CN117078106A - Comprehensive evaluation and index weight sensitivity analysis method for blasting rock mass quality - Google Patents

Comprehensive evaluation and index weight sensitivity analysis method for blasting rock mass quality Download PDF

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CN117078106A
CN117078106A CN202311114784.6A CN202311114784A CN117078106A CN 117078106 A CN117078106 A CN 117078106A CN 202311114784 A CN202311114784 A CN 202311114784A CN 117078106 A CN117078106 A CN 117078106A
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焦堂贤
崔凯
王东华
吴国鹏
马俊宁
刘辉
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Lanzhou University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive evaluation and index weight sensitivity analysis method for the quality of a blasted rock mass, which comprises the following steps: selecting a blasting rock mass quality evaluation index; establishing a rock mass quality grading standard and establishing a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation system; calculating a digital characteristic value of a cloud model according to a rock mass quality grading standard and a cloud model theory, and generating a cloud model diagram; comprehensively weighting rock mass quality evaluation indexes according to an entropy weight method and a variation coefficient method; calculating the cloud model certainty of each rock mass quality evaluation index classification of the evaluation rock mass, calculating the comprehensive certainty of the rock mass, and comparing to obtain a final rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result; and carrying out weight sensitivity analysis on the quality evaluation index of the blasted rock mass according to an OAT method. The invention comprehensively considers the influence factors of the quality of the rock mass in multiple aspects, provides the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of the blasted rock mass and the index weight sensitivity analysis method by comprehensively weighting the evaluation index, and has important theoretical and engineering practical significance for the construction design of blasted rock mass engineering.

Description

Comprehensive evaluation and index weight sensitivity analysis method for blasting rock mass quality
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock mass quality evaluation of underground space engineering and side slope engineering, in particular to a comprehensive evaluation and index weight sensitivity analysis method for the quality of a blasted rock mass, which comprehensively considers the damage characteristics of the blasted rock mass and the attribute of the rock mass to perform comprehensive evaluation on the rock mass.
Background
As one of the most important components in the exploration and design of the rock mass engineering, the rock mass quality evaluation classification is the comprehensive reflection of rock mass composition, performance, integrity, occurrence environment and the like, in the geotechnical engineering construction, the rock mass with good performance and stability basically does not need to be treated, and the rock mass with weak performance, low integrity and poor stability usually needs to be reinforced and supported in a complicated and expensive way, so that the accurate and rapid rock mass quality evaluation classification aiming at the actual engineering has great theoretical and practical guiding significance for the rock mass engineering construction. The calculation result of the conventional rock mass grading method has obvious uncertainty, the weight determination method of each evaluation index still has some defects when the rock mass grading is carried out by considering multiple factors, the related research of rock mass evaluation aiming at the stress characteristics of the blasted rock mass is more fresh, and the stability and index sensitivity analysis of the rock mass evaluation method are carried out in fresh research.
The application number is: 202110431797.0 discloses a grouting quality comprehensive evaluation method based on an analytic hierarchy process and a variable fuzzy set theory, which comprises the following steps: selecting a first-level index and a second-level index according to industry standard specifications of grouting engineering construction quality, wherein the first-level index is pre-grouting property, design and construction rationality and post-grouting quality, the second-level index of pre-grouting property is rock mass property and slurry property, the second-level index of design and construction rationality is design parameter and construction parameter, and the second-level index of post-grouting quality is permeability, compactness and durability; and classifying the grouting quality grade criteria into five grade criteria, the grade criteria of the grouting quality grade including excellent, good, medium, acceptable and poor. The invention solves the problems of relatively subjective and excessively high requirement on original data and poor credibility of the existing grouting comprehensive evaluation result. However, the analytic hierarchy process utilized by the invention is a subjective weight determining method, that is, the index weight calculation result depends on the judgment of the importance degree of the decision maker on each index, so that the subjectivity is high; the quantitative data is few when the index is weighted, the qualitative ingredients are more, and the result is not easy to convince; and when the indexes are too many, the data statistics are large, and the weight is difficult to judge.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that the damage characteristics of the blasted rock are not comprehensively considered in the existing rock mass evaluation method, the uncertainty of calculation results of different rock mass evaluation methods and the lack of sensitivity analysis on the evaluation method exist, the invention provides a comprehensive blasted rock mass quality evaluation and index weight sensitivity analysis method, which comprehensively considers various factors such as the damage characteristics of the blasted rock mass, the integrity of the rock mass, the hardness degree, the occurrence environment of the rock mass and the like, comprehensively considers influencing factors reflecting the quality of the blasted rock mass, realizes comprehensive evaluation on the quality of the blasted rock mass, analyzes and verifies the sensitivity and the stability of the method, and provides good references for blasting excavation and design construction.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a comprehensive evaluation and index weight sensitivity analysis method for the quality of a blasted rock mass comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting rock mass quality evaluation indexes according to the damage characteristics of a blasted rock mass and considering the physical and mechanical properties, the integrity and the site occurrence environment of the rock mass and the interaction and influence factors among the factors;
s2, establishing a rock mass quality grading standard by using the selected rock mass quality evaluation index, and constructing a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation system;
S3, calculating digital characteristic values of cloud models of the rock mass quality evaluation indexes under each grade based on rock mass quality grading standards and cloud model theory, and generating a cloud model diagram of each grade of the rock mass quality evaluation indexes;
s4, determining the comprehensive weight of each rock mass quality evaluation index according to a comprehensive weighting method;
and S5, calculating the certainty factor of each evaluation index of the rock mass under each grade according to the cloud model theory, calculating the comprehensive certainty factor of the rock mass according to the comprehensive weight obtained in the step S4, and comparing to obtain a final rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result.
Preferably, the method further comprises step S6: and carrying out sensitivity analysis on rock mass quality evaluation indexes based on an OAT method, changing weight distribution of the quality evaluation indexes, and verifying a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result by using a single factor rotation method.
Preferably, the rock mass quality evaluation index selected according to the damage characteristics of the blasted rock mass and considering the integrity of the rock mass and the site occurrence environment is as follows: the rock tensile strength, the integrity coefficient, the rock quality index and the multi-factor index of the composition form 6 rock mass quality evaluation indexes; based on the traditional rock mass quality grading method, the rock mass quality evaluation index is graded into 5 grades according to the index value by considering the actual blasting rock mass engineering.
Preferably, the digital characteristic value of the cloud model includes:
wherein Ex is mathematical expectation, en is entropy, and He is super entropy; c (C) max 、C min The maximum value and the minimum value of a value range of a certain grading of rock mass quality evaluation indexes are respectively.
Preferably, the method for generating the cloud model graph according to the cloud model theory comprises the following steps: substituting the digital characteristic values of the cloud model of the rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade into a rock mass certainty calculation formula according to the cloud model theory to obtain a certainty calculation formula of the rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade; random generation of random numbers x of expected Ex and entropy En of multiple groups of rock mass quality evaluation indexes under each grading (i) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Randomly generating random numbers En' with the expectation of En and the entropy of He of a plurality of groups of rock mass quality evaluation indexes under each grading; will be a random number x (i) Substitution of En' into the corresponding rock mass quality evaluation index is indeed under each gradeThe certainty degree calculation formula obtains the certainty degree u (x(i)) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Random number x of rock mass quality evaluation index under each grading (i) Degree of certainty u (x(i)) And generating a cloud model diagram of the rock mass quality evaluation index in the scatter diagram.
Preferably, the rock mass certainty factor calculation formula is:
wherein x is a test value of rock mass quality evaluation index; u (u) (x) Representing the certainty of the rock mass.
Preferably, the method for determining the comprehensive weight of each rock mass quality evaluation index by using the comprehensive weighting method comprises the following steps: and respectively determining the weight of the rock mass quality evaluation index according to an entropy weight method and a variation coefficient method, and determining the comprehensive weight of the rock mass quality evaluation index by using a preference coefficient method.
Preferably, the method for calculating the rock mass quality evaluation index weight by the entropy weight method comprises the following steps: obtaining sample data x when m samples are quantitatively evaluated by using n rock mass quality evaluation indexes ij For sample data x ij Normalization processing:
for the forward index:
for negative going index:
wherein x' ij Representing sample data x ij Normalized value of (x), min (x 1j ,x 2j ,...x mj ) Minimum data of m samples representing the jth evaluation index, max (x 1j ,x 2j ,...x mj ) Maximum data for m samples of the j-th evaluation index, i=1, 2, …, m, j=1, 2,..;
information entropy of the j-th evaluation index:
wherein, conditional probability:
redundancy of information entropy: d, d j ＝1-e j ,
Thus, the weight of the j-th evaluation index based on the entropy weight method:
the method for calculating the weight of the evaluation index by the variation coefficient method comprises the following steps:
carrying out normalization processing on the sample data;
coefficient of variation of the j-th evaluation index:wherein sigma j All normalized data x 'for the j-th evaluation index' ij Standard deviation of>All normalized data x 'for the j-th evaluation index' ij An arithmetic mean of (a);
the variation weight of the j-th evaluation index obtained based on the variation coefficient method:
calculating the comprehensive weight of the j-th evaluation index by using a preference coefficient method: w (w) j ＝μα j +(1-μ)β j The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Where μ is a preference coefficient.
Preferably, the method for determining the final rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result comprises the following steps:
s51, substituting the test value of the rock mass into a corresponding determination degree calculation formula of the cloud model of the rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade to obtain the determination degree of each evaluation index of the rock mass;
s52, comprehensively weighting according to the certainty factor of each rock mass quality evaluation index of each grade to obtain the comprehensive certainty factor of the rock mass, and multiplying the certainty factor of each rock mass quality evaluation index under the corresponding grade by the corresponding comprehensive weight to obtain the comprehensive certainty factor of the rock mass in each grade;
and S53, comparing the comprehensive certainty degree of each grading of the rock mass, wherein the rock mass category corresponding to the maximum value of the comprehensive certainty degree is the final rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result.
Preferably, the implementation method for carrying out weight sensitivity analysis on rock mass quality evaluation indexes based on the OAT method comprises the following steps:
1) Setting the weight change range of a certain rock mass quality evaluation index to be +/-30%, and setting the step delta +/-5% of each weight change of the rock mass quality evaluation index;
2) Disturbance is generated on the main analysis index according to the set weight change range and step length:
wherein,the weight W is the weight of the main analysis index subjected to kdelta disturbance (j0,0) Initial weights for the primary analysis index; k is the weight step length change coefficient during sensitivity analysis;
the weights of other evaluation indexes after the change of the main analysis index are as follows:
wherein W is (j,0) Initial weights for other metrics;
3) According to the rock mass quality evaluation index weight after the change, calculating the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree after the weight change
4) Calculating the rock mass quality evaluation result change rate according to the rock mass comprehensive certainty factor before and after the weight change, namely the change rate of the rock mass comprehensive certainty factor after the weight change relative to the rock mass comprehensive certainty factor before the weight change:
wherein U is (x0) The comprehensive certainty degree of the rock mass before weight change is determined;
5) For N groups of estimated rock masses over the entire range, the absolute average rate of change of the aggregate certainty of the rock mass is calculated:
wherein,for the evaluation index j 0 The absolute average change rate of the comprehensive certainty of N groups of rock mass when the weight is changed kdelta;
6) Judging the sensitivity of the rock mass evaluation index to the rock mass evaluation result according to the absolute average change rate of the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree The larger the rock mass quality evaluation index weight is, the higher the sensitivity to the rock mass quality evaluation result is.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: selecting a blasting rock mass quality evaluation index, constructing a rock mass quality grading standard, and establishing a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation system; calculating a cloud model digital characteristic value based on rock mass quality grading standards, and generating a cloud model diagram; comprehensively weighting rock mass quality evaluation indexes based on an entropy weight method and a variation coefficient method; calculating the cloud model certainty of each index classification of the rock mass; calculating the comprehensive rock mass certainty degree, and analyzing to obtain a comprehensive rock mass quality evaluation result; and (5) performing weight sensitivity analysis on the quality evaluation index of the blasted rock mass by using an OAT method. According to the invention, the factors such as the damage characteristic, the integrity and the hardness of the blasted rock mass, the occurrence environment of the rock mass and the like are comprehensively considered, the comprehensive weighting of the evaluation index is carried out by combining the entropy weighting method and the variation coefficient method, the comprehensive evaluation of the blasted rock mass quality and the index weight sensitivity are carried out, the influence factors reflecting the blasted rock mass quality are comprehensively considered, the problem of uncertainty of the evaluation results of different rock mass quality grading methods is solved, the comprehensive evaluation of the blasted rock mass quality is realized, the influence degree of the rock mass quality evaluation index on the grading results is analyzed and verified, and the method has important theoretical and engineering practical significance on the construction design of blasted rock mass engineering.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cloud model of rock mass quality evaluation index according to the present invention, wherein (a) is an integrity factor K v (b) rock quality index ROD, (c) tensile strength sigma t (d) is K v XRQD×10, (e) is K v ×σ t X 10, (f) is K v ×RQD×σ t ×10。
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, taking a blasted rock as an example, the quality of the blasted rock is comprehensively evaluated by considering the attribute and occurrence environmental characteristics of the blasted rock, and the sensitivity of the quality evaluation index of the blasted rock is analyzed. The method comprises the following specific steps:
s1: and selecting rock mass quality evaluation indexes according to the damage characteristics of the blasted rock mass and considering the physical and mechanical properties, the integrity, the site occurrence environment, the interaction and the influence among the factors and the like of the rock mass.
According to the damage characteristics of the blasted rock mass and considering the integrity of the rock mass and the site occurrence environment, the rock mass quality evaluation indexes are selected as follows: and 6 rock mass quality evaluation indexes such as rock tensile strength, integrity coefficient, rock quality index and multi-factor index of the composition of the rock tensile strength, integrity coefficient, rock quality index and the like. The rock mass quality depends on various factors such as physical properties, mechanical properties, occurrence environment and the like. According to the damage characteristics of the blasted rock mass and considering the mechanical properties of the rock mass, selecting rock mass quality evaluation indexes as tensile strength; rock mass quality evaluation indexes selected by considering the physical properties and the integrity of the rock mass are taken as integrity coefficients; rock mass quality evaluation indexes selected by considering the rock mass occurrence environment are rock quality indexes; and considering the interaction among all evaluation factors and the rock mass quality evaluation index which influences the selection as multi-factor indexes consisting of the 3 indexes.
Under the action of explosion energy, the rock mass is in a tensile stress state in a short time, and the tensile strength is generally 1/30-1/3 of the compressive strength, so that the rock mass is extremely easy to crack and break, and therefore, the tensile strength index is necessary to be selected to represent the mechanical property of the explosion rock mass and reflect the damage characteristic of the explosion rock mass; the rock mass integrity coefficient reflects the internal structure composition of the rock mass and the development degree of cracks, and mainly reflects the physical property part of the rock mass; the rock quality index is related to the attribute of the rock mass, the occurrence environment and the like, and characterizes the influence of the occurrence environment on the grading result; finally, based on the above 3 indexes, multi-factor indexes are formed, so that interaction and influence among the 3 indexes are reflected. And various rock mass influencing factors such as the damage characteristic of the blasted rock mass, the physical property, the mechanical property and the occurrence environment of the rock mass are comprehensively considered.
S2: and establishing a rock mass quality grading standard by using the selected rock mass quality evaluation index, and constructing a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation system.
Based on the traditional rock mass grading method, the actual evaluation indexes are graded into 5 grades according to the index value by considering the blasting rock mass engineering. By an integrity factor K v For example, K v Classifying the rock mass into class I and class K in 0.75-1.00 v Classifying the rock mass into class II and class K in the range of 0.55 to 0.75 v Classifying the rock mass into III grade and K grade in 0.35-0.55 v Classifying the rock mass into IV level and K level in 0.15-0.35 v The rock mass is classified into V grade in 0.00-0.15. Other indexes are the same as above.
Dividing the rock mass integrity coefficient, the rock tensile strength, the rock quality index and the multi-factor index formed by the rock mass integrity coefficient, the rock tensile strength and the rock quality index into 5 grades according to the index value, thereby finally forming a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation system. The establishment of rock mass quality grading standards and the establishment of a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation system are the basis and foundation for performing blasting rock mass quality evaluation, and the final rock mass quality evaluation result is determined to a great extent.
The value range of the index under each grading of the rock mass quality evaluation index is as follows:
s3: and calculating 3 digital characteristic values of the cloud model of each rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade according to the rock mass quality grading standard and the cloud model theory, and generating a cloud model diagram of each grade of each rock mass quality evaluation index.
The blasting rock mass quality evaluation method based on the cloud model theory can reflect the membership degree of the rock mass to be evaluated for classifying the rock mass to which the rock mass to be evaluated belongs, and solves the problem of ambiguity between the rock mass evaluation index and the rock mass classification result.
The 3 digital eigenvalues of the cloud model are expressed as:
wherein Ex is mathematical expectation, en is entropy, he is super entropy, ex is the most representative value in the domain of qualitative concept, en represents the range of values that the domain of theory can accept by qualitative concept, is the measurement of ambiguity of qualitative concept, he is the measurement of the discrete degree of entropy, is entropy of entropy, reflects the thickness of cloud in cloud model diagram, C max 、C min The maximum value and the minimum value of a value range of a certain grading of rock mass quality evaluation indexes are respectively. For example, a rock mass of class I having an integrity factor of between 1.0 and 0.75, then the graded C max ＝1.0、C min ＝0.75。
The method comprises the following steps of: substituting the digital characteristic values of the cloud model of the rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade into a rock mass certainty calculation formula according to the cloud model theory to obtain the certainty of the rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade; randomly generating random numbers x with expected Ex and entropy En of multiple groups of rock mass quality evaluation indexes under each grading (i) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Randomly generating random numbers En' with the expectation of En and the entropy of He of a plurality of groups of rock mass quality evaluation indexes under each grading; will be a random number x (i) Substituting En' into corresponding rock mass quality evaluation index to obtain corresponding certainty degree u by using a certainty degree calculation formula under each grading (x(i)) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the X of rock mass quality evaluation index under each grading (i) 、u (x(i)) And drawing a cloud model graph for generating rock mass quality evaluation indexes in the scatter diagram.
According to the calculated digital characteristic values of the cloud model of each stage of rock mass quality evaluation index, a cloud model diagram is generated by utilizing a certainty calculation formula, and the certainty calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein x is the mass of the rock massEvaluating a test value of the index; u (u) (x) Representing the certainty of the rock mass.
Taking a cloud model diagram with rock integrity coefficients and rock classification of class I as an example. Firstly, according to the rock mass grading standard, a cloud model digital characteristic value calculation method is utilized to obtain a cloud digital characteristic value, such as a rock mass integrity coefficient K with rock mass graded as grade I v Between 0.75 and 1.00, ex= (C) max +C min ) 2= (1.00+0.75)/2=0.875, entropy en= (C) max -C min ) V6= (1.00-0.75)/6=0.042, super entropy he=0.1en=0.1×0.042=0.004. Secondly, substituting the obtained digital characteristic value into a certainty degree calculation formula:then, a plurality of groups of numbers x taking Ex=0.875 as expectations and En=0.042 as entropies are randomly generated, a plurality of groups of numbers En 'taking En=0.042 as expectations and He=0.004 as entropies are randomly generated, and the random numbers x and En' are substituted into a certainty degree calculation formula to obtain a corresponding certainty degree u (x) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Finally, take x as the horizontal axis, u (x) And drawing a cloud model diagram corresponding to the rock integrity coefficient index of which the rock is classified into the first level for the vertical axis. The generated cloud model map reflects the corresponding rock mass certainty degree change rule when the rock mass quality evaluation index value is changed, so that the relationship between the size of the rock mass quality evaluation index value, the corresponding certainty degree and the rock mass classification to which the rock mass quality evaluation index value belongs can be conveniently analyzed and observed.
S4: and determining the comprehensive weight of each rock mass quality evaluation index according to a comprehensive weighting method, namely respectively determining the weight of the rock mass quality evaluation index according to an entropy weight method and a variation coefficient method, and then determining the comprehensive weight of the rock mass quality evaluation index by utilizing a preference coefficient method.
1) Entropy weight method for calculating index weight
Data x can be obtained assuming that m samples are quantitatively evaluated using n indices ij Firstly, carrying out normalization processing on sample data:
for the forward index:
for negative going index:
wherein x' ij Representing data x ij Normalized value of (x), min (x 1j ,x 2j ,...x mj ) Minimum data of m samples representing the jth evaluation index, max (x 1j ,x 2j ,...x mj ) I=1, 2, …, m, which is the maximum data of m samples of the j-th evaluation index.
Information entropy of the j-th evaluation index:
wherein, conditional probability:
Redundancy of information entropy:
d j ＝1-e j ,j＝1,2,...,n
thus, the weight of the j-th evaluation index obtained based on the entropy weight method:
2) Coefficient of variation method for calculating evaluation index weight
Similarly, the sample data is normalized first, and the processing method is the same as the entropy weighting method.
Coefficient of variation of the j-th evaluation index:
wherein sigma j All normalized data x 'for the j-th evaluation index' ij Is set in the standard deviation of (2),all normalized data x 'for the j-th evaluation index' ij Is a mean value of the arithmetic mean value of (a).
The variation weight of the j-th evaluation index obtained based on the variation coefficient method:
3) The comprehensive weight of the j-th evaluation index is calculated by a preference coefficient method:
w j ＝μα j +(1-μ)β j
where μ is a preference coefficient, μ is 0.4.
The rock mass quality evaluation indexes are comprehensively weighted according to the entropy weight method and the variation coefficient method, the discrete degree and the variation degree of the rock mass quality evaluation indexes can be comprehensively considered, and the rock mass quality evaluation result obtained by the method has a reference value.
S5: and (3) calculating the certainty of each evaluation index of the rock mass under each grade according to the cloud model theory, calculating the comprehensive certainty of the rock mass according to the comprehensive weight of the rock mass quality evaluation index obtained in the step (S4), and determining the final rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result by comparing and analyzing the comprehensive certainty of the rock mass under each grade.
The rock mass quality evaluation result determining method comprises the following steps:
and S51, calculating the certainty degree of each classified cloud model of each rock mass quality evaluation index according to the cloud model theory. Substituting the test value of the rock mass into a certainty calculation formula of a cloud model of the corresponding rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade to obtain the certainty of each evaluation index of the rock mass. Firstly, substituting digital characteristic values (step 3 cloud model digital characteristic values) corresponding to each grade of each rock mass quality evaluation index into a certainty calculation formula to obtain a certainty calculation formula of each grade of each rock mass quality evaluation index; and substituting the index value of the rock mass to be evaluated obtained by the test into a corresponding certainty calculation formula to obtain the certainty of each stage of the rock mass quality evaluation index of the rock mass.
And S52, comprehensively weighting according to the certainty factor of the quality evaluation index of each rock mass of each grade obtained in the step S51, thereby obtaining the comprehensive certainty factor of the rock mass of each grade.
The certainty of each grade of each index of the rock mass to be evaluated has been obtained in step S51, and the comprehensive weight of each rock mass quality evaluation index has been obtained in step S4, so that the certainty of each rock mass quality evaluation index under a certain grade is multiplied by the comprehensive weight of the corresponding index to obtain the comprehensive certainty of the rock mass under the grade.
And S53, judging a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result according to the comprehensive certainty degree of each grading of the rock mass, and comparing the comprehensive certainty degree of each grading of the rock mass, wherein the rock mass category corresponding to the maximum value of the comprehensive certainty degree is the final rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result.
The comprehensive certainty of the rock mass to be evaluated under each grade is obtained through the steps, and the larger the comprehensive certainty is, the higher the degree that the rock mass belongs to the grade is, so that the final comprehensive evaluation result of the quality of the blasted rock mass can be obtained by comparing the comprehensive certainty of the rock mass under each grade.
S6: and performing sensitivity analysis on rock mass quality evaluation indexes based on an OAT method, namely changing weight distribution of the evaluation indexes, verifying a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result by using a single factor rotation method, and performing stability analysis on the rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result.
The stability of the rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation method is verified by only changing the weight of one evaluation index each time and keeping the relative weights of other evaluation indexes unchanged and analyzing the influence degree of each rock mass quality evaluation index on the evaluation result by comparing the rock mass quality evaluation results before and after the weight change, and the sensitivity of the rock mass quality evaluation index and the stability of the whole evaluation method are analyzed.
The OAT method is simple in principle and convenient to operate, can be used for analyzing the influence degree of each index weight change on the evaluation result, obtains the importance degree of each evaluation index, and can be used for verifying the stability of the calculation result of the evaluation method.
The implementation method for carrying out weight sensitivity analysis on rock mass quality evaluation indexes based on the OAT method comprises the following steps:
1) Setting the weight change range of a certain rock mass quality evaluation index to be +/-30%, and setting the step delta +/-5% of each weight change of the rock mass quality evaluation index;
2) Disturbance is generated on the main analysis index according to the set weight change range and step length,
wherein,the weight W is the weight of the main analysis index subjected to kdelta disturbance (j0,0) Is the initial weight of the primary analysis index. k is the change coefficient of the step size of the weight in the sensitivity analysis, and [ -6,6 is taken in the invention]Integer over the interval.
Correspondingly, the weights of other evaluation indexes after the main analysis index is changed are as follows
Wherein W is (j,0) Is the initial weight of the other indicators. Thus, the sum of the weights of all the evaluation indexes is ensured to be 1.
3) According to the rock mass quality evaluation index weight after the change, calculating the rock mass comprehensive certainty after the weight changeOnly the comprehensive weight of the rock mass quality evaluation index changes, and the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree calculation method is the same as that described above.
4) Calculating the rock mass quality evaluation result change rate according to the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree before and after the weight change, namely the change rate of the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree after the weight change relative to the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree before the weight change:
wherein U is (x0) And (5) comprehensively determining the degree for the rock mass before weight change.
5) For N groups of evaluation rock masses in the whole range, the sensitivity of each evaluation index to the quality evaluation results of the N groups of evaluation rock masses is reflected according to the absolute average change rate of the comprehensive determination degree of the rock masses:
wherein,for the evaluation index j 0 The absolute average change rate of the comprehensive certainty of N groups of rock masses when the weight is changed kdelta.
6) And judging the sensitivity of the rock mass quality evaluation index to the rock mass quality evaluation result according to the absolute average change rate of the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree, and analyzing the stability of the rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result. Absolute average rate of change of rock mass quality evaluation indexThe larger the weight of the evaluation index is, the higher the sensitivity of the evaluation index to the rock mass quality evaluation result is, namely the more obvious the influence degree of the index to the rock mass quality evaluation result is, and the more unstable the rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result is. By comparing +.>And verifying the stability of the evaluation method.
In the invention, sensitivity and importance degree analysis are carried out on each evaluation index at present, and the stability of an evaluation result is verified by using the method.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, taking a blasted rock as an example, the quality of the blasted rock is comprehensively evaluated by considering the attribute and occurrence environmental characteristics of the blasted rock, and the sensitivity of the quality evaluation index of the blasted rock is analyzed. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the existing 54 groups of rock mass are subjected to comprehensive evaluation of rock mass quality and index weight sensitivity analysis, and the following operations are performed according to the steps of the invention:
s1: and selecting rock mass quality evaluation indexes according to the damage characteristics of the blasted rock mass and considering the physical and mechanical properties, the integrity, the site occurrence environment, the interaction and the influence among the factors and the like of the rock mass.
According to the damage characteristics of the blasted rock mass and considering the integrity of the rock mass and the site occurrence environment, the rock mass quality evaluation indexes are selected as follows: and 6 rock mass quality evaluation indexes such as rock tensile strength, integrity coefficient, rock quality index and multi-factor index of the composition of the rock tensile strength, integrity coefficient, rock quality index and the like. The rock mass quality depends on various factors such as physical properties, mechanical properties, occurrence environment and the like. According to the damage characteristics of the blasted rock mass and considering the mechanical properties of the rock mass, selecting rock mass quality evaluation indexes as tensile strength; rock mass quality evaluation indexes selected by considering the physical properties and the integrity of the rock mass are taken as integrity coefficients; rock mass quality evaluation indexes selected by considering the rock mass occurrence environment are rock quality indexes; and considering the interaction among all evaluation factors and the rock mass quality evaluation index which influences the selection as multi-factor indexes consisting of the 3 indexes.
Under the action of explosion energy, the rock mass is in a tensile stress state in a short time, and the tensile strength is generally 1/30-1/3 of the compressive strength, so that the rock mass is extremely easy to crack and break, and therefore, the tensile strength index is necessary to be selected to represent the mechanical property of the explosion rock mass and reflect the damage characteristic of the explosion rock mass; the rock mass integrity coefficient reflects the internal structure composition of the rock mass and the development degree of cracks, and mainly reflects the physical property part of the rock mass; the rock quality index is related to the attribute of the rock mass, the occurrence environment and the like, and characterizes the influence of the occurrence environment on the grading result; finally, based on the above 3 indexes, multi-factor indexes are formed, so that interaction and influence among the 3 indexes are reflected. And various rock mass influencing factors such as the damage characteristic of the blasted rock mass, the physical property, the mechanical property and the occurrence environment of the rock mass are comprehensively considered.
The evaluation index test results of each group of rock mass are shown in table 1 according to the selected rock mass quality evaluation index.
Table 1 evaluation index test results of rock mass
S2, establishing a rock mass quality grading standard by using the selected rock mass quality evaluation index, and constructing a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation system.
Based on the traditional rock mass grading method, the actual evaluation indexes are graded into 5 grades according to the index value by considering the blasting rock mass engineering. By an integrity factor K v For example, K v Classifying the rock mass into class I and class K in 0.75-1.00 v Classifying the rock mass into class II and class K in the range of 0.55 to 0.75 v Classifying the rock mass into III grade and K grade in 0.35-0.55 v Classifying the rock mass into IV level and K level in 0.15-0.35 v The rock mass is classified into V grade in 0.00-0.15. Other indexes are the same as above.
Dividing the rock mass integrity coefficient, the rock tensile strength, the rock quality index and the multi-factor index formed by the rock mass integrity coefficient, the rock tensile strength and the rock quality index into 5 grades according to the index value, thereby finally forming a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation system. The establishment of rock mass quality grading standards and the establishment of a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation system are the basis and foundation for performing blasting rock mass quality evaluation, and the final rock mass quality evaluation result is determined to a great extent. The range of values of the rock mass quality evaluation index under each stage is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 index value Range under each stage of rock mass quality evaluation index
And S3, calculating 3 digital characteristic values of the cloud model of each rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade according to the rock mass quality grading standard and the cloud model theory, and generating a cloud model diagram of each grade of each rock mass quality evaluation index.
The blasting rock mass quality evaluation method based on the cloud model theory can reflect the membership degree of the rock mass to be evaluated for classifying the rock mass to which the rock mass to be evaluated belongs, and solves the problem of ambiguity between the rock mass evaluation index and the rock mass classification result.
The 3 digital eigenvalues of the cloud model are expressed as:
wherein Ex is mathematical expectation, en is entropy, he is super entropy, ex is the most representative value in the domain of qualitative concept, en represents the range of values that the domain of theory can accept by qualitative concept, is the measurement of ambiguity of qualitative concept, he is the measurement of the discrete degree of entropy, is entropy of entropy, reflects the thickness of cloud in cloud model diagram, C max 、C min The maximum value and the minimum value of a value range of a certain grading of rock mass quality evaluation indexes are respectively. The calculation results of the numerical eigenvalues of the cloud model of the rock mass quality evaluation index are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 digital eigenvalue calculation results
The method for generating the cloud model diagram according to the cloud model theory comprises the following steps: substituting the digital characteristic values of the cloud model of the rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade into a rock mass certainty degree calculation formula according to the cloud model theoryObtaining a definition calculation formula of rock mass quality evaluation indexes under each grade; randomly generating random numbers x with expected Ex and entropy En of multiple groups of rock mass quality evaluation indexes under each grading (i) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Randomly generating random numbers En' with the expectation of En and the entropy of He of a plurality of groups of rock mass quality evaluation indexes under each grading; will be a random number x (i) Substituting En' into corresponding rock mass quality evaluation index to obtain corresponding certainty degree u by using a certainty degree calculation formula under each grading (x(i)) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the X of rock mass quality evaluation index under each grading (i) 、u (x(i)) And drawing a cloud model graph for generating rock mass quality evaluation indexes in the scatter diagram.
According to the calculated digital characteristic values of the cloud model of each stage of rock mass quality evaluation index, a cloud model diagram is generated by utilizing a certainty calculation formula, and the certainty calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein x is a test value of rock mass quality evaluation index; u (u) (x) Representing the certainty of the rock mass.
Taking a cloud model diagram with rock integrity coefficients and rock classification of class I as an example. Firstly, according to the rock mass grading standard, a cloud model digital characteristic value calculation method is utilized to obtain a cloud digital characteristic value, such as a rock mass integrity coefficient K with rock mass graded as grade I v Between 0.75 and 1.00, ex= (C) max +C min ) 2= (1.00+0.75)/2=0.875, entropy en= (C) max -C min ) V6= (1.00-0.75)/6=0.042, super entropy he=0.1en=0.1×0.042=0.004. Secondly, substituting the obtained digital characteristic value into a certainty degree calculation formula:then, a plurality of groups of numbers x taking Ex=0.875 as expectations and En=0.042 as entropies are randomly generated, a plurality of groups of numbers En 'taking En=0.042 as expectations and He=0.004 as entropies are randomly generated, and the random numbers x and En' are substituted into a certainty degree calculation formula to obtain a corresponding certainty degree u (x) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Finally, take x as the horizontal axis, u (x) And drawing a cloud model diagram corresponding to the rock integrity coefficient index of which the rock is classified into the first level for the vertical axis. The cloud model diagram of the 6 rock mass quality evaluation indexes is shown in fig. 2. The generated cloud model map reflects the corresponding rock mass certainty degree change rule when the rock mass quality evaluation index value is changed, so that the relationship between the size of the rock mass quality evaluation index value, the corresponding certainty degree and the rock mass classification to which the rock mass quality evaluation index value belongs can be conveniently analyzed and observed.
S4, determining the comprehensive weight of each rock mass quality evaluation index according to a comprehensive weighting method, namely respectively determining the weight of the rock mass quality evaluation index according to an entropy weight method and a variation coefficient method, and determining the comprehensive weight of the rock mass quality evaluation index by using a preference coefficient method.
1) Entropy weight method for calculating index weight
Data x can be obtained assuming that m samples are quantitatively evaluated using n indices ij Firstly, carrying out normalization processing on sample data:
for the forward index:
for negative going index:
wherein x' ij Representing data x ij Normalized value of (x), min (x 1j ,x 2j ,...x mj ) Minimum data of m samples representing the jth evaluation index, max (x 1j ,x 2j ,...x mj ) I=1, 2, …, m, which is the maximum data of m samples of the j-th evaluation index. The min-max normalization results are shown in Table 4 below.
Table 4 normalized treatment results
Information entropy of the j-th evaluation index:
wherein, conditional probability:
redundancy of information entropy:
d j ＝1-e j ,j＝1,2,...,n
thus, the weight of the j-th evaluation index obtained based on the entropy weight method:
the calculation result of the index weight of the entropy weight method is shown in table 5.
Table 5 weight calculated by entropy weight method
Index (I) Information entropy value e Redundancy of information entropy d j Weighting of
Integrity coefficient K v 0.970 0.030 0.149
Rock quality index RQD 0.969 0.031 0.153
Tensile strength sigma t 0.973 0.027 0.136
K v *RQD*10 0.964 0.036 0.181
K v *σ t *10 0.965 0.035 0.175
K v *RQD*σ t *10 0.959 0.041 0.205
2) Coefficient of variation method for calculating evaluation index weight
Similarly, the sample data is normalized first, and the processing method is the same as the entropy weighting method.
Coefficient of variation of the j-th evaluation index:
wherein sigma j All normalized data x 'for the j-th evaluation index' ij Standard deviation of X j All normalized data x 'for the j-th evaluation index' ij Is a mean value of the arithmetic mean value of (a).
The variation weight of the j-th evaluation index obtained based on the variation coefficient method:
the index weight calculation results of the coefficient of variation method are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 weight calculated by coefficient of variation method
3) The comprehensive weight of the j-th evaluation index is calculated by a preference coefficient method:
w j ＝μα j +(1-μ)β j
where μ is a preference coefficient, μ is 0.4. The rock mass quality evaluation index comprehensive weight calculation results are shown in table 7.
Table 7 calculated composite weights
Index (I) Entropy weighting method Coefficient of variation method weight Comprehensive weight
Integrity coefficient K v 0.1495 0.1289 0.1371
Rock quality index RQD 0.1533 0.0845 0.1120
Tensile strength sigma t 0.1355 0.1306 0.1326
K v *RQD*10 0.1810 0.1848 0.1833
K v *σ t *10 0.1752 0.2140 0.1985
K v *RQD*σ t *10 0.2055 0.2572 0.2365
The rock mass quality evaluation indexes are comprehensively weighted according to the entropy weight method and the variation coefficient method, the discrete degree and the variation degree of the rock mass quality evaluation indexes can be comprehensively considered, and the rock mass quality evaluation result obtained by the method has a reference value.
And S5, calculating the certainty factor of each evaluation index of the rock mass under each grade according to the cloud model theory, calculating the comprehensive certainty factor of the rock mass according to the comprehensive weight obtained in the step S4, and comparing to obtain a final rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result.
The rock mass quality evaluation result determining method comprises the following steps:
and S51, calculating the certainty degree of each classified cloud model of each rock mass quality evaluation index according to the cloud model theory. Substituting the test value of the rock mass into a certainty calculation formula of a cloud model of the corresponding rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade to obtain the certainty of each evaluation index of the rock mass. Firstly, substituting digital characteristic values (step 3 cloud model digital characteristic values) corresponding to each grade of each rock mass quality evaluation index into a certainty calculation formula to obtain a certainty calculation formula of each grade of each rock mass quality evaluation index; and substituting the index value of the rock mass to be evaluated obtained by the test into a corresponding certainty calculation formula to obtain the certainty of each stage of the rock mass quality evaluation index of the rock mass.
And S52, comprehensively weighting according to the certainty factor of the quality evaluation index of each rock mass of each grade obtained in the step S51, thereby obtaining the comprehensive certainty factor of the rock mass of each grade.
The certainty of each grade of each index of the rock mass to be evaluated has been obtained in step S51, and the comprehensive weight of each rock mass quality evaluation index has been obtained in step S4, so that the certainty of each rock mass quality evaluation index under a certain grade is multiplied by the comprehensive weight of the corresponding index to obtain the comprehensive certainty of the rock mass under the grade. The rock mass integrated certainty calculation results are shown in table 8.
Table 8 calculated rock mass integrated certainty
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And S53, judging a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result according to the comprehensive certainty degree of each grading of the rock mass, and comparing the comprehensive certainty degree of each grading of the rock mass, wherein the rock mass category corresponding to the maximum value of the comprehensive certainty degree is the final rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result. The comprehensive certainty of the rock mass to be evaluated under each grade is obtained through the steps, and the larger the comprehensive certainty is, the higher the degree that the rock mass belongs to the grade is, so that the final comprehensive evaluation result of the quality of the blasted rock mass can be obtained by comparing the comprehensive certainty of the rock mass under each grade. The final rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation results are shown in table 9.
TABLE 9 comprehensive evaluation results of final rock mass quality
S6, performing sensitivity analysis on rock mass quality evaluation indexes based on an OAT method, and performing stability analysis on rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation results.
The stability of the rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation method is verified by only changing the weight of one evaluation index each time and keeping the relative weights of other evaluation indexes unchanged and analyzing the influence degree of each rock mass quality evaluation index on the evaluation result by comparing the rock mass quality evaluation results before and after the weight change, and the sensitivity of the rock mass quality evaluation index and the stability of the whole evaluation method are analyzed. The OAT method is simple in principle and convenient to operate, can be used for analyzing the influence degree of each index weight change on the evaluation result, obtains the importance degree of each evaluation index, and can be used for verifying the stability of the calculation result of the evaluation method.
The implementation method for carrying out weight sensitivity analysis on rock mass quality evaluation indexes based on the OAT method comprises the following steps:
1) Setting the weight change range of a certain rock mass quality evaluation index to be +/-30%, and setting the step delta +/-5% of each weight change of the rock mass quality evaluation index;
2) Disturbance is generated on the main analysis index according to the set weight change range and step length,
Wherein,the weight W is the weight of the main analysis index subjected to kdelta disturbance (j0,0) Is the initial weight of the primary analysis index. k is the change coefficient of the step size of the weight in the sensitivity analysis, and [ -6,6 is taken in the invention]Integer over the interval.
Correspondingly, the weights of other evaluation indexes after the main analysis index is changed are as follows
Wherein W is (j,0) Is the initial weight of the other indicators. Thus, the sum of the weights of all the evaluation indexes is ensured to be 1.
3) According to the rock mass quality evaluation index weight after the change, calculating the rock mass comprehensive certainty after the weight changeOnly the comprehensive weight of the rock mass quality evaluation index changes, and the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree calculation method is the same as that described above.
4) Calculating the rock mass quality evaluation result change rate according to the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree before and after the weight change, namely the change rate of the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree after the weight change relative to the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree before the weight change:
wherein U is (x0) And (5) comprehensively determining the degree for the rock mass before weight change.
5) For N groups of evaluation rock masses in the whole range, the sensitivity of each evaluation index to the quality evaluation results of the N groups of evaluation rock masses is reflected according to the absolute average change rate of the comprehensive determination degree of the rock masses:
wherein,for the evaluation index j 0 The absolute average change rate of the comprehensive certainty of N groups of rock masses when the weight is changed kdelta. The absolute average rate of change calculation for the aggregate certainty of the rock mass is shown in table 10.
Table 10 calculated absolute average rate of change
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6) Judging the sensitivity of the rock mass evaluation index to the rock mass evaluation result according to the absolute average change rate of the rock mass comprehensive certainty degreeThe larger the weight of the evaluation index is, the higher the sensitivity of the evaluation index to the rock mass quality evaluation result is, namely the more obvious the influence degree of the index to the rock mass quality evaluation result is. By comparing +.>And verifying the stability of the evaluation method. Therefore, the sensitivity to rock mass quality evaluation results when the index weights are changed is as follows in sequence from large to small: k (K) v ×RQD×10、K v ×RQD×σ t ×10、K v ×σ t ×10、σ t 、RQD、K v . The maximum value of the absolute average change rate of the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree is only 12.11% when the index weight is changed by 30%, so that the rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result obtained by the method is relatively stable.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A comprehensive evaluation and index weight sensitivity analysis method for blasting rock mass quality is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, selecting rock mass quality evaluation indexes according to the damage characteristics of a blasted rock mass and considering the physical and mechanical properties, the integrity and the site occurrence environment of the rock mass and the interaction and influence factors among the factors;
s2, establishing a rock mass quality grading standard by using the selected rock mass quality evaluation index, and constructing a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation system;
s3, calculating digital characteristic values of cloud models of the rock mass quality evaluation indexes under each grade based on rock mass quality grading standards and cloud model theory, and generating a cloud model diagram of each grade of the rock mass quality evaluation indexes;
s4, determining the comprehensive weight of each rock mass quality evaluation index according to a comprehensive weighting method;
and S5, calculating and evaluating the certainty factor of each quality evaluation index of the rock mass under each grade according to the cloud model theory, calculating the comprehensive certainty factor of the rock mass according to the comprehensive weight obtained in the step S4, and comparing to obtain a final rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result.
2. The method for comprehensive evaluation of quality and index weight sensitivity analysis of blasted rock mass according to claim 1, further comprising step S6: and carrying out sensitivity analysis on rock mass quality evaluation indexes based on an OAT method, changing weight distribution of the rock mass quality evaluation indexes, and verifying a rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result by using a single factor rotation method.
3. The method for comprehensively evaluating the quality of a blasted rock mass and analyzing the sensitivity of the index weight according to claim 2, wherein the rock mass quality evaluation index selected according to the damage characteristics of the blasted rock mass and considering the integrity of the rock mass and the site occurrence environment is as follows: the rock tensile strength, the integrity coefficient, the rock quality index and the multi-factor index of the composition form 6 rock mass quality evaluation indexes; based on the traditional rock mass quality grading method, the rock mass quality evaluation index is graded into 5 grades according to the index value by considering the actual blasting rock mass engineering.
4. A method for comprehensive evaluation of quality and index weight sensitivity analysis of blasted rock mass according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the digital eigenvalue of the cloud model comprises:
wherein Ex is mathematical expectation, en is entropy, and He is super entropy; c (C) max 、C min The maximum value and the minimum value of a value range of a certain grading of rock mass quality evaluation indexes are respectively.
5. The method for comprehensively evaluating the quality of a blasted rock mass and analyzing the sensitivity of index weights according to claim 4, wherein the method for generating a cloud model map according to cloud model theory is as follows: substituting the digital characteristic values of the cloud model of the rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade into a rock mass certainty calculation formula according to the cloud model theory to obtain a certainty calculation formula of the rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade; random generation of random numbers x of expected Ex and entropy En of multiple groups of rock mass quality evaluation indexes under each grading (i) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Randomly generating random numbers En' with the expectation of En and the entropy of He of a plurality of groups of rock mass quality evaluation indexes under each grading; will be a random number x (i) Substituting En' into a corresponding rock mass quality evaluation index to obtain a certainty degree u by a certainty degree calculation formula under each grading (x(i)) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Random number x of rock mass quality evaluation index under each grading (i) Degree of certainty u (x(i)) And generating a cloud model diagram of the rock mass quality evaluation index in the scatter diagram.
6. The method for comprehensively evaluating the quality of a blasted rock mass and analyzing the sensitivity of index weights according to claim 5, wherein the rock mass certainty calculation formula is:
wherein x is a test value of rock mass quality evaluation index; u (u) (x) Representing the certainty of the rock mass.
7. The method for comprehensively evaluating the quality of a blasted rock mass and analyzing the sensitivity of the index weight according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the method for determining the comprehensive weight of each rock mass quality evaluation index by the comprehensive weighting method is as follows: and respectively determining the weight of the rock mass quality evaluation index according to an entropy weight method and a variation coefficient method, and determining the comprehensive weight of the rock mass quality evaluation index by using a preference coefficient method.
8. The method for comprehensively evaluating the quality of a blasted rock mass and analyzing the sensitivity of index weights according to claim 7, wherein the method for calculating the index weight of the quality evaluation of the rock mass by the entropy weight method is as follows: obtaining sample data x when m samples are quantitatively evaluated by using n rock mass quality evaluation indexes ij For sample data x ij Normalization processing:
for the forward index:
for negative going index:
wherein x is i ' j Representing sample data x ij Normalized value of (x), min (x 1j ,x 2j ,...x mj ) Minimum data of m samples representing the jth evaluation index, max (x 1j ,x 2j ,...x mj ) Maximum data for m samples of the j-th evaluation index, i=1, 2, …, m, j=1, 2,..;
information entropy of the j-th evaluation index:
wherein, conditional probability:
redundancy of information entropy: d, d j ＝1-e j ,
Thus, the weight of the j-th evaluation index based on the entropy weight method:
the method for calculating the weight of the evaluation index by the variation coefficient method comprises the following steps:
carrying out normalization processing on the sample data;
coefficient of variation of the j-th evaluation index:wherein sigma j All normalized data x for the j-th evaluation index i ' j Standard deviation of>All normalized data x 'for the j-th evaluation index' ij An arithmetic mean of (a);
the variation weight of the j-th evaluation index obtained based on the variation coefficient method:
calculating the comprehensive weight of the j-th evaluation index by using a preference coefficient method: w (w) j ＝μα j +(1-μ)β j The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Where μ is a preference coefficient.
9. The method for comprehensive evaluation of quality of blasted rock mass and index weight sensitivity analysis as set forth in any one of claims 2, 5, 6, 8, wherein the method for determining the final comprehensive evaluation result of quality of rock mass is as follows:
S51, substituting the test value of the rock mass into a corresponding determination degree calculation formula of the cloud model of the rock mass quality evaluation index under each grade to obtain the determination degree of each evaluation index of the rock mass;
s52, comprehensively weighting according to the certainty factor of each rock mass quality evaluation index of each grade to obtain the comprehensive certainty factor of the rock mass, and multiplying the certainty factor of each rock mass quality evaluation index under the corresponding grade by the corresponding comprehensive weight to obtain the comprehensive certainty factor of the rock mass in each grade;
and S53, comparing the comprehensive certainty degree of each grading of the rock mass, wherein the rock mass category corresponding to the maximum value of the comprehensive certainty degree is the final rock mass quality comprehensive evaluation result.
10. The comprehensive evaluation and index weight sensitivity analysis method for the quality of the blasted rock mass according to claim 2, wherein the implementation method for the index weight sensitivity analysis for the quality evaluation of the rock mass based on the OAT method is as follows:
1) Setting the weight change range of a certain rock mass quality evaluation index to be +/-30%, and setting the step delta +/-5% of each weight change of the rock mass quality evaluation index;
2) Disturbance is generated on the main analysis index according to the set weight change range and step length:
wherein W is (j0,kδ) The weight W is the weight of the main analysis index subjected to kdelta disturbance (j0,0) Initial weights for the primary analysis index; k is the weight step length change coefficient during sensitivity analysis;
the weights of other evaluation indexes after the change of the main analysis index are as follows:
wherein W is (j,0) Initial weights for other metrics;
3) According to the rock mass quality evaluation index weight after the change, calculating the rock mass comprehensive certainty degree after the weight change
4) Calculating the rock mass quality evaluation result change rate according to the rock mass comprehensive certainty factor before and after the weight change, namely the change rate of the rock mass comprehensive certainty factor after the weight change relative to the rock mass comprehensive certainty factor before the weight change:
wherein U is (x0) The comprehensive certainty degree of the rock mass before weight change is determined;
5) For N groups of estimated rock masses over the entire range, the absolute average rate of change of the aggregate certainty of the rock mass is calculated:
wherein,for the evaluation index j 0 The absolute average change rate of the comprehensive certainty of N groups of rock mass when the weight is changed kdelta;
6) Judging the sensitivity of the rock mass evaluation index to the rock mass evaluation result according to the absolute average change rate of the rock mass comprehensive certainty degreeThe larger the rock mass quality evaluation index weight is, the higher the sensitivity to the rock mass quality evaluation result is.
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