CN117113777A - Drill string vortex-induced vibration calculation method considering internal flow - Google Patents

Drill string vortex-induced vibration calculation method considering internal flow Download PDF

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CN117113777A
CN117113777A CN202311154776.4A CN202311154776A CN117113777A CN 117113777 A CN117113777 A CN 117113777A CN 202311154776 A CN202311154776 A CN 202311154776A CN 117113777 A CN117113777 A CN 117113777A
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drill string
grid
model
displacement
boundary
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CN117113777B (en
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陈威
张轩睿
包燕旭
邵江燕
李晓彬
王志平
李然
范泽清
胡宏涛
刘航
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • GPHYSICS
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Abstract

The invention relates to a calculation method of vortex-induced vibration of a drill string considering internal flow, which comprises the steps of firstly dispersing a drill string structure into a limited number of beam units based on a slicing theory and a finite element method, acquiring flow field loads at unit nodes, solving a structural dynamics equation by a Newmark-beta method, and realizing discrete solution of vibration response of the drill string structure; based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, adding two terms of Coriolis force and centrifugal force to a drill string structure dynamics equation to solve the problem of internal flow of the drill string; the method is characterized in that a grid is established by adopting the thought of a rigid follow-up region, a dynamic grid region and a static grid region, and the dynamic grid adopts a spring fairing model and a grid reconstruction model. Fluid-solid coupling calculation is achieved through data interaction and loop iteration solution between a fluid domain in Fluent and a solid domain in UDF program. The invention can accurately reflect the vortex-induced vibration response condition of the internal flow drill string, and provides a basis for analyzing the vortex-induced vibration mechanism and response characteristic of the marine riser-free internal flow drill string.

Description

Drill string vortex-induced vibration calculation method considering internal flow
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering drilling, and particularly relates to a vortex-induced vibration calculation method of a rotary drill string containing internal flow.
Background
With the advent of offshore oil rigs, the exploitation and utilization of deep sea resources has begun worldwide. As the drilling water deepens, riser-free drilling provides better safety and economy in installation, exploration and recovery than conventional riser drilling techniques. For traditional riser drilling, the structural length of the riser is increased along with the increase of the water depth, and the flexibility of the riser is also increased, so that the working difficulty in installing and recovering the riser is greatly increased, and the cost of the drilling ship in exploration is increased. The presence of the riser makes the distribution of the incoming ocean currents in the vertical direction of the riser less uniform, which results in a more complex external loading of the riser. Thus, overcoming the conventional drilling techniques, there is a great interest in riser-free drilling itself, which is safer and more economical.
When the external incoming flow is drilled, the drilling surface is periodically vortex-shedding, and vortex-induced vibration (Vortex Induced Vibration, VIV for short) is caused. At the same time, when drilling exploration without a vertical pipe, rotation exists, and more complex vortex-induced vibration phenomenon can be caused when fluid is transported in drilling. Under the combined action of the rotation of the drill string itself and the internal fluid, the generation and shedding of the vortex on the surface of the drill string are further affected, and complex vortex shedding and VIV response are caused. The drill bit of the drill string is caused to stick-slip or even fatigue failure, and irreversible major safety accidents are caused. Therefore, it is necessary to develop related researches on vortex-induced vibration of the rotary drill string containing the internal flow under the action of water flow, obtain vibration characteristics of the drill string containing the internal flow under the action of water flow, and provide support for structural design and drilling scheme of the riser-free drill string.
In early researches, students perform vortex-induced vibration research on a drill string through experiments, because of higher cost, higher experiment difficulty and difficult realization of flow field visualization of experimental results, numerical simulation calculation becomes another important way for researching the vortex-induced vibration of the drill string along with rapid development of computer technology and computational fluid mechanics in the twenty-first century. For the flexible rotating body with large length-diameter ratio of the ocean structure, when vortex-induced vibration is generated under the action of incoming flow, bending deformation can occur, so that the structural dynamics response mechanism of the flexible rotating body cannot be completely reflected by adopting the traditional two-dimensional numerical simulation to carry out numerical simulation. Meanwhile, based on the current computer technology, the numerical simulation difficulty of the three-dimensional model is very high, the calculated amount is quite large, and the calculated difficulty and the calculated amount continue to rise in a straight line under the condition that internal flow exists in the drill string.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention calculates a flow field based on Fluent software, performs secondary development on Fluent functions by compiling UDF programs, and provides a drill string vortex-induced vibration calculation method considering internal flow, which is based on a slicing theory and a finite element method, disperses a drill string structure into a limited number of beam units, and solves a two-dimensional flow field load at each unit node; and solving a dynamic equation of the drill string structure by using a Newmark-beta method to realize numerical simulation of vortex-induced vibration of the drill string containing the internal flow.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a drill string vortex-induced vibration calculation method considering internal flow comprises the following steps:
s1, dispersing a three-dimensional flow field space and beam units in equal parts along the axial direction of a three-dimensional drill string containing the inner flow based on a slicing theory and an Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, wherein each beam unit node corresponds to a discrete two-dimensional flow field;
s2, establishing a two-dimensional calculation model, and determining calculation parameters and boundary conditions;
s3, dividing the established two-dimensional calculation model into a follow-up region, a grid reconstruction region, a wake flow region and an outflow region; determining the grid sizes of different areas and carrying out grid division on the different areas; copying the grid model along the axial direction of the drill string through the established model; importing the grid model into Fluent software;
s4, compiling a UDF secondary development program, and carrying out structural dynamics solving on the discrete drill string model; setting drill string dynamic parameters in a UDF program, and importing the set UDF program into Fluent software;
s5, setting calculation parameters, boundary conditions and solving parameters for the flow field in Fluent software;
s6, solving the two-dimensional flow field model through Fluent software, obtaining flow field characteristics of different time steps after solving, and obtaining the surface load of each drill string;
s7, calculating the stress of each two-dimensional flow field structure through UDF, and inputting the stress into a drill string structure dynamics control equation; based on a Newmark-beta method, a structural dynamics equation is discretely solved, and the displacement, the speed and the acceleration of the structure are obtained;
s8, transmitting the speed of the structure in the step S7 to the drill string in the step S6 through the compiled UDF, and endowing the drill string with a rotation angle speed and a follow-up area in the step S3 to realize displacement and rotation of the drill string;
s9, realizing the movement of the grid boundary of the grid reconstruction area in the step S3 along with the boundary of the drill string and updating the grid through a dynamic grid model in Fluent;
s10, outputting calculated results including forward displacement, transverse displacement, lifting force and resistance of the drill string through compiled UDF and Fluent software;
s11, taking various calculation results in the step S10 as a basis for judging whether the vibration of the drill string is stable, and ending the calculation if the vibration of the drill string is stable; otherwise, the flow field result of the next time step is continuously solved, and the steps S6 to S11 are repeated until the vibration of the drill string is stable.
In the scheme, in the step S1, the drill string is divided into n beam units based on a slicing theory, an Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and a finite element method, wherein n beam units enable n+1 unit nodes of the drill string to exist; the three-dimensional flow field space is therefore discretized into n+1 two-dimensional flow field planes along the drill string axis at each node.
In the scheme, in the steps S2-S3, an ICEM CFD software is adopted to construct a model, and the model is subjected to grid division; the grid form globally adopts triangular grids, and boundary layer grids are arranged at the positions of the wall surfaces of the drill columns in the flow field; the follow-up area comprises a drilling column wall surface and a boundary layer grid part, the grid reconstruction area is an area near the drilling column along with the movement of the drilling column, the grid is reconstructed after the movement of the drilling column in the area, and other areas of the flow field are static grid areas except the area; the model of the mesh which has been built and divided is copied as n+1 shares and marked.
In the above scheme, in step S4, the specific steps of running the compiled UDF program include:
(1) The macro calculation_force_and_movement is called, the load born by the boundary of the drill string in each two-dimensional flow field plane is calculated, and the result is brought to each control node in the finite element model of the drill string;
(2) Invoking an iterative program based on a Newmark-beta method to discretely solve a structural dynamics equation to obtain displacement, speed and acceleration of each control node of the structure;
(3) And calling the macro DEFINE_CG_MOTION to transfer parameters including displacement, speed and acceleration of each control node to the corresponding drill string boundary, and endowing the drill string boundary with a rotation angular velocity through the macro DEFINE_CG_MOTION to realize the displacement and rotation of the drill string.
In the above scheme, in step S2 and step S5, the boundary condition is set as follows: the left boundary is the incoming flow boundary condition is a velocity entry (velocity-inlet); the right boundary is the outlet boundary condition is the pressure outlet (pressure-out); the upper and lower side boundary conditions are symmetry boundaries (symmetry); the drill string surface is a no-slip wall.
In the above scheme, in step S2 and step S5, the setting of the calculation parameters includes: lift coefficient, drag coefficient.
In the above scheme, in step S5, the setting of the solving parameters includes: turbulence model, solution algorithm, discrete format, solution accuracy and time step.
In the above scheme, in step S7, based on the euler-bernoulli beam theory, when the internal flow is not considered, the structural dynamics equation of the drill string is:
wherein: t (z) =t ts (L-z) is the axial tension of the drill string, T t For top pretension, L is riser length, ω s A weight per unit length of drill string immersed in water; m is m s The mass of the drill string is the unit length, and c is the structural damping coefficient; x is the displacement of the drill string in the forward direction; y is the transverse flow displacement of the drill string; z is the axial displacement of the drill string; e is the elastic modulus of the drill string; i is the section moment of inertia of the drill string; t is time; f (f) x Load is applied to the drill string in the forward direction; f (f) y The load is applied to the transverse direction of the drill string;
when considering the influence of the internal flow on the drill string, the bending vibration of the drill string can generate centrifugal force and coriolis force, the centrifugal force and the coriolis force can change the structural dynamic characteristics of the drill string, and the structural dynamic equation of the drill string becomes:
wherein: m is m i The mass of water per unit length of the drill string; v is the internal flow rate;
based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the drill string structural dynamics equation is obtained by discretizing:
wherein: [ M ]]、[C]、[K]Respectively a mass matrix, a damping matrix and a rigidity matrix of the drill string structure,and { x (t) } is the acceleration, velocity and displacement vectors of the drill string in the downstream direction,and { y (t) } is an acceleration vector, a velocity vector, and a displacement vector in the transverse direction of the drill string; { F x (t) } is the load vector in the forward direction of the drill string, { F y (t) } is the load vector transverse to the drill string.
In the scheme, the dynamic equations (5) and (6) of the drill string structure are solved by adopting a Newmark-beta method, and taking the motion solution of the structure in the downstream direction as an example, the Newmark-beta method firstly establishes a recurrence relation along the time variation, and the acceleration, the speed and the displacement vector of the structure at the moment t are used for solving{ x (t) } to t+ΔtAcceleration, velocity, displacement vector of the etched structure +.>{ x (t+Δt) }; in the dynamics equation of the drill string structure at the moment t+delta t, the acceleration, the speed and the displacement vector of the structure are +.> { x (t+Δt) } satisfies the following relationship:
the Newmark- β method assumes that at time t+Δt there is:
the above formula is a basic formula of Newmark-beta method, and the parameter in the formula is gamma=0.5, and beta=0.25; the displacement at the time of simultaneous arrival t+Δt is:
wherein the effective stiffness matrix is:
the payload vector is:
the acceleration and velocity vectors of the structure at time t+Δt are:
wherein: c 0 =1/(βΔt 2 ),c 1 =γ/(βΔt),c 2 =1/(βΔt),c 3 =(1/2β)-1,c 4 =(γ/β)-1,c 5 =(Δt/2)((γ/β)-2),c 6 =Δt(1-γ),c 7 =γΔt;
The motion solving method of the structure reverse flow direction is the same as the forward flow direction.
In the above scheme, in step S9, the adopted dynamic grid model is a spring fairing model and a grid reconstruction model.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is based on commercial software Ansys/Fluent, takes a marine drill string as a research background, carries out secondary development on Fluent software based on a self-compiling UDF program, carries out numerical simulation on fluid-solid coupling between a flow field and a drill string containing an inner flow, and researches vortex-induced vibration response of the drill string containing the inner flow. The structural response calculation is based on a slice theory and a finite element method, the drill string structure is discretized into a finite number of beam units, the flow field load is acquired at the unit nodes, the structural dynamics equation is solved through a Newmark-beta method, and the discrete solving of the vibration response of the drill string structure is realized. Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the method adds two terms of Coriolis force and centrifugal force to the dynamic equation of the drill string structure, and solves the problem of the internal flow of the drill string. The method is characterized in that a grid is established by adopting the thought of a rigid follow-up region, a dynamic grid region and a static grid region, and the dynamic grid adopts a spring fairing model and a grid reconstruction model. Fluid-solid coupling calculation is achieved through data interaction and loop iteration solution between a fluid domain in Fluent and a solid domain in UDF program. Compared with the prior art, the method for calculating the vortex-induced vibration of the drill string considering the internal flow, provided by the invention, can accurately reflect the vortex-induced vibration response condition of the drill string containing the internal flow by combining with the result processing, provides a basis for the analysis of the vortex-induced vibration mechanism and response characteristic of the marine non-riser internal flow drill string, and provides theoretical guidance for the research and development design of the marine non-riser internal flow drill string and the development of the vortex-induced vibration suppression technology of the marine non-riser internal flow drill string.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drill string vortex-induced vibration calculation method that accounts for internal flow in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a drill string vortex induced vibration calculation method that accounts for internal flow in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of vortex-induced vibration of a drillstring incorporating an inner stream in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a section of a drill string with internal flow and a grid partition in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a global grid view of an internal flow string in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a contour plot of vortex-induced vibration flow field vorticity of a drillstring containing an inner stream in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of vortex-induced vibration cross-flow amplitude for an inner flow-containing drill string in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of vortex-induced vibration streamwise amplitude for an inner flow string in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1-2, a method for calculating vortex-induced vibration of a drill string considering internal flow according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, dispersing a three-dimensional flow field space and beam units of a three-dimensional drill string containing the inner flow along the axial direction of the drill string based on a slicing theory and an Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, wherein each beam unit node corresponds to a discrete two-dimensional flow field.
In step S1, dividing the drill string into n beam units based on a slicing theory, an Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and a finite element method, wherein n beam units enable n+1 unit nodes of the drill string to exist; the three-dimensional flow field space is therefore discretized into n+1 two-dimensional flow field planes along the drill string axis at each node.
S2, establishing a two-dimensional calculation model, and determining calculation parameters and boundary conditions.
In the step S2, constructing a two-dimensional model by adopting ICEM CFD software; the boundary conditions are set as follows: the left boundary is the incoming flow boundary condition is a velocity entry (velocity-inlet); the right boundary is the outlet boundary condition is the pressure outlet (pressure-out); the upper and lower side boundary conditions are symmetry boundaries (symmetry); the drill string surface is a no-slip wall. The setting of the calculation parameters comprises: lift coefficient, drag coefficient.
S3, dividing the established two-dimensional calculation model into a follow-up region, a grid reconstruction region, a wake flow region and an outflow region; determining the grid sizes of different areas and carrying out grid division on the different areas; copying the grid model along the axial direction of the drill string through the established model; the mesh model is imported into Fluent software.
In step S3, the ICEM CFD software is adopted to carry out grid division on the model; the grid form globally adopts triangular grids, and boundary layer grids are arranged at the positions of the wall surfaces of the drill columns in the flow field; the follow-up area comprises a drilling column wall surface and a boundary layer grid part, the grid reconstruction area is an area near the drilling column along with the movement of the drilling column, the grid is reconstructed after the movement of the drilling column in the area, and other areas of the flow field are static grid areas except the area; the model of the mesh which has been built and divided is copied as n+1 shares and marked.
S4, compiling a UDF secondary development program, and carrying out structural dynamics solving on the discrete drill string model; and setting drill string dynamic parameters in the UDF program, and importing the set UDF program into Fluent software.
In order to realize vortex-induced vibration coupling response of the internal flow-containing drill string based on the slice theory, the invention autonomously compiles a secondary development program UDF based on the C language; the compiled UDF program is based on a Newmark-beta method to discrete a drill string and then solve structural dynamics equations of all nodes, so that fluid-solid coupling between the drill string and a flow field is realized; determining the properties of the drill string structure by defining the dynamic parameters such as diameter, density, damping coefficient and natural frequency of the drill string structure in the UDF program; the set UDF program can be imported into the software through a User Defined Functions window in Fluent software, and then simulation calculation is performed.
The compiled UDF program runs with the following steps:
(1) The macro calculation_force_and_movement is called, the load born by the boundary of the drill string in each two-dimensional flow field plane is calculated, and the result is brought to each control node in the finite element model of the drill string;
(2) Invoking an iterative program based on a Newmark-beta method to discretely solve a structural dynamics equation to obtain displacement, speed and acceleration of each control node of the structure;
(3) And calling the macro DEFINE_CG_MOTION to transfer parameters including displacement, speed and acceleration of each control node to the corresponding drill string boundary, and endowing the drill string boundary with a rotation angular velocity through the macro DEFINE_CG_MOTION to realize the displacement and rotation of the drill string.
S5, setting calculation parameters, boundary conditions and solving parameters for the flow field in Fluent software.
In step S5, the boundary condition is set as: the left boundary is the incoming flow boundary condition is a velocity entry (velocity-inlet); the right boundary is the outlet boundary condition is the pressure outlet (pressure-out); the upper and lower side boundary conditions are symmetry boundaries (symmetry); the drill string surface is a no-slip wall.
The setting of the solving parameters comprises the following steps: turbulence model, solution algorithm, discrete format, solution accuracy and time step.
The setting of the calculation parameters comprises: lift coefficient, drag coefficient.
S6, solving the two-dimensional flow field model through Fluent software, obtaining flow field characteristics of different time steps after solving, and obtaining the surface load of each drill string.
S7, calculating the stress of each two-dimensional flow field structure through UDF, and inputting the stress into a drill string structure dynamics control equation; based on a Newmark-beta method, the structural dynamics equation is discretely solved, and the displacement, the speed and the acceleration of the structure are obtained.
In step S7, based on the euler-bernoulli beam theory, when the internal flow is not considered, the structural dynamics equation of the drill string is:
wherein: t (z) =t ts (L-z) is the axial tension of the drill string, T t For tip pretension, L is drill string length, ω s Is the weight per unit length of the drill string immersed in water; m is m s The mass of the unit length of the vertical pipe is represented by c, and the structural damping coefficient is represented by c; x is the displacement of the drill string in the forward direction; y is the transverse flow displacement of the drill string; z is the axial displacement of the drill string; e is an elastic drill string mould; i is the section moment of inertia of the drill string; t is time; f (f) x Load is applied to the drill string in the forward direction; f (f) y Is loaded by the transverse flow direction of the drill string.
When considering the influence of the internal flow on the drill string, the bending vibration of the drill string can generate centrifugal force and coriolis force, the centrifugal force and the coriolis force can change the structural dynamic characteristics of the drill string, and the structural dynamic equation of the drill string becomes:
wherein: m is m i The mass of water per unit length of the drill string; v is the internal flow rate;
based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the drill string is obtained by dispersing:
wherein: [ M ]]、[C]、[K]Respectively a mass matrix, a damping matrix and a rigidity matrix of the drill string structure,and { x (t) } is the acceleration, velocity and displacement vectors of the drill string in the downstream direction,and { y (t) } is an acceleration vector, a velocity vector, and a displacement vector in the transverse direction of the drill string; { F x (t) } is the load vector in the forward direction of the drill string, { F y (t) } is the load vector transverse to the drill string.
Rigidity matrix [ K ] of finite element model of drill string]Comprising an elastic stiffness matrix [ K E ]And a geometric stiffness matrix [ K G ]. Elastic stiffness matrix [ K E ]Including the axial stiffness and bending stiffness of the beam; geometric stiffness matrix [ K G ]Including the stiffness effects resulting from the geometric deformation and top tension of the drill string structure.
Elastic stiffness matrix [ K E ]Cell elastic stiffness matrix [ k ] eij ]The following are provided:
geometric stiffness matrix [ K G ]Cell geometry stiffness matrix [ k ] gij ]The following are provided:
stiffness matrix [ K]Cell stiffness matrix [ k ] ij ]The following are provided:
k ij =k eij +k gij (9)
quality matrix [ M]Cell quality matrix [ m ] ij ]The following are provided:
wherein: e is the elastic modulus of the material, A is the cross-sectional area of the beam unit, I y And I z Moment of inertia of cross section to y-axis and z-axis, J k The polar moment of inertia of the cross section to the x-axis, l is the beam unit length and ρ is the material density.
The damping matrix of the drill string structure adopts a Rayleigh damping mode, and the following linear relation exists between the damping matrix of the drill string structure and the mass matrix and the stiffness matrix: [C] the parameters α and β are calculated by the following formula =αm+βk:
wherein: f (f) ni ,f nj Is the main vibration frequency related to the vibration of the drill string, ζ is the damping ratio of the drill string, and f is the damping ratio of the drill string ni ,f nj Taking the first-order and second-order natural vibration frequencies of the drill string.
Solving dynamic equations (5) and (6) of the drill string structure by using a Newmark-beta method, taking the structural forward motion solving as an example, the Newmark-beta method firstly establishes a recurrence relation along time variation, and the acceleration, the speed and the displacement vectors of the structure at the moment tAcceleration, velocity, displacement vector of structure from { x (t) } to t+Δt{ x (t+Δt) }; in the dynamics equation of the drill string structure at the moment t+delta t, the acceleration, the speed and the displacement vector of the structure are +.>{ x (t+Δt) } satisfies the following relationship:
the Newmark- β method assumes that at time t+Δt there is:
the above formula is a basic formula of Newmark-beta method, and the parameter in the formula is gamma=0.5, and beta=0.25; the displacement at the time of simultaneous arrival t+Δt is:
wherein the effective stiffness matrix is:
the payload vector is:
the acceleration and velocity vectors of the structure at time t+Δt are:
wherein: c 0 =1/(βΔt 2 ),c 1 =γ/(βΔt),c 2 =1/(βΔt),c 3 =(1/2β)-1,c 4 =(γ/β)-1,c 5 =(Δt/2)((γ/β)-2),c 6 =Δt(1-γ),c 7 =γΔt;
The motion solving method of the structure reverse flow direction is the same as the forward flow direction.
And S8, transmitting the speed of the structure in the step S7 to the drill string in the step S6 through the compiled UDF, and endowing the drill string with a rotation angular speed and a follow-up area in the step S3 to realize displacement and rotation.
And S9, realizing the movement of the grid boundary of the grid reconstruction area in the step S3 along with the boundary of the drill string and updating the grid through a dynamic grid model in Fluent.
In step S9, the adopted dynamic grid model is a spring fairing model and a grid reconstruction model.
And S10, outputting the calculated results including the forward displacement, the transverse displacement, the lifting force and the resistance of the drill string through compiled UDF and Fluent software.
S11, taking various calculation results in the step S10 as a basis for judging whether the vibration of the drill string is stable, and ending the calculation if the vibration of the drill string is stable; otherwise, the flow field result of the next time step is continuously solved, and the steps S6 to S11 are repeated until the vibration of the drill string is stable.
The invention is based on commercial software Ansys/Fluent, takes a marine drill string as a research background, carries out secondary development on Fluent software based on a self-compiling UDF program, carries out numerical simulation on fluid-solid coupling between a flow field and a drill string containing an inner flow, and researches vortex-induced vibration response of the drill string containing the inner flow. The structural response calculation is based on a slice theory and a finite element method, the drill string structure is discretized into a finite number of beam units, the flow field load is acquired at the unit nodes, the structural dynamics equation is solved through a Newmark-beta method, and the discrete solving of the vibration response of the drill string structure is realized. Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the method adds two terms of Coriolis force and centrifugal force to the dynamic equation of the drill string structure, and solves the problem of the internal flow of the drill string. The method is characterized in that a grid is established by adopting the thought of a rigid follow-up region, a dynamic grid region and a static grid region, and the dynamic grid adopts a spring fairing model and a grid reconstruction model. Fluid-solid coupling calculation is achieved through data interaction and loop iteration solution between a fluid domain in Fluent and a solid domain in UDF program. Compared with the prior art, the method for calculating the vortex-induced vibration of the drill string considering the internal flow, provided by the invention, can accurately reflect the vortex-induced vibration response condition of the drill string containing the internal flow by combining with the result processing, provides a basis for the analysis of the vortex-induced vibration mechanism and response characteristic of the marine non-riser internal flow drill string, and provides theoretical guidance for the research and development design of the marine non-riser internal flow drill string and the development of the vortex-induced vibration suppression technology of the marine non-riser internal flow drill string.
The following describes the implementation of the invention by taking the simulation verification of vortex-induced vibration of an elongated drill string body in a certain experiment as an example, and the implementation method comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing a drill string into 20 beam units based on a slicing theory, an Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and a finite element method, wherein the total number of the drill string is 21; the fluid-solid coupling at each control node is approximately a two-dimensional problem, thus spatially dispersing the three-dimensional flow field into 21 two-dimensional flow field planes along the drill string axis at each node.
S2, establishing a two-dimensional numerical model of the vortex-induced vibration of the drill string by adopting ICEM CFD software. The watershed size was 40D x 65D (where D is the drill string diameter) and the blockage rate was 2%. As shown in FIG. 3, u is the forward velocity, v is the cross-flow velocity, K 1 、K 2 For spring rate, C 1 、C 2 Is spring damping.
S3, on the established two-dimensional model of the drill string, carrying out grid division and division of different areas by adopting ICEM CFD software, and as shown in FIG. 4, the different areas from the surface of the drill string to the boundary of the flow field are as follows: a follow-up region, a dynamic grid region and a static grid region; selecting grid sizes with different sizes, dividing grids, and adopting triangular grids to realize a dynamic grid model; generating a boundary layer grid at a drill string surface location within the follow-up zone; the completely established and divided model is copied for 21 times, and renamed and marked as shown in fig. 5; and importing the generated grid file into Fluent software.
S4, in order to realize vortex-induced vibration coupling response of the internal flow drill string based on the slice theory, a secondary development program UDF is compiled independently based on a C language; the secondary development program UDF is based on a Newmark-beta method to discretely solve a structural dynamics equation, and different discrete two-dimensional flow fields are solved to realize fluid-solid coupling between a drill string and the flow fields. Dynamic parameters such as diameter, density, natural frequency, damping coefficient and the like of the drill string structure can be defined in the UDF program. The specific parameters in this example are shown in table 1; the compiled UDF program is imported through a User Defined Functions window in Fluent software.
TABLE 1 three-dimensional model parameter Table
S5, in Fluent software, setting the boundary conditions as follows: the left boundary condition is a velocity entry (velocity-inlet); the right boundary condition is pressure-out; the upper and lower side boundary conditions are symmetry boundaries (symmetry); the drill string surface is a no-slip wall.
Setting solving parameters such as a solving algorithm, a discrete format, solving precision, time step and the like in Fluent software; setting the extraction lift coefficient (C) l ) Coefficient of resistance (C) d ) Waiting for calculation data; and initializing a flow field model.
S6, for calculating t 0 And responding to the time structure, and carrying out fluid solving to obtain the flow field characteristics of each section at the current time.
S7, in the UDF program, calculating a drill string structure quality matrix [ M ] based on a finite element method according to the relevant kinetic parameters input in the table 1]Damping matrix [ C ]]And a stiffness matrix [ K]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Effective rigidity matrix of drill string structure is calculated based on Newemark-beta method
The macro computer_force_And_movement is called through UDF, the lift Force And the resistance of the boundary of the drill string are calculated, and a load vector matrix { F x (t) } and { F y (t) }; based on Newmark-beta method, according to t 0 -acceleration, velocity and displacement vector information of Δt drill string structure, calculating t 0 Time-of-day drill string payload vector matrixAnd->
And calculating to obtain the displacement, the speed and the acceleration of the integral structure based on a Newmark-beta method.
S8, transferring the speed of the structure to the drill string by calling the macro DEFINE_CG_MOTION, and endowing the drill string with a rotation angular speed by the macro DEFINE_CG_MOTION to realize the displacement and rotation of the boundary of the drill string.
S9, slicing the drill string, selecting a Dynamic mesh in the jet software, and selecting a Rigid Body as a region moving together with the drill string for a follow-up region on the surface of the drill string. The dynamic mesh region is selected to be de-formed such that the dynamic mesh region undergoes mesh reconstruction after being damaged by the drill string. And the same operation is performed on the slices of each section. A Dynamic grid model is set, and a spring fairing model (Smoothing) and a grid reconstruction model (Remeshing) are selected from a Dynamic Mesh window in Fluent software.
S10, output t 0 Calculated data such as lift coefficient, drag coefficient, cross flow amplitude and forward flow amplitude at the moment.
S11, judging whether an ending condition is met, if yes, ending calculation, performing the next step, otherwise updating the grid and the boundary thereof, and performing t 0 And (5) calculating a flow field at the moment +delta t, and repeating the steps S6 to S11.
Finally, a case file and a data file are exported through Fluent software; analyzing and drawing a vortex cloud picture and a speed cloud picture by using post-processing software such as Tecplot and the like; and analyzing and drawing an amplitude and fluid force coefficient trend chart by using post-processing software such as Origin and the like. FIG. 6 is a tail flow diagram of a three-dimensional drill string axial position established using a vortex cloud plot drawn in Tecplot. Fig. 7 and 8 are graphs of the amplitude of the cross-flow and forward flow of the drill string at axial locations plotted using Origin.
In the embodiment, flow field calculation is carried out by discretely solving a Reynolds average incompressible N-S equation through a finite volume method, structural response calculation is firstly carried out on the basis of a slicing theory and a finite element method, a drill string structure is scattered into a limited number of beam units, flow field loads are acquired at unit nodes, and structural dynamics equation is solved through a Newmark-beta method, so that discrete solving of vibration response of the drill string structure is realized; establishing grids by adopting the thought of a rigid follow-up region, a dynamic grid region and a static grid region, wherein the dynamic grid adopts a spring fairing model and a grid reconstruction model; fluid-solid coupling calculation is achieved through data interaction and loop iteration solution between a fluid domain in Fluent and a solid domain in UDF program.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The method for calculating the vortex-induced vibration of the drill string by considering the internal flow is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, dispersing a three-dimensional flow field space and beam units in equal parts along the axial direction of a three-dimensional drill string containing the inner flow based on a slicing theory and an Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, wherein each beam unit node corresponds to a discrete two-dimensional flow field;
s2, establishing a two-dimensional calculation model, and determining calculation parameters and boundary conditions;
s3, dividing the established two-dimensional calculation model into a follow-up region, a grid reconstruction region, a wake flow region and an outflow region; determining the grid sizes of different areas and carrying out grid division on the different areas; copying the grid model along the axial direction of the drill string through the established model; importing the grid model into Fluent software;
s4, compiling a UDF secondary development program, and carrying out structural dynamics solving on the discrete drill string model; setting drill string dynamic parameters in a UDF program, and importing the set UDF program into Fluent software;
s5, setting calculation parameters, boundary conditions and solving parameters for the flow field in Fluent software;
s6, solving the two-dimensional flow field model through Fluent software, obtaining flow field characteristics of different time steps after solving, and obtaining the surface load of each drill string;
s7, calculating the stress of each two-dimensional flow field structure through UDF, and inputting the stress into a drill string structure dynamics control equation; based on a Newmark-beta method, a structural dynamics equation is discretely solved, and the displacement, the speed and the acceleration of the structure are obtained;
s8, transmitting the speed of the structure in the step S7 to the drill string in the step S6 through the compiled UDF, and endowing the drill string with a rotation angle speed and a follow-up area in the step S3 to realize displacement and rotation of the drill string;
s9, realizing the movement of the grid boundary of the grid reconstruction area in the step S3 along with the boundary of the drill string and updating the grid through a dynamic grid model in Fluent;
s10, outputting calculated results including forward displacement, transverse displacement, lifting force and resistance of the drill string through compiled UDF and Fluent software;
s11, taking various calculation results in the step S10 as a basis for judging whether the vibration of the drill string is stable, and ending the calculation if the vibration of the drill string is stable; otherwise, the flow field result of the next time step is continuously solved, and the steps S6 to S11 are repeated until the vibration of the drill string is stable.
2. The method of calculating vortex induced vibration of a drill string with respect to internal flow according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the drill string is divided into n beam units based on a slice theory, an euler-bernoulli beam theory and a finite element method, the n beam units causing n+1 unit nodes to exist in the drill string; the three-dimensional flow field space is therefore discretized into n+1 two-dimensional flow field planes along the drill string axis at each node.
3. The method for calculating vortex-induced vibration of a drill string in consideration of internal flow according to claim 2, wherein in steps S2-S3, an ICEM CFD software is used to construct a model, and the model is meshed; the grid form globally adopts triangular grids, and boundary layer grids are arranged at the positions of the wall surfaces of the drill columns in the flow field; the follow-up area comprises a drilling column wall surface and a boundary layer grid part, the grid reconstruction area is an area near the drilling column along with the movement of the drilling column, the grid is reconstructed after the movement of the drilling column in the area, and other areas of the flow field are static grid areas except the area; the model of the mesh which has been built and divided is copied as n+1 shares and marked.
4. The method of calculating vortex induced vibration of a drill string with respect to internal flow according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the specific step of compiling the UDF program operation includes:
(1) The macro calculation_force_and_movement is called, the load born by the boundary of the drill string in each two-dimensional flow field plane is calculated, and the result is brought to each control node in the finite element model of the drill string;
(2) Invoking an iterative program based on a Newmark-beta method to discretely solve a structural dynamics equation to obtain displacement, speed and acceleration of each control node of the structure;
(3) And calling the macro DEFINE_CG_MOTION to transfer parameters including displacement, speed and acceleration of each control node to the corresponding drill string boundary, and endowing the drill string boundary with a rotation angular velocity through the macro DEFINE_CG_MOTION to realize the displacement and rotation of the drill string.
5. The method of calculating vortex induced vibration of a drill string in consideration of internal flow according to claim 1, wherein in step S2 and step S5, the boundary condition is set as: the left boundary is the incoming flow boundary condition is a velocity entry (velocity-inlet); the right boundary is the outlet boundary condition is the pressure outlet (pressure-out); the upper and lower side boundary conditions are symmetry boundaries (symmetry); the drill string surface is a no-slip wall.
6. The method of calculating vortex induced vibration of a drill string with respect to internal flow according to claim 1, wherein in step S2 and step S5, the setting of the calculation parameters comprises: lift coefficient, drag coefficient.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S5, the setting of the solving parameters comprises: turbulence model, solution algorithm, discrete format, solution accuracy and time step.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S7, based on euler-bernoulli beam theory, the structural dynamics equation of the drill string when the internal flow is not considered is:
wherein: t (z) =t ts (L-z) is the axial tension of the drill string, T t For top pretension, L is riser length, ω s A weight per unit length of drill string immersed in water; m is m s The mass of the drill string is the unit length, and c is the structural damping coefficient; x is the displacement of the drill string in the forward direction; y is the transverse flow displacement of the drill string; z is the axial displacement of the drill string; e is the elastic modulus of the drill string; i is the section moment of inertia of the drill string; t is time; f (f) x Load is applied to the drill string in the forward direction; f (f) y The load is applied to the transverse direction of the drill string;
when considering the influence of the internal flow on the drill string, the bending vibration of the drill string can generate centrifugal force and coriolis force, the centrifugal force and the coriolis force can change the structural dynamic characteristics of the drill string, and the structural dynamic equation of the drill string becomes:
wherein: m is m i The mass of water per unit length of the drill string; v is the internal flow rate;
based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the drill string structural dynamics equation is obtained by discretizing:
wherein: [ M ]]、[C]、[K]Respectively a mass matrix, a damping matrix and a rigidity matrix of the drill string structure,and { x (t) } is the acceleration, velocity and displacement vectors in the forward direction of the drill string, +.>And { y (t) } is an acceleration vector, a velocity vector, and a displacement vector in the transverse direction of the drill string; { F x (t) } is the load vector in the forward direction of the drill string, { F y (t) } is the load vector transverse to the drill string.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein solving the dynamic equations (5) and (6) of the drill string structure uses Newmark- β method, and taking the structural downstream motion solution as an example, the Newmark- β method first establishes a recurrence relation along time variation, and the recurrence relation is composed of acceleration, velocity and displacement vector of the structure at time tAcceleration, velocity, displacement vector of structure from { x (t) } to t+Δt{ x (t+Δt) }; in the dynamics equation of the drill string structure at the moment t+delta t, the acceleration, the speed and the displacement vector of the structure are +.>{ x (t+Δt) } satisfies the following relationship:
the Newmark- β method assumes that at time t+Δt there is:
the above formula is a basic formula of Newmark-beta method, and the parameter in the formula is gamma=0.5, and beta=0.25; the displacement at the time of simultaneous arrival t+Δt is:
wherein the effective stiffness matrix is:
the payload vector is:
the acceleration and velocity vectors of the structure at time t+Δt are:
wherein: c 0 =1/(βΔt 2 ),c 1 =γ/(βΔt),c 2 =1/(βΔt),c 3 =(1/2β)-1,c 4 =(γ/β)-1,c 5 =(Δt/2)((γ/β)-2),c 6 =Δt(1-γ),c 7 =γΔt;
The motion solving method of the structure reverse flow direction is the same as the forward flow direction.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S9, the moving grid model is a spring fairing model and a grid reconstruction model.
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