital sensor system, which is characterized in that through effective coordination of a sensor, a central chip and an upper computer, digital signals of a high-speed train during traveling on a track are collected, and proper storage units are respectively arranged on the sensor and the upper computer, so that subsequent operation is determined according to the working condition of the upper computer, and the working condition of the upper computer is confirmed in the subsequent operation, so that feedback is performed, the whole system is ensured to work orderly, and the problems of data dislocation, data loss, waveform distortion and the like are not caused when the upper computer delays data processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a special multichannel high-speed digital sensor system.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid increase of China railway track and the speed increase of train operation, the demand for railway freight overload and unbalanced load detection equipment for ensuring driving safety is also increasing. However, the original freight overload and unbalanced loading equipment cannot adapt to changed technical conditions due to the speed increase of the train and pursue of higher efficiency. In order to ensure the use precision, the original railway freight overload and unbalanced load equipment is designed to adapt to the working condition test conditions of 10 km/h-30 km/h, the length of a metering area is 3.6 meters, 20 plate-type and shearing Liang Moni sensors are adopted, and the sampling frequency is 1000 times per second. This original design has not kept pace with the development of the times, especially in the current world where trains are continuously accelerating.
Along with the continuous speed increasing of the train, the train passing time within the same distance is shorter and shorter. Therefore, in order to ensure the measurement accuracy under the condition of acceleration, the weighing and metering area needs to be lengthened firstly, and the weighing and metering area needs to be increased by at least 2 times to 3 times as much as the original metering area. Whereby the number of sensors in the metering zone also needs to be increased to a corresponding multiple of the original number of sensors. On the other hand, the installation position of the railway overload equipment is more and more remote and even is a few kilometers away from the control center, so that the data transmission distance of the original equipment is too long, the cost is increased, the interference factors are too large, and the construction is difficult. According to the current use conditions of on-site working conditions, the original analog sensor cannot meet the current demands of long-distance data transmission and anti-interference problems.
With the great increase of the number of sensors in a unit distance and the faster sampling frequency, higher requirements are also put on data acquisition. When the computer in the system collects data, the synchronous operation of the transmission data of a plurality of sensors is ensured, so that the collected data is not leaked or misplaced, the waveform of the system data is not distorted, and the purpose of accurate metering is achieved. This also places higher demands on the data acquisition transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a dedicated multi-channel high-speed digital sensor system that effectively solves the problems of the prior art mentioned above.
The invention provides a special multichannel high-speed digital sensor system, which comprises an upper computer and a plurality of sensor units for collecting superload data when a train passes through a rail, wherein each sensor unit comprises an elastomer, an amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter and a central chip, each sensor unit is arranged between a rail and a sleeper and is in a platy member, in each sensor unit, the elastomer is positioned in the central part of the platy member along the length direction and directly bears the pressure from the train, one side of the platy member is provided with an electronic circuit board mounting groove, the amplifier, the analog-to-digital converter and the central chip in the sensor unit are arranged in the electronic circuit board mounting groove, when the train passes through the rail, the elastomer in the sensor unit is pressed to cause the change of the resistance of the elastomer, thus, the pressure information of the train is converted into an analog electric signal by the elastomer, the analog-to-digital electric signal by the analog-digital converter after the analog electric signal is amplified by the amplifier, the digital electric signal is remotely transmitted to the upper computer through the central chip, and at the same time sequence, the central chip receives the signal from the upper computer, the analog-to-digital signal is simultaneously converted into a digital signal by the central chip, the sensor unit is simultaneously, the digital signal is stored into a sampling frequency of the sampling buffer, and the sampling data is stored in a sampling period of the buffer, and the sampling period of each buffer is also determined according to the sampling period of the sensor data in the buffer; subsequently, the first and second heat exchangers are connected, the central chip starts analog-to-digital conversion in the next period according to the sampling frequency, and at the same time, the central chip sends a completion signal for completing train overload and unbalanced load sampling in one period to the upper computer, and the working time sequence state of the upper computer is probed; if the upper computer is in a busy working time sequence state at the moment, the central chip continues to perform overload and unbalanced load sampling and analog-to-digital conversion according to the inherent sampling frequency; if the upper computer is in an idle working time sequence state at the moment, the upper computer dispersedly or intensively reads the digital signals, the signal time sequence numbers and the sensor position numbers which are subjected to analog-to-digital conversion and stored in the data buffer area from each sensor unit, and stores the digital signals, the signal time sequence numbers and the sensor position numbers into an inherent data storage area in the upper computer so as to process data by a processing program in the upper computer; when the upper computer encounters the probing of the working time sequence state of the central chip during the data processing, the upper computer returns the busy working time sequence state to the central chip.
Preferably, the central chip adopts a micro single chip microcomputer form, is provided with a plurality of pins for accommodating a plurality of channel information inputs, transmits data through Ethernet outward communication, is provided with a plurality of external output interfaces, and is internally provided with a CPU and a data buffer area.
Preferably, the data processing includes classifying, plotting and calculating the digital signals transmitted from the sensor units.
Preferably, the entire digital circuit portion area of the hub chip is set to about 40X 80mm 2 。
Preferably, the circuit board designed by the central chip and the components thereof is 40×80×4mm in volume 3 。
The system provided by the invention is used for collecting the digital signals of the high-speed train in the running period on the track through the effective coordination of the sensor, the central chip and the upper computer, and respectively arranging the proper storage units on the sensor and the upper computer, further determining the subsequent operation according to the working condition of the upper computer, and further carrying out relevant confirmation on the working condition of the upper computer in the subsequent operation, thus feeding back, ensuring that the working of the whole system is orderly, thereby ensuring that the problems of data dislocation, data loss, waveform distortion and the like can not be caused when the upper computer delays processing data.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following discussion will discuss the embodiments or the drawings required in the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the technical solutions described in connection with the drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other embodiments and drawings thereof can be obtained according to the embodiments shown in the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic block circuit diagram of a dedicated multichannel digital sensor system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow chart of the operation of a dedicated multi-channel high speed digital sensor system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows an actual installation diagram of a plurality of sensor units during a technical test;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic mechanical structure of a sensor unit in a dedicated multichannel digital sensor system according to the invention;
fig. 5 and 6 show outline installation structure diagrams of the column sensor and the shear sensor, respectively.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without the need for inventive faculty, are within the scope of the invention, based on the embodiments described in the present invention.
Before describing the present invention in detail, the background of the use of the dedicated multichannel high-speed digital sensor provided by the present invention will be described.
As mentioned above, the high speed operation of current trains places very high demands on the sensors themselves as well as on the digital acquisition. The analysis is performed here by way of example. For example, the self-oscillation frequency of the wagon body is 2 Hz/s-6 Hz/s, and according to the sampling law, each sampling period is larger than 2.5 times of the self-oscillation frequency period of the measured object to accurately reflect the physical characteristics (weight) of the measured object, and at least one complete oscillation wave pattern of the measured object is contained. The train passes through the measuring area of 3.6 m at the speed of 10km/h for 1.33 seconds, if the self-oscillation frequency of the train body is 2Hz/s (correspondingly, the oscillation period of the train body is 0.5 seconds), the train body passes through the measuring area of 3.6 m, and one sampling period can contain (1.33/0.5=) 2.66 train body oscillation periods which are more than 2.5 times of the self-oscillation frequency period, so that the requirement of sampling law is met. Similarly, if the self oscillation frequency of the vehicle body is 6Hz/s (correspondingly, the oscillation period of the vehicle body is 0.167 seconds), the sampling period when the vehicle body passes through the 3.6 meter measuring area can comprise 1.33/0.167=7.98 vehicle body oscillation periods when the vehicle speed is 10km/h, and the requirement of the sampling law is more satisfied.
Otherwise, the speed of the vehicle is increased from 10km/h to 50 km/h, at the moment, the self oscillation frequency of the vehicle body is 2Hz/s, and when the measuring area is still 3.6 meters, the vehicle body to be tested passes through only 0.26 seconds, and only 0.52 oscillation period waveforms of the vehicle body can be acquired. If the vehicle speed is increased to 100 km/h, the self-oscillation frequency of the vehicle body is 2Hz/s, and when the measuring area is still 3.6 m, the tested point is only 0.13 seconds, and only 0.26 oscillation period modes can be acquired. Therefore, as the speed of the vehicle is remarkably improved, when the train passes through a test area with the length of 3.6 meters at 50 km/h and 100 km/h, the sampling law is not satisfied, and thus the weight test precision of the tested train body cannot be ensured.
Therefore, in order to ensure the test accuracy of the railway freight overload and unbalanced load arrangement when the train passes at high speed, the sampling length of the test area must be lengthened. Theoretically, the vehicle speed is 50 km/h, the length of the test area is 18 m, the vehicle speed is 100 km/h, and the length of the test area is 36 m. Even if the vehicle body oscillation frequency is mostly about 4 Hz/s or the complete vehicle body oscillation period is acquired when data are acquired, the requirement of test accuracy can be met. In practice, the test zone length should be 7 meters or more when the vehicle speed reaches 50 km/hour, and 18 meters or more when the vehicle speed reaches l00 km/hour.
It is also considered that the faster the vehicle speed, the greater the amplitude of oscillation of the railroad car. To ensure accurate mathematical operation of the waveform in oscillation, the sampling rate of the oscillation period of the object to be measured must be maintained for each sampling period, and this sampling rate should be adaptable at various high speeds (e.g., 10 km/hr or even 100 km/hr). In reality, the distance between the sleepers of the railway line is about 600 mm, for example, 6 sleepers can be arranged in a 3.6-meter measuring area, and a plate type sensor is respectively arranged below each steel rail at two ends of the 6 sleepers, and the total number of the plate type sensors is 12. A shearing force sensor is arranged on the rail web of every 2 sleepers, and 8 shearing force sensors are arranged to play a role in adjusting the waveform of the pressure sensor and assisting in metering. In order to ensure that the data output by the sensor can completely and truly reflect the oscillating waveform of the train wagon, the designed sensor sampling rate is generally 1 KHz/s in use. That is, when data is collected, the analog-to-digital conversion speed of the instrument is 1000 times per second, and the conversion speed is 1 millisecond. The computer can take one data from each of the 20 sensors in 1 millisecond. The collected data is then processed in real time-storage, analysis, sorting, discrimination, calculation, etc.
As mentioned above, the higher the train speed, the longer the sensor measurement zone length. As the vehicle speed increases gradually, the measurement zone is correspondingly extended, for example by a factor of 2 or even more than a factor of 5. The distribution density of the sensors and the sampling rate of the computer are not changed, which means that the data amount collected in unit time (for example, in 1 millisecond) is greatly increased, for example, 100 to 200 sensors need to be collected, and meanwhile, the data processing is performed to achieve the purpose of real-time measurement.
This presents a significant challenge for the synchronicity of data acquisition. Because each sensor is to provide the system computer with the serial number of its own sensor and the time sequence number of the collected data, the system must also analyze the serial number of each axle when the vehicle passes the sensor from the data transmitted by the sensor. Only if all the sensors of the system are in a synchronous state, the continuity and completeness of the motion waveform of the vehicle body reflected by the data can be ensured, and only then the weight, the speed and the like of each shaft, each bogie and the whole vehicle of the vehicle body can be accurately calculated. Otherwise, the problems of data dislocation, data loss and waveform distortion can be caused. Therefore, in the case of high-speed running of a train, synchronization of data collection of a large number of sensors included in the sensor system is a key issue that must be considered with great importance.
Based on the application background, the invention provides a special multichannel high-speed digital sensor system, which comprises an upper computer and a plurality of sensor units. Fig. 1 shows a schematic block circuit diagram of a dedicated multichannel digital sensor system according to the invention. As mentioned above, the sensor unit will periodically collect overload and unbalanced load data of the train as it passes over the rail. The sensor unit comprises an elastomer, an amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter and a central chip as shown in fig. 1.
Hereinafter, respective functions and interactions of the upper computer and the plurality of sensor units in the system will be described in detail based on the description of fig. 1.
Each sensor unit is implanted with a central chip, and the central chip plays a key bridge pivot role in the key high-speed multi-data acquisition and real-time control process in the system. The micro-singlechip microcomputer is adopted, a plurality of pins (for example, 100 pins) can be arranged to accommodate a plurality of channel information inputs, data are transmitted in an outward communication way through an Ethernet, a plurality of external output interfaces are arranged, and a CPU and a data buffer area are arranged in the micro-singlechip microcomputer. It should be noted that the hub chip is provided with a sufficiently large data buffer area, which plays an important role in data transfer in the subsequent flow. At the same time, the hub chip is responsible for analog-to-digital conversion in the sensor, but as mentioned above, as will be discussed in detail below, the hub chip serves a key hub function.
As shown in fig. 1, when a train passes through a rail, the elastic body in the sensor unit is pressed to change the resistance of the elastic body, so that the pressure information of the train is converted into an analog electric signal by the elastic body, the analog electric signal is amplified by the amplifier and then converted into a digital electric signal by the analog-to-digital converter, and the digital electric signal is remotely transmitted to an upper computer through the central chip.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of the operation of the dedicated multichannel high-speed digital sensor system according to the invention. A specific operation flow will be described below based on the illustration of fig. 2.
Firstly, the central chip receives a sampling instruction from the upper computer, so that the sampling frequency is determined according to the train speed and the train oscillation wave pattern, and the train overload and unbalanced load information in one period is started based on the sampling frequency to sample and perform analog-to-digital conversion, and an initial analog signal sensed by the sensor unit when the train passes is converted into a digital electric signal. Furthermore, each sensor stores the digital signal in one sampling period into the data buffer mentioned above according to the unified prescribed number.
And then, starting the analog-to-digital conversion in the next period by the central chip according to the sampling frequency, and simultaneously, sending a completion signal for completing the train overload and unbalanced load sampling in the one period to the upper computer by the central chip, and probing the working time sequence state of the upper computer.
If the upper computer is in the busy working time sequence state, the central chip continues to perform overload and unbalanced sampling and analog-to-digital conversion according to the inherent sampling frequency. The reason why the host computer is in the "busy" operation state will be mentioned later, and is not shown here.
If the upper computer is in the idle working time sequence state, the upper computer can read the digital signals, the signal time sequence numbers and the sensor position numbers which are subjected to analog-to-digital conversion from the sensors in a scattered or concentrated mode, and store the digital signals, the signal time sequence numbers and the sensor position numbers into a data storage area inherent in the upper computer so as to process data by a processing program in the upper computer.
It should be noted that the plurality of sensor units installed in the rail face the upper computer and have their own position numbers, and the digital signal in each sensor unit also has its own time sequence number. Therefore, each data stored in the upper computer can find the respective time point and position according to the graph at the time of historical query and post-processing.
Fig. 3 shows an actual installation diagram of a plurality of sensor units during a technical test. As shown in fig. 3, each sensor unit is disposed between the track and the crosstie, whereby the elastomer in the sensor unit will convert the pressure signal to an analog electrical signal when the train is flying over the track after being compressed.
Therefore, the upper computer can classify, draw, calculate and other data processing works on the digital signals transmitted by the sensor units according to the sequence of the signal time sequence numbers and the position numbers of the sensor units when the upper computer processes the data. When the upper computer encounters the probing of the working time sequence state of the central chip during the data processing, the upper computer returns the busy working time sequence state to the central chip.
Therefore, the work between the upper computer responsible for data processing and the sensor responsible for data collection is not conflicted. Considering that the speed of the train passing through the rail is extremely high, the sensor can directly transmit the data to the upper computer for processing in a digital signal form when the upper computer is not busy after the data is collected, and can temporarily store the data in the buffer memory of the upper computer when the upper computer is busy and then send the data to the upper computer. The data sent by the sensor is provided with the time sequence number and the sensor position number, so that the problems of data dislocation, data loss, waveform distortion and the like cannot be caused by the delay processing of the data by the upper computer.
The hub chip can be considered herein as a stand-alone mini-intelligent data manager. The central chip controls synchronous acquisition and information transmission of a plurality of digital sensors through the instruction excitation of the upper computer. Therefore, the key bridge pivot function of the central chip in the process of industrial high-speed data acquisition and real-time control is seen.
In practical applications, the entire digital circuit part area including the hub chip (including amplifier, A/D conversion, MCU management chip) may be set to about 40×80mm 2 . The circuit board designed by other accessory components such as central chip, crystal oscillator, resistance-capacitance and the like and capable of fulfilling functions has a volume of about 40 multiplied by 80 multiplied by 4mm 3 The sensor has the technical condition that the sensor can be installed in a field heavy-duty original plate sensor.
As can be seen from the foregoing, the dedicated multi-channel high-speed digital sensor system of the present invention in fact grips the railway operating practices. As mentioned above, the sensor unit is mounted between the rail and the sleeper. Fig. 4 shows a schematic mechanical structure of a sensor unit in a dedicated multichannel digital sensor system according to the invention. As shown in fig. 4, the sensor unit is presented as a plate-like member in which the elastic body is in a central portion in the longitudinal direction thereof to thereby directly receive the pressure from the train, and an electronic circuit board mounting groove is provided on one side of the plate-like member in which the amplifier, the analog-to-digital converter, and the center chip in the sensor unit are all provided. In the plate-like member, signals are transmitted between the elastic body and the amplifier through electrical connection, and the hub chip is in remote communication with the host computer in the electronic circuit board mounting slot.
The mechanical design is fit with the actual field condition of railway operation to the maximum extent, and the plate-shaped design structure of the sensor unit can be produced in large scale in batches. In addition, through the platy design, the amplified digital electric signal can be clearly and remotely transmitted to the upper computer, and smooth communication of the signal is ensured.
The design concept of the special multichannel high-speed digital sensor system provided by the invention can be maximally attached to the actual field condition of railway operation in the application of a railway column type sensor and a shear sensor, so that the aim of synchronous data acquisition of a large number of sensors can be achieved. Fig. 5 and 6 show outline installation structure diagrams of the column sensor and the shear sensor, respectively. The hub chip can also be fixed to an extension inside the sensor.
The invention provides a special multi-channel high-speed digital sensor system. The system provided by the invention is used for collecting the digital signals of the high-speed train in the running period on the track through the effective coordination of the sensor, the central chip and the upper computer, and respectively arranging the proper storage units on the sensor and the upper computer, further determining the subsequent operation according to the working condition of the upper computer, and further carrying out relevant confirmation on the working condition of the upper computer in the subsequent operation, thus feeding back, ensuring that the working of the whole system is orderly, thereby ensuring that the problems of data dislocation, data loss, waveform distortion and the like can not be caused when the upper computer delays processing data.
The foregoing description of the exemplary embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any modifications, equivalents, and variations which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A dedicated multichannel high-speed digital sensor system, characterized in that the system comprises an upper computer and a plurality of sensor units for collecting superbias load data when a train passes through a rail, wherein each of the sensor units comprises an elastomer, an amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, and a center chip, and each of the sensor units is arranged between a rail and a sleeper and is presented as a plate-like member, in each of the sensor units, the elastomer is positioned in a central portion of the plate-like member in a length direction so as to directly bear pressure from the train, an electronic circuit board mounting groove is arranged on one side of the plate-like member, the amplifier, the analog-to-digital converter, and the center chip in the sensor units are all arranged in the electronic circuit board mounting groove, when the train passes through the rail, the elastomer in the sensor units is pressed to cause the resistance of the elastomer to change, thereby the pressure information of the train is converted into an analog electrical signal by the elastomer, the analog electrical signal is amplified by the amplifier and then converted into a digital electrical signal by the analog-to-digital converter, and the digital electrical signal is remotely transmitted to the upper computer via the center chip,
the central chip receives a sampling instruction from the upper computer, so that the sampling frequency is determined according to the train speed and the train oscillation wave type, the train overload and unbalanced load parameter sampling in one period is started based on the sampling frequency, analog-to-digital conversion is carried out, an initial analog signal sensed by a sensor when the train passes through is converted into a digital electric signal, each sensor unit stores the digital signal in one sampling period into a data buffer area of the central chip according to a signal time sequence number, and meanwhile, the sensor position number of each sensor unit is also stored into the data buffer area;
then, the central chip starts analog-to-digital conversion in the next period according to the sampling frequency, and at the same time, the central chip sends a completion signal for completing train overload and unbalanced load sampling in one period to the upper computer, and the working time sequence state of the upper computer is probed;
if the upper computer is in a busy working time sequence state at the moment, the central chip continues to perform overload and unbalanced load sampling and analog-to-digital conversion according to the inherent sampling frequency;
if the upper computer is in an idle working time sequence state at the moment, the upper computer dispersedly or intensively reads the digital signals, the signal time sequence numbers and the sensor position numbers which are subjected to analog-to-digital conversion and stored in the data buffer area from each sensor unit, and stores the digital signals, the signal time sequence numbers and the sensor position numbers into an inherent data storage area in the upper computer so as to process data by a processing program in the upper computer;
when the upper computer encounters the probing of the working time sequence state of the central chip during the data processing, the upper computer returns the busy working time sequence state to the central chip.
2. The special multichannel high-speed digital sensor system according to claim 1, wherein the central chip is in the form of a micro-singlechip, a plurality of pins are arranged to accommodate a plurality of channel information inputs, data are transmitted through Ethernet for external communication, a plurality of external output interfaces are arranged, and a CPU and a data buffer zone are arranged in the central chip.
3. The dedicated multi-channel high-speed digital sensor system according to claim 1, wherein said data processing comprises sorting, plotting, and calculating digital signals transmitted from the sensor units.
4. The dedicated multi-channel high-speed digital sensor system according to claim 1, wherein the entire digital circuit portion area of the hub chip is provided40X 80mm 2 。
5. The special multi-channel high-speed digital sensor system according to claim 4, wherein the circuit board designed by the hub chip and its associated components and capable of performing functions has a volume of 40×80×4mm 3 。
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