CN117106992A - High-temperature steel slag wind-crushing process - Google Patents
High-temperature steel slag wind-crushing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN117106992A CN117106992A CN202310934207.5A CN202310934207A CN117106992A CN 117106992 A CN117106992 A CN 117106992A CN 202310934207 A CN202310934207 A CN 202310934207A CN 117106992 A CN117106992 A CN 117106992A
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 425
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 21
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 12
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
- C21B2400/024—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag with the direct use of steam or liquid coolants, e.g. water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
- C21B2400/026—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag using air, inert gases or removable conductive bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
- C21B2400/066—Receptacle features where the slag is treated
- C21B2400/068—Receptacle features where the slag is treated with a sealed or controlled environment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature steel slag wind-crushing process, and belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of resources. The process comprises the following steps: before steelmaking slag tapping, controlling the total oxygen content in the steelmaking end-point steel to be equal to or greater than 400ppm, the final slag binary alkalinity to be equal to or less than 4.0 and the tapping temperature to be equal to or greater than 1600 ℃, and then treating by using a wind crushing treatment line to obtain granulated steel slag; the wind crushing treatment line comprises a slag inlet unit, a granulating unit and a slag taking unit, wherein the slag inlet unit sends high-temperature steel slag into the granulating unit for granulating, and the slag taking unit collects the steel slag granulated by the granulating unit; the granulating unit comprises at least one air granulator, at least one water granulator and a slag tank, wherein cooling water is filled in the slag tank and is used for sequentially laminating the air granulator and the water granulator at a feed inlet of the slag tank, the air granulator sprays air to high-temperature steel slag, and the water granulator sprays water to the high-temperature steel slag. The invention realizes the adaptability of judging the steelmaking high-temperature steel slag and the wind crushing treatment process, and improves the wind crushing treatment efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of resources, and particularly relates to a high-temperature steel slag wind-crushing process.
Background
The steel slag is a steel-making byproduct, and accounts for about 10% of the steel yield, and the properties of the steel slag, particularly the high-temperature properties such as viscosity, fluidity and the like, are related to the temperature, components, mineral composition and the like, and the high-temperature properties of the steel slag have great influence on the selection of the steel slag granulating mode and granulating effect. The treatment and utilization of steel slag are not only environmental problems but also resource problems. The precondition for realizing the recycling of the steel slag is how to realize the cooling and granulating of the high-temperature steel slag, namely, the primary treatment of the steel slag, and the recycling of the steel slag is realized by processing the steel slag into materials with different purposes after the cooling and granulating of the high-temperature steel slag, namely, the secondary processing and the utilization of the steel slag.
At present, the primary treatment technology of steel slag of iron and steel enterprises at home and abroad mainly comprises a hot-closed method, a roller method, a wind crushing method and a hot splashing method. The steel slag wind crushing treatment process is to utilize high-speed airflow to impact and cut liquid steel slag flow, so that the liquid steel slag flow is dispersed and granulated into fine liquid drops, and the fine liquid drops are cooled into solid spherical wind crushed slag. The wind slag has fine and uniform granularity, is generally smaller than 5mm, and is mainly used for returning to sintering and utilizing by iron and steel enterprises, and part of the wind slag is used as building materials.
In the practical production practice process, as the steel slag wind-break treatment process has higher requirements on the fluidity of the steel slag, the detection and analysis of the fluidity cannot realize online real-time detection, when the slag is discharged from a converter, the theoretical basis and technical support are lacking for whether the steel slag is suitable for wind-break treatment, more time depends on experience operation, and a lot of uncertainty exists, and the fluidity of the steel slag is judged by experience in many times, so that the treatment rate in the wind-break treatment process is low and is less than 50%, and most of the steel slag needs to be treated by other modes. Therefore, the production organization is affected, in addition, the granularity of the crushed steel slag is small and uniform and is generally smaller than 5mm, and iron and steel enterprises return to sinter and utilize part of the flux by using the crushed steel slag, so that the P in the molten iron is enriched.
The application number is 200810020597.0, and the application publication date is: in the patent of 9/10/2008, high-temperature liquid steel slag wind crushing and water cooling granulation method, device and granulated steel slag and application thereof, the high-speed compressed air flow sprayed by a granulator is used for granulating the liquid steel slag flowing out of a tundish in the air, the granulated steel slag is suspended in a water tank for cooling, the pressure of the compressed air is controlled to be 0.59-0.70 MPa, and the superheat degree of the liquid steel slag is controlled to be more than 110 ℃. The granulating device comprises a tundish, a granulator and a water tank, and is characterized in that a tundish rapid heating device is arranged near the granulator, and a compressed air pressure automatic display device is connected to a compressed air pipeline. Firstly, the technical scheme of the invention cannot control the superheat degree of the steel slag in real production above 110 ℃, and because the superheat degree is the difference between the temperature and the melting point of the steel slag, the temperature of the steel slag and the difference are difficult to obtain in the real production, especially the melting point of the steel slag needs to be analyzed off line after sampling, the waiting time is long, and the fluidity is reduced due to the decrease of the temperature of the high-temperature steel slag during the period, so that whether the steel slag is suitable for wind crushing treatment is difficult to realize in practice is determined through the superheat degree control, and the production cannot be guided accordingly; secondly, the technical proposal of the invention proposes that the rapid temperature rising device of the tundish is arranged near the granulator, so that the treatment cost and the energy consumption are increased, and the dust emission is increased; thirdly, the technical scheme adopts compressed air to granulate high-temperature steel slag, which can lead to oxidation of metallic iron in the steel slag and reduce the recovery of the metallic iron in the steel slag; finally, the technical scheme of the invention provides the method for preparing concrete by directly feeding the granulated steel slag, and the problem of high aggregate mud content exists.
The application number is 202010861108.5, and the application publication date is: the patent of the production line for granulating liquid steel slag by wind quenching and 24 days 11 months 2020 discloses a production process of the production line for granulating liquid steel slag by wind quenching, which is characterized in that a compressed air source directly acts on a supersonic gas injector in a granulator through an air pipeline, so that the air flow can collect and quench the liquid steel slag, the processing process is optimized, the optimal working position is found to realize the ideal granulating effect of the liquid steel slag by adding the adjustment of the granulator before wind quenching and granulating, and a spray pipe washes smoke dust to a certain extent, and then the smoke enters an exhaust purification tower for further filtration and purification. The technical scheme of the invention only describes the operation mode of the steel slag air quenching granulating production line, does not consider whether the self-performance of the steel slag has the air quenching treatment condition or not, and does not relate to the use of the granulated steel slag.
The application number is 202011271875.7, and the application publication date is: 2021, 4 and 2, wherein the converter steel slag is secondarily heated by an alloy melting furnace, and then treated by a wind quenching technology. The technical scheme of the invention mainly aims at the steel slag with poor fluidity to carry out secondary heating by adopting an alloy melting furnace, and has the defects of not solving the problems of good fluidity and poor evaluation standard, and increasing the energy consumption by secondary heating and affecting the steel slag treatment efficiency.
The application number is 202111097064.4, and the application publication date is: the patent of 2021, 12 months and 14 days, is a high-temperature steel slag air quenching granulation heat recovery system, which comprises a heat recovery workshop, a waste heat boiler, a jaw crusher and a rotary cooling cylinder, wherein the heat recovery workshop comprises a tipping table, a heat recovery bed and a baffle, a supersonic nozzle is arranged below the tipping table, a high-pressure fan is arranged at the bottom of the heat recovery bed, a jaw crusher is arranged at the tail part of the heat recovery bed, a rotary cooling cylinder is arranged at the downstream of the jaw crusher, a cooling water pipe is arranged at the circumferential side of the outer wall of the rotary cooling cylinder, and cooling water is connected into the cooling water pipe. The technical scheme of the invention mainly aims at recovering sensible heat of steel slag, only describes that the steel slag is crushed and granulated by forming a supersonic jet through a supersonic nozzle, and the heat exchange is carried out between cold air and the steel slag, so that the problems of adaptability of the steel slag performance to wind crushing and granulating effect are not considered, and the utilization problem of the granulated steel slag is not considered.
The application number is 202111647829.7, and the application publication date is: the air quenching system comprises a steelmaking furnace, slag tanks, a rail, a steel slag carrier vehicle, an operation chamber, an electric control chamber, a rotating platform, a transition chute, a movable chute and an air quenching blanking area, wherein the steel slag carrier vehicle comprises two slag tanks, two slag tank tilting plates and a frame, the front end of the rail is communicated with the steelmaking furnace, the rear end of the rail is provided with the rotating platform, the rotating platform is provided with the transition chute, the movable chute is arranged below the tail end of the transition chute, two sides of the movable chute are respectively the heavy slag blanking area and the tail slag blanking area, and the steel slag at the transition chute is conveyed to the heavy slag blanking area or the tail slag blanking area through the movable chute through the translation of the movable chute. The technical scheme of the invention mainly focuses on improving the running efficiency of the steel slag wind quenching system, reducing the equipment loss and the like, and does not consider the problems of the performance of steel slag and the adaptability of a wind crushing process and the utilization of granulated steel slag.
At present, the literature on the aspects of steel slag wind quenching or wind crushing treatment mainly has the following defects that firstly, most of related literature focuses on innovative optimization of wind crushing treatment devices and equipment systems, and the problem of adaptability of steel slag performance and wind crushing treatment is solved by considering the high requirement of a steel slag wind crushing process on steel slag fluidity; secondly, part of the literature mentions the steel slag performance claims, but the claim contents are difficult to apply to guiding practice in actual production; thirdly, the problems of increasing energy consumption and affecting the treatment efficiency of the steel slag are solved by improving the fluidity of the steel slag through the technical means of temperature rising, heating and melting and the like in the claims of part of literature; fourth, the granularity characteristics of the granulated steel slag are not fully considered, and the granulated steel slag is not considered in the aspect of utilization, or the granulated steel slag is returned to be sintered and utilized in a relatively rough way or is used as concrete, building materials and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the aspect of the conventional steel slag wind crushing treatment, the invention provides a high-temperature steel slag wind crushing process, and the steel slag wind crushing treatment technology is operated more efficiently, stably, safely and environmentally-friendly in practical application by optimizing and improving the steel slag wind crushing and granulating process.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The high temperature steel slag wind and particle process includes the following steps: before slag discharge in steelmaking, controlling total oxygen content (TO) of 400ppm or more in the steelmaking end point steel, and binary alkalinity (w CaO /w SiO2 The ratio, W for short) is less than or equal to 4.0, and the tapping temperature (T for short) is less than or equal to 1600 ℃, and when the 3 index requirements are met, the furnace steel slag can be treated by using a wind crushing treatment line to obtain granulated steel slag; the granulated steel slag is graded and utilized according to different grain sizes.
Further, the steel slag meeting the requirements is transferred to a wind crushing treatment line for treatment through a slag pot, and the time from the end of slag discharge of the converter to the start of wind crushing treatment is controlled to be no more than 30 minutes.
Further, the wind crushing treatment line comprises a slag inlet unit, a granulating unit and a slag taking unit, wherein the slag inlet unit sends high-temperature steel slag into the granulating unit for granulating, and the slag taking unit collects the steel slag granulated by the granulating unit; the granulating unit comprises at least one air granulator, at least one water granulator and a slag pool, the high-temperature steel slag is granulated into liquid drops under the combined action of the air granulator and the water granulator, in particular, the air granulator is used for cutting liquid slag flow into small liquid drops through air, and simultaneously, the liquid slag flow uniformly falls into the slag pool, and the water granulator is used for strengthening the cooling of the liquid drops, accelerating the solidification of the liquid drops and simultaneously playing a role of cooling and reducing the temperature of the chute; the slag pool is used for receiving the granulated steel slag, cooling water is filled in the slag pool, and the high-temperature steel slag granulated into liquid drops falls into the slag pool to be rapidly cooled into slag particles; the air granulator and the water granulator are sequentially arranged at the feed inlet of the slag pool in a stacked mode, the air granulator sprays air to high-temperature steel slag, and the water granulator sprays water to the high-temperature steel slag.
Further, the air pressure of the air shot by the air shot device is 0.5-0.75 MPa, so that the pressure of the compressed air is enough to realize that the liquid slag flow is 'gas-cut' into small liquid drops in the falling process of the slag flow, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that large slag blocks fall into a water tank to cause ringing and explosion caused by too low pressure or slag particles are directly shot onto a steel retaining wall above the slag tank caused by too high pressure can be avoided, and the retaining wall is deformed or even broken; the water pressure of the water jet of the water granulator is 0.2-0.4 MPa, so that the cooling effect on liquid drops and a chute is ensured, and the air granulating effect and the distribution of slag particles are not influenced.
Further, two groups of vertical air nozzles, a group of first transverse air nozzles and two groups of second transverse air nozzles which are communicated with compressed air are arranged on the nozzle of the air granulator; the two groups of vertical air nozzles are respectively formed by vertically arranging a plurality of air nozzles; the first transverse air jet and the second transverse air jet are formed by transversely arranging a plurality of air jet holes, wherein the first transverse air jet is positioned between two groups of vertical air jets, and the two groups of second transverse air jets are respectively arranged above and below the first transverse air jet in parallel; preferably, the gas jet hole apertures of the vertical gas jet, the first transverse gas jet and the second transverse gas jet are 4mm. The nozzle arrangement of the air granulator is obtained through simulation and optimization, and compared with similar granulators, the air granulator is mainly characterized in that two groups of second transverse air nozzles are added, and the fact that the middle part is a region with higher slag flow density is mainly considered, and the upper group of nozzles and the lower group of nozzles are added in the region, so that air granulation strengthening can be increased, and granulation effect is improved.
Further, a plurality of water spray ports are transversely arranged on the nozzle of the water granulator, and each water spray port is communicated with a water source; preferably, the water jet of the water granulator has a bore diameter of 3mm.
Further, the spacing distance between adjacent gas injection holes of the second transverse gas injection port is greater than the spacing distance between adjacent gas injection holes of the first transverse gas injection port.
Further, the spacing distance between the adjacent gas injection holes of the second transverse gas injection port is equal to the diameter of one gas injection hole.
Further, the slag inlet unit comprises a slag pot, a tilting mechanism and a tundish, the slag pot is rotatably connected to the tilting mechanism, the tundish is installed above the slag pool, a slag hole is formed in the side wall of the tundish, the slag hole faces the slag pool, an inclined impact plate is arranged in the tundish, one side of the impact plate, close to the slag hole, is lower than one side, far away from the slag hole, and the inclined angle of the impact plate is preferably 45-60 degrees; when the slag ladle is in operation, the slag ladle filled with the high-temperature steel slag is rotated by the tilting mechanism to pour the high-temperature steel slag into the tundish, the high-temperature steel slag is beaten on the impact plate and flows out of the slag hole through the drainage of the impact plate, and the high-temperature steel slag flows into the slag pond after being granulated by the granulating unit. Preferably, when the tipping mechanism is tipped over, the tipping angle is controlled to be 115-125 degrees, so that the slag flow speed is controlled to be 2-4 t/min, the liquid slag flow is better granulated, and the problems of unsatisfactory granulating effect, tundish storage and the like caused by solidification of liquid slag in a slag pot and a tundish due to too slow slag flow speed or caused by too fast slag flow are avoided.
Further, the slag taking unit comprises a bucket extraction slag machine and a feed bin, wherein the bucket extraction slag machine stretches into the bottom of the slag pool and comprises a chain plate machine and a plurality of slag buckets connected to the chain plate machine, each slag bucket is a container with water leakage holes on the surface, the slag buckets are sent to the bottom of the slag pool through the chain plate machine, and the granulated steel slag is fished out under the drive of the chain plate machine and finally sent to the feed bin. Preferably, the operation speed of a slag hopper in the hopper extraction slag machine is controlled to be 0.2-0.3 m/s, so that the steel slag can be timely discharged from the bottom of the slag pool, and the phenomenon that the slag is hardened and even the slag pool is slaked due to slag accumulation at the bottom of the slag pool is avoided.
Further, the slag taking unit also comprises a conveyor, and the granulated steel slag taken out from the slag pool by the bucket extraction slag machine is conveyed into the storage bin for collection through the top of the bucket extraction slag machine.
Further, the wind crushing treatment line further comprises a water circulation unit, the water circulation unit comprises a sedimentation tank and a circulation water tank, the sedimentation tank is used for containing cooling water in the slag tank, after sedimentation, steel slag sediments are arranged below the sedimentation tank, cooling water above the sedimentation tank is introduced into the circulation water tank, fresh water is introduced into the circulation water tank, and the cooling water in the circulation water tank is pumped into the slag tank, so that water change of the slag tank is realized.
Further, the circulating water tank supplies water to the water granulator.
Further, the wind crushing treatment line further comprises an emptying unit, wherein the emptying unit is arranged above the slag bath, the emptying unit comprises a fan and a chimney, and the fan is used for sucking gas on the liquid surface of the slag bath and discharging the gas from the chimney.
Further, the evacuation unit is further provided with an explosion-proof device, the explosion-proof device is a pressure relief valve and is used for preventing the risk that local pressure rise occurs when the air pressure in the granulating unit is overlarge, the limit value of the pressure relief valve is set to be 0.2MPa, and when the pressure above the granulating unit is greater than 0.2MPa, the pressure relief valve is automatically opened to realize pressure relief.
Further, the steel slag treated by the wind crushing treatment line, namely the steel slag granulated in the storage bin 33, has the grain size smaller than or equal to 5mm, and is screened into three types of grain sizes of 3-5 mm, 1-3 mm and 0-1 mm, wherein 3-5 mm is used for replacing broken stone, 1-3 mm is used for replacing yellow sand and 0-1 mm is used for producing steel slag micro powder.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the implementation effect produced by the method of the invention is as follows:
(1) According to the invention, through analyzing a large amount of data in the production practice of wind crushing treatment of the steel slag, aiming at the research on the relation between the steel slag performance and the wind crushing treatment proportion, the wind crushing technology combines the research on the relation between key parameters such as the tapping temperature of the end point of a converter, the total oxygen content in the steel, the binary alkalinity of the steel slag and the like and the steel slag performance, and carries out a large amount of practical exploration and summarization on the key technical parameters influencing the wind crushing treatment effect, so that a method for solving the adaptability of the steel slag performance and the wind crushing treatment technology is provided for the first time; the adaptability of judging the steelmaking high-temperature steel slag and the wind crushing treatment process is realized, and the wind crushing treatment efficiency is improved; the grain size of the granulated steel slag treated by the wind-crushing and granulating process is less than or equal to 5mm, and a new utilization mode is provided aiming at the performance characteristics of steel slag with different grain sizes, so that the more scientific and efficient utilization of the wind-crushing steel slag is realized;
(2) The wind crushing and granulating process optimizes the wind crushing treatment line, improves the automatic operation level of the wind crushing treatment line, solves the problems of steam emission and explosion prevention in the production process, and simultaneously realizes the recycling of the water in the wind crushing treatment line system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wind crushing treatment line used in the wind crushing process of the high-temperature steel slag;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a tundish in the wind break treatment line of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the air injection holes on the nozzles of the air granulator in the wind crushing treatment line of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of water jets on the nozzles of the water granulator in the wind break treatment line of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a bucket extractor in a wind break processing line according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slag hopper on a hopper extraction slag machine in a wind crushing treatment line of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the face with the sieve holes of the slag hopper on the slag extractor in the wind crushing treatment line;
in the figure:
1. a slag inlet unit; 11. a slag pot; 12. a tipping mechanism; 13. a tundish; 131. a slag outlet; 132. an impingement plate; 2. a granulating unit; 21. an air granulator; 211. a vertical air jet; 212. a first lateral gas jet; 213. a second transverse jet; 22. a water granulator; 221. a water jet; 23. a slag pool; 24. compressed air; 3. a slag taking unit; 31. a bucket extracting slag machine; 311. chain plate machine; 312. a slag bucket; 3121. a connecting ring; 32. a conveyor; 33. a storage bin; 4. a water circulation unit; 41. a sedimentation tank; 42. a circulating water tank; 5. an evacuation unit; 51. a blower; 52. a chimney; 53. an explosion-proof device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a high-temperature steel slag wind granulating process, which comprises the following steps: before slag discharge in steelmaking, controlling total oxygen content (TO) of 400ppm or more in the steelmaking end point steel, and binary alkalinity (w CaO /w SiO2 The ratio, W) is less than or equal TO 4.0, the tapping temperature (T) is less than or equal TO 1600 ℃, the total oxygen content TO, the final slag binary alkalinity W and the tapping temperature in the final steel reach the index T mainly according TO the requirement in steel making steel so as TO meet the final form of slag formed by the requirement in the steel, part of the end indexes of the steel grade can directly meet the requirement, part of the steel grade is not met, and the oxidation of the slag can be improved by oxygen blowingSex. When the 3 index requirements are met, the furnace steel slag can be treated by a wind crushing treatment line to obtain granulated steel slag; the granulated steel slag is graded and utilized according to different grain diameters: the powder is sieved to three kinds of particles with the particle size of 3-5 mm, 1-3 mm and 0-1 mm, wherein 3-5 mm is used for replacing broken stone, 1-3 mm is used for replacing yellow sand and 0-1 mm is used for producing steel slag micropowder.
The wind crushing treatment line related to the wind crushing technology of the high-temperature steel slag comprises a slag inlet unit 1, a granulating unit 2 and a slag taking unit 3, and is characterized in that a gas granulator 21 and a water granulator 22 are adopted in the granulating unit 2 to stack slag flows of the high-temperature steel slag fed by the slag inlet unit 1 in sequence, the slag flows are firstly cut into small liquid drops through gas, and then the liquid drops are cooled through water spraying strengthening liquid drops, so that solidification of the small liquid drops is accelerated. Before granulation, the slag inlet unit 1 pre-cools the height Wen Zhaliu by providing buffering of the tundish 13, namely, an inclined impact plate 132 in the tundish 13, on the one hand by buffering the impact force of slag flow, and on the other hand, enables high-temperature steel slag to flow into the granulating unit 2 by drainage of the impact plate 132. After being processed by the granulating unit 2, the slag is conveniently and continuously taken out and simultaneously collected by the structural design of the slag taking unit 3. Of course, the wind crushing treatment line of the invention is also provided with a water circulation unit 4 and an evacuation unit 5, the water circulation unit 4 is used for changing the cooling water in the granulating unit 2, the evacuation unit 5 is used for evacuating and decompressing high-temperature steam and high-pressure gas in the granulating process of the granulating unit 2, and an explosion-proof device 53 is arranged for preventing the gas explosion of the granulating unit 2.
The wind crushing treatment line in the specific embodiment is an optimal scheme of the invention, and is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a slag inlet unit 1, a granulating unit 2, a slag taking unit 3, a water circulation unit 4 and an emptying unit 5:
the slag inlet unit 1 comprises a slag pot 11, a tilting mechanism 12 and a tundish 13, wherein the slag pot 11 is rotatably connected to the tilting mechanism 12, the tilting mechanism 12 consists of a pair of brackets, supporting rods at two ends of the slag pot 11 are arranged on the brackets of the tilting mechanism 12, the bottom of the slag pot 11 is connected with a pull rope, the rotation and the rotation angle of the slag pot 11 on the brackets are realized through the pull rope, and high-temperature steel slag in the slag pot 11 is controlled to flow out of the tundish 13 at a speed of 2-4 t/min. The bottom of one side of the tundish 13 close to the granulating unit 2 is provided with a slag outlet 131, and the slag outlet 131 is arranged downwards, namely towards the inlet of the granulating unit 2; the inside impact plate 132 that sets up the slope of middle package 13, the one side that is close to slag notch 131 of impact plate 132 is less than the one side that impact plate 132 kept away from slag notch 131 promptly, and the inclination between preferred impact plate 132 and the middle package 13 bottom is 45 ~ 60, is favorable to playing the cushioning effect to high temperature slag sediment velocity of flow on the one hand, plays drainage discharge's effect to the high temperature slag in the middle package 13 on the other hand.
The granulating unit 2 is provided with at least a pair of air and water granulating devices 21, 22 which are stacked in this order from top to bottom, and a slag bath 23 below the granulating devices:
the nozzle of the air granulator 21 has an air hole diameter of 4mm and has a special arrangement: two groups of vertical air nozzles 211, a group of first transverse air nozzles 212 and two groups of second transverse air nozzles 213 which are all communicated with compressed air 24 are arranged: the two groups of vertical air nozzles 211 are respectively composed of 7 air nozzles and are respectively arranged at two sides of the nozzle; the first horizontal air jet 212 is formed by arranging 32 air jet holes transversely on the nozzle, and meanwhile, the first horizontal air jet 212 is arranged centrally between two groups of vertical air jet 211; the two groups of second transverse air nozzles 213 are respectively arranged above and below the first transverse air nozzle 212 in parallel and in the middle, namely 5 air nozzles are respectively arranged above and below the first transverse air nozzle 212 at a distance of one air nozzle in the middle, and one air nozzle is arranged between the air nozzles.
The water granulator 22 is placed under the air granulator 21, and 32 water jets 221 are arranged laterally on the nozzle, and the aperture of the water jets 221 is 3mm.
The slag bath 23 is filled with cooling water, and the high-temperature steel slag granulated into liquid drops falls into the slag bath 23 to be rapidly cooled into slag particles, wherein the particle size of the slag particles is less than or equal to 5mm.
The slag extractor unit 3 includes a bucket extractor 31 inserted into the bottom of the slag bath 23, a conveyor 32 receiving slag particles extracted by the bucket extractor 31, and a bin 33 collecting the slag particles on the conveyor 32. The bucket extraction slag machine 31 consists of a chain plate machine 311 and a plurality of slag buckets 312 connected to the chain plate machine 311, and the running speed of the slag buckets 312 is controlled to be 0.2-0.3 m/s, wherein a connecting ring 3121 is arranged on the slag buckets 312, and the slag buckets 312 are fixedly connected to the chain plate machine 311 through the connecting ring 3121; while at least one surface of the slag hopper 312 is provided with mesh openings for filtering water. The conveyor 32 is disposed below the highest point of the bucket extractor 31 for carrying slag particles within the slag bucket 312. A silo 33 is provided at the end of the conveyor 32 for collecting slag particles conveyed by the conveyor 32. The chain plate machine 311 drives the slag hopper 312 to enter the bottom of the slag pool 23 to take out the granulated slag particles, the granulated slag particles are conveyed to the top of the chain plate machine 311, and then the slag particles are poured onto the conveyor 32 and conveyed to the storage bin 33 by the conveyor 32 to be collected and used.
The water circulation unit 4 comprises a sedimentation tank 41 and a circulating water tank 42, wherein the sedimentation tank 41 is used for receiving cooling water overflowed from the slag tank 23, after the overflowed cooling water is precipitated by the sedimentation tank 41, cooling water at the upper part is introduced into the circulating water tank 42, meanwhile, fresh water is introduced into the circulating water tank 42, and the cooling water in the circulating water tank 42 is communicated and pumped into the granulating unit 2 for use, namely, on one hand, the water in the circulating water tank 42 is a water supply source of the water granulator 22, and on the other hand, the water in the circulating water tank 42 is pumped into the slag tank 23 for supplementing the fresh water, so that the circulation of the cooling water is realized.
The evacuation unit 5 is arranged above the slag bath 23, and is provided with a fan 51 and a chimney 52, wherein the fan 51 is used for sucking steam and other gases of the granulating unit 2 and discharging the steam and other gases through the chimney 52; an explosion-proof device 53, namely a pressure relief valve, is further arranged, and the limit value of the pressure relief valve is set to be 0.2MPa, namely when the pressure above the granulating unit 2 is greater than 0.2MPa, the pressure relief valve is automatically opened to realize pressure relief, so that potential safety hazards caused by overlarge air pressure in the granulating unit 2 are prevented.
The operation mode of the wind crushing treatment line is as follows: high-temperature steel slag meeting the wind crushing treatment condition is lifted to a tilting mechanism 12 through a slag pot 11, before tilting, the compressed air 24 is confirmed to be opened, the water circulation unit 4 is normal, the air granulator 21 and the water granulator 22 normally spray air and water mist, the fan 51 and the bucket extractor 31 are confirmed to be in a working state, the slag pot 11 is tilted, the slag flows through a tundish 13 and flows into the upper part of a slag pool 23, the slag flows are granulated into liquid drops under the action of the air granulator 21 and the water granulator 22, the liquid drops fall into the slag pool 23 and are rapidly cooled into slag granules, and the slag granules are fished out by the bucket extractor 31 and then are conveyed to a storage bin 33 for standby through a conveyor 32. In the treatment process, fresh water is fed into the circulating water tank 42, cooling water is fed into the slag tank 23 through the circulating water tank 42, cooling water is fed into the water granulator 22, the slag tank 23 overflows back to the sedimentation tank 41, and the sedimentation tank 41 overflows into the circulating water tank 42 through sedimentation. When the wind break treatment line is abnormal, namely the pressure in the slag bath 23 is too high, the explosion-proof device 53 is automatically opened, and during normal operation, steam and other gases are exhausted through the chimney 52 after being exhausted through the fan 51.
The following are examples and comparative examples of specific air break granulation processes using the air break treatment line described above to control various parameters.
Example 1
At the end of the converter, the total oxygen content in the steel is 434ppm, the binary alkalinity W=3.5 of the final slag, the tapping temperature is 1657 ℃, the time interval from the end of slag discharge to the start of wind crushing treatment is 18 minutes, the net weight of high-temperature steel slag in a slag pot is 28t, the wind crushing treatment line is used for treatment, wherein the slag flow velocity is about 3.1t/min on average, the pressure of compressed air sprayed in the air granulator 21 is 0.51-0.62 MPa, the water pressure sprayed in the water granulator 22 is 0.22MPa, and the running speed of a slag hopper 312 of the bucket extractor 31 is 0.30m/s. When the tilting angle of the tilting mechanism 12 is 120 degrees and the slag flow does not flow out any more, the weight of the residual slag in the slag tank 11 is 5 tons, the treatment proportion is 82.1 percent, 5kg slag samples are taken and dried and then pass through 5mm sieves, 3mm sieves and 1mm sieves respectively, the 5mm sieves account for 0.6 percent of 3-5 mm, the 1-3 mm accounts for 36.4 percent of 1-3 mm and the 0-1 mm accounts for 56 percent of the 5mm sieves.
Example 2
At the end of the converter, the total oxygen content in the steel is 557ppm, the final slag binary alkalinity W=3.6, the tapping temperature is 1648 ℃, the time interval from the end of slag discharge to the start of wind crushing treatment is 23 minutes, the net weight of high-temperature steel slag in a slag pot is 30t, the wind crushing treatment line is used for treatment, wherein the slag flow rate is about 3.5t/min on average, the pressure of compressed air sprayed from the air granulator 21 is 0.53-0.67 MPa, the water pressure sprayed from the water granulator 22 is 0.26MPa, and the operation speed of a slag hopper 312 of the bucket extraction slag machine 31 is 0.28m/s. When the tilting angle of the tilting mechanism 12 is 115 degrees and the slag flow does not flow out any more, the weight of the residual slag in the slag tank 11 is 3 tons, the treatment proportion is 90 percent, 5kg slag sample is taken and dried and then passes through 5mm sieves, 3mm sieves and 1mm sieves, the 5mm sieve upper proportion is 0.4 percent, the 3-5 mm proportion is 5.4 percent, the 1-3 mm proportion is 31.5 percent, and the 0-1 mm proportion is 63.1 percent.
Example 3
At the end of the converter, the total oxygen content in the steel is 543ppm, the binary alkalinity W=3.4 of the final slag, the tapping temperature is 1637 ℃, the time interval from the end of slag discharge to the start of wind crushing treatment is 21 minutes, the net weight of high-temperature steel slag in a slag tank is 30t, the wind crushing treatment line is used for treatment, wherein the slag flow velocity is about 3.6t/min on average, the pressure of compressed air sprayed from the air granulator 21 is 0.55-0.73 MPa, the water pressure sprayed from the water granulator 22 is 0.28MPa, and the operation speed of a slag hopper 312 of the bucket extractor 31 is 0.30m/s. When the tilting angle of the tilting mechanism 12 is 120 degrees and the slag flow does not flow out any more, the weight of the residual slag in the slag tank 11 is 2 tons, the treatment proportion is 93.3 percent, 5kg slag samples are taken and dried and then pass through 5mm sieves, 3mm sieves and 1mm sieves respectively, the 5mm sieves account for 0.8 percent of 3-5 mm, the 1-3 mm accounts for 29.7 percent of 1-3 mm and the 0-1 mm accounts for 65.5 percent of the total weight of the slag.
Example 4
At the end of the converter, the total oxygen content in the steel is 615ppm, the binary alkalinity W=3.2 of the final slag, the tapping temperature is 1653 ℃, the time interval from the end of slag discharge to the start of wind crushing treatment is 19 minutes, the net weight of high-temperature steel slag in a slag pot is 29t, the wind crushing treatment line is used for treatment, wherein the slag flow velocity is about 3.6t/min on average, the pressure of compressed air sprayed in the air granulator 21 is 0.55-0.65 MPa, the water pressure sprayed in the water granulator 22 is 0.24MPa, and the running speed of a slag hopper 312 of the bucket extractor 31 is 0.30m/s. When the tilting angle of the tilting mechanism 12 is 125 degrees and the slag flow does not flow out any more, the weight of the residual slag in the slag tank 11 is 0 ton, the treatment proportion is 100 percent, 5kg slag sample is taken and dried and then passes through 5mm sieves, 3mm sieves and 1mm sieves respectively, the 5mm sieve accounts for 0.3 percent, the 3-5 mm accounts for 5.3 percent, the 1-3 mm accounts for 26.4 percent and the 0-1 mm accounts for 68.3 percent.
Comparative example 1
At the end of the converter, the total oxygen content in the steel is 320ppm, the final slag binary alkalinity W=3.6, the tapping temperature is 1624 ℃, the time interval from the end of slag discharge to the start of wind crushing treatment is 20 minutes, the net weight of high-temperature steel slag in a slag tank is 28t, the wind crushing treatment line is used for treatment, wherein the slag flow velocity is about 2.4t/min on average, the pressure of compressed air sprayed from the air granulator 21 is 0.52-0.63 MPa, the water pressure sprayed from the water granulator 22 is 0.25MPa, and the running speed of a slag hopper 312 of the bucket extractor 31 is 0.3m/s. When the tilting angle of the tilting mechanism 12 is 125 degrees and the slag flow does not flow out any more, the weight of the residual slag in the slag tank 11 is 18 tons, the treatment proportion is 35.7 percent, 5kg slag sample is taken and dried and then passes through 5mm sieves, 3mm sieves and 1mm sieves, the 5mm sieves account for 5.9 percent, the 3-5 mm accounts for 12.7 percent, the 1-3 mm accounts for 35.6 percent and the 0-1 mm accounts for 45.8 percent.
Comparative example 2
At the end of the converter, the total oxygen content in the steel is 436ppm, the final slag binary alkalinity W=4.6, the tapping temperature is 1634 ℃, the time interval from the end of slag discharge to the start of wind crushing treatment is 23 minutes, the net weight of high-temperature steel slag in a slag tank is 29t, the wind crushing treatment line is used for treatment, wherein the slag flow velocity is about 2.5t/min on average, the pressure of compressed air sprayed from the air granulator 21 is 0.55-0.71 MPa, the water pressure sprayed from the water granulator 22 is 0.31MPa, and the running speed of a slag hopper 312 of the bucket extractor 31 is 0.28m/s. When the tilting angle of the tilting mechanism 12 is 130 degrees and the slag flow does not flow out any more, the weight of the residual slag in the slag tank 11 is 18 tons, the treatment proportion is 37.9 percent, 5kg slag samples are taken and dried and then pass through 5mm sieves, 3mm sieves and 1mm sieves respectively, the 5mm sieves account for 6.2 percent, the 3-5 mm accounts for 13.5 percent, the 1-3 mm accounts for 32.4 percent and the 0-1 mm accounts for 47.9 percent.
Comparative example 3
At the end of the converter, the total oxygen content in the steel is 496ppm, the final slag binary alkalinity W=3.8, the tapping temperature is 1594 ℃, the time interval from the end of slag discharge to the start of wind crushing treatment is 19 minutes, the net weight of high-temperature steel slag in a slag tank is 27t, the wind crushing treatment line is used for treatment, wherein the slag flow velocity is about 2.7t/min on average, the pressure of compressed air sprayed in the air granulator 21 is 0.54-0.70 MPa, the water pressure sprayed in the water granulator 22 is 0.30MPa, and the operation speed of a slag hopper 312 of the bucket extractor 31 is 0.26m/s. When the tilting angle of the tilting mechanism 12 is 120 degrees and the slag flow does not flow out any more, the weight of the residual slag in the slag tank 11 is 19 tons, the treatment proportion is 29.6 percent, 5kg slag samples are taken and dried and then pass through 5mm sieves, 3mm sieves and 1mm sieves respectively, the 5mm sieves account for 7.6 percent, the 3-5 mm accounts for 14.5 percent, the 1-3 mm accounts for 31.2 percent and the 0-1 mm accounts for 46.7 percent.
Comparative example 4
At the end of the converter, the total oxygen content in the steel is 459ppm, the final slag binary alkalinity W=3.7, the tapping temperature is 1640 ℃, the time interval from the end of slag discharge to the start of wind crushing treatment is 38 minutes, the net weight of high-temperature steel slag in a slag pot is 28t, the wind crushing treatment line is used for treatment, wherein the slag flow rate is about 2.8t/min on average, the pressure of compressed air sprayed from the air granulator 21 is 0.52-0.65 MPa, the water pressure sprayed from the water granulator 22 is 0.33MPa, and the operation speed of a slag hopper 312 of the bucket extraction slag machine 31 is 0.30m/s. When the tilting angle of the tilting mechanism 12 is 130 degrees and the slag flow does not flow out any more, the residual slag in the slag tank 11 weighs 16 tons, the treatment proportion is 42.9 percent, 5kg slag sample is taken and dried and then passes through 5mm sieves, 3mm sieves and 1mm sieves respectively, the 5mm sieves account for 3.4 percent, the 3-5 mm accounts for 8.6 percent, the 1-3 mm accounts for 36.8 percent and the 0-1 mm accounts for 51.2 percent.
The examples of the present invention are merely for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should make various changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-temperature steel slag wind and particle process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: before steelmaking slag tapping, controlling the total oxygen content in the steelmaking end-point steel to be equal to or greater than 400ppm, the final slag binary alkalinity to be equal to or less than 4.0 and the tapping temperature to be equal to or greater than 1600 ℃, and then treating by utilizing a wind crushing treatment line to obtain the granulated steel slag.
2. The high temperature steel slag wind-break process according to claim 1, wherein: the time from the end of slag discharge of the converter to the start of the wind crushing treatment is not more than 30 minutes.
3. The high temperature steel slag wind-break process according to claim 2, wherein: the wind crushing treatment line comprises a slag feeding unit (1), a granulating unit (2) and a slag taking unit (3), wherein the slag feeding unit (1) feeds high-temperature steel slag into the granulating unit (2) for granulating, and the slag taking unit (3) collects the steel slag granulated by the granulating unit (2); the granulating unit (2) comprises at least one air granulator (21), at least one water granulator (22) and a slag tank (23), wherein cooling water is filled in the slag tank (23) and is used for sequentially laminating and arranging the air granulator (21) and the water granulator (22) at a feed inlet of the slag tank (23), the air granulator (21) sprays air to high-temperature steel slag, and the water granulator (22) sprays water to the high-temperature steel slag.
4. A high temperature steel slag wind-break process according to claim 3, wherein: the air pressure of the air sprayed by the air granulator (21) is 0.5-0.75 MPa; the water pressure of the water flow sprayed by the water granulator (22) is 0.2-0.4 MPa.
5. A high temperature steel slag wind-break process according to claim 3, wherein:
two groups of vertical air nozzles (211), a group of first transverse air nozzles (212) and two groups of second transverse air nozzles (213) which are communicated with compressed air (24) are arranged on the nozzle of the air granulator (21); the two groups of vertical air nozzles (211) are respectively formed by vertically arranging a plurality of air injection holes; the first transverse air jet (212) and the second transverse air jet (213) are formed by transversely arranging a plurality of air jet holes, wherein the first transverse air jet (212) is positioned between two groups of vertical air jets (211), and the two groups of second transverse air jets (213) are respectively arranged above and below the first transverse air jet (212) in parallel;
a plurality of water spray ports (221) are transversely arranged on the nozzles of the water granulator (22), and each water spray port (221) is communicated with a water source.
6. The process for granulating high-temperature steel slag as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the spacing distance between adjacent gas injection holes of the second transverse gas injection port (213) is greater than the spacing distance between adjacent gas injection holes of the first transverse gas injection port (212).
7. A high temperature steel slag wind-break process according to any one of claims 3, characterized in that: the slag inlet unit (1) comprises a slag pot (11), a tilting mechanism (12) and a tundish (13), the slag pot (11) is rotatably connected to the tilting mechanism (12), the tundish (13) is installed above the slag bath (23), a slag outlet (131) is formed in the side wall of the tundish (13), the slag outlet (131) faces the slag bath (23), an inclined impact plate (132) is arranged inside the tundish (13), one side, close to the slag outlet (131), of the impact plate (132) is lower than one side, far away from the slag outlet (131), of the slag pot (11), during operation, high-temperature steel slag is poured into the tundish (13) through rotation of the tilting mechanism (12), and flows out of the slag outlet (131) through drainage of the impact plate (132) after being granulated by the granulating unit (2).
8. A high temperature steel slag wind-break process according to any one of claims 3, characterized in that: the slag taking unit (3) comprises a bucket extraction slag machine (31) and a storage bin (33), wherein the bucket extraction slag machine (31) stretches into the bottom of the slag pool (23) and comprises a chain plate machine (311) and a plurality of slag buckets (312) connected to the chain plate machine (311), the slag buckets (312) are containers with water leakage holes on the surfaces, the slag buckets (312) are conveyed to the bottom of the slag pool (23) through the chain plate machine (311) and are driven by the chain plate machine (311) to drag out granulated steel slag, and finally conveyed into the storage bin (33).
9. The process for granulating high-temperature steel slag wind according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein: the wind crushing treatment line further comprises a water circulation unit (4), the water circulation unit (4) comprises a sedimentation tank (41) and a circulation water tank (42), the sedimentation tank (41) is used for containing cooling water in the slag tank (23), after sedimentation, steel slag sediment is arranged below the sedimentation tank (41), the cooling water above the sedimentation tank (41) is introduced into the circulation water tank (42), fresh water is introduced into the circulation water tank (42) simultaneously, and the cooling water in the circulation water tank (42) is pumped into the slag tank (23), so that water change of the slag tank (23) is realized.
10. The process for granulating high-temperature steel slag by wind according to claim 9, wherein: the wind crushing treatment line further comprises an emptying unit (5), the emptying unit (5) is arranged above the slag bath (23), the emptying unit (5) comprises a fan (51) and a chimney (52), and the fan (51) is used for sucking gas on the liquid surface of the slag bath (23) and discharging the gas from the chimney (52).
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