CN117096380A - Air circulation system of fuel cell - Google Patents
Air circulation system of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN117096380A CN117096380A CN202311184379.1A CN202311184379A CN117096380A CN 117096380 A CN117096380 A CN 117096380A CN 202311184379 A CN202311184379 A CN 202311184379A CN 117096380 A CN117096380 A CN 117096380A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an air circulation system of a fuel cell, belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and solves the problem that the prior art is difficult to realize long-time zero power on the basis of not affecting durability. The system comprises a galvanic pile, an air compressor, an intercooler, an inlet throttle valve, an atomization cavity, a spray water pump, a tail exhaust throttle valve, a water dividing piece, a sealing valve, a constant-temperature water storage tank and a controller. The air inlet of the electric pile is sequentially connected with the output end of the air compressor through the atomizing cavity, the inlet throttle valve and the intercooler, and the air tail gas outlet of the electric pile is connected with the air inlet of the water distributing piece through the tail exhaust throttle valve. The air outlet of the water distributing part is communicated with the outside atmosphere through a sealing valve, and the liquid outlet is sequentially connected with the constant-temperature water storage tank and the spray water pump and then connected with the water inlet of the atomizing cavity. When the fuel cell enters a zero-power running state, the controller firstly controls the water in the constant-temperature water storage tank to be discharged, then closes the sealing valve and the inlet throttle valve, and opens the tail exhaust throttle valve so as to ensure the consistency of the voltages of all single cells in the electric pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to an air circulation system of a fuel cell.
Background
Along with the increasing serious influence of the traditional automobiles on environmental pollution, fuel cell automobiles with the advantages of high efficiency, zero pollution, long driving range and the like are increasingly favored. The fuel cell works on the principle that hydrogen and oxygen react electrochemically under the action of a catalyst to convert chemical energy into electric energy.
When the output current of the fuel cell is very small or zero, air is introduced into the electric pile, high potential is generated at the moment, and the service life of the fuel cell is greatly damaged due to the fact that the potential is too high. Therefore, in order to reduce the electric potential, it is necessary to control the air flow rate. When the air flow is very small, the air is unevenly distributed in the pile, so that not only is a lot of high potential, but also a lot of low potential is generated, the reverse polarity is easy to appear when the potential is too low, and the service life of the pile is seriously influenced.
For a long-time zero-power scene, in order to prevent the occurrence of a long-time high potential, a shutdown strategy has to be adopted, frequent shutdown is performed for frequent purging operation, and particularly long-time cold purging operation in winter has a great influence on the durability of a pile.
The circulating pump is added to the air path, so that when the amount of air entering the stack is small, the uniformity of air distribution is improved by improving the circulating flow of air, and each piece of air is ensured to have proper air supply. However, after the air circulation pump is added, the cost of the fuel cell system is increased, the failure rate of the existing air circulation pump is generally high, and the reliability of the fuel cell product is also affected, so that the scheme only exists in a laboratory at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a fuel cell air circulation system to solve the problem that it is difficult to achieve long-time zero power without affecting durability in the prior art.
In one aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides an air circulation system of a fuel cell, which comprises a galvanic pile, an air compressor, an intercooler, an inlet throttle valve, an atomization cavity, a spray water pump, a tail exhaust throttle valve, a water distributing piece, a sealing valve, a constant-temperature water storage tank and a controller; wherein,
the air inlet of the electric pile is connected with the output end of the air compressor through the atomizing cavity, the inlet throttle valve and the intercooler in sequence, and the air tail gas outlet of the electric pile is connected with the air inlet of the water distributing piece through the tail exhaust throttle valve; the air outlet of the water diversion part is communicated with the external atmosphere through a sealing valve, and the liquid outlet of the water diversion part is sequentially connected with a constant-temperature water storage tank and a spray water pump;
and the controller is used for controlling the water in the constant-temperature water storage tank to be discharged when the fuel cell enters a zero-power running state, closing the sealing valve and the inlet throttle valve, and opening the tail-row throttle valve, so that air reciprocates in a circulation loop of the electric pile, the tail-row throttle valve, the water dividing piece, the constant-temperature water storage tank, the spray water pump, the atomizing cavity and the electric pile, and the consistency of the voltages of all single batteries in the electric pile is ensured.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the scheme can realize air circulation without adding a circulating pump, so that the long-time zero-power function is realized on the basis of not affecting the durability of the galvanic pile. Under the condition that the existing spray humidification framework is not changed, the air recirculation is realized by adopting a working mode of adjusting a spray water pump and an air supplementing mode of an air path, and finally, the method of long-time 0 power is realized. The system can realize the function of long-time zero power without any modification on the basis of the existing spray humidification framework, does not additionally increase the system cost, does not increase the failure rate of the system, and prolongs the service life of the electric pile.
Based on the further improvement of the system, the fuel cell air circulation system also comprises a bypass throttle valve and a tail exhaust pipeline; wherein,
the output of the air compressor is divided into two paths after passing through the intercooler, one path is connected with the air inlet of the electric pile through the inlet throttle valve and the atomizing cavity in sequence, and the other path is connected with the tail exhaust pipeline through the bypass throttle valve.
Further, the fuel cell air circulation system further includes a drain valve; and, in addition, the processing unit,
the bottom of the constant temperature water storage tank is provided with a water outlet which is connected with a drain valve.
Further, the controller executes the following program:
s1, identifying whether the fuel cell enters a zero-power operation mode, if so, executing the next step, otherwise, continuing to identify whether the fuel cell enters the zero-power operation mode at the next moment;
s2, controlling the output current of the fuel cell to be reduced to a minimum sustainable output current point allowed by a fuel cell system;
s3, opening a drain valve, controlling the constant-temperature water storage tank to drain water, closing a sealing valve, and adjusting the rotating speed of the spray water pump to the rotating speed corresponding to the zero-power operation mode;
s4, controlling the output current of the fuel cell to be reduced to a target current point corresponding to a zero-power operation mode;
s5, controlling an inlet throttle valve to be gradually closed, and opening a bypass throttle valve;
s6, adjusting the opening of the bypass throttle valve and the rotating speed of the air compressor to enable the air pressure of the output gas of the intercooler to be in a set target range;
s7, identifying whether the fuel cell enters a zero-power operation mode successfully, and if not, re-executing the steps S6-S7.
Further, the fuel cell air circulation system further includes:
the temperature and pressure integrated sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the output end pipeline of the intercooler and is used for acquiring the temperature and the air pressure of the output gas of the intercooler and sending the temperature and the air pressure to the controller;
and the silencer is arranged on the tail exhaust pipeline and is used for silencing the gas output by the bypass throttle valve and the sealing valve.
Further, the controller further executes the following subroutine to complete the function of identifying whether the fuel cell enters the zero-power operation mode in step S1:
s11, determining whether the fuel cell is in normal operation or not, and if so, executing the next step;
s12, when the fuel cell normally operates, judging whether the target power of the fuel cell at the next moment is 0 or not at regular time, if so, judging that the fuel cell enters a zero power operation mode, and if not, judging that the fuel cell does not enter the zero power operation mode.
Further, the controller performs the following subroutine to complete the function of step S3:
s31, opening a drain valve, setting the drain time of the drain valve according to the water full condition of the constant-temperature water storage tank, and completely draining the water in the constant-temperature water storage tank;
s32, after the water discharge is finished, closing the sealing valve, controlling the tail exhaust throttle valve to be fully opened, and simultaneously controlling the spray water pump to adjust the rotation speed corresponding to the zero-power operation mode.
Further, the controller performs the following subroutine to complete the function of step S7 to identify whether the fuel cell has successfully entered the zero power operation mode:
s71, acquiring the actual current of the fuel cell;
s72, identifying whether the actual current of the fuel cell is in a set current range corresponding to the zero power operation mode, if so, judging that the fuel cell successfully enters the zero power operation mode, otherwise, judging that the fuel cell does not successfully enter the zero power operation mode.
Further, the fuel cell air circulation system also comprises a fuel cell monolithic voltage inspection device; the input end of the fuel cell single-chip voltage inspection device is connected with the power supply end of each single-chip cell in the electric pile, and is used for acquiring the output voltage of each single-chip cell in the electric pile and sending the output voltage to the controller; and, the controller also executes the following procedure to accomplish the stack durability maintenance function in the zero power mode of operation:
s8, after the fuel cell successfully enters a zero-power operation mode, regularly identifying whether the average single-chip voltage of the electric pile is smaller than 0.7V, if so, simultaneously opening an inlet throttle valve and a drain valve to supplement fresh air in a circulation loop and discharge impurity gas, and executing the next step;
s9, identifying whether the average single-chip voltage of the electric pile is larger than 0.8V, and if so, closing an inlet throttle valve and a drain valve at the same time, and stopping supplementing fresh air.
Further, the controller also executes the following program to complete the switching function of the fuel cell from the zero-power operation mode to the normal operation mode:
s10, after the fuel cell successfully enters a zero-power operation mode, if the target power of the fuel cell is monitored to be greater than zero, opening an inlet throttle valve and a sealing valve, closing a bypass throttle valve at the same time, recovering current to a current point corresponding to the target power, jumping out of the zero-power operation mode, and entering a normal operation mode.
The summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the invention, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the constitution of an air circulation system of a fuel cell of example 1;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the air circulation system of the fuel cell of example 2;
fig. 3 shows a control schematic of the fuel cell air circulation system of embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The term "comprising" and variations thereof as used herein means open ended, i.e., "including but not limited to. The term "or" means "and/or" unless specifically stated otherwise. The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment. The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like, may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
The following first describes the terms and definitions of terms of art to which the present invention relates.
A fuel cell engine: an engine system for converting chemical energy into electric energy by electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen comprises a fuel supply system, an air circulation system, a cooling liquid system, a galvanic pile and the like.
Pile: is a core component of the fuel cell engine.
Example 1
In one embodiment of the invention, an air circulation system of a fuel cell is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1, an air path framework of the air circulation system comprises a galvanic pile, an air compressor, an intercooler, an inlet throttle valve, an atomization cavity, a spray water pump, a tail exhaust throttle valve, a water distributing piece, a sealing valve, a constant-temperature water storage tank and a controller.
The air inlet of the electric pile is sequentially connected with the output end of the air compressor through the atomizing cavity, the inlet throttle valve and the intercooler, and the air tail gas outlet of the electric pile is connected with the air inlet of the water diversion piece through the tail exhaust throttle valve. The air outlet of the water dividing piece is communicated with the external atmosphere through a sealing valve, and the liquid outlet of the water dividing piece is sequentially connected with a constant-temperature water storage tank and a spray water pump and then connected with the water inlet of the atomizing cavity.
And the controller is used for controlling the water in the constant-temperature water storage tank to be discharged when the fuel cell enters a zero-power running state, closing the sealing valve and the inlet throttle valve, and opening the tail-row throttle valve, so that air reciprocates in a circulation loop of the electric pile, the tail-row throttle valve, the water dividing piece, the constant-temperature water storage tank, the spray water pump, the atomizing cavity and the electric pile, and the consistency of the voltages of all single batteries in the electric pile is ensured.
When in implementation, the air path structure is a scheme of replacing the original membrane humidifier by a spray humidification scheme. The water generated by the electric pile enters the constant temperature water storage tank through the water dividing piece, and then is pumped into the atomizing cavity through the atomizing water pump to be atomized, so that dry air from the air compressor is humidified, and the purpose of humidification is achieved.
When the fuel cell enters a zero-power running state, water in the constant-temperature water storage tank is discharged, after the fuel cell is completely discharged, the sealing valve and the inlet throttle valve are closed, and the tail-row throttle valve is opened, so that air reciprocates in a circulation loop of a pile, the tail-row throttle valve, a water dividing piece, the constant-temperature water storage tank, a spray water pump, an atomizing cavity and the pile, the air can circulate in the circulation loop by utilizing the spray water pump, the air distribution performance is improved, and the consistency of all single-chip cell voltages in the pile in the zero-power running state of the pile is improved, so that the long-time zero-power running target is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment provides a scheme capable of realizing air circulation without adding a circulating pump so as to realize a long-time zero-power function on the basis of not affecting the durability of a galvanic pile. Under the condition that the existing spray humidification framework is not changed, the air recirculation is realized by adopting a working mode of adjusting a spray water pump and an air supplementing mode of an air path, and finally, the method of long-time 0 power is realized. The system can realize the function of long-time zero power without any modification on the basis of the existing spray humidification framework, does not additionally increase the system cost, does not increase the failure rate of the system, and prolongs the service life of the electric pile.
Example 2
The improvement on the basis of the embodiment 1 is that the fuel cell air circulation system further comprises a Bypass throttle valve and a tail pipe, as shown in fig. 2. The output of the air compressor is divided into two paths after passing through the intercooler, one path is connected with the air inlet of the electric pile through the inlet throttle valve and the atomizing cavity in sequence, and the other path is connected with the tail exhaust pipeline through the bypass throttle valve.
Preferably, the fuel cell air circulation system further includes a drain valve. And a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the constant-temperature water storage tank and is connected with the water drainage valve.
Preferably, the fuel cell air circulation system further includes a temperature and pressure integrated sensor. And the temperature and pressure integrated sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the output end pipeline of the intercooler and used for acquiring the temperature and the air pressure of the output gas of the intercooler and sending the temperature and the air pressure to the controller.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the controller performs the following procedure:
s1, identifying whether the fuel cell enters a zero-power operation mode (by using the target power or other existing identification modes, for example, see Chinese patent CN111430758A, CN114347869A and the like), if so, executing the next step, otherwise, continuing to identify whether the fuel cell enters the zero-power operation mode at the next moment;
s2, controlling the output current of the fuel cell to be reduced to a minimum sustainable output current point allowed by a fuel cell system (see a fuel cell design manual);
s3, opening a drain valve, controlling the water in the constant-temperature water storage tank to be drained (the water can be completely drained through the later drainage time or the identification by arranging a liquid level sensor at the bottom of the constant-temperature water storage tank), closing a sealing valve, and adjusting the rotating speed of the spray water pump to the rotating speed corresponding to the zero-power operation mode (determined through experiments);
s4, controlling the output current of the fuel cell to be reduced to a target current point corresponding to a zero-power operation mode;
s5, controlling an inlet throttle valve to be gradually closed, and opening a bypass throttle valve;
s6, adjusting the opening degree of a bypass throttle valve and the rotating speed of an air compressor, so that the air pressure of the output air of the intercooler (namely, the air pressure data obtained by the temperature and pressure integrated sensor) is in a set target range (within +/-2 kPa in an exemplary manner);
s7, identifying whether the fuel cell enters the zero-power operation mode successfully (which can be determined by the actual current of the fuel cell and other existing identification modes, for example, see Chinese patent CN111430758A, CN114347869A, etc.), and if not, re-executing the steps S6-S7.
Preferably, the fuel cell air circulation system further comprises a muffler. And the silencer is arranged on the tail exhaust pipeline and is used for silencing the gas output by the bypass throttle valve and the sealing valve.
Preferably, the controller further executes the following subroutine to complete the function of identifying whether the fuel cell enters the zero-power operation mode in step S1:
s11, determining whether the fuel cell is in normal operation or not, and if so, executing the next step;
s12, when the fuel cell normally operates, judging whether the target power of the fuel cell at the next moment is 0 or not at regular time, if so, judging that the fuel cell enters a zero power operation mode, and if not, judging that the fuel cell does not enter the zero power operation mode.
Preferably, the controller further performs the following subroutine to complete the function of step S3:
s31, opening a drain valve, setting the drain time of the drain valve according to the water full condition of the constant-temperature water storage tank, and completely draining the water in the constant-temperature water storage tank;
s32, after the water discharge is finished, closing the sealing valve, controlling the tail exhaust throttle valve to be fully opened, and simultaneously controlling the spray water pump to work at the rotating speed corresponding to the zero-power running mode.
Preferably, the controller further executes the following subroutine to complete the function of step S7 to identify whether the fuel cell has successfully entered the zero power operation mode:
s71, acquiring the actual current of the fuel cell;
s72, identifying whether the actual current of the fuel cell is within a set current range (within +/-2A in an exemplary way) corresponding to the zero-power operation mode, if so, judging that the fuel cell successfully enters the zero-power operation mode, otherwise, judging that the fuel cell does not successfully enter the zero-power operation mode.
Preferably, the fuel cell air circulation system further comprises a fuel cell monolithic voltage inspection device. The input end of the fuel cell single-chip voltage inspection device is connected with the power supply end of each single-chip cell in the electric pile, the output end of the fuel cell single-chip voltage inspection device is connected with the controller, and the fuel cell single-chip voltage inspection device is used for acquiring the output voltage of each single-chip cell in the electric pile and sending the output voltage to the controller.
The controller also executes the following program to perform the stack durability maintenance function in the zero power mode of operation:
s8, after the fuel cell successfully enters a zero-power operation mode, regularly identifying whether the average single-chip voltage of the electric pile is smaller than 0.7V, if so, simultaneously opening an inlet throttle valve and a drain valve to supplement fresh air in a circulation loop and discharge impurity gas, and executing the next step, otherwise, maintaining the closing state of the inlet throttle valve and the drain valve;
s9, identifying whether the average single-chip voltage of the electric pile is larger than 0.8V, and if so, closing an inlet throttle valve and a drain valve at the same time, and stopping supplementing fresh air.
Preferably, the controller further executes the following program to accomplish a switching function of the fuel cell from the zero power operation mode to the normal operation mode:
s10, after the fuel cell successfully enters a zero-power operation mode, if the target power of the fuel cell is monitored to be greater than zero, opening an inlet throttle valve and a sealing valve, closing a bypass throttle valve at the same time, recovering current to a current point corresponding to the target power, jumping out of the zero-power operation mode, and entering a normal operation mode.
When the air circulation system is implemented, the air circulation system consists of an air filter, a flowmeter, an air compressor, an intercooler, an inlet throttle valve, an atomization cavity, a bypass throttle valve, a tail exhaust throttle valve, a water dividing piece, a sealing valve, a constant-temperature water storage tank, a drain valve, a spray water pump and a silencer. In this scheme, the water that the galvanic pile produced gets into the constant temperature water storage tank through dividing the water spare, then pumps the atomizing chamber through the spraying water pump and atomizes, for the dry air humidification who comes from the air compressor machine, reaches the purpose of humidification, and the drain valve below the constant temperature water storage tank is for controlling the water tank liquid level use, prevents that the water that the liquid level is too high from leading to dividing the water spare can not flow into the constant temperature water storage tank smoothly thereby leads to the air outlet to block up.
When the air circulation system is in normal operation, the air circulation system is a humidifying framework, when the air circulation system enters zero power, water in the constant-temperature water storage tank can be drained, then the sealing valve and the inlet throttle valve are closed, and the tail-row throttle valve is opened, so that parts of a pile, an atomization cavity, a spray water pump, the water storage tank, a water dividing piece, the tail-row throttle valve and pipelines between the parts just can form a circulating loop, the spray water pump can be utilized to circulate air in the air loop, the distribution performance of the air is improved, and the consistency of single-chip voltage of the pile when the power is zero is improved, so that a long-time zero power operation target is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell air circulation system provided by the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
1. under the condition that the existing spray humidification framework is not changed, the air recirculation is realized by adopting a working mode of adjusting a spray water pump and an air supplementing mode of an air path, and finally, the long-time zero-power operation is realized.
2. Simple structure, user experience is effectual.
The foregoing description of embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or the improvement of the prior art, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The air circulation system of the fuel cell is characterized by comprising a galvanic pile, an air compressor, an intercooler, an inlet throttle valve, an atomization cavity, a spray water pump, a tail exhaust throttle valve, a water dividing piece, a sealing valve, a constant-temperature water storage tank and a controller; wherein,
the air inlet of the electric pile is connected with the output end of the air compressor through the atomizing cavity, the inlet throttle valve and the intercooler in sequence, and the air tail gas outlet of the electric pile is connected with the air inlet of the water distributing piece through the tail exhaust throttle valve; the air outlet of the water diversion part is communicated with the external atmosphere through a sealing valve, and the liquid outlet of the water diversion part is sequentially connected with a constant-temperature water storage tank and a spray water pump;
and the controller is used for controlling the water in the constant-temperature water storage tank to be discharged when the fuel cell enters a zero-power running state, closing the sealing valve and the inlet throttle valve, and opening the tail-row throttle valve, so that air reciprocates in a circulation loop of the electric pile, the tail-row throttle valve, the water dividing piece, the constant-temperature water storage tank, the spray water pump, the atomizing cavity and the electric pile, and the consistency of the voltages of all single batteries in the electric pile is ensured.
2. The fuel cell air circulation system of claim 1, further comprising a bypass throttle, a tail pipe; wherein,
the output of the air compressor is divided into two paths after passing through the intercooler, one path is connected with the air inlet of the electric pile through the inlet throttle valve and the atomizing cavity in sequence, and the other path is connected with the tail exhaust pipeline through the bypass throttle valve.
3. The fuel cell air circulation system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a drain valve; and, in addition, the processing unit,
the bottom of the constant temperature water storage tank is provided with a water outlet which is connected with a drain valve.
4. The fuel cell air circulation system according to claim 3, wherein the controller executes the following procedure:
s1, identifying whether the fuel cell enters a zero-power operation mode, if so, executing the next step, otherwise, continuing to identify whether the fuel cell enters the zero-power operation mode at the next moment;
s2, controlling the output current of the fuel cell to be reduced to a minimum sustainable output current point allowed by a fuel cell system;
s3, opening a drain valve, controlling the constant-temperature water storage tank to drain water, closing a sealing valve, and adjusting the rotating speed of the spray water pump to the rotating speed corresponding to the zero-power operation mode;
s4, controlling the output current of the fuel cell to be reduced to a target current point corresponding to a zero-power operation mode;
s5, controlling an inlet throttle valve to be gradually closed, and opening a bypass throttle valve;
s6, adjusting the opening of the bypass throttle valve and the rotating speed of the air compressor to enable the air pressure of the output gas of the intercooler to be in a set target range;
s7, identifying whether the fuel cell enters a zero-power operation mode successfully, and if not, re-executing the steps S6-S7.
5. The fuel cell air circulation system according to claim 4, further comprising:
the temperature and pressure integrated sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the output end pipeline of the intercooler and is used for acquiring the temperature and the air pressure of the output gas of the intercooler and sending the temperature and the air pressure to the controller;
and the silencer is arranged on the tail exhaust pipeline and is used for silencing the gas output by the bypass throttle valve and the sealing valve.
6. The fuel cell air circulation system according to claim 5, wherein the controller further performs the following subroutine to perform the function of identifying whether the fuel cell enters the zero power operation mode in step S1:
s11, determining whether the fuel cell is in normal operation or not, and if so, executing the next step;
s12, when the fuel cell normally operates, judging whether the target power of the fuel cell at the next moment is 0 or not at regular time, if so, judging that the fuel cell enters a zero power operation mode, and if not, judging that the fuel cell does not enter the zero power operation mode.
7. The fuel cell air circulation system according to claim 5, wherein the controller further performs the following subroutine to perform the function of step S3:
s31, opening a drain valve, setting the drain time of the drain valve according to the water full condition of the constant-temperature water storage tank, and completely draining the water in the constant-temperature water storage tank;
s32, after the water discharge is finished, closing the sealing valve, controlling the tail exhaust throttle valve to be fully opened, and simultaneously controlling the spray water pump to adjust the rotation speed corresponding to the zero-power operation mode.
8. The fuel cell air circulation system according to claim 7, wherein the controller further performs the following subroutine to complete the step S7 of identifying whether the fuel cell has successfully entered the zero power operation mode:
s71, acquiring the actual current of the fuel cell;
s72, identifying whether the actual current of the fuel cell is in a set current range corresponding to the zero power operation mode, if so, judging that the fuel cell successfully enters the zero power operation mode, otherwise, judging that the fuel cell does not successfully enter the zero power operation mode.
9. The fuel cell air circulation system according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, further comprising a fuel cell monolithic voltage patrol; the input end of the fuel cell single-chip voltage inspection device is connected with the power supply end of each single-chip cell in the electric pile, and is used for acquiring the output voltage of each single-chip cell in the electric pile and sending the output voltage to the controller; and, the controller also executes the following procedure to accomplish the stack durability maintenance function in the zero power mode of operation:
s8, after the fuel cell successfully enters a zero-power operation mode, regularly identifying whether the average single-chip voltage of the electric pile is smaller than 0.7V, if so, simultaneously opening an inlet throttle valve and a drain valve to supplement fresh air in a circulation loop and discharge impurity gas, and executing the next step;
s9, identifying whether the average single-chip voltage of the electric pile is larger than 0.8V, and if so, closing an inlet throttle valve and a drain valve at the same time, and stopping supplementing fresh air.
10. The fuel cell air circulation system according to claim 9, wherein the controller further executes a program to perform a switching function of the fuel cell from the zero power operation mode to the normal operation mode:
s10, after the fuel cell successfully enters a zero-power operation mode, if the target power of the fuel cell is monitored to be greater than zero, opening an inlet throttle valve and a sealing valve, closing a bypass throttle valve at the same time, recovering current to a current point corresponding to the target power, jumping out of the zero-power operation mode, and entering a normal operation mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311184379.1A CN117096380A (en) | 2023-09-14 | 2023-09-14 | Air circulation system of fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311184379.1A CN117096380A (en) | 2023-09-14 | 2023-09-14 | Air circulation system of fuel cell |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117096380A true CN117096380A (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311184379.1A Pending CN117096380A (en) | 2023-09-14 | 2023-09-14 | Air circulation system of fuel cell |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117096380A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-09-14 CN CN202311184379.1A patent/CN117096380A/en active Pending
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