CN113215334B - Slag treatment system and method - Google Patents
Slag treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113215334B CN113215334B CN202110511743.5A CN202110511743A CN113215334B CN 113215334 B CN113215334 B CN 113215334B CN 202110511743 A CN202110511743 A CN 202110511743A CN 113215334 B CN113215334 B CN 113215334B
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
- C21B2400/024—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag with the direct use of steam or liquid coolants, e.g. water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
- C21B2400/026—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag using air, inert gases or removable conductive bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
- C21B2400/062—Jet nozzles or pressurised fluids for cooling, fragmenting or atomising slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
- C21B2400/066—Receptacle features where the slag is treated
- C21B2400/072—Tanks to collect the slag, e.g. water tank
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/08—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes with energy recovery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a slag treatment system and a slag treatment method, which belong to the technical field of slag treatment and comprise a granulation device, a cooling device, a granulation detection device, a waste heat recovery device, a slag storage tank, a multi-stage slag screening device, a multi-stage slag crushing device and a multi-stage magnetic separation device; the granulating device comprises a granulating tank and a first-stage high-pressure nozzle arranged in the granulating tank; the cooling device is arranged below the granulation tank and comprises a cooling channel and a secondary high-pressure nozzle arranged on the cooling channel; the granulation detection device is arranged on the inner wall of the cooling channel and is positioned above the secondary high-pressure nozzle; the waste heat recovery device is communicated with the cooling channel through a circulation pipeline; the slag storage tank is positioned at the bottom of the cooling channel; and performing multi-stage screening, crushing and magnetic separation to separate magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag. The slag treatment system provided by the invention can improve the slag granulation effect, improve the heat recovery effect, reduce the production and operation cost and reduce the occupied area of equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of slag treatment, and particularly relates to a slag treatment system and a slag treatment method.
Background
At present, steel-making furnaces in China are various, such as converters, electric furnaces and the like. The converter body is made of steel plate, is cylindrical, is lined with refractory material, is heated by chemical reaction heat during blowing, does not need an external heating source, and is the most important steelmaking equipment. In the steel industry of China, the converter type of the steel making furnace is most applied by a converter. The liquid slag produced by the steel-making process accounts for more than 15 percent of the steel yield and can reach 20 to 40 percent at most. The initial temperature of the liquid slag is about 1400-1700 ℃, wherein abundant heat energy resources are contained, and in the slag treatment process, the slag generated by cooling can be used for building materials, so that the liquid slag has higher utilization value.
At present, high-temperature slag is mainly treated by a water quenching method and a slag stewing method, but the water quenching method has the problems of high water consumption, generation of a large amount of harmful gas, insufficient heat energy recovery and the like, and the slag stewing method can often cause dangerous accidents such as steam explosion and the like. Then, high-temperature slag granulation methods such as an air quenching method and a centrifugal method appear, wherein the air quenching method is to blow away and granulate high-temperature slag by using high-speed airflow generated by a high-power granulation fan, but the power consumption is large, the occupied area of equipment is large, the heat energy recovery cost is high, and the air speed and the air quantity are not easy to coordinate; the centrifugal method is to granulate the high-temperature liquid slag by means of centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation of a turntable or a revolving cup, the granulation effect is greatly changed by temperature and flow, if the high-temperature slag intensively impacts a certain part of equipment, local overheating and damage of the equipment can be caused, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a slag treatment system, aiming at the defects of the prior art, the slag granulation effect can be improved, the heat recovery effect can be improved, the production running cost can be reduced, and the occupied area of equipment can be reduced.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a slag treatment system, including: the device comprises a granulating device, a cooling device, a granulation detection device, a waste heat recovery device, a slag storage tank, a multi-stage slag screening device, a multi-stage slag crushing device and a multi-stage magnetic separation device; the granulating device comprises a granulating tank and a primary high-pressure nozzle arranged in the granulating tank; the cooling device is arranged below the granulation tank and comprises a cooling channel and a secondary high-pressure nozzle arranged on the cooling channel; the granulation detection device is arranged on the inner wall of the cooling channel and is positioned above the secondary high-pressure nozzle; the waste heat recovery device is communicated with the cooling channel through a circulation pipeline; the slag storage tank is positioned at the bottom of the cooling channel and used for collecting cooled and granulated slag; the multi-stage slag screening device is used for screening the slag collected by the slag storage tank in a multi-stage manner; the multistage slag crushing device is used for multistage crushing slag particles which do not pass through screening; the multistage magnetic separation device is used for carrying out graded magnetic separation on the screened slag and the crushed slag and distinguishing the slag into magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the inner wall of the cooling channel is provided with a slag taking plate for collecting slag for granulation detection.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the circulation duct is inclined upward to communicate with the waste heat recovery device.
In a possible implementation form in combination with the first aspect, the flow-through conduit is inclined upwards at an angle of 15-30 °.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a slag intermediate tank communicated with a steel slag package is arranged above the granulation tank, and a slag falling valve is arranged between the granulation tank and the slag intermediate tank.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the slag tundish is provided with an inert gas charging port.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a slag processing method, based on the slag processing system, including the following steps:
the steel slag in the steel slag ladle enters a high-pressure sealed slag tundish;
the high-temperature liquid slag is primarily granulated by controlling the injection pressure of a primary high-pressure nozzle in a granulating device;
the grain size of the primarily granulated slag detected by a granulation detection device;
adjusting the jet pressure of a secondary high-pressure nozzle in a cooling device to carry out secondary granulation according to the size of the primary granulated particle size to obtain cooled slag particles and high-temperature gas;
the high-temperature gas enters a waste heat recovery device through a circulating pipeline, and condensed water flows back to the bottom of the cooling device along an inclined circulating pipeline for recycling;
and collecting the cooled slag particles into a slag storage tank, and separating into magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag through multi-stage screening, crushing and magnetic separation for recycling.
With reference to the second aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the pressure in the slag tundish is 10-15 atm.
With reference to the second aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the multistage screening, crushing and magnetic separation includes:
after the slag in the slag storage tank passes through a primary grid sieve, primary crushing is carried out on the slag with the grain size larger than 150mm, and the crushed slag and the slag with the grain size smaller than or equal to 150mm enter primary magnetic separation for magnetic separation and screening to obtain primary magnetic slag and primary steel slag; conveying the primary magnetic slag to a magnetic slag shed;
screening the primary steel slag by a secondary steel slag sieve, and performing secondary magnetic separation on the secondary steel slag with the particle size of more than 80mm and the rest secondary steel slag after secondary crushing to obtain secondary magnetic slag and secondary steel slag; sending the secondary magnetic steel slag and the primary magnetic slag into a magnetic slag shed;
screening the secondary steel slag by using a tertiary steel slag sieve, crushing the tertiary steel slag with the particle size of more than 10mm in a tertiary mode, returning to secondary magnetic separation to obtain tertiary magnetic slag, and feeding the tertiary magnetic steel slag and the secondary magnetic slag into a magnetic slag shed; the third-level steel slag with the thickness less than or equal to 10mm is directly recycled to the nonmagnetic slag shed.
With reference to the second aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the method includes the following steps: the inner wall of the slag tundish is provided with an anti-sticking slag layer, and the manufacturing method of the material used by the anti-sticking slag layer is as follows: selecting waste materials used by a ladle and a torpedo tank, grinding the waste materials to be less than 1mm, and adding a binder and a suspending agent to obtain the material.
Compared with the prior art, the slag treatment system and the slag treatment method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects: a granulation detection device is arranged below the primary granulation, so that the granulation process of the molten slag after primary cooling water spraying can be comprehensively known, important process parameters in the granulation process can be better explored, and the pressure of secondary cooling water spraying can be adjusted according to the parameters after primary granulation, so that the particle size of secondary granulation can be adjusted in a targeted manner, and a better granulation effect is achieved; the granulated slag can better separate magnetic separation slag powder and non-magnetic separation slag powder through multi-stage screening, crushing and magnetic separation so as to realize accurate recycling and improve the recycling rate and the recycling effect; the cooling channel is directly in the below of granulation jar, and the storage slag jar is directly in the below of cooling channel, and waste heat recovery device passes through circulation pipeline direct intercommunication, can reduce equipment area, reduces land used cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slag treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of a slag treatment process provided by an embodiment of the invention;
description of reference numerals:
1. the device comprises a slag intermediate tank, 2, a sealing gland, 3, a slag falling valve, 4, a granulating device, 5, a primary high-pressure nozzle, 6, a cooling device, 7, a waste heat recovery device, 8, a waste heat recovery pipeline, 9, a slag discharging valve, 10, a slag storage tank, 11, a circulating pipeline, 12, a slag taking plate, 13, a secondary high-pressure nozzle, 14 and a granulation detection device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a slag treatment system according to the present invention will now be described. The slag treatment system comprises a granulation device 4, a cooling device 6, a granulation detection device 14, a waste heat recovery device 7, a slag storage tank 10, a multi-stage slag screening device, a multi-stage slag crushing device and a multi-stage magnetic separation device; the granulating device 4 comprises a granulating tank and a primary high-pressure nozzle 5 arranged in the granulating tank; the cooling device 6 is arranged below the granulation tank and comprises a cooling channel and a secondary high-pressure nozzle 13 arranged on the cooling channel; the granulation detection device 14 is arranged on the inner wall of the cooling channel and is positioned above the secondary high-pressure nozzle 13; the waste heat recovery device 7 is communicated with the cooling channel through a circulation pipeline 11; the slag storage tank 10 is positioned at the bottom of the cooling channel and used for collecting cooled and granulated slag; the multi-stage slag screening device is used for multi-stage screening of the slag collected by the slag storage tank 10; the multi-stage slag crushing device is used for multi-stage crushing of slag particles which do not pass through screening; the multistage magnetic separation device is used for carrying out graded magnetic separation on the screened slag and the crushed slag and distinguishing the slag into magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag.
Compared with the prior art, the granulating detection device 14 is arranged below the primary granulation, so that the granulating process of the molten slag after primary cooling water spraying can be comprehensively known, important process parameters in the granulating process can be better explored, and the pressure of secondary cooling water spraying can be adjusted according to the parameters after primary granulation, so that the particle size of secondary granulation can be adjusted in a targeted manner, and a better granulating effect can be achieved; the granulated slag can better separate magnetic separation slag powder and non-magnetic separation slag powder through multi-stage screening, crushing and magnetic separation so as to realize accurate recycling and improve the recycling rate and the recycling effect; the cooling channel is directly below the granulation tank, the slag storage tank 10 is directly below the cooling channel, and the waste heat recovery device 7 is directly communicated through the circulating pipeline 11, so that the occupied area of the equipment can be reduced, and the land cost is reduced.
The magnetic separation is that magnetic force and mechanical force (such as gravity, centrifugal force and the like) act on the steel slag magnetic field to realize the separation of magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag. The steel slag with different magnetism has different motion paths after being stressed due to different magnetic force, and magnetic slag such as steel slag, magnetic slag powder and the like and non-magnetic steel slag can be obtained through magnetic separation. After the whole grain processing treatment, the magnetic substances (scrap steel, magnetic powder and the like) in the steel slag are selected with low efficiency, and the granularity and the iron content of the non-magnetic slag can not meet the requirements of the next procedure. The invention combines the multi-stage crushing process, the multi-stage screening process and the multi-stage magnetic separation process, repeatedly crushes and decomposes the slag which does not pass through the magnetic separation into particles with small grain diameter, and then screens and magnetically separates the particles, thereby achieving the purpose of optimally separating magnetic slag powder and non-magnetic slag powder, optimizing the whole grain processing process flow and realizing the reduction of project investment and production operation cost.
For example, magnetic slag is used as a sintering material and a steel-making material, and non-magnetic slag is used as a steel-making material and a cement material.
As an embodiment of the slag handling system, see fig. 1, the inner wall of the cooling channel is provided with slag tapping plates 12 for collecting slag for granulation detection. The slag taking plate 12 is arranged below the granulating detection device 14, and granulated slag falls onto the slag taking plate 12, so that the granulating detection device 14 can conveniently detect the granulated slag.
As a modified embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the circulation duct 11 is inclined upward to communicate with the waste heat recovery device 7. So that the condensed water automatically flows back to the lower part of the cooling device 6 to cool the slag and reduce the energy consumption.
In particular, the flow-through conduit 11 is inclined upwards at an angle of 15-30.
As an improved embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a slag intermediate tank 1 communicated with a steel slag bag is arranged above a granulation tank, and a slag falling valve 3 is arranged between the granulation tank and the slag intermediate tank 1.
As a modified embodiment, the slag tundish 1 is provided with an inert gas inlet (not shown).
Based on the same inventive concept, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application further provides a slag treatment method, based on the slag treatment system, including the following steps:
step one, the steel slag in the steel slag bag enters a high-pressure sealed slag intermediate tank 1;
secondly, controlling the injection pressure of a primary high-pressure nozzle 5 in a granulation device 4 to preliminarily granulate the high-temperature liquid slag;
step three, the grain size of the primarily granulated slag detected by the granulation detection device 14;
regulating the injection pressure of a secondary high-pressure nozzle 13 in the cooling device 6 to carry out secondary granulation according to the size of the primary granulated particle size to obtain cooled slag particles and high-temperature gas;
step five, the high-temperature gas enters a waste heat recovery device 7 through a circulation pipeline 11, and condensed water flows back to the bottom of the cooling device 6 along the inclined circulation pipeline 11 for recycling;
and step six, collecting the cooled slag particles into a slag storage tank 10, and separating the slag particles into magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag through multi-stage screening, crushing and magnetic separation for recycling.
In the first step, the flow rate of the molten slag entering the granulating device 4 can be controlled, the pressure of the molten slag intermediate tank 1 is changed by introducing nitrogen or other inert gases, the molten slag is sprayed into the granulating device 4 and collides with high-pressure water, the impact force of the molten slag and water is increased, and the granulating effect is improved; the pressure in the slag intermediate tank 1 is 10-15 standard atmospheric pressure.
The joint of the upper end of the slag intermediate tank 1 and the steel slag ladle is provided with a sealing gland 2, and the lower end is communicated with a granulating device 4 through a slag falling valve 3. The primary high-pressure nozzle 5 is a high-pressure water gun, and the temperature of the slag falling into the granulation device 4 is 1400-1700 ℃.
As an improved embodiment of the slag tundish 1, the inner wall of the slag tundish 1 is provided with an anti-slag layer, and the material used for the anti-slag layer is prepared by the following steps: anti-slag material AIO 3 MgO, CaO and graphite carbon are used as main components, waste materials used by a ladle and a torpedo tank, mainly comprising aluminum-silicon carbide-carbon bricks, magnesia carbon bricks and the like, are ground to be less than 1mm, and are added with a binder and a suspending agent to prepare the magnesium-carbon composite material. Can effectively prevent the steel slag from bonding, reduce the maintenance cost and improve the service life.
Referring to fig. 1, the granulation and waste heat recovery process is described in detail in the present embodiment with reference to step two, step three, step four and step five as follows:
after the primary high-pressure water nozzle is opened by the granulating device 4, the molten slag in the steel slag bag falls into a granulating tank through a slag inlet at the upper end of the granulating device 4, and the falling molten slag is impacted by high-pressure sprayed water to generate atomization and granulate liquid molten slag; during this process, the slag was subjected to a pressure of 15 atmospheres before falling into the granulator 4 by introducing nitrogen. The temperature of the slag falling into the granulating device 4 is 1400-1700 ℃. Then, the slag particles enter a granulation detection device 14, the granulation process is comprehensively known, important process parameters in the granulation process are better explored, the granulation process is monitored on line in real time, high-pressure water is sprayed through a secondary high-pressure nozzle 13 for secondary granulation, the slag particles are quenched and shrunk twice when meeting water to generate stress concentration and are broken, the slag is fully granulated, the condition that large slag particles are generated is avoided, and the granulated slag particle size is controlled by adjusting the spraying pressure of the high-pressure water.
After detection, the granulated slag falls into cooling water at the bottom of the slag cooling device 6, is rapidly cooled and generates high-temperature steam, and the high-temperature steam enters the waste heat recovery device 7 through the circulating pipeline 11; the end of the steam circulation pipeline 11 communicated with the waste heat recovery device 7 is higher than the end communicated with the slag cooling device 6, and the inclination angle is 15-30 degrees. The steam circulation pipeline 11 with a certain gradient can realize that high-temperature steam smoothly enters the waste heat recovery device 7, and simultaneously, after the high-temperature steam entering the waste heat recovery device 7 is condensed, the high-temperature steam smoothly flows back to the bottom of the slag cooling device 6 for recycling, so that a large amount of water resources are saved. Then, the high-temperature steam entering the waste heat recovery device 7 exchanges heat with the medium in the waste heat recovery pipeline 8, the waste heat recovery pipeline 8 is internally provided with purified water for recovering heat of the high-temperature steam, and the purified water in the waste heat recovery pipeline 8 can generate clean steam after exchanging heat with the high-temperature steam generated by the slag cooling device 6, and can be directly introduced into other steam equipment for use. Meanwhile, the high-temperature steam is condensed into water in the waste heat recovery device 7 and flows back to the bottom of the slag cooling device 6 for recycling.
In the granulation detection, after the molten slag is granulated for the first time, a granulation detection device 14 is arranged below the primary high-pressure nozzle 5, slag particles fall on the slag taking plate 12, meanwhile, the slag taking plate 12 keeps certain vibration in the operation process, collected and mutually accumulated slag particles are spread, and the calculation error caused by particle accumulation can be reduced. The granulation process can be comprehensively known, important process parameters in the granulation process can be better explored, and the granulation process can be monitored on line in real time. Wherein, the size of the granulated particle size can be realized by adjusting the jet pressure of high-pressure water.
The bottom of the slag cooling device 6 is provided with a slag storage tank 10 which is communicated with the slag cooling device 6 through a slag discharge valve 9. The long-time continuous operation of the slag treatment system is realized by periodically discharging slag into the slag storage tank 10.
After being granulated by a high-pressure water gun, the steel slag enters a magnetic separation process. As an embodiment of the magnetic separation, referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides two-stage magnetic separation: first order magnetic separation sets up at No. 2 belt feeder aircraft noses, and second level magnetic separation sets up at No. 4 belt feeder aircraft noses, and each grade magnetic separation all comprises de-ironing separator and electromagnetic roller, like the record of step six, multistage grizzly, breakage, magnetic separation include:
firstly, after slag in a slag storage tank 10 passes through a primary grid sieve, the slag with the grain size larger than 150mm is subjected to primary crushing, and enters primary magnetic separation for magnetic separation and screening together with the slag with the grain size smaller than or equal to 150mm to obtain primary magnetic slag and primary steel slag; conveying the primary magnetic slag to a magnetic slag shed;
secondly, screening the primary steel slag through a secondary steel slag sieve, and performing secondary magnetic separation on the secondary steel slag with the particle size larger than 80mm and the rest secondary steel slag after secondary crushing to obtain secondary magnetic slag and secondary steel slag; the secondary magnetic steel slag and the primary magnetic slag are sent into a magnetic slag shed together; the second grade steel slag sieve is also the No. 1 steel slag sieve in the figure 2;
thirdly, screening the second-stage steel slag by using a third-stage steel slag screen, performing third-stage crushing on the third-stage steel slag with the particle size of more than 10mm, returning to second-stage magnetic separation to obtain third-stage magnetic slag, and feeding the third-stage magnetic steel slag and the second-stage magnetic slag into a magnetic slag shed; directly recycling the three-level steel slag with the thickness less than or equal to 10mm to a non-magnetic slag shed; a three-stage steel slag sieve, namely a No. 2 steel slag sieve in figure 2;
and the third step is carried out in a circulating way, after the secondary magnetic separation is returned, when the particle size is larger than 10mm, the crushing is carried out again, the magnetic separation is returned, and when the particle size is smaller than 10mm, the non-magnetic separation slag shed is directly recovered.
The specific working process is as follows:
the crushing process and the screening process are respectively optimized and provided with a cone crusher and a steel slag screen with 10mm size fraction, and the magnetic separation process is also optimized while the tailings granularity is less than 10 mm.
The dry magnetic separator is used for separating dry magnetic materials, and the average magnetic induction intensity on the surface of the roller can reach 100-600 mT. The granularity of the fed material is generally required to be 0-10 mm, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, large treatment capacity, simple and convenient operation and easy maintenance. According to the optimization condition of the front production line, the dry magnetic separator is arranged at the head of the No. 6 belt conveyor in the process, so that the requirement of the rear production line on the iron content in the slag is met. The optimized production line is configured with three-stage magnetic separation: the first and second stages adopt iron remover and magnetic drum for cooperation, and the third stage adopts dry magnetic separator. The factors influencing the indexes of the dry magnetic separator mainly include ore properties (grade, magnetism, granularity, moisture and the like), equipment performance, operation level and the like. Under certain performance conditions, the operating conditions should be determined based on the nature of the ore being processed and the requirements for product specifications. The operation adjusting factors mainly comprise the rotating speed of the roller, the position of the baffle and the ore feeding amount, and the three factors are reasonably adjusted to improve the magnetic separation index.
Referring to fig. 2, the specific process of magnetic separation is that the slag is stored in a transition slag bin and passes through a first-stage grid screen, and the steel slag with the particle size of more than 150mm passes through a jaw crusher (after crushing) and is transported to a No. 1 transfer belt conveyor together with the steel slag with the particle size of less than 150 mm. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out primary magnetic separation on a No. 2 belt conveyor head, enabling magnetic steel slag to directly enter a No. 3 belt conveyor (the selected magnetic steel slag is relatively pure due to the fact that the grain diameter ratio of the steel slag is large at the moment, and the non-magnetic steel slag also has certain magnetism), enabling the rest steel slag to pass through a No. 1 steel slag sieve, crushing the steel slag grains larger than 80mm again, transferring the crushed steel slag grains and the steel slag smaller than or equal to 80mm to a No. 4 belt conveyor, carrying out magnetic slag screening through the No. 3 belt conveyor after two-stage magnetic separation, and storing the magnetic slag obtained through a series of screening in a magnetic slag shed. And the residual steel slag is crushed and sieved in a series of steps, and then passes through a dry magnetic separator to obtain nonmagnetic slag which is stored in a nonmagnetic slag shed.
In the embodiment, the slag steel is conveyed to the slag steel autogenous mill by a belt after being metered. The slag steel autogenous mill is supported by the tire and is in friction transmission by the tire, the slag steel is subjected to the action of gravity, friction force and centripetal force in the autogenous mill to generate throwing, rolling and impacting movement, slag on the surface of the slag steel is peeled off to realize slag steel separation, and the separated slag and steel are screened by a mill head discharging device, so that the separation of clean slag steel and tailings is realized. The clean steel is stored in a finished product warehouse, and the tailings are conveyed by a belt conveyor to be stored in a tailings pond and used as raw materials for wet ball milling and magnetic separation production of the steel slag.
In this embodiment, a process flow of magnetic slag powder wet ball milling and magnetic separation production is taken as an example for explanation: utilize wet-grinding wet separation production line, when the steel slag powder granularity <15 mm, transport to the raw materials receiving bin through the car, establish the check sieve on the receiving bin, receive the electrical vibration batcher under the bin, the batcher gives the slag on the sealing-tape machine, send to the ball mill and carry out wet-type grinding, the drum sieve is established to the ball mill discharge gate, carry out once grading, the product falls on the drum sieve on the fine grit steel banding and sends out the workshop, the electromagnetic pulley is established to the belt feeder head, send into pellet steel storehouse and tailings storehouse respectively after separating fine grit steel and a small amount of tailings. And conveying the materials below the drum screen to a magnetic separation process through a chute to perform two-stage magnetic separation.
Magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag need to be subjected to spiral grading dehydration treatment, sewage of a dehydration device is conveyed to a thickener by a slag slurry pump for concentration, after the concentration is increased to about 50%, the sewage is further subjected to dehydration operation, and finally a slag cake with the water content of about 12% is obtained and conveyed to a slag fine powder bin by a belt conveyor for storage. And after the two-stage magnetic separation, the tailings are spirally dehydrated and then are conveyed into a tailing bin through a belt. The sewage of the tailing dehydration is sent to a thickener for concentration by a fine tailing slurry pump, the underflow sewage is subjected to belt type filter pressing dehydration, and finally a slag cake with the water content of about 12 percent is obtained and is transported to a storage bin of the slag cake by a belt conveyor; the overflow of the filter is automatically flowed to the central transmission thickener for concentration, and the underflow of the central transmission thickener and the water of all the belt filter presses are returned to the transmission thickener by a slurry pump. The overflow of the thickener is recycled after further treatment.
In the embodiment, the nonmagnetic tailings obtained after processing are treated by the procedures of drying, magnetic separation, fine grinding, powder selection and the like, so that magnetic substances including simple substance iron in the tailings can be separated, and micro powder with the specific surface area larger than 420 square meters per kg can be prepared, and the method is used in the field of cement building materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and progresses:
(1) avoiding the need of oxygen cutting for large slag in the converter process and a great deal of fine dust generated in the cutting process. After primary granulation is carried out on the molten slag by adopting high-pressure water injection, the molten slag enters a granulation detection device, the granulation process is comprehensively known, important process parameters in the granulation process are explored, and a high-speed camera, a temperature sensor, a particle size detection feedback device and the like are arranged to carry out real-time online monitoring on the granulation process; then the slag and water are granulated for the second time through the secondary nozzle, the granulation is concentrated into a dispersing and sectional cooling mode, the granulation effect is good, the heat exchange efficiency is high, and the possibility of explosion is eliminated. The slag cooling device makes the high-temperature steam entering the waste heat recovery device return to the bottom of the slag cooling device after being condensed, so that the slag cooling device can be recycled, and a large amount of water resources can be saved. The waste heat recovery device realizes the recovery of a large amount of high-quality heat energy, does not discharge any dust and pollutants to the environment, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly. Meanwhile, the high-temperature steam is condensed into water in the waste heat recovery device and flows back to the slag cooling device. The magnetic separation adopts strong and weak combination and multistage magnetic separation technology, fully realizes the slag-iron separation of steel slag, and the magnetic slag is intensively transferred and screened, so that the turnover frequency and the number of belt conveyors are reduced, and the investment and the land area are reduced.
(2) The whole slag treatment system is a sealed circulating system, realizes the recovery of a large amount of high-quality heat energy, does not discharge any dust and pollutants to the environment, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
(3) The slag tundish and the container wall of the granulating device are made of anti-sticking materials, so that the maintenance cost is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
(4) No other impurities and sludge are generated in the slag granulating and cooling process, and dry slag granules can be obtained.
(5) The whole slag treatment system has high automation degree, low equipment cost and small occupied area, reduces a large amount of manual labor, greatly reduces the slag treatment cost and simultaneously avoids the problem of water vapor explosion often occurring in the traditional slag stewing treatment process.
(6) The whole slag treatment system has high automation degree, reduces a large amount of manual labor and greatly reduces the slag treatment cost.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for slag treatment based on a slag treatment system comprising:
the granulating device (4) comprises a granulating tank and a primary high-pressure nozzle (5) arranged in the granulating tank;
the cooling device (6) is arranged below the granulating tank and comprises a cooling channel and a secondary high-pressure nozzle (13) arranged on the cooling channel;
the granulation detection device (14) is arranged on the inner wall of the cooling channel and is positioned above the secondary high-pressure nozzle (13);
the waste heat recovery device (7) is communicated with the cooling channel through a circulation pipeline (11);
the slag storage tank (10) is positioned at the bottom of the cooling channel and used for collecting cooled and granulated slag;
the multi-stage slag screening device is used for multi-stage screening of the slag collected by the slag storage tank;
the multistage slag crushing device is used for multistage crushing slag particles which do not pass through screening;
the multistage magnetic separation device is used for carrying out graded magnetic separation on the screened slag and the crushed slag and distinguishing the slag into magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag;
the slag treatment method comprises the following steps:
the steel slag in the steel slag ladle enters a high-pressure sealed slag intermediate tank (1);
the high-temperature liquid slag is granulated at one time by controlling the injection pressure of a first-stage high-pressure nozzle (5) in the granulating device;
the grain size of the primarily granulated slag detected by a granulation detection device (14);
adjusting the injection pressure of a secondary high-pressure nozzle (13) in the cooling device (6) according to the size of the primary granulated particle size to carry out secondary granulation to obtain cooled slag particles and high-temperature gas;
the high-temperature gas enters the waste heat recovery device (7) through the circulating pipeline (11), and condensed water flows back to the bottom of the cooling device (6) along the inclined circulating pipeline (11) for recycling;
collecting the cooled slag particles into a slag storage tank (10), and separating the slag particles into magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag through multi-stage screening, crushing and magnetic separation for cyclic utilization;
the multistage grizzly, crushing and magnetic separation comprise:
after the slag in the slag storage tank passes through a primary grid sieve, carrying out primary crushing on the slag with the particle size of more than 150mm, and carrying out primary magnetic separation and screening on the slag and the slag with the particle size of less than or equal to 150mm to obtain primary magnetic slag and primary steel slag; conveying the primary magnetic slag to a magnetic slag shed;
screening the primary steel slag through a secondary steel slag sieve, and performing secondary magnetic separation on the secondary steel slag with the particle size larger than 80mm and the rest secondary steel slag after secondary crushing to obtain secondary magnetic slag and secondary steel slag; sending the secondary magnetic steel slag and the primary magnetic slag into a magnetic slag shed;
screening the secondary steel slag by using a tertiary steel slag sieve, crushing the tertiary steel slag with the particle size of more than 10mm in a tertiary mode, returning to secondary magnetic separation to obtain tertiary magnetic slag, and feeding the tertiary magnetic steel slag and the secondary magnetic slag into a magnetic slag shed; the third-level steel slag with the thickness less than or equal to 10mm is directly recycled to the nonmagnetic slag shed.
2. A method for slag treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner wall of the cooling channel is provided with slag pick-up plates (12) for collecting slag for granulation detection.
3. A slag treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow conduit (11) is inclined upwards in communication with the waste heat recovery device (7).
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle of upward inclination of the flow conduit (11) is 15-30 °.
5. A slag treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that a slag tundish (1) communicated with the steel slag bag is arranged above the granulation tank, and a slag dropping valve (3) is arranged between the granulation tank and the slag tundish (1).
6. A slag treatment process according to claim 5, characterized in that the slag tundish (1) is provided with an inert gas inlet.
7. The slag treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the pressure in the slag tundish is 10-15 atm.
8. The slag treatment process according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: the inner wall of the slag tundish (1) is provided with an anti-sticking slag layer, and the manufacturing method of the material used by the anti-sticking slag layer is as follows: selecting waste materials used by a ladle and a torpedo tank, grinding the waste materials to be less than 1mm, and adding a binder and a suspending agent to obtain the material.
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