CN117105727A

CN117105727A - Mineral powder-based slow-release coated urea and preparation equipment thereof

Info

Publication number: CN117105727A
Application number: CN202311064923.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周慧堂; 扈卫珍; 汤雯
Original assignee: ANHUI MINGMEI MINCHEM CO LTD
Current assignee: ANHUI MINGMEI MINCHEM CO LTD
Priority date: 2023-08-23
Filing date: 2023-08-23
Publication date: 2023-11-24
Anticipated expiration: 2043-08-23
Also published as: CN117105727B

Abstract

The application discloses a slow-release coated urea based on mineral powder and a preparation device thereof, wherein the slow-release coated urea comprises fertilizer granules of a core layer and a slow-release layer coated on the fertilizer granules; the fertilizer granule comprises a plurality of urea granules and mineral powder for binding the urea granules, wherein the mineral powder consists of palygorskite powder, clay, calcareous soil and talcum powder. According to the mineral powder-based slow-release coated urea and the preparation equipment, when the production work is carried out, the push plate of the feeding assembly pushes materials on the frame, the materials on the frame are pushed into the guide cylinder, the extrusion rod is inserted into the guide cylinder and extrudes the materials in the guide cylinder, the materials in the guide cylinder are matched with the extrusion block, the materials in the guide cylinder are extruded into spheres, then the spheres leave the extrusion block and enter the lower die of the coating assembly, the upper die is closed to the lower die, the spheres in the lower die are covered, at the moment, the liquid slow-release layer is injected into a cavity between the upper die and the lower die of the transfer cylinder, the spheres are wrapped by the liquid slow-release layer, and cooling and solidifying are carried out on the upper die and the lower die.

Description

Mineral powder-based slow-release coated urea and preparation equipment thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of slow-release coated urea, in particular to a mineral powder-based slow-release coated urea and preparation equipment thereof.

Background

The slow-release coated urea is an agricultural fertilizer, and consists of an inner fertilizer granule and an outer slow-release layer, wherein the slow-release layer can slow down the release of effective elements by the fertilizer granule and prolong the action time of the fertilizer granule so as to provide durable and stable fertility for plants and elements required by the growth of the plants.

According to publication No. CN105315096B, publication No. 2018.09.28, a preparation method of composite coated water-retaining slow-release urea is disclosed, wherein the core of the coated fertilizer is large-particle urea, the inner film is a chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol composite film, and the outer film is a water-retaining agent; the inner coating layer is prepared from 2% of chitosan solution and 10% of polyvinyl alcohol solution, and is prepared by fully stirring and mixing the chitosan solution and the polyvinyl alcohol solution according to the mass ratio of 3:1, adding a second type of cross-linking agent, and stirring and mixing; the preparation method of the water-retaining agent with the outer coating layer comprises the following steps: preparing reaction monomers including acrylic acid, acrylamide monomers and/or 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid; adding acrylic acid into a reactor, uniformly stirring, and slowly adding ammonia water to ensure that the neutralization degree of the acrylic acid reaches 50-85%; sequentially adding acrylamide monomer and/or 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, a first cross-linking agent and water to form a reaction group, adding an initiator after fully dissolving and mixing, reacting for 1-2 hours at 80 ℃, shearing, drying, crushing and sieving the reaction product to obtain a powdery water-retaining agent with the particle size smaller than 0.075 mm; the preparation method of the composite coated water-retaining slow-release urea comprises the following steps: 1000 g of large-particle urea with the diameter of 2-5mm is weighed and put into coating equipment. The fertilizer production equipment has simple process and is easy for industrial production. The application carries out surface cross-linking treatment on the water-retaining layer, the water-retaining layer has hard texture and wear resistance, and the prepared composite coated water-retaining slow-release fertilizer is not agglomerated and is easy to store and transport.

In the prior art including above-mentioned patent, when transplanting the great plant of plant size, need add more basic fertilizer for the plant to guarantee that the plant can survive, but in the season that the rainwater is more, the rainwater permeates into soil, can take away the basic fertilizer, can not provide fertility for the plant for a long time, and current slow-release fertilizer granule's size is all smaller, can be for the plant continuously provide the time of fertility shorter, can not satisfy plant long-term growth needs.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a slow-release coated urea based on mineral powder and a preparation device thereof, and aims to solve the problem that the conventional slow-release coated urea is small in size and cannot provide enough fertility for large plants permanently and stably.

In order to achieve the aim, the application provides a slow-release coated urea based on mineral powder, which comprises fertilizer granules of a core layer and a slow-release layer coated on the fertilizer granules;

the fertilizer granule comprises a plurality of urea granules and mineral powder for binding the urea granules, wherein the mineral powder consists of palygorskite powder, clay, carclazyte, calcareous soil and talcum powder;

the slow release layer is composed of polylactic acid, straw powder, ginkgo leaf powder, tea powder, crab shell powder, abutilon fiber, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, nanocellulose, dioctyl pentaerythritol diphosphite and phenyl o-hydroxybenzoate.

The preparation equipment of the slow-release coated urea based on the mineral powder is used for preparing the slow-release coated urea and comprises a rack, wherein the rack is provided with:

the feeding assembly comprises a push plate;

an extrusion assembly including an extrusion block, a guide cylinder, and an extrusion rod;

tectorial membrane subassembly, it includes the lower mould, go up the mould and with go up the transfer bucket of mould intercommunication, wherein:

the push plate moves to enable materials to fall into the guide cylinder, the extrusion rod moves to be matched with the extrusion block to enable the materials in the guide cylinder to be pressed into spheres, the lower die is matched with the upper die to cover the spheres, and the transfer barrel is filled with the liquid slow-release layer in the upper die.

Preferably, a storage hopper is arranged on the frame, a baffle is arranged at the bottom of the storage hopper, and the push plate moves to push the baffle to move.

Preferably, the push plate is provided with a movable bucket, the storage hopper is provided with a telescopic plate, and the end part of the telescopic plate is provided with a reed matched with the movable bucket.

Preferably, the movable bucket is provided with a bottom plate, and the frame is provided with a first guide groove for guiding the bottom plate to rotate.

Preferably, a plurality of elastic shifting plates are movably arranged on the push plate, and a second guide groove for guiding the elastic shifting plates to reciprocate is formed in the frame.

Preferably, the device further comprises a driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly comprises a movable plate movably mounted on the frame, a plurality of extrusion rods are rotatably arranged on the movable plate, and the movable plate moves to enable the extrusion rods to be inserted into the guide cylinders.

Preferably, the inner wall of the guide cylinder is provided with a thread-shaped guide groove, and the extrusion rod is symmetrically provided with convex blocks matched with the guide groove.

Preferably, the guide cylinder is symmetrically provided with knocking blocks, the movable plate is provided with a first reed, and the movable plate drives the first reed to move downwards to move the knocking blocks away from the guide cylinder.

Preferably, a first movable block is movably arranged on the extrusion block, a first deflector rod is arranged on the extrusion block, and the first reed drives the guide cylinder to move upwards and stir the first deflector rod so that the first movable block moves relative to the extrusion block.

In the technical scheme, the slow-release coated urea based on the mineral powder and the preparation equipment provided by the application have the following beneficial effects: when the production work is carried out, the push plate of the feeding assembly pushes materials on the rack, the materials on the rack are pushed into the guide cylinder, after enough materials enter the guide cylinder, the extrusion rod is inserted into the guide cylinder and extrudes the materials in the guide cylinder, and then the extrusion rod is matched with the extrusion block, loose materials in the guide cylinder are extruded into solid spheres, then the spheres leave the extrusion block and enter the lower die of the film covering assembly, the upper die is closed to the lower die, the spheres in the lower die are covered, at the moment, the liquid slow-release layer is injected into a cavity between the upper die and the lower die of the transfer cylinder, the spheres are wrapped by the liquid slow-release layer, the slow-release layer is formed outside the spheres after the spheres are cooled and solidified, the manufactured spheres are larger in size, and are wrapped by the slow-release layer, so that enough fertility can be provided for large plants permanently and stably, and normal growth of the large plants is ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for a person having ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second guide groove according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 at A;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 at B;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 at C;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a part of an explosion structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a guiding cylinder according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a transfer barrel according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. a frame; 11. a feeding assembly; 111. a push plate; 112. a movable bucket; 113. a bottom plate; 114. a first dial block; 115. a movable rod; 116. an elastic poking piece; 117. a second dial block; 118. a first guide groove; 119. a second guide groove; 12. an extrusion assembly; 121. extruding a block; 122. a first movable block; 123. a first connecting rod; 124. a guide cylinder; 125. a first dial plate; 126. knocking the block; 127. a second shifting plate; 128. a first deflector rod; 13. a film covering component; 131. a lower die; 132. an upper die; 133. a second movable block; 134. a second connecting rod; 135. a transfer barrel; 136. a piston; 137. a second deflector rod; 138. a third deflector rod; 14. a drive assembly; 141. an electric telescopic rod; 142. a movable plate; 143. an extrusion rod; 144. a third connecting rod; 145. a first reed; 146. a second reed; 147. a third reed; 148. a bump; 149. a rocker; 151. a storage hopper; 152. a baffle; 153. a telescoping plate; 154. a guide plate; 155. wedge block group; 156. a stop lever.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical scheme of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-10, a slow-release coated urea based on mineral powder comprises fertilizer granules of a core layer and a slow-release layer coated on the fertilizer granules;

the slow release layer comprises polylactic acid, straw powder, folium Ginkgo powder, folium Camelliae sinensis powder, crab shell powder, abutilon fiber, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, nanocellulose, dioctyl pentaerythritol diphosphite and phenyl o-hydroxybenzoate.

Specifically, the urea particles in the above embodiment account for 40% -50% of the fertilizer particles, the palygorskite powder with a large specific surface area and adsorption capacity accounts for 5% -10% of the fertilizer particles, the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be improved, 15% -20% of the clay fertilizer particles are responsible for binding various components forming the fertilizer particles, the clay accounts for 5% -10% of the fertilizer particles, the pH value of soil can be improved, the calcareous soil accounts for 5% -10% of the fertilizer particles, the acidity of the soil can be improved, the talcum powder accounts for 5% -10% of the fertilizer particles, the pH value of the soil can be adjusted, and thus the soil is improved, and the humidity of the raw materials of the fertilizer particles is 30% -35% so as to be extruded into spheres;

the slow release layer comprises the following components: 50% of polylactic acid, 20-30% of straw powder, 5-7% of ginkgo leaf powder, 2-4% of tea powder, 4-8% of crab shell powder, 2-4% of abutilon fiber, 1-2% of sodium polyacrylate, 1-2% of polyacrylamide, 1-3% of nanocellulose, 3-5% of dioctyl pentaerythritol diphosphite and 2-4% of phenyl o-hydroxybenzoate.

In the above technical solution, when the production work is performed, the push plate 111 of the feeding assembly 11 pushes the material on the frame 1, pushes the material on the frame 1 into the guide cylinder 124, after a sufficient amount of material enters the guide cylinder 124, the extrusion rod 143 is inserted into the guide cylinder 124, extrudes the material in the guide cylinder 124, and further cooperates with the extrusion block 121, extrudes the loose material in the guide cylinder 124 into a solid sphere, then the sphere leaves the extrusion block 121 and enters the lower die 131 of the film-covered assembly 13, the upper die 132 is closed to the lower die 131, the sphere in the lower die 131 is covered, at this time, the liquid slow-release layer wraps the sphere, and the upper die 132 and the lower die 131 cool and solidify, and forms a slow-release layer outside the sphere, and the produced sphere has larger particles, and is wrapped by the slow-release layer, so that sufficient fertilizer can be provided for a large plant stably, and normal growth of the large plant is ensured.

The application also provides a preparation device of the slow-release coated urea based on mineral powder, which is used for preparing the slow-release coated urea and comprises a frame 1, wherein the frame 1 is provided with:

the feeding assembly 11 comprises a push plate 111;

a pressing assembly 12 including a pressing block 121, a guide cylinder 124, and a pressing rod 143;

the film coating assembly 13, which includes a lower die 131, an upper die 132, and a transfer barrel 135 in communication with the upper die 132, wherein:

the push plate 111 moves to drop the material into the guide cylinder 124, the pressing rod 143 moves to press the material in the guide cylinder 124 into a ball by cooperating with the pressing block 121, the lower die 131 cooperates with the upper die 132 to cover the ball, and the transfer barrel 135 injects the liquid slow-release layer into the upper die 132.

Specifically, the extrusion block 121 is provided with a plurality of hemispherical grooves, the guide cylinders 124 are in one-to-one correspondence with the hemispherical grooves, the extrusion rods 143 are in one-to-one correspondence with the guide cylinders 124, and the bottoms of the extrusion rods 143 are provided with hemispherical grooves.

Further, during production, the push plate 111 of the feeding assembly 11 pushes the material on the frame 1, pushes the material on the frame 1 into the guide cylinder 124, after a sufficient amount of material enters the guide cylinder 124, the extrusion rod 143 is inserted into the guide cylinder 124, extrudes the material in the guide cylinder 124, further cooperates with the extrusion block 121, extrudes the loose material in the guide cylinder 124 into solid spheres, then the spheres leave the extrusion block 121 and enter the lower die 131 of the film covering assembly 13, the upper die 132 is closed to the lower die 131, the spheres in the lower die 131 are covered, at the moment, a liquid slow release layer is injected into a cavity between the upper die 132 and the lower die 131 of the transfer cylinder 135, the spheres are wrapped by the liquid slow release layer, and cooled and solidified outside the spheres to form slow release layers, the prepared spheres have larger particles and are wrapped by the slow release layer, so that sufficient fertilizer can be provided for a large plant in a lasting and stable manner, and normal growth of the large plant is ensured.

As still another embodiment of the present application further provided, the frame 1 is provided with a storage hopper 151, the bottom of the storage hopper 151 is provided with a baffle 152, and the push plate 111 moves to push the baffle 152 to move.

Specifically, a spring is arranged between the baffle 152 and the frame 1, a receiving hopper is arranged at the top of the guide cylinder 124, and a discharging opening opposite to the receiving hopper is arranged on the frame 1.

Further, when the push plate 111 moves below the storage hopper 151, the push plate 111 pushes the baffle 152 to move, the bottom of the storage hopper 151 is opened, the material in the storage hopper 151 falls onto the frame 1, then the push plate 111 moves towards the feed opening and pushes the material on the frame 1 to fall into the guide cylinder 124 from the feed opening, the baffle 152 seals the lower part of the storage hopper 151 again under the action of the spring, the material in the storage hopper 151 is prevented from continuously falling, the extrusion rod 143 is inserted into the guide cylinder 124, and the material in the guide cylinder 124 is extruded into a solid sphere.

As a further embodiment of the present application, the push plate 111 is provided with a movable bucket 112, the storage bucket 151 is provided with a telescopic plate 153, and the end of the telescopic plate 153 is provided with a reed matched with the movable bucket 112.

Specifically, a groove matched with the reed is formed on the side wall of the movable bucket 112, which is far away from the push plate 111.

Further, when the push plate 111 moves to the lower part of the storage hopper 151, the push plate 111 pushes the baffle 152 to move, the bottom of the storage hopper 151 is opened, materials fall into the movable hopper 112, the push plate 111 continues to move, the reed at the end part of the telescopic plate 153 deforms until the reed is opposite to the groove on the movable hopper 112, the reed is inserted into the movable hopper 112, the movable hopper 112 pulls the telescopic plate 153 to stretch, the gap between the telescopic plate 153 and the baffle 152 is the same as the width of the movable hopper 112 through the reed, while the push plate 111 moves, the materials in the storage hopper 151 fill the whole movable hopper 112, then the push plate 111 moves to the direction close to the feed opening, the baffle 152 gradually seals the bottom of the storage hopper 151 under the action of the spring, the movable hopper 112 is shortened through the reed driving the telescopic plate 153, then the movable hopper 112 extrudes the reed, the reed deforms and separates from the groove on the movable hopper 112, the telescopic plate 153 scrapes redundant materials above the movable hopper 112, the amount of the materials which can be taken away each time is ensured to be approximately the same, the push plate 111 continues to move, the movable hopper 112 and the materials in the movable hopper 112 are separated from the storage hopper 112, then the materials in the movable hopper 111 are poured onto the frame 1, and the push plate 111 is pushed down to the feed opening.

As a further embodiment of the present application, the movable bucket 112 is provided with a bottom plate 113, and the frame 1 is provided with a first guide groove 118 for guiding the bottom plate 113 to rotate.

Specifically, the base plate 113 is provided with a first shifting block 114 extending to a first guide groove 118, and the first guide groove 118 includes two horizontal portions distributed in parallel and a chute connecting the two horizontal portions (as shown in fig. 1).

Further, when the movable hopper 112 is located near the storage hopper 151, the first shifting block 114 on the bottom plate 113 is located in the upper horizontal portion of the first guide groove 118, the bottom plate 113 seals the movable hopper 112, the movable hopper 112 can receive materials falling from the storage hopper 151, when the movable hopper 112 moves away from the storage hopper 151 to the feed opening, the first shifting block 114 moves along the chute and enters the lower horizontal portion of the first guide groove 118, the bottom plate 113 rotates relative to the movable hopper 112, the bottom of the movable hopper 112 is opened, and the materials in the movable hopper 112 uniformly fall on the frame 1, so that the push plate 111 uniformly pushes the materials into the guide cylinder 124.

As a further embodiment of the present application, the push plate 111 is movably provided with a plurality of elastic pulling plates, and the frame 1 is provided with a second guiding groove 119 for guiding the elastic pulling plates to reciprocate.

Specifically, the second guiding groove 119 is in a wave shape, the push plate 111 is slidably provided with a movable rod 115, the movable rod 115 is provided with an elastic pulling piece 116, and the movable rod 115 is provided with a second pulling piece 117 extending into the second guiding groove 119.

Further, when the push plate 111 approaches to the feed opening, the material on the movable bucket 112 falls on the frame 1, the second shifting block 117 moves along the wavy second guide groove 119, and then drives the movable rod 115 to reciprocate on the push plate 111, and then pushes the material in front of the push plate 111, and the elastic shifting block 116 shifts the material between the two feed openings into any feed opening in the reciprocating movement process, so that the material on the frame 1 can be fully utilized.

As still another embodiment of the present application, the driving assembly 14 is further provided, and the driving assembly 14 includes a movable plate 142 movably mounted on the frame 1, a plurality of pressing rods 143 are rotatably provided on the movable plate 142, and the movable plate 142 is moved such that the pressing rods 143 are inserted into the guide cylinder 124.

Specifically, the driving assembly 14 includes an electric telescopic rod 141 fixedly mounted on the frame 1, a movable plate 142 is disposed at an end of the electric telescopic rod 141, and a rocker 149 is disposed between the movable plate 142 and the push plate 111.

Further, when the electric telescopic rod 141 is extended, the movable plate 142 moves downwards, the push plate 111 is pushed to approach the storage hopper 151 by the rocker 149, the movable hopper 112 receives the material falling from the storage hopper 151, the extruding rod 143 on the movable plate 142 is inserted into the guide cylinder 124, the extruding rod 121 is matched to extrude the material in the guide cylinder 124, the material in the guide cylinder 124 is extruded into a solid sphere, then the electric telescopic rod 141 is shortened, the movable plate 142 is driven to move upwards, the extruding rod 143 is separated from the guide cylinder 124, the push plate 111 approaches the feed opening, and the material in the movable hopper 112 is uniformly pushed into the feed openings.

As a further embodiment of the present application, the inner wall of the guide cylinder 124 is provided with a thread-shaped guide groove, and the extrusion rod 143 is symmetrically provided with a protrusion 148 adapted to the guide groove.

Specifically, when the movable plate 142 moves down, the extrusion rod 143 is inserted into the guide cylinder 124, the protrusion 148 on the extrusion rod 143 is inserted into the thread-shaped guide groove on the inner wall of the guide cylinder 124, the movable plate 142 continues to move down, the extrusion rod 143 moves down relative to the guide cylinder 124, the protrusion 148 moves along the thread-shaped guide groove, the extrusion rod 143 is driven to rotate relative to the guide cylinder 124, the extrusion rod 143 rotates relative to the material when matching with the extrusion block 121 to extrude the material, and the material is rubbed, so that the surface of the pressed ball is smoother, so that the subsequent process is performed.

As a further embodiment of the present application, the guide cylinder 124 is symmetrically provided with the knocking block 126, the movable plate 142 is provided with the first reed 145, and the movable plate 142 drives the first reed 145 to move downwards to move the knocking block 126 away from the guide cylinder 124.

Specifically, a third connecting rod 144 is disposed on the movable plate 142, first reeds 145 are symmetrically disposed on the third connecting rod 144, a first shifting plate 125 is disposed between the plurality of guide cylinders 124, a plurality of elastic sheets are disposed on the first shifting plate 125, a knocking block 126 is disposed at an end of each elastic sheet, and a second shifting plate 127 is disposed between the plurality of elastic sheets.

Further, when the movable plate 142 moves down, the first reed 145 on the third connecting rod 144 toggles the second shifting plate 127 and drives the elastic piece to deform, the distance between the knocking block 126 at the end of the elastic piece and the guide cylinder 124 is increased, the movable plate 142 continues to move down, the first reed 145 deforms and separates from the second shifting plate 127, the elastic piece is restored under the action of elasticity of the elastic piece and drives the knocking block 126 to move, the knocking block 126 impacts on the guide cylinder 124, the material inside the guide cylinder 124 vibrates, the material inside the guide cylinder 124 is more compact, and part of the material in the receiving hopper can be vibrated into the guide cylinder 124 at the same time, so that the extrusion rod 143 is matched with the extrusion block 121 to work.

As a further embodiment of the present application, the extrusion block 121 is movably provided with a first movable block 122, the extrusion block 121 is provided with a first shift lever 128, and the first reed 145 drives the guide cylinder 124 to move up and shift the first shift lever 128, so that the first movable block 122 moves relative to the extrusion block 121.

Specifically, a torsion spring is disposed between the first movable block 122 and the extrusion block 121, a hemispherical groove is formed by a groove on the first movable block 122 and a groove on the extrusion block 121, a hemispherical cavity can be formed by the hemispherical groove and the extrusion rod 143, the middle part of the first deflector rod 128 is rotatably mounted on the extrusion block 121, a second connecting rod 134 is disposed between the first movable blocks 122, the end part of the second connecting rod 134 is movably mounted at the end part of the first deflector rod 128, and an annular groove matched with the bottom of the guide cylinder 124 is integrally formed by combining the first movable block 122 and the extrusion block 121.

Further, when the movable plate 142 moves downward, the first elastic piece on the movable plate 142 deforms and passes over the first shifting plate 125 and the first shifting rod 128, the pressing rod 143 moves to the lowest point, the pressing rod 143 cooperates with the pressing block 121 and the first movable block 122 to press the material in the guide cylinder 124 into a ball, then the movable plate 142 moves upward, the first reed 145 dials the first shifting plate 125, the first shifting plate 125 drives the guide cylinder 124 to move upward, the guide cylinder 124 is separated from the pressing block 121 and the first movable block 122, the first movable block 122 is unlocked, the first reed 145 dials one end of the first shifting rod 128, the other end of the first shifting rod 128 drives the first connecting rod 123 to move, the first connecting rod 123 drives the first movable block 122 to rotate, the ball on the pressing block 121 moves along the notch of the first movable block 122 to leave the pressing block 121, the movable plate 142 continues to move upward, the first reed 145 is separated from the first movable block 128, the first movable block 122 returns to the pressing block 121 under the action of the torsion spring, the first reed 145 is separated from the first shifting plate 125, and the guide cylinder 124 is inserted into the first movable block 122 downward under the action of the torsion spring to form an integral lock 122 with the pressing block 121.

As still another embodiment of the present application, a plurality of second movable blocks 133 are movably disposed on the lower mold 131, a hemispherical groove is integrally formed between the second movable blocks 133 and the lower mold 131, a hemispherical groove is formed on the upper mold 132, a second connecting rod 134 is disposed between the plurality of second movable blocks 133, a second deflector rod 137 is movably disposed on the lower mold 131, the middle part of the second deflector rod 137 is rotatably mounted on the lower mold 131, the second connecting rod 134 is movably mounted at the end of the second deflector rod 137, a torsion spring is disposed between the second movable blocks 133 and the lower mold 131, cooling liquid pipes are disposed in the lower mold 131 and the upper mold 132, a spring is disposed between the upper mold 132 and the frame 1, wedge blocks 155 disposed on both sides of the hemispherical groove are movably disposed on the lower mold 131, a stop lever 156 for blocking the ball is disposed on the wedge blocks 155, a spring is disposed between the wedge blocks 155 and the lower mold 131, and a guide plate 154 for guiding the movement of the ball is disposed on the frame 1.

Specifically, the piston 136 is movably arranged in the transfer barrel 135, the transfer barrel 135 is provided with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, the joints are all provided with one-way valves, the liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the upper die 132, the third connecting rod 144 is provided with a second shifting piece for shifting the piston 136, the frame 1 is provided with a third shifting rod 138, the middle part of the third shifting rod 138 is rotatably arranged on the frame 1, one end of the third shifting rod 138 is positioned above the piston 136, the third connecting rod 144 is provided with a third reed 147 for shifting the other end of the third shifting rod 138, and a spring is arranged between the piston 136 and the transfer barrel 135.

Further, when the movable hopper is operated, the electric telescopic rod 141 stretches, the movable plate 142 moves downwards, the push plate 111 is pushed to approach the storage hopper 151 through the rocker 149, the push plate 111 pushes the baffle 152 to move, the bottom of the storage hopper 151 is opened, materials fall into the movable hopper 112, the push plate 111 continues to move, the reed at the end part of the telescopic plate 153 deforms until the reed is opposite to the groove on the movable hopper 112, the reed is inserted into the movable hopper 112, the movable hopper 112 pulls the telescopic plate 153 to stretch through the reed, so that the gap between the telescopic plate 153 and the baffle 152 is the same as the width of the movable hopper 112, and the materials in the storage hopper 151 fill the whole movable hopper 112 when the push plate 111 moves;

the movable plate 142 moves downwards, the first reed 145 on the third connecting rod 144 dials the second shifting plate 127 and drives the elastic piece to deform, the distance between the knocking block 126 at the end part of the elastic piece and the guide cylinder 124 is increased, the movable plate 142 continues to move downwards, the first reed 145 deforms and is separated from the second shifting plate 127, the elastic piece is restored to the original state under the action of elasticity of the elastic piece and drives the knocking block 126 to move, the knocking block 126 impacts on the guide cylinder 124, the material in the guide cylinder 124 vibrates, the material in the guide cylinder 124 is more compact, and part of the material in the receiving hopper can be vibrated into the guide cylinder 124 at the same time, so that the extrusion rod 143 is matched with the extrusion block 121 to work;

the movable plate 142 moves downwards continuously, the extrusion rod 143 is inserted into the guide cylinder 124, the lug 148 on the extrusion rod 143 is inserted into the thread-shaped guide groove on the inner wall of the guide cylinder 124, the movable plate 142 moves downwards continuously, the extrusion rod 143 moves downwards relative to the guide cylinder 124, the lug 148 moves along the thread-shaped guide groove to drive the extrusion rod 143 to rotate relative to the guide cylinder 124, the extrusion rod 143 rotates relative to the material when being matched with the extrusion block 121 to extrude the material, the material is rubbed, and the surface of the pressed sphere is smoother;

meanwhile, the second reed 146 on the third connecting rod 144 pushes the piston 136 to move, the piston 136 extrudes the liquid slow-release film in the transfer barrel 135, the liquid slow-release film passes through the one-way valve in the liquid outlet pipe on the transfer barrel 135, the liquid slow-release film is injected into the upper die 132, the liquid slow-release film is matched with the liquid slow-release film which is preliminarily cooled and solidified in the lower die 131 to wrap the ball, at the moment, the liquid slow-release film is cooled by the cooling liquid pipelines in the upper die 132 and the lower die 131, and the liquid slow-release film is cooled and solidified on the ball;

the third connecting rod 144 continues to move downwards, the piston 136 moves to the limit position, the second reed 146 deforms and moves below the piston 136, then contacts with the upper die 132, deforms and staggers with the upper die 132 until the second reed 146 moves below the upper die 132 and the second deflector rod 137, the second reed 146 returns to the original state under the self elastic action, the spring between the piston 136 and the transfer barrel 135 pushes the piston 136 to move, and the liquid slow-release film is sucked from the liquid inlet pipe;

the first elastic piece on the third connecting rod 144 deforms and passes through the first shifting plate 125 and the first shifting rod 128, the extruding rod 143 moves to the lowest point, and the extruding rod is matched with the extruding block 121 and the first movable block 122 to press the materials in the guide cylinder 124 into balls;

then the electric telescopic rod 141 drives the movable plate 142 to move upwards, the movable plate 142 drives the third connecting rod 144 to move upwards, the second reed 146 on the third connecting rod 144 dials one end of the second deflector rod 137, drives the second connecting rod 134 on the other end of the second deflector rod 137 to move, then drives the plurality of second movable blocks 133 to rotate relative to the lower die 131, a notch is opened on the lower die 131, the second reed 146 dials the upper die 132 to move upwards, a ball body which is inside the upper die 132 and the lower die 131 and is coated with a slow release film comes out of the notch, a spring between the wedge block group 155 and the lower die 131 pushes the wedge block group 155 to drive the stop lever 156 to move inwards of the hemispherical groove, the second reed 146 is separated from the second deflector rod 137, the second movable block 133 returns to the lower die 131 under the action of a torsion spring, the third reed 147 dials one end of the third deflector rod 138, the other end of the third deflector rod 138 extrudes the piston 136, and a small amount of liquid slow release film is injected into the upper die 132, and falls into the lower die 131, and is cooled and solidified preliminarily;

the third connecting rod 144 drives the first reed 145 to move upwards, the first reed 145 dials the first shifting plate 125, the first shifting plate 125 drives the guide cylinder 124 to move upwards, the guide cylinder 124 is separated from the extrusion block 121 and the first movable block 122, the first movable block 122 is unlocked, the first reed 145 dials one end of the first shifting rod 128, the other end of the first shifting rod 128 drives the first connecting rod 123 to move, the first connecting rod 123 drives the first movable block 122 to rotate, a sphere on the extrusion block 121 leaves the extrusion block 121 along a notch after the first movable block 122 moves and falls onto the guide plate 154, the sphere enters the lower die 131 along a groove on the guide plate 154 and abuts against the stop lever 156, the sphere is positioned at the center of the lower die 131, and a liquid slow release film which is cooled and solidified primarily exists in the lower die 131;

the movable plate 142 continues to move upwards, the first reed 145 is separated from the first deflector rod 128, the first movable block 122 returns to the extrusion block 121 under the action of the torsion spring, the first reed 145 deforms and is separated from the first deflector plate 125, the guide cylinder 124 moves downwards under the action of gravity and is inserted into an annular groove formed integrally by the extrusion block 121 and the first movable block 122, the extrusion block 121 and the first movable block 122 are locked together, the upper die 132 moves to the highest point, the third reed 147 deforms and is staggered with the upper die 132, the upper die 132 moves downwards under the action of the spring and is tightly attached to the lower die 131, and the ball is wrapped;

the movable plate 142 drives the push plate 111 to approach the feed opening through the rocker 149, the baffle 152 gradually seals the bottom of the storage hopper 151 under the action of the spring, the movable hopper 112 drives the expansion plate 153 to shorten through the reed, then the movable hopper 112 extrudes the reed, the reed deformation is separated from a groove on the movable hopper 112, the expansion plate 153 scrapes redundant materials above the movable hopper 112, the movable hopper 112 can be guaranteed to take away the materials approximately the same amount each time, the push plate 111 continues to move, the movable hopper 112 is separated from the storage hopper 151, when the movable hopper 112 is positioned near the storage hopper 151, the first shifting block 114 on the bottom plate 113 is positioned in a higher horizontal part of the first guide groove 118, at the moment, the bottom plate 113 seals the movable hopper 112, can bear the materials falling from the storage hopper 151, when the movable hopper 112 moves away from the storage hopper 151 to the feed opening, the first shifting block 114 moves along the chute, and enters a lower horizontal part of the first guide groove 118, the bottom plate 113 rotates relatively to ensure that the bottom of the movable hopper 112 is opened, the materials in the movable hopper 112 uniformly fall on the frame 1, and simultaneously, the second shifting block 115 is driven to move along the second guide groove 117 and can reciprocate on the frame 111, and then the material can move to the frame 111 is fully in front of the reciprocating motion of the frame 111;

the movable rod 115 continues to move upwards, the third reed 147 deforms and passes over the piston 136, and after being staggered from the piston 136, the third reed 147 returns to its original shape to be used for next operation.

While certain exemplary embodiments of the present application have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that modifications may be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive of the scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The slow-release coated urea based on the mineral powder is characterized by comprising fertilizer particles of a core layer and a slow-release layer coated on the fertilizer particles;

2. A device for preparing slow release coated urea based on mineral powder, which is used for preparing the slow release coated urea described in the above claim 1, and is characterized by comprising a frame (1), wherein the frame (1) is provided with:

the feeding assembly (11) comprises a push plate (111);

a pressing assembly (12) including a pressing block (121), a guide cylinder (124), and a pressing rod (143);

tectorial membrane subassembly (13), it includes lower mould (131), go up mould (132) and transfer bucket (135) of last mould (132) intercommunication, wherein:

the pushing plate (111) moves to enable materials to fall into the guide cylinder (124), the extrusion rod (143) moves to be matched with the extrusion block (121) to press the materials in the guide cylinder (124) into spheres, the lower die (131) is matched with the upper die (132) to cover the spheres, and the transfer cylinder (135) injects a liquid slow-release layer into the upper die (132).

3. The preparation device of the slow-release coated urea based on the mineral powder according to claim 2, wherein a storage hopper (151) is arranged on the frame (1), a baffle plate (152) is arranged at the bottom of the storage hopper (151), and the push plate (111) moves to push the baffle plate (152) to move.

4. A device for preparing slow-release coated urea based on mineral powder according to claim 3, characterized in that a movable bucket (112) is arranged on the push plate (111), a telescopic plate (153) is arranged on the storage hopper (151), and a reed matched with the movable bucket (112) is arranged at the end part of the telescopic plate (153).

5. The equipment for preparing the slow-release coated urea based on the mineral powder, as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that a bottom plate (113) is arranged on the movable hopper (112), and a first guiding groove (118) for guiding the bottom plate (113) to rotate is arranged on the frame (1).

6. The preparation device of the slow-release coated urea based on the mineral powder according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of elastic shifting plates (116) are movably arranged on the push plate (111), and a second guide groove (119) for guiding the elastic shifting plates (116) to reciprocate is formed on the frame (1).

7. The equipment for preparing the slow-release coated urea based on the mineral powder according to claim 2, further comprising a driving assembly (14), wherein the driving assembly (14) comprises a movable plate (142) movably mounted on the frame (1), a plurality of extrusion rods (143) are rotatably arranged on the movable plate (142), and the movable plate (142) moves to enable the extrusion rods (143) to be inserted into the guide cylinder (124).

8. The preparation device of the slow-release coated urea based on the mineral powder according to claim 2, wherein the inner wall of the guide cylinder (124) is provided with a thread-shaped guide groove, and the extrusion rod (143) is symmetrically provided with a bump (148) matched with the guide groove.

9. The equipment for preparing the slow-release coated urea based on the mineral powder, according to claim 7, characterized in that the guide cylinder (124) is symmetrically provided with a knocking block (126), the movable plate (142) is provided with a first reed (145), and the movable plate (142) drives the first reed (145) to move downwards so as to move the knocking block (126) away from the guide cylinder (124).

10. The equipment for preparing the slow-release coated urea based on the mineral powder according to claim 9, wherein a first movable block (122) is movably arranged on the extrusion block (121), a first deflector rod (129) is arranged on the extrusion block (121), and the first reed (145) drives the guide cylinder (124) to move upwards and deflect the first deflector rod (129) so that the first movable block (122) moves relative to the extrusion block (121).