CN117078046A - Electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization method, system and equipment - Google Patents

Electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization method, system and equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117078046A
CN117078046A CN202311319392.3A CN202311319392A CN117078046A CN 117078046 A CN117078046 A CN 117078046A CN 202311319392 A CN202311319392 A CN 202311319392A CN 117078046 A CN117078046 A CN 117078046A
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electric
electric bus
constraint
charging
station
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CN117078046B (en
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夏方舟
杨洁
张浩钦
赵红生
叶高翔
邵非凡
王平凡
张震
郑子健
杨子立
彭文彦
唐靖
徐敬友
周玉洁
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Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract

A wired and wireless combined charging optimization method for an electric bus constructs a combined charging system optimization model, the model takes the minimum total cost of the system as an objective function, and based on the address selection of each wireless charging station and a driving line needing battery capacity expansion, the number constraint of the electric buses required by the driving line, the interval constraint of the electric buses, the energy constraint of the electric buses obtained from wired charging stations, the energy constraint of the electric buses obtained from the wireless charging stations, the battery charge state constraint of the electric buses when going on the same driving line, the battery charge state constraint of the electric buses when going back on the same driving line, and the photovoltaic and energy storage constraint configured at a bus station are designed, and the power distribution network constraint when the charging load of the electric buses is accessed is designed based on the charging operation scheme of the electric buses. The design can minimize the total cost of the system, furthest improve the operating efficiency of the electric bus and ensure the stable operation of the power distribution network when the charging load is connected.

Description

Electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization method, system and equipment
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric buses, and particularly relates to a wired and wireless combined charging optimization method, system and equipment for an electric bus.
Background
With the development of society and the progress of technology, people have updated knowledge and higher demands for environmental protection. For public transportation systems, because the traditional fuel automobiles have the defects of high pollution and high energy consumption, the large-scale adoption of electric buses to replace the traditional fuel buses is a trend. At present, the electric bus mainly adopts a traditional wired charging system to supplement electricity, but wired charging facilities have some limitations, such as large occupied area, long charging time and more complex operation.
The wireless charging system is paved underground along the line of the electric bus by adopting a mode of combining the wired charging system and the wireless charging system, and the wireless charging system has the advantage of small occupied area, so that the electric bus is supplemented in the middle of the electric bus without affecting traffic, and the endurance mileage of the electric bus is prolonged.
In the prior art, a planning scheme of a combined charging system for improving the operation efficiency of an electric bus to the maximum extent and ensuring the safe operation of a power distribution network while minimizing the system cost is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a wired and wireless combined charging optimization method, a system and equipment for an electric bus, which can minimize the system cost and simultaneously furthest improve the operation efficiency of the electric bus and ensure the safe operation of a power distribution network.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
an electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization method comprises the following steps:
firstly, constructing a combined charging system optimization model, wherein the combined charging system optimization model takes the minimum total cost of a system as an objective function and comprises the following constraints:
constraint of the number of electric buses required for a driving route;
the electric bus departure interval constraint;
a constraint that an electric bus obtains energy from a wired charging station;
a constraint that an electric bus obtains energy from a wireless charging station;
constraint of battery charge state when the electric buses go on the same driving line;
Constraint of battery charge state when the electric bus returns on the same driving line;
constraint of the power distribution network when the charging load of the electric bus is connected;
photovoltaic and energy storage constraints of the wireless charging station;
and secondly, solving an optimization model to determine an address selection scheme of the wireless charging station, a battery capacity expansion scheme of a driving line and an electric bus charging operation scheme.
In the first step, the objective function is specifically:
；
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,planning costs for a wireless charging system, +.>Is the sum of the investment cost of the electric bus and the capacity expansion cost of the battery of the electric bus>Charging service fee for wired charging station and wireless charging station,/->For the rate of discount, add>For planning years, d is the typical number of days in a year, +.>For a planning position matrix of a wireless charging system, the value of the planning position matrix is 1 if a wireless charging station is planned at an intermediate station s, otherwise is 0,/or more>Unit planning costs for a wireless charging station, +.>For the number of photovoltaic cells planned at intermediate station s, < >>For the price per unit of photovoltaic cell, < >>The number of energy storage systems planned for the intermediate station s, < >>For the unit price of the energy storage system->For the number of electric buses operating on the driving route x, < > or->For the unit price of electric buses, < > >For the unit price of expanding the capacity of the battery of the electric bus, < >>As the capacity expansion matrix of the electric bus, if the vehicle-mounted battery expansion is carried out on the electric bus on the driving route x, the value is 1, otherwise, the value is 0, < >>、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wireless charging stations on the going-out road a and the returning road b in the y-th journey respectively; />、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wired charging stations at the start station and the end station in the y-th journey respectively; />、/>The service unit price for wireless charging and wired charging is respectively; />、/>The set of the forward road and the return road of the driving route x respectively.
In the first step, the constraint of the number of the electric buses required by the driving route is specifically:
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the number of the electric buses required by the going-out and the returning-back of the driving line x in normal operation is respectively;
the electric bus departure interval constraint is specifically as follows:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for departure interval duration of driving line x, +.>、/>The time consumption of one way of the travel route x in the forward travel and the return travel is respectively;
the constraint that the electric bus obtains energy from the wired charging station is specifically:
；
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the method comprises the steps of (1) providing a charging duration for an electric bus at a starting station when the electric bus goes to a journey on a driving line x; / >For the duration of time available for charging at the terminal station for each return of the electric bus on the driving route x，/>For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus going out in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus going out in the y-th journey>For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus returning in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus>Rated power to charge an electric bus through a wired charging station;
the constraint that the electric bus obtains energy from the wireless charging station is specifically as follows:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,stop time for each intermediate station of driving route x, +.>Rated power for charging an electric bus through a wireless charging station;
the constraint of the battery charge state when the electric bus goes on the same driving line is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the initial battery capacity and the expanded battery capacity of the electric bus are respectively; />、/>The lower limit and the upper limit of the battery charge state of the electric bus are respectively set; />、/>The electric energy consumed by the electric buses on the driving route x on the going-way road a and the returning-way road b in the y-th journey is respectively; />、/>The electric energy additionally consumed by the expansion of the battery on the forward road a and the backward road b in the y-th journey of the electric bus on the driving route x is respectively; />The method comprises the steps that electric energy charged by an electric bus on a driving route x through a wired charging station at a starting station in a y-th journey is represented by n, wherein n is the round trip number, bn is the total number of return roads, and yn is the total journey number in operation time;
The constraint of the battery charge state when the electric bus returns on the same driving line is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the electric energy charged by the electric bus on the driving route x through the wired charging station at the terminal in the y-th journey is an the total number of return roads;
the photovoltaic and energy storage constraint of the wireless charging station is specifically as follows:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,is a large M constant, +.>For the unit output power of the photovoltaic cell, < > for>Is a unit time->The unit installation capacity for the energy storage system.
In the first step, the power distribution network constraint during the access of the charging load of the electric bus comprises a power balance constraint, a power distribution network line power constraint and a power distribution network node voltage constraint.
The power balance constraint is specifically:
；
；
；
；
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in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the wireless charging load and the wired charging load at the node e of the power distribution network are respectively; />、Active power and reactive power of a base load accessed at a power distribution network node e; />、/>Active power and reactive power on a power distribution network line w connected with a power distribution network node e respectively; />For a set of electric bus operating periods, +.>、/>、Respectively coupling relation matrixes of the power distribution network node e and the intermediate station, the starting station and the end station; />、/>The energy transmission efficiency of wireless charging and wired charging respectively; / >、/>The power factor angles of wireless charging and wired charging are respectively;
the power distribution network line power constraint is specifically as follows:
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the upper limit of active power of the power distribution network line is set;
the node voltage constraint of the power distribution network is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the resistance and reactance of the power distribution network line w are respectively; />For the voltage drop of the distribution network line w in the period t, < >>、/>、/>Bus voltages of the power distribution network nodes a, b and e in the period t are respectively; />Rated voltage of bus of distribution network, < >>、/>The upper limit and the lower limit of the bus voltage of the distribution network are respectively set.
The electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization system comprises a model construction module and a simulation calculation module, wherein the model construction module is used for constructing a combined charging system optimization model which takes the minimum total cost of the system as an objective function and comprises the following constraints:
constraint of the number of electric buses required for a driving route;
the electric bus departure interval constraint;
a constraint that an electric bus obtains energy from a wired charging station;
a constraint that an electric bus obtains energy from a wireless charging station;
constraint of battery charge state when the electric buses go on the same driving line;
Constraint of battery charge state when the electric bus returns on the same driving line;
constraint of the power distribution network when the charging load of the electric bus is connected;
photovoltaic and energy storage constraints of the wireless charging station;
the simulation calculation module is used for solving the optimization model through simulation calculation so as to determine an address selection scheme of the wireless charging station, a battery capacity expansion scheme of a driving line and a charging operation scheme of the electric bus.
The model construction module is used for constructing the following objective functions:
；
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,planning costs for a wireless charging system, +.>Is the sum of the investment cost of the electric bus and the capacity expansion cost of the battery of the electric bus>Charging service fee for wired charging station and wireless charging station,/->For the rate of discount, add>For planning years, d is the typical number of days in a year, +.>For a planning position matrix of a wireless charging system, the value of the planning position matrix is 1 if a wireless charging station is planned at an intermediate station s, otherwise is 0,/or more>Unit planning costs for a wireless charging station, +.>For the number of photovoltaic cells planned at intermediate station s, < >>For the price per unit of photovoltaic cell, < >>The number of energy storage systems planned for the intermediate station s, < >>For the unit price of the energy storage system->For the number of electric buses operating on the driving route x, < > or- >For the unit price of electric buses, < >>For the unit price of expanding the capacity of the battery of the electric bus, < >>As the capacity expansion matrix of the electric bus, if the vehicle-mounted battery expansion is carried out on the electric bus on the driving route x, the value is 1, otherwise, the value is 0, < >>、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wireless charging stations on the going-out road a and the returning road b in the y-th journey respectively; />、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wired charging stations at the start station and the end station in the y-th journey respectively; />、/>The service unit price for wireless charging and wired charging is respectively; />、/>The set of the forward road and the return road of the driving route x respectively.
The model construction module is used for constructing the following constraint of the number of electric buses required by a driving line:
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the number of the electric buses required by the going-out and the returning-back of the driving line x in normal operation is respectively;
the model construction module is also used for constructing the following electric bus departure interval constraint:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for departure interval duration of driving line x, +.>、/>The time consumption of one way of the travel route x in the forward travel and the return travel is respectively;
the model building module is also used for building the following constraint that the electric bus acquires energy from the wired charging station:
；
；
；
；
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,the method comprises the steps of (1) providing a charging duration for an electric bus at a starting station when the electric bus goes to a journey on a driving line x; />For the duration of time available for charging at the terminal station for each return of the electric bus on the driving route x，/>For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus going out in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus going out in the y-th journey>For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus returning in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus>Rated power to charge an electric bus through a wired charging station;
the model building module is also used for building the following constraint that the electric bus acquires energy from the wireless charging station:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,stop time for each intermediate station of driving route x, +.>Rated power for charging an electric bus through a wireless charging station;
the model construction module is also used for constructing the following constraint of the battery charge state when the electric buses go on the same driving line:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the initial battery capacity and the expanded battery capacity of the electric bus are respectively; />、/>The lower limit and the upper limit of the battery charge state of the electric bus are respectively set; />、/>The electric energy consumed by the electric buses on the driving route x on the going-way road a and the returning-way road b in the y-th journey is respectively; / >、/>The electric energy additionally consumed by the expansion of the battery on the forward road a and the backward road b in the y-th journey of the electric bus on the driving route x is respectively; />In order to charge electric energy of an electric bus on a driving route x through a wired charging station at a starting station in a y-th journey, bn is the total number of return roads, yn is the total journey times in operation time;
the model construction module is also used for constructing the following constraint of the battery charge state when the electric buses return on the same driving line:
the constraint of the battery charge state when the electric bus returns on the same driving line is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the electric energy charged by the electric bus on the driving route x through the wired charging station at the terminal in the y-th journey is an the total number of return roads;
the photovoltaic and energy storage constraint of the wireless charging station is specifically as follows:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,is a large M constant, +.>For the unit output power of the photovoltaic cell, < > for>Is a unit time->The unit installation capacity for the energy storage system.
The model construction module is further used for constructing power distribution network constraints when the electric bus charging load comprising power balance constraints, power distribution network line power constraints and power distribution network node voltage constraints is accessed, wherein the power balance constraints are as follows:
；
；
；
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In the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the wireless charging load and the wired charging load at the node e of the power distribution network are respectively; />、Active power and reactive power of a base load accessed at a power distribution network node e; />、/>Active power and reactive power on a power distribution network line w connected with a power distribution network node e respectively; />For a set of electric bus operating periods, +.>、/>、Respectively coupling relation matrixes of the power distribution network node e and the intermediate station, the starting station and the end station; />、/>The energy transmission efficiency of wireless charging and wired charging respectively; />、/>The power factor angles of wireless charging and wired charging are respectively;
the power distribution network line power constraint is as follows:
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the upper limit of active power of the power distribution network line is set;
the node voltage constraint of the power distribution network is as follows:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the resistance and reactance of the power distribution network line w are respectively; />For the voltage drop of the distribution network line w in the period t, < >>、/>、/>Bus voltages of the power distribution network nodes a, b and e in the period t are respectively; />Rated voltage of bus of distribution network, < >>、/>The upper limit and the lower limit of the bus voltage of the power distribution network are respectively set;
an electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimizing device comprises a processor and a memory;
The memory is used for storing computer program codes and transmitting the computer program codes to the processor;
the processor is used for executing the wired and wireless combined charging optimization method of the electric bus according to the instructions in the computer program codes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a wired and wireless combined charging optimization method for an electric bus, which comprises the steps of firstly constructing a combined charging system optimization model, wherein the combined charging system optimization model takes the minimum total cost of the system as an objective function, and can minimize the total cost of the system. Therefore, the optimization method disclosed by the invention not only can minimize the total cost of the system and furthest improve the operation efficiency of the electric bus, but also can ensure safe and stable operation when the charging load of the electric bus of the electric power system is accessed.
2. According to the wired and wireless combined charging optimization method for the electric buses, due to the fact that the traffic behavior of the buses is regular, the operation time period of the buses is highly overlapped with the photovoltaic efficient power generation time period, the top of each bus station is fully utilized as a photovoltaic laying point, an energy storage system matched with the photovoltaic laying point is arranged, part of wireless charging load of the electric buses is supported through photovoltaic output, charging service cost of the electric buses is reduced, and impact of the wireless charging load on a power distribution network can be reduced; in order to restrict the planning position of the energy storage system, the photovoltaic and energy storage system is only configured at a station where the wireless charging system is planned, the energy storage system is ensured to store photovoltaic output in unit time, and the photovoltaic and energy storage restriction of the wireless charging station is set. Therefore, the photovoltaic output is utilized to support part of the wireless charging load of the electric bus, and the charging service cost of the electric bus and the impact of the wireless charging load on the power distribution network can be reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the combined charging system in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a driving route in the combined charging system.
Fig. 3 is a topology structure diagram of a 99-node distribution network-54-node traffic road network.
Fig. 4 is a location of the wireless charging station addressing scheme planned in scheme 2 on a 99 node distribution network-54 node traffic road network.
Fig. 5 shows the energy ratios of the respective running routes according to the schemes 2 and 3, which are supplemented by wired charging, and the energy ratios of the respective running routes which are supplemented by wireless charging.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a wired and wireless combined charging optimization system for an electric bus in embodiment 2.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a wired and wireless combined charging optimization device for an electric bus in embodiment 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the wired and wireless combined charging optimization method for the electric buses is based on a combined charging system shown in fig. 1, the wired and wireless combined charging system comprises a traffic road network, electric buses, a wired charging system, a wireless charging system and a power distribution network, the traffic road network comprises a plurality of running lines shown in fig. 2, the wired charging system comprises wired charging stations arranged at a starting station and a finishing station of each running line, the wireless charging system comprises wireless charging stations arranged at intermediate stations on each running line, and due to the fact that the traffic behavior of the buses is regular and the operation time period of the buses is highly coincident with the photovoltaic high-efficiency power generation time period, the tops of the bus stations can be fully utilized as paving points of the photovoltaic, meanwhile, an energy storage system matched with the buses is provided, and the wireless charging loads of partial electric buses are supported through photovoltaic output, so that the charging service cost of the electric buses is reduced, and the impact of the wireless charging loads on the power distribution network can be reduced; the power distribution network is used for supplying power to wired charging stations and wireless charging stations, the power distribution network and the traffic road network are specifically 99-node power distribution network-54-node traffic road network with a topological structure shown in fig. 3, wherein T represents a node in the traffic road network, T-T represents a road connected between two traffic road network nodes, P represents a node in the power distribution network, P-P represents a line connected between two power distribution network nodes, and parameters are selected: the planning period is 10 years, the stock ratio is 0.05, the typical number of days in one year is 365 days, the number of hours of one typical day is 24, the driving line of the electric bus is 5, as shown in table 1, the energy transmission efficiency of the electric bus is 0.9, the energy transmission efficiency of the wireless charging station is 0.8, the unit price of the wireless charging system is 40 ten thousand yuan/station, 12 electric buses are available, the cost price of the newly added electric bus is 75 ten thousand yuan/vehicle, the capacity expansion unit price of the vehicle-mounted battery of the electric bus is 15 ten thousand yuan/vehicle, the service unit price of the electric bus and the wireless charging station are respectively 0.8 yuan/kWh, 1.2 yuan/kWh, the output power of the electric bus and the wireless charging station are respectively 60kW, 80kW, the initial battery capacity of the electric bus is 150kWh, the battery capacity after capacity expansion is 180kWh, the lower limit and the upper limit of the electric bus battery state are respectively 0.20, 0.8, the capacity expansion unit price of the electric bus is respectively 1.2 kWh/5 KWh, and the upper limit of the electric bus is respectively 1.5 KWh/5 KWh, the power distribution network and the upper limit of the electric bus is respectively;
1 5 electric bus driving lines
The wired and wireless combined charging optimization method for the electric bus is sequentially carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, constructing a combined charging system optimization model, wherein the combined charging system optimization model takes the minimum total cost of a system as an objective function, and the objective function specifically comprises the following steps:
；
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,planning costs for a wireless charging system, +.>Is the sum of the investment cost of the electric bus and the capacity expansion cost of the battery of the electric bus>Charging service fee for wired charging station and wireless charging station,/->For the rate of discount, add>For planning years, d is the typical number of days in a year, +.>Planning a position matrix for a wireless charging system, if planning at an intermediate station sThe wireless charging station has a value of 1, otherwise 0, < >>Unit planning costs for a wireless charging station, +.>For the number of photovoltaic cells planned at intermediate station s, < >>For the price per unit of photovoltaic cell, < >>The number of energy storage systems planned for the intermediate station s, < >>For the unit price of the energy storage system->For the number of electric buses operating on the driving route x, < > or->For the unit price of electric buses, < >>For the unit price of expanding the capacity of the battery of the electric bus, < >>As the capacity expansion matrix of the electric bus, if the vehicle-mounted battery expansion is carried out on the electric bus on the driving route x, the value is 1, otherwise, the value is 0, < > >、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wireless charging stations on the going-out road a and the returning road b in the y-th journey respectively; />、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wired charging stations at the start station and the end station in the y-th journey respectively; />、/>The service unit price for wireless charging and wired charging is respectively; />、/>The set of the forward road and the return road of the driving route x respectively;
under the premise of ensuring the energy demand of the electric buses, the combined charging system optimization model is provided with constraints of the number of the electric buses required by a driving line, constraints of the distance between the electric buses and the driving line, constraints of the electric buses for acquiring energy from a wired charging station, constraints of the electric buses for acquiring energy from a wireless charging station, constraints of the battery charge state when the electric buses go on the same driving line and constraints of the battery charge state when the electric buses return on the same driving line, wherein the constraints of the number of the electric buses required by the driving line are specifically as follows:
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>respectively the travel route x during normal operation, The number of electric buses required for the return;
the electric bus departure interval constraint is used for ensuring that the number of the electric buses is enough for ensuring that the electric buses go and returnThe time interval departure of (1) is specifically:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for departure interval duration of driving line x, +.>、/>The time consumption of one way of the travel route x in the forward travel and the return travel is respectively;
the constraint that the electric bus obtains energy from the wired charging station is specifically:
；
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the method comprises the steps of (1) providing a charging duration for an electric bus at a starting station when the electric bus goes to a journey on a driving line x; />For the duration of time for charging at the terminal at each return of the electric bus on the driving route x, +.>For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus going out in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus going out in the y-th journey>For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus returning in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus>Rated power to charge an electric bus through a wired charging station;
the constraint that the electric bus obtains energy from the wireless charging station is specifically as follows:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,stop time for each intermediate station of driving route x, +.>Rated power for charging an electric bus through a wireless charging station;
the constraint of the battery charge state when the electric bus goes on the same driving line is specifically as follows:
；
；/>
；
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the initial battery capacity and the expanded battery capacity of the electric bus are respectively; />、/>The lower limit and the upper limit of the battery charge state of the electric bus are respectively set; />、/>The electric energy consumed by the electric buses on the driving route x on the going-way road a and the returning-way road b in the y-th journey is respectively; />、/>The electric energy additionally consumed by the expansion of the battery on the forward road a and the backward road b in the y-th journey of the electric bus on the driving route x is respectively; />For the electric energy charged by the electric bus on the driving route x through the wired charging station at the start station in the y-th journey, n is the round trip number, bn isThe total number of the return roads, yn, is the total travel times in the operation time;
the constraint of the battery charge state when the electric bus returns on the same driving line is specifically as follows:
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；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the electric energy charged by the electric bus on the driving route x through the wired charging station at the terminal in the y-th journey is an the total number of return roads;
for restraining the planning position of the energy storage system, the energy storage system is only configured at a station where the wireless charging system is planned, and the energy storage system is ensured to store photovoltaic output in unit time, and photovoltaic and energy storage restraint of the wireless charging station is arranged, specifically:
；
；
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,is a large M constant, +.>For the unit output power of the photovoltaic cell, < > for>Is a single sheetBit time (s)/(s)>The unit installation capacity of the energy storage system;
in order to guarantee safe and stable operation of the electric power system when the electric bus charging load is connected, the combined charging system optimization model is further provided with constraints of the power distribution network when the electric bus charging load is connected, and the constraints of the power distribution network when the electric bus charging load is connected comprise power balance constraints, power distribution network line power constraints and power distribution network node voltage constraints, wherein the power balance constraints are specifically as follows:
；
；/>
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in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the wireless charging load and the wired charging load at the node e of the power distribution network are respectively; />、/>Access at node e of power distribution networkActive power and reactive power of the base load of (a); />、/>Active power and reactive power on a power distribution network line w connected with a power distribution network node e respectively; />For a set of electric bus operating periods, +.>、/>、/>Respectively coupling relation matrixes of the power distribution network node e and the intermediate station, the starting station and the end station; />、/>The energy transmission efficiency of wireless charging and wired charging respectively; />、/>The power factor angles of wireless charging and wired charging are respectively;
the power distribution network line power constraint is specifically as follows:
；
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,active power for distribution network linesAn upper limit;
the node voltage constraint of the power distribution network is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the resistance and reactance of the power distribution network line w are respectively; />For the voltage drop of the distribution network line w in the period t, < >>、/>、/>Bus voltages of the power distribution network nodes a, b and e in the period t are respectively; />Rated voltage of bus of distribution network, < >>、/>The upper limit and the lower limit of the bus voltage of the power distribution network are respectively set;
second, due to the optimization modelThere is a bilinear term inTherefore, the linearization is carried out by adopting the large M method, namely, the auxiliary variable +.>Let->Adding the following constraint to the optimization model, performing simulation calculation based on MATLAB or CPLEX platform to solve the optimization model, and determining the address of each wireless charging station, the driving route needing to expand the capacity of the electric bus battery and the electric bus charging operation scheme, wherein the electric bus charging operation scheme refers to the energy proportion supplemented by a wired charging mode and the energy proportion supplemented by a wireless charging mode on each driving route:
；
。
performance test:
in order to verify the effectiveness of the optimizing method, the number of planning 0 sets of wireless charging stations is taken as a scheme 1, a scheme 2 and a scheme 3 are provided according to the number of wireless charging stations to be planned, the scheme 2 is that 5 sets of wireless charging stations are planned by adopting the optimizing method, the scheme 3 is that 10 sets of wireless charging stations are planned by adopting the optimizing method, finally, the electric bus wireless charging station address of the scheme 2 and the electric bus wireless charging station address of the scheme 3 and the driving line needing battery capacity expansion are obtained as shown in a table 2, the positions of the wireless charging station address of the scheme 2 on a 99-node power distribution network-54-node traffic road network are obtained as shown in fig. 4, and the wired wireless energy of each driving line of the scheme 2 and the scheme 3 is obtained as shown in fig. 5:
Table 2 electric bus wireless charging station site selection situation and travel route requiring battery capacity expansion
As can be seen from fig. 5, when the scheme 3 is adopted, since more wireless charging stations are configured, the duty ratio of the electric energy supplemented by the wireless charging for each driving circuit is different to a greater extent than that when the scheme 2 is adopted;
the economic cost of schemes 1-3 was calculated and the calculation results are shown in Table 3:
table 3 economic cost of three schemes
As shown in table 3, with the increase of the number of wireless charging stations of the electric buses, the cost of the newly-added vehicle and the cost of the battery expansion are significantly reduced, and compared with the scheme 1 without the wireless charging stations, the cost of the newly-added vehicle and the cost of the battery expansion of the scheme 3 with the 10 sets of wireless charging stations are respectively reduced by 73.33% and 26.32%; in terms of the construction cost and the charging service cost of the wireless charging system, as the construction of the wireless charging system needs investment and the service cost of the wireless charging service is higher than that of the wired charging system, the cost of the two aspects can be correspondingly increased along with the increase of the number of the wireless charging stations, but the cost increment is obviously smaller than the cost reduced in the aspects of increasing the capacity of the vehicles and the batteries; therefore, as the number of wireless charging stations increases, the total cost is obviously reduced, and compared with the scheme 1, the total cost of the scheme 3 is reduced by 20.85%, so that the economy and effectiveness of the electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization method can be proved.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 6, a wired and wireless combined charging optimization system of an electric bus includes a model building module 1 and a simulation calculation module 2, where the model building module 1 is used to build a combined charging system optimization model according to embodiment 1, and the combined charging system optimization model uses the minimum total cost of the system as an objective function, specifically:
；
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；
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in the above-mentioned method, the step of,planning costs for a wireless charging system, +.>Is the sum of the investment cost of the electric bus and the capacity expansion cost of the battery of the electric bus>Charging service fee for wired charging station and wireless charging station,/->For the rate of discount, add>For planning years, d is the typical number of days in a year, +.>For a planning position matrix of a wireless charging system, the value of the planning position matrix is 1 if a wireless charging station is planned at an intermediate station s, otherwise is 0,/or more>Unit planning costs for a wireless charging station, +.>For the number of photovoltaic cells planned at intermediate station s, < >>For the price per unit of photovoltaic cell, < >>The number of energy storage systems planned for the intermediate station s, < >>For the unit price of the energy storage system->For the number of electric buses operating on the driving route x, < > or->For the unit price of electric buses, < >>For the unit price of expanding the capacity of the battery of the electric bus, < > >As the capacity expansion matrix of the electric bus, if the vehicle-mounted battery expansion is carried out on the electric bus on the driving route x, the value is 1, otherwise, the value is 0, < >>、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wireless charging stations on the going-out road a and the returning road b in the y-th journey respectively; />、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wired charging stations at the start station and the end station in the y-th journey respectively; />、/>The service unit price for wireless charging and wired charging is respectively; />、/>The set of the forward road and the return road of the driving route x respectively;
the combined charging system optimization model comprises constraints of the number of electric buses required by a driving line, constraints of electric bus departure intervals, constraints of energy acquired by the electric buses from a wired charging station, constraints of energy acquired by the electric buses from a wireless charging station, constraints of battery charge states of the electric buses when going on the same driving line, constraints of battery charge states of the electric buses when going back on the same driving line, constraints of a power distribution network when charging loads of the electric buses are connected, photovoltaic and energy storage constraints of the wireless charging station, and constraints of the power distribution network when charging loads of the electric buses are connected comprise power balance constraints, power constraint of the power distribution network line and node voltage constraint of the power distribution network;
The constraint of the number of the electric buses required by the driving line is specifically as follows:
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the number of the electric buses required by the going-out and the returning-back of the driving line x in normal operation is respectively;
the constraint of the departure interval of the electric bus is specifically as follows:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for departure interval duration of driving line x, +.>、/>The time consumption of one way of the travel route x in the forward travel and the return travel is respectively;
the constraints of an electric bus obtaining energy from a wired charging station are in particular:
；
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the method comprises the steps of (1) providing a charging duration for an electric bus at a starting station when the electric bus goes to a journey on a driving line x; />For the duration of time for charging at the terminal at each return of the electric bus on the driving route x, +.>For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus going out in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus going out in the y-th journey>For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus returning in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus>Rated power to charge an electric bus through a wired charging station; />
The constraints of the electric bus obtaining energy from a wireless charging station are in particular:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,stop time for each intermediate station of driving route x, +.>Rated power for charging an electric bus through a wireless charging station;
the constraint of the battery charge state when the electric bus goes on the same driving line is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the initial battery capacity and the expanded battery capacity of the electric bus are respectively; />、/>The lower limit and the upper limit of the battery charge state of the electric bus are respectively set; />、/>The electric energy consumed by the electric buses on the driving route x on the going-way road a and the returning-way road b in the y-th journey is respectively; />、/>The electric energy additionally consumed by the expansion of the battery on the forward road a and the backward road b in the y-th journey of the electric bus on the driving route x is respectively; />The method comprises the steps that electric energy charged by an electric bus on a driving route x through a wired charging station at a starting station in a y-th journey is represented by n, wherein n is the round trip number, bn is the total number of return roads, and yn is the total journey number in operation time;
the constraint of the battery charge state when the electric bus returns on the same driving line is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the electric energy charged by the electric bus on the driving route x through the wired charging station at the terminal in the y-th journey is an the total number of return roads;
the photovoltaic and energy storage constraint of the wireless charging station is specifically as follows:
；/>
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,is a large M constant, +.>For the unit output power of the photovoltaic cell, < > for>Is a unit time->The unit installation capacity of the energy storage system;
The power balance constraint is specifically:
；
；
；
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in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the wireless charging load and the wired charging load at the node e of the power distribution network are respectively; />、Active power and reactive power of a base load accessed at a power distribution network node e; />、/>Active power and reactive power on a power distribution network line w connected with a power distribution network node e respectively; />For a set of electric bus operating periods, +.>、/>、Respectively coupling relation matrixes of the power distribution network node e and the intermediate station, the starting station and the end station; />、/>The energy transmission efficiency of wireless charging and wired charging respectively; />、/>The power factor angles of wireless charging and wired charging are respectively;
the power distribution network line power constraint is specifically as follows:
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the upper limit of active power of the power distribution network line is set;
the node voltage constraint of the power distribution network is specifically as follows:
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；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>electric power distribution network lines wResistance and reactance; />For the voltage drop of the distribution network line w in the period t, < >>、/>、/>Bus voltages of the power distribution network nodes a, b and e in the period t are respectively; />Rated voltage of bus of distribution network, < >>、/>The upper limit and the lower limit of the bus voltage of the power distribution network are respectively set;
the simulation calculation module 2 is used for solving the optimization model through simulation calculation so as to determine an address selection scheme of the wireless charging station, a battery capacity expansion scheme of a driving line and a charging operation scheme of the electric bus.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 7, the electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization device comprises a processor 3 and a memory 4, wherein the memory 4 is used for storing computer program codes 5 and transmitting the computer program codes 5 to the processor 3, and the processor 3 is used for executing the electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization method in the embodiment 1 according to instructions in the computer program codes 5.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein. The scheme in the embodiment of the application can be realized by adopting various computer languages, such as an object-oriented programming C language, an transliteration script language JavaScript and the like.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, it is intended that the present application also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. A wired and wireless combined charging optimization method for an electric bus is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the optimization method comprises the following steps:
firstly, constructing a combined charging system optimization model, wherein the combined charging system optimization model takes the minimum total cost of a system as an objective function and comprises the following constraints:
constraint of the number of electric buses required for a driving route;
the electric bus departure interval constraint;
a constraint that an electric bus obtains energy from a wired charging station;
a constraint that an electric bus obtains energy from a wireless charging station;
constraint of battery charge state when the electric buses go on the same driving line;
constraint of battery charge state when the electric bus returns on the same driving line;
constraint of the power distribution network when the charging load of the electric bus is connected;
photovoltaic and energy storage constraints of the wireless charging station;
and secondly, solving an optimization model to determine an address selection scheme of the wireless charging station, a battery capacity expansion scheme of a driving line and an electric bus charging operation scheme.
2. The electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
in the first step, the objective function is specifically:
；
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,planning costs for a wireless charging system, +.>Is the sum of the investment cost of the electric bus and the capacity expansion cost of the battery of the electric bus>Charging service fee for wired charging station and wireless charging station,/->For the rate of discount, add>For planning years, d is the typical number of days in a year, +.>For a planning position matrix of a wireless charging system, the value of the planning position matrix is 1 if a wireless charging station is planned at an intermediate station s, otherwise is 0,/or more>Unit planning costs for a wireless charging station, +.>For the number of photovoltaic cells planned at intermediate station s, < >>For the price per unit of photovoltaic cell, < >>For the number of energy storage systems planned at the intermediate station s,for the unit price of the energy storage system->For the number of electric buses operating on the driving route x, < > or->For the unit price of electric buses, < >>For the unit price of expanding the capacity of the battery of the electric bus, < >>As the capacity expansion matrix of the electric bus, if the vehicle-mounted battery expansion is carried out on the electric bus on the driving route x, the value is 1, otherwise, the value is 0, < >>、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wireless charging stations on the going-out road a and the returning road b in the y-th journey respectively; / >、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wired charging stations at the start station and the end station in the y-th journey respectively; />、/>The service unit price for wireless charging and wired charging is respectively; />、/>The set of the forward road and the return road of the driving route x respectively.
3. The electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization method according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the constraint of the number of the electric buses required by the driving route is specifically:
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the number of the electric buses required by the going-out and the returning-back of the driving line x in normal operation is respectively;
the electric bus departure interval constraint is specifically as follows:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for departure interval duration of driving line x, +.>、/>The time consumption of one way of the travel route x in the forward travel and the return travel is respectively;
the constraint that the electric bus obtains energy from the wired charging station is specifically:
；
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the method comprises the steps of (1) providing a charging duration for an electric bus at a starting station when the electric bus goes to a journey on a driving line x;for the duration of time for charging at the terminal at each return of the electric bus on the driving route x, +.>For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus going out in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus going out in the y-th journey >For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus returning in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus>Rated power to charge an electric bus through a wired charging station;
the constraint that the electric bus obtains energy from the wireless charging station is specifically as follows:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,stop time for each intermediate station of driving route x, +.>Rated power for charging an electric bus through a wireless charging station;
the constraint of the battery charge state when the electric bus goes on the same driving line is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the initial battery capacity and the expanded battery capacity of the electric bus are respectively; />、/>The lower limit and the upper limit of the battery charge state of the electric bus are respectively set; />、/>The electric energy consumed by the electric buses on the driving route x on the going-way road a and the returning-way road b in the y-th journey is respectively; />、/>The electric energy additionally consumed by the expansion of the battery on the forward road a and the backward road b in the y-th journey of the electric bus on the driving route x is respectively;charging electric buses on a driving route x by wire at a start station in a y-th journeyThe electric energy charged by the station, bn is the total number of return roads, yn is the total travel times in the operation time;
The constraint of the battery charge state when the electric bus returns on the same driving line is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the electric energy charged by the electric bus on the driving route x through the wired charging station at the terminal in the y-th journey, and an is the total number of journey roads;
the photovoltaic and energy storage constraint of the wireless charging station is specifically as follows:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,is a large M constant, +.>For the unit output power of the photovoltaic cell, < > for>Is a unit time->The unit installation capacity for the energy storage system.
4. The electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization method according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
in the first step, the power distribution network constraint during the access of the charging load of the electric bus comprises a power balance constraint, a power distribution network line power constraint and a power distribution network node voltage constraint.
5. The electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization method according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the power balance constraint is specifically:
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；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>respectively, are distribution network nodese wireless charging load and wired charging load; />、/>Active power and reactive power of a base load accessed at a power distribution network node e; />、/>Active power and reactive power on a power distribution network line w connected with a power distribution network node e respectively; / >For a set of electric bus operating periods, +.>、/>、/>Respectively coupling relation matrixes of the power distribution network node e and the intermediate station, the starting station and the end station; />、/>The energy transmission efficiency of wireless charging and wired charging respectively; />、/>Respectively isA power factor angle of wireless charging and wired charging;
the power distribution network line power constraint is specifically as follows:
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the upper limit of active power of the power distribution network line is set;
the node voltage constraint of the power distribution network is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the resistance and reactance of the power distribution network line w are respectively; />For the voltage drop of the distribution network line w in the period t, < >>、/>、/>Bus voltages of the power distribution network nodes a, b and e in the period t are respectively; />Rated voltage of bus of distribution network, < >>、/>The upper limit and the lower limit of the bus voltage of the distribution network are respectively set.
6. The utility model provides an electronic bus wired wireless joint charge optimizing system which characterized in that:
the optimization system comprises a model construction module (1) and a simulation calculation module (2), wherein the model construction module (1) is used for constructing a joint charging system optimization model which takes the minimum total cost of the system as an objective function and comprises the following constraints:
constraint of the number of electric buses required for a driving route;
The electric bus departure interval constraint;
a constraint that an electric bus obtains energy from a wired charging station;
a constraint that an electric bus obtains energy from a wireless charging station;
constraint of battery charge state when the electric buses go on the same driving line;
constraint of battery charge state when the electric bus returns on the same driving line;
constraint of the power distribution network when the charging load of the electric bus is connected;
photovoltaic and energy storage constraints of the wireless charging station;
the simulation calculation module (2) is used for solving the optimization model through simulation calculation so as to determine an address selection scheme of the wireless charging station, a battery capacity expansion scheme of a driving line and a charging operation scheme of the electric bus.
7. The electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization system according to claim 6, wherein:
the model construction module (1) is used for constructing the following objective functions:
；
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,planning costs for a wireless charging system, +.>Is the sum of the investment cost of the electric bus and the capacity expansion cost of the battery of the electric bus>Charging service fee for wired charging station and wireless charging station,/->For the rate of discount, add>For planning years, d is the typical number of days in a year, +. >For a planning position matrix of a wireless charging system, the value of the planning position matrix is 1 if a wireless charging station is planned at an intermediate station s, otherwise is 0,/or more>Unit planning costs for a wireless charging station, +.>For the number of photovoltaic cells planned at intermediate station s, < >>For the price per unit of photovoltaic cell, < >>For the number of energy storage systems planned at the intermediate station s,for the unit price of the energy storage system->For the number of electric buses operating on the driving route x, < > or->For the unit price of electric buses, < >>For the unit price of expanding the capacity of the battery of the electric bus, < >>As the capacity expansion matrix of the electric bus, if the vehicle-mounted battery expansion is carried out on the electric bus on the driving route x, the value is 1, otherwise, the value is 0, < >>、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wireless charging stations on the going-out road a and the returning road b in the y-th journey respectively; />、/>The electric energy charged by the electric buses on the driving route x through the wired charging stations at the start station and the end station in the y-th journey respectively; />、/>The service unit price for wireless charging and wired charging is respectively; />、/>The set of the forward road and the return road of the driving route x respectively.
8. The electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization system according to claim 7, wherein:
The model construction module (1) is used for constructing the following constraint of the number of electric buses required by a driving line:
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the number of the electric buses required by the going-out and the returning-back of the driving line x in normal operation is respectively;
the model construction module (1) is also used for constructing the following electric bus departure interval constraint:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for departure interval duration of driving line x, +.>、/>The time consumption of one way of the travel route x in the forward travel and the return travel is respectively;
the model building module (1) is also used for building the following constraint that the electric bus obtains energy from the wired charging station:
；
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the method comprises the steps of (1) providing a charging duration for an electric bus at a starting station when the electric bus goes to a journey on a driving line x;for the duration of time for charging at the terminal at each return of the electric bus on the driving route x, +.>For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus going out in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus going out in the y-th journey>For the initial charge of the battery of the electric bus returning in the y-th journey on the driving route x,/for the electric bus>Rated power to charge an electric bus through a wired charging station;
the model building module (1) is also used for building the following constraint that the electric bus obtains energy from the wireless charging station:
；
；
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,stop time for each intermediate station of driving route x, +.>Passing through a wireless charging station for an electric busRated power of charging;
the model building module (1) is also used for building the following constraint of the battery charge state when the electric buses go on the same driving line:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the initial battery capacity and the expanded battery capacity of the electric bus are respectively; />、/>The lower limit and the upper limit of the battery charge state of the electric bus are respectively set; />、/>The electric energy consumed by the electric buses on the driving route x on the going-way road a and the returning-way road b in the y-th journey is respectively; />、/>The electric energy additionally consumed by the expansion of the battery on the forward road a and the backward road b in the y-th journey of the electric bus on the driving route x is respectively;in order to charge electric energy of an electric bus on a driving route x through a wired charging station at a starting station in a y-th journey, bn is the total number of return roads, yn is the total journey times in operation time;
the model building module (1) is also used for building the following constraint of the battery charge state when the electric bus returns on the same driving line:
the constraint of the battery charge state when the electric bus returns on the same driving line is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,the electric energy charged by the electric bus on the driving route x through the wired charging station at the terminal in the y-th journey, and an is the total number of journey roads;
the photovoltaic and energy storage constraint of the wireless charging station is specifically as follows:
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,is a large M constant, +.>For the unit output power of the photovoltaic cell, < > for>Is a unit time->The unit installation capacity for the energy storage system.
9. The electric bus wired and wireless combined charging optimization system according to claim 8, wherein:
the model construction module (1) is further used for constructing power distribution network constraints when an electric bus charging load comprising power balance constraints, power distribution network line power constraints and power distribution network node voltage constraints is accessed, wherein the power balance constraints are as follows:
；
；
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the wireless charging load and the wired charging load at the node e of the power distribution network are respectively; />、/>Active power and reactive power of a base load accessed at a power distribution network node e; />、/>Active power and reactive power on a power distribution network line w connected with a power distribution network node e respectively; />For a set of electric bus operating periods, +.>、/>、/>Respectively coupling relation matrixes of the power distribution network node e and the intermediate station, the starting station and the end station; / >、/>The energy transmission efficiency of wireless charging and wired charging respectively; />、/>The power factor angles of wireless charging and wired charging are respectively;
the power distribution network line power constraint is as follows:
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the upper limit of active power of the power distribution network line is set;
the node voltage constraint of the power distribution network is as follows:
；
；
；
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,、/>the resistance and reactance of the power distribution network line w are respectively; />For the voltage drop of the distribution network line w in the period t, < >>、/>、/>Bus voltages of the power distribution network nodes a, b and e in the period t are respectively; />Rated voltage of bus of distribution network, < >>、/>The upper limit and the lower limit of the bus voltage of the distribution network are respectively set.
10. The utility model provides an electronic bus wired wireless joint charge optimizing equipment which characterized in that:
the optimization device comprises a processor (3) and a memory (4);
-said memory (4) is adapted to store computer program code (5) and to transmit said computer program code (5) to said processor (3);
the processor (3) is configured to execute the electric bus wired/wireless joint charging optimization method according to any one of claims 1-5 according to instructions in the computer program code (5).
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