CN117075084A - Optical chip, laser radar and mobile device - Google Patents
Optical chip, laser radar and mobile device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117075084A CN117075084A CN202311236851.1A CN202311236851A CN117075084A CN 117075084 A CN117075084 A CN 117075084A CN 202311236851 A CN202311236851 A CN 202311236851A CN 117075084 A CN117075084 A CN 117075084A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 197
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 23
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- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4287—Optical modules with tapping or launching means through the surface of the waveguide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4816—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of receivers alone
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/491—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/4912—Receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/125—Bends, branchings or intersections
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4213—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical elements being polarisation selective optical elements
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
The application relates to an optical chip, a laser radar and a movable device, wherein the optical chip comprises: the device comprises a first receiving waveguide module, a second receiving waveguide module, a first polarization beam splitting module, a second polarization beam splitting module and a second beam combiner, wherein the first polarization beam splitting module is connected with a first beam combiner of the first receiving waveguide module, the second polarization beam splitting module is connected with an output port of the second receiving waveguide module, the second beam combiner is used for combining and connecting a first beam splitting end of the first polarization beam splitting module and a second beam splitting end of the second polarization beam splitting module, and the polarization directions of optical signals output by the first beam splitting end and the second beam splitting end connected with the same second beam combiner are the same. The application improves the utilization rate of the echo light when the echo light falls in the area between the adjacent first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of laser detection, and particularly relates to an optical chip, a laser radar and movable equipment.
Background
The frequency modulation continuous wave (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave, FMCW) laser radar has the advantages of large range, high range resolution, real-time speed measurement, convenience for on-chip integration and the like, and is widely applied to scenes such as automatic driving, vehicle-road coordination, intelligent robots and the like. In the working process of the FMCW laser radar, a certain time difference exists when a light beam is emitted from an optical chip to the light chip reflected by a target object, and meanwhile, a scanning module of the laser radar continuously rotates, so that the reflected echo light can deviate from the emission position of the light beam at the focusing position of the optical chip, and an asynchronous receiving and transmitting effect is caused; the walk-off effect becomes severe as the distance of the detection object increases.
The reception range of echo light can be enlarged generally by increasing the number of reception waveguides of an optical chip to form a reception waveguide array; typically, the number of receiving waveguides is at least three. In addition, in order to reduce the number of photoelectric detection modules as much as possible and reduce the resource and complexity of subsequent signal processing, a beam combiner may be used to connect the ends of the two receiving waveguides, so as to reduce the number of photoelectric detection modules by reducing the number of echo light output ports. The same beam combiner is not generally used for combining all the receiving waveguides, because the light spots of the echo light generally fall on the end surfaces of the two receiving waveguides at most, and the mode of directly combining all the receiving waveguides by using one beam combiner easily causes higher light energy loss; for example, when the same beam combiner is connected to three receiving waveguides, since at least one receiving waveguide has no optical signal input, the optical energy output by the beam combiner has an optical energy loss of at least about 1/3, and this effect cannot be ignored as the number of receiving waveguides increases and the detection distance increases. Each combiner typically combines only a portion of the receive waveguides in the array of receive waveguides; however, for the receiving waveguide array structure connected by the beam combiner, when the echo light falls in the area between two adjacent receiving waveguides which are not connected by the beam combiner, the energy of the echo light can be divided into two parts, and the two parts are respectively transmitted to different photoelectric detection modules through different light paths to be beat with corresponding local oscillation light, so that the echo light utilization rate in the mode is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiments of the present application provide an optical chip, a laser radar, and a mobile device, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the echo light utilization rate is low when the echo light falls in the area between two adjacent receiving waveguides that are not connected by a beam combiner.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an optical chip, including:
the first receiving waveguide module comprises at least two first receiving waveguides and a first beam combiner, wherein the first receiving waveguides extend along a first direction, the first receiving waveguides are provided with first ends and second ends which are opposite, the first ends of the first receiving waveguides are used for receiving the received wave light, the first receiving waveguides are arranged at intervals along a second direction, the first beam combiner is provided with at least two first input ends and a first output end, and the second ends of the first receiving waveguides are connected with one first input end;
a second receiving waveguide module including at least one second receiving waveguide extending in the first direction, the second receiving waveguide having opposite third and fourth ends, the third end of the second receiving waveguide being configured to receive the echo light, the second receiving waveguide being spaced apart from the first receiving waveguide in the second direction, the second receiving waveguide module having an output port, the second receiving waveguide module being configured to receive the echo light via the third end of the second receiving waveguide and output the echo light via the output port, at least one of the second receiving waveguides being adjacent to one of the first receiving waveguides;
The first polarization beam splitting module is provided with a first incidence end and two first beam splitting ends, the first incidence end is connected with the first output end, and the first polarization beam splitting module is used for polarization splitting of the echo light output by the first receiving waveguide module so that part of the echo light is output from one first beam splitting end, and the rest of the echo light is output from the other first beam splitting end;
the second polarization beam splitting module is provided with a second incidence end and two second beam splitting ends, the second incidence end is connected with the output port, and the second polarization beam splitting module is used for polarization splitting of the echo light output by the second receiving waveguide module so that part of the echo light is output from one second beam splitting end, and the rest of the echo light is output from the other second beam splitting end;
the second beam combiner is provided with two second input ends and a second output end, one second input end is connected with one first beam splitting end, the other second input end is connected with one second beam splitting end, and the polarization directions of optical signals output by the first beam splitting end and the second beam splitting end which are connected with the same second beam splitter are the same;
Any two of the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction of the optical chip are perpendicular to each other.
In an alternative embodiment, the second receiving waveguide module includes: at least two second receiving waveguides, each second receiving waveguide is arranged at intervals along the second direction; and the third beam combiner is provided with at least two third input ends and a third output end, the fourth end of each second receiving waveguide is connected with one third input end, and the third output end is the output port.
In an alternative embodiment, the second receiving waveguide module includes one of the second receiving waveguides, and a fourth end of the second receiving waveguide is the output port.
In an alternative embodiment, the first polarization beam splitting module includes a polarization beam splitter, and polarization directions of optical signals output by the two first beam splitting ends are perpendicular.
In an alternative embodiment, the second output is connected to a polarization rotator; or the first beam splitting end of the polarization beam splitter, which is not connected with the second beam combiner, is connected with a polarization rotator.
In an optional embodiment, the first polarization beam splitting module includes a polarization beam splitting rotator, and polarization directions of the optical signals output by the two first beam splitting ends are the same.
In an alternative embodiment, the device further comprises a transmission waveguide; the first beam splitting end of the first polarization beam splitting module, which is not connected with the second beam combiner, is connected with the transmission waveguide; the second output end of the second beam combiner is connected with the transmission waveguide; the second beam splitting end of the second polarization beam splitting module, which is not connected with the second beam combiner, is connected with the transmission waveguide.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an optical chip, including:
the first receiving waveguide module comprises at least two first receiving waveguides and a first beam combiner, wherein the first receiving waveguides extend along a first direction, the first receiving waveguides are provided with first ends and second ends which are opposite, the first ends of the first receiving waveguides are used for receiving the received wave light, the first receiving waveguides are arranged at intervals along a second direction, the first beam combiner is provided with at least two first input ends and a first output end, and the second ends of the first receiving waveguides are connected with one first input end;
a second receiving waveguide module including at least one second receiving waveguide extending in the first direction, the second receiving waveguide having opposite third and fourth ends, the third end of the second receiving waveguide being configured to receive the echo light, the second receiving waveguide being spaced apart from the first receiving waveguide in the second direction, the second receiving waveguide module having an output port, the second receiving waveguide module being configured to receive the echo light via the third end of the second receiving waveguide and output the echo light via the output port, at least one of the second receiving waveguides being adjacent to one of the first receiving waveguides;
The first polarization beam splitting module is provided with a first incidence end and two first beam splitting ends, the first incidence end is connected with the first output end, and the first polarization beam splitting module is used for polarization splitting of the echo light output by the first receiving waveguide module so that part of the echo light is output from one first beam splitting end, and the rest of the echo light is output from the other first beam splitting end;
the second beam combiner is provided with two second input ends and a second output end, one second input end is connected with one first beam splitting end, and the other second input end is connected with one output port;
any two of the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction of the optical chip are perpendicular to each other.
A third aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a lidar comprising a housing and an optical chip as claimed in any of the first or second aspects.
A fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a mobile device comprising a mobile body and a lidar according to the third aspect, the lidar being mounted on the body.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that: according to the application, the first polarization beam splitting module, the second polarization beam splitting module and the second beam combiner are used for carrying out beam combining connection on the adjacent first receiving waveguide module and second receiving waveguide module, when echo light falls in a region between the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module, the second beam combiner can carry out superposition output on the echo light output by the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module, and compared with the existing receiving waveguide array structure which can only carry out single output on the echo light output by the first receiving waveguide or the echo light output by the second receiving waveguide, the utilization rate of the echo light is obviously improved, and the utilization rate of the echo light falling in the region of the first receiving waveguide module or the second receiving waveguide module is not influenced; in addition, compared with the existing receiving waveguide array structure, the echo light utilization rate between the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module is improved, so that the interval between the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module can be increased, and the offset of the echo light in a larger range can be covered on the basis of unchanged number of the receiving waveguides.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam combiner for connecting two receiving waveguides according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional receiving waveguide array structure according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another optical chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarizing beam splitter according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the polarizing beam splitter according to the first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the first polarization beam splitter module according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the first polarization beam splitter module according to the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization beam splitting rotator of the first polarization beam splitting module according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the polarization beam splitting rotator according to the first polarization beam splitting module provided in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a graph of echo light utilization corresponding to the prior art receiving waveguide array structure shown in FIG. 2, provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a graph of echo light utilization corresponding to the optical chip structure shown in FIG. 9 according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of another optical chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of another optical chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
reference numerals:
1-a first receiving waveguide module; 11-a first receiving waveguide; 111-a first end; 112-a second end; 12-a first beam combiner; 121-a first input; 122-a first output;
2-a second receiving waveguide module; 21-a second receiving waveguide; 211-third end; 212-fourth end; 213-output port; 22-a third beam combiner; 221-a third input; 222-a third output;
3-a first polarization beam splitting module; 31-a polarizing beam splitter; 311-a first incident end; 312-a first beam splitting end; 32-polarization beam splitting rotator;
4-a second polarization beam splitting module; 41-polarizing beam splitters; 411-a second incident end; 412-a second beam-splitting end; 42-polarization beam-splitting rotator;
5-a second beam combiner; 511-a second input; 512-a second output;
6-a transmission waveguide; 7-polarization rotator.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as the particular system architecture, techniques, etc., in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In order to illustrate the technical scheme of the application, the following description is made by specific examples.
The embodiment of the application is suitable for a frequency modulation continuous wave laser radar system, and the laser radar system comprises an optical chip, and can integrate multiple functions such as transmitting and receiving on the optical chip based on a silicon photon technology. When the laser radar works, the laser radar generates detection light and local oscillation light; the optical chip emits detection light to a target object in the detection area, receives echo light reflected by the target object, and utilizes the echo light and the local oscillation light to carry out coherent mixing, so that information such as the distance and the speed of the target object can be obtained, thereby realizing a laser detection function, and being applicable to a plurality of scenes such as automatic driving of a vehicle, obstacle identification of an intelligent robot, distance measurement and speed measurement.
Because a certain time difference exists between the process of emitting the detection light from the optical chip and the process of reflecting the echo light back to the optical chip by the target object, and the scanning module can continuously rotate in the operation process of the laser radar, the focusing position of the echo light on the optical chip can deviate from the emitting position of the detection light, and an asynchronous receiving and transmitting effect, namely a walk-off effect, is caused. At present, the number of receiving waveguides in an optical chip is generally increased, and a receiving waveguide array structure is formed to expand the receiving range of the echo light, so as to relieve the problem of low light receiving efficiency caused by the walk-off effect. In order to reduce the number of transmission waveguides corresponding to the array structure of the receiving waveguides as much as possible and reduce the resource and complexity of subsequent signal processing, as shown in fig. 1, a beam combiner is generally used to connect the ends of two receiving waveguides. It should be noted that, for example, in fig. 2, the same beam combiner is not generally used to combine all the receiving waveguides, because the light spot of the return light generally falls on the end surfaces of two receiving waveguides at most, and the mode of directly combining all the receiving waveguides by using one beam combiner easily causes higher optical energy loss; for example, when the same beam combiner is connected to three receiving waveguides, at least one receiving waveguide has no optical signal input, and the optical energy output by the beam combiner has at least about 1/3 of the optical energy loss, and this effect cannot be ignored as the number of receiving waveguides increases and the detection distance increases. Each combiner typically combines only a portion of the receive waveguides in the array of receive waveguides.
As shown in fig. 2, for the receiving waveguide array structure formed by the connection of the beam combiner, when the echo light falls in the region between the two receiving waveguides connected by the beam combiner, that is, the region S1 or the region S3, the echo light has a higher utilization rate, and all the received echo light is transmitted to the same photoelectric detection module (not shown in the figure) through one optical path, so as to beat with the corresponding local oscillation light. However, when the echo light falls in the region between the adjacent two receiving waveguides that are not connected by the beam combiner, that is, the S2 region, the utilization ratio of the echo light rapidly decreases; specifically, the energy of the echo light can be divided into two parts which are respectively transmitted to different photoelectric detection modules through different light paths so as to beat frequency with corresponding local oscillation light, only the component consistent with the polarization direction of the local oscillation light in each light path can beat frequency with the local oscillation light, and the component in the other polarization direction cannot beat frequency with the local oscillation light, so that the echo light utilization rate of the mode is lower. At this time, even if the space D of the S2 region is reduced, the improvement of the echo light utilization rate is still limited, and too small space D affects the utilization rate of the echo light when the echo light falls in the S1 and S3 regions. Furthermore, if the space D between the S2 regions is reduced, the receiving range of the receiving waveguide array structure is reduced, so as to reduce the detection distance of the laser radar, and if the detection distance is the same as that of the original structure, the number of receiving waveguides needs to be increased.
Based on the existing problems, an embodiment of the application provides an optical chip, a laser radar and a movable device, wherein in the optical chip, a first polarization beam splitting module is connected with a first beam combiner of a first receiving waveguide module, and is connected with an output port of a second receiving waveguide module through a second polarization beam splitting module, and then a first beam splitting end of the first polarization beam splitting module and a second beam splitting end of the second polarization beam splitting module are connected in a beam combining way through the second beam combiner, and the polarization directions of optical signals output by the first beam splitting end and the second beam splitting end connected by the same second beam combiner are the same. In another optical chip, a first polarization beam splitting module is connected with a first beam combiner of a first receiving waveguide module, and one first beam splitting end of the first polarization beam splitting module is connected with an output port of the second receiving waveguide module in a beam combining way through a second beam combiner. Therefore, the embodiment of the application performs beam combination connection on the adjacent first receiving waveguide module and second receiving waveguide module through the second beam combiner, so that the superposition output of the echo light output by the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module is realized, the utilization rate of the echo light when the echo light falls in the area between the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module is improved, and the utilization rate of the echo light falling in the first receiving waveguide module or the second receiving waveguide module is not influenced. In addition, compared with the existing receiving waveguide array structure, the utilization rate of the echo light between the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module is improved, so that the interval between the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module can be increased, the offset of the echo light covering a larger range can be realized on the basis of unchanged number of the receiving waveguides, and the laser radar can have a larger detection distance.
As shown in fig. 3, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a structure of an optical chip, including: a first receiving waveguide module 1, a second receiving waveguide module 2, a first polarization beam splitting module 3, a second polarization beam splitting module 4 and a second beam combiner 5. The respective partial structures are specifically described below.
Wherein the first receiving waveguide module 1 comprises at least two first receiving waveguides 11 and a first combiner 12. The embodiment of the present application is specifically illustrated with two first receiving waveguides 11 and one first combiner 12. The first receiving waveguide 11 has a first end 111 for receiving the return light and a second end 112 opposite in the extending direction, the first end 111 being an end of the first receiving waveguide 11 from which the return light is output. The first receiving waveguide 11 extends along a first direction M, and the first end 111 and the second end 112 are opposite ends of the first receiving waveguide 11 along the first direction M; the two first receiving waveguides 11 are arranged at intervals along the second direction N; the first direction M is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the optical chip, and the second direction N is perpendicular to the thickness direction and the first direction respectively; in other words, any two of the thickness direction, the first direction M, and the second direction N of the optical chip are perpendicular to each other. For convenience of explanation, in the embodiment of the present application, the two first receiving waveguides 11 shown in fig. 3 to 8 are in a straight line shape, and the two first receiving waveguides 11 are parallel to each other, but in practical application, the first receiving waveguides 11 may be curves extending along the first direction M in the optical chip, and the two first receiving waveguides 11 are arranged in an array along the second direction N.
The beam combiner is a device capable of combining two or more optical signals and outputting the combined signals. The first combiner 12 has at least two first input ends 121 and a first output end 122, and the diagonal shape of the first input ends 121 in fig. 3 is only schematic, and the first input ends 121 may be in any shape in practice. The second end 112 of each first receiving waveguide 11 is connected to a first input 121 of the first combiner 12. Specifically, the first beam combiner 12 has two first input ends 121 and one first output end 122, and the two first input ends 121 of the first beam combiner 12 are connected to the second ends 112 of the two first receiving waveguides 11 in a one-to-one correspondence. According to the embodiment of the application, the ends of the two first receiving waveguides 11 are connected through the first beam combiner 12, so that the number of photoelectric detection modules can be reduced, and the resource and complexity of subsequent signal processing can be reduced. The first beam combiner 12 may be a Y-coupler as shown in fig. 3, or may be another beam combining device such as a star coupler, which is not limited in the present application.
The second receiving waveguide module 2 includes at least one second receiving waveguide 21, where the second receiving waveguide 21 has a third end 211 and a fourth end 212 opposite to each other along the extending direction, the third end 211 is used for receiving the echo light, and the fourth end 212 is one end of the second receiving waveguide 21 outputting the echo light. The second receiving waveguides 21 extend along the first direction M, and the second receiving waveguides 21 and the first receiving waveguides 11 are arranged at intervals along the second direction N. For convenience of explanation, in the embodiment of the present application, the second receiving waveguide 21 shown in fig. 3 is in a straight line shape, and the second receiving waveguide 21 is parallel to the first receiving waveguide 11, but in practical application, the second receiving waveguide 21 may be a curve extending along the first direction M in the optical chip, and the second receiving waveguide 21 and the first receiving waveguide 11 are arranged in an array along the second direction N.
In addition, the second receiving waveguide module 2 further has an output port 213, and the second receiving waveguide module 2 is configured to receive the echo light via the third end 211 of the second receiving waveguide 21 and output the echo light via the output port 213; wherein at least one second receiving waveguide 21 is adjacent to one first receiving waveguide 11.
Specifically, the second receiving waveguide module 2 of the embodiment of the present application may have various structures, and two structures are specifically exemplified below, but it should be understood that the structure of the second receiving waveguide module 2 is not limited to these two structures; specifically, one of the structures is that the second receiving waveguide module 2 comprises at least two second receiving waveguides 21 and a third beam combiner 22; another configuration is that the second receiving waveguide module 2 includes a second receiving waveguide 21. The following describes the two structures in detail.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, one structure of the second receiving waveguide module 2 includes at least two second receiving waveguides 21 and a third beam combiner 22. The second receiving waveguides 21 extend along the first direction M, and the second receiving waveguides 21 are arranged at intervals along the second direction N; the third combiner 22 has at least two third input ends 221 and a third output end 222, the fourth end 212 of each second receiving waveguide 21 is connected to a third input end 221, and the third output end 222 is the output port 213 of the second receiving waveguide module. It can be understood that the second receiving waveguide module 2 has the same structure as the first receiving waveguide module 1, and the specific structure may refer to the content of the first receiving waveguide module 1, which is not described herein.
As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment, another structure of the second receiving waveguide module 2 includes a second receiving waveguide 21, the second receiving waveguide 21 having opposite third and fourth ends 211 and 212, the fourth end 212 of the second receiving waveguide 21 being an output port 213 of the second receiving waveguide module.
As shown in fig. 3, the first polarization beam splitting module 3 has a first incident end 311 and two first beam splitting ends 312, the first incident end 311 is connected to the first output end 122, and the first polarization beam splitting module 3 is configured to polarization and split the echo light output by the first receiving waveguide module 1, so that a portion of the echo light is output from one first beam splitting end 312, and the remaining portion of the echo light is output from the other first beam splitting end 312.
The second polarization beam splitting module 4 has a second incident end 411 and two second beam splitting ends 412, the second incident end 411 is connected to the output port 213, and the second polarization beam splitting module 4 is configured to polarization-split the echo light output by the second receiving waveguide module 2, so that a portion of the echo light is output from one second beam splitting end 412, and the remaining portion of the echo light is output from the other second beam splitting end 412.
In the embodiment of the present application, the polarization direction of the probe light is usually single, for example, the probe light is an optical signal of a transverse electric mode or an optical signal of a transverse magnetic mode. Diffuse reflection occurs when the probe light irradiates on a target object in the detection area, and echo light received by the optical chip is not in a single polarization direction any more, but contains a transverse electric mode (TE) component and a transverse magnetic mode (TM) component, wherein the TE component is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the TM component. The first polarization beam splitting module 3 and the second polarization beam splitting module 4 of the embodiment of the present application are devices that can be used to separate the components of the two polarization directions with low loss so that one of the TE component and the TM component is output from one port and the other is output from the other port.
That is, after the echo light is received and outputted via the first receiving waveguide module 1, polarization splitting is performed in the first polarization beam splitting module 3, and the TE component and the TM component are separated, the TE component is outputted from one of the first beam splitting ends 312, and the TM component is outputted from the other first beam splitting end 312. Alternatively, after the echo light is received and outputted through the second receiving waveguide module 2, the polarization beam splitting module 4 performs polarization beam splitting to split the echo light into a TE component and a TM component, the TE component is outputted from one of the second beam splitting ends 412, and the TM component is outputted from the other second beam splitting end 412.
Specifically, the first polarization beam splitting module 3 and the second polarization beam splitting module 4 in the embodiment of the present application may specifically adopt the following two structures: one of which is a polarizing beam splitter and the other is a polarizing beam splitting rotator. The following describes the two structures in detail.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, in one embodiment, the first polarization beam splitting module 3 includes a polarization beam splitter 31, and the polarization directions of the optical signals output by the two first beam splitting ends 312 are perpendicular.
Specifically, the second receiving waveguide module 2 in fig. 5 and 6 is a structure of two second receiving waveguides 21 and a third beam combiner 22, the second receiving waveguide module 2 in fig. 7 and 8 is a structure of one second receiving waveguide 21, the first polarizing beam splitter module 3 in fig. 5 to 8 is a polarizing beam splitter 31, the polarizing beam splitter 31 performs polarizing beam splitting on a TE component and a TM component in the return light output from the first beam combiner 12, the TE component is output from one first beam splitting end 312 of the polarizing beam splitter 31, and the TM component is output from the other first beam splitting end 312 of the polarizing beam splitter.
As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the second beam combiner 5 has two second input ends 511 and a second output end 512, where one second input end 511 is connected to a first beam splitting end 312, and the other second input end 511 is connected to a second beam splitting end 412. The second output end 512 of the second beam combiner 5 may be connected to the polarization rotator 7, or as shown in fig. 6 and 8, the first beam splitting end 312 of the polarization beam splitter 31, to which the second beam combiner 5 is not connected, may be connected to the polarization rotator 7.
That is, in fig. 5 and 7, assuming that the first beam splitting end 312 of the polarization beam splitter 31 to which the second beam combiner 5 is connected outputs a TM (or TE) component, when the other first beam splitting end 312 of the polarization beam splitter 31 to which the second beam combiner 5 is not connected outputs a TE (or TM) component, the second output end 512 of the second beam combiner 5 may be connected to the polarization rotator 7, and the TM (or TE) component output after the second output end 512 is combined is polarization-rotated into a TE (or TM) component, so that the polarization directions of the optical signals of the respective transmission waveguides are all TE (or TM) polarization directions; alternatively, in fig. 6 and 8, assuming that the first beam splitting end 312 of the polarization beam splitter 31 to which the second beam combiner 5 is not connected outputs a TM (or TE) component, the polarization rotator 7 may be connected to the first beam splitting end 312 of the polarization beam splitter 31 to which the second beam combiner 5 is not connected, and polarization of the TM (or TE) component directly output by the polarization beam splitter 31 is rotated into a TE (or TM) component, so that the polarization directions of the optical signals of the respective transmission waveguides are both TE (or TM) polarization directions.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, in one embodiment, the first polarization beam splitting module 3 includes a polarization beam splitting rotator 32, and the polarization directions of the optical signals output by the two first beam splitting ends 312 are the same.
Specifically, the second receiving waveguide module 2 in fig. 9 is a structure of two second receiving waveguides 21 and a third beam combiner 22, the second receiving waveguide module 2 in fig. 10 is a structure of one second receiving waveguide 21, the first polarization beam splitting module 3 in fig. 9 and 10 is a polarization beam splitting rotator 32, at this time, when the polarization beam splitting rotator 32 receives the echo light emitted from the first receiving waveguide 11, two components with different polarization directions in the echo light are split, and then one component maintains the original polarization direction and is output from one first beam splitting end 312; and the other component is output from the other first beam-splitting end 312 after the polarization is rotated to be the same as the polarization direction of the aforementioned component. That is, when the polarization beam-splitting rotator 32 is employed, the polarization directions of the optical signals output from the two first beam-splitting ends 312 are the same.
If each of the first polarization beam splitting modules is the polarization beam splitting rotator 32, theoretically the same second beam combiner 5 may be connected to a first beam splitting end 312 of the first polarization beam splitting module 3 and any second beam splitting end 412 of the second polarization beam splitting module 4; of course, it is preferable that the second input end 511 of the same second beam combiner 5 is connected to the first beam splitting end 312 and the second beam splitting end 412 which are not rotated by polarization, or to the first beam splitting end 312 and the second beam splitting end 412 which are rotated by polarization, so that it is beneficial to ensure that the phases of the two optical signals received by the same second beam combiner 5 are the same.
It is understood that the second polarization beam splitting module 4 may be configured as the polarization beam splitter 41 or the polarization beam splitting rotator 42, and only the second beam splitting end 412 of the second polarization beam splitting module 4 connected to the second beam combiner 5 and the first beam splitting end 312 of the first polarization beam splitting module 3 need have the same polarization direction.
After the first polarization beam splitting module 3 splits the optical signals of different polarization components of the return light, the polarization directions of the optical signals output from the two first beam splitting ends 312 may be the same or different. For example, when the polarization beam splitter 31 is used in the first polarization beam splitting module 3, the two polarized light signals after beam splitting are respectively outputted from the two first beam splitting ends 312 while maintaining the original deflection directions, and the polarization directions of the two first beam splitting ends 312 are different. For another example, when the polarization beam splitting module 3 employs the polarization beam splitting rotator 32, the polarization direction of one of the two optical signals after beam splitting is maintained unchanged, and the polarization direction of the other optical signal is changed, so that the polarization directions of the optical signals emitted from the two first beam splitting ends 312 are the same.
In addition, in the receiving waveguide assembly, the polarization beam splitting modules connected with different receiving waveguides can be of the same type, for example, each polarization beam splitting module adopts a polarization beam splitter or adopts a polarization beam splitting rotator; the polarization beam splitting modules connected with different receiving waveguides can also be of different types, for example, part of the polarization beam splitting modules adopt polarization beam splitters and part of the polarization beam splitting modules adopt polarization beam splitting rotators; the application is not limited herein.
As shown in fig. 3, the second beam combiner 5 has two second input ends 511 and a second output end 512, wherein one second input end 511 is connected to a first beam splitting end 312, the other second input end 511 is connected to a second beam splitting end 412, and the polarization directions of the optical signals output by the first beam splitting end 312 and the second beam splitting end 412 connected to the same second beam combiner 5 are the same. The second beam combiner 5 of the embodiment of the present application may be a Y-coupler, a star-coupler, or other beam combining devices, which is not limited in this aspect of the present application.
According to the embodiment of the application, the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module are connected in a beam combining way through the second beam combiner, so that components with the same polarization direction in the echo light output by the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module are output in a superposition way, and the echo light utilization rate when the echo light is focused in the area between the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module is improved. Specifically, when the echo light falls between the two first receiving waveguides 11 of the first receiving waveguide module 1, the optical signal output by the first beam splitting end 312 of the second beam combiner 5 and the local oscillation light beat frequency can be passed through the first polarization beam splitting module 3; when the echo light falls between the first receiving waveguide module 1 and the second receiving waveguide module 2, the optical signal and the local oscillation light beat frequency output by the second output end 512 of the second beam combiner 5 can be obtained; when the echo light falls on the second receiving waveguide module 2, the optical signal output by the second beam splitting end 412 of the second beam combiner 5 and the beat frequency of the local oscillation light can be obtained through the second polarization beam splitting module 4; therefore, no matter the light spot of the echo light falls at any position, the local oscillation light beat frequency can be used with higher energy, so that the utilization rate of the echo light is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the optical chip in the embodiment of the present application includes a transmission waveguide 6 in addition to the first receiving waveguide module 1, the second receiving waveguide module 2, the first polarization beam splitting module 3, the second polarization beam splitting module 4, and the second beam combiner 5. The first beam splitting end 312 of the first polarization beam splitting module 3, to which the second beam combiner 5 is not connected, is connected to the transmission waveguide 6; the second output end 512 of the second beam combiner 5 is connected to a transmission waveguide 6; the second beam splitting end 412 of the second polarization beam splitting module 4, to which the second beam combiner 5 is not connected, is connected to a transmission waveguide 6. The transmission waveguide 6 is configured to transmit an optical signal output by an optical device (such as the first polarization beam splitter module, the second beam combiner or the second polarization beam splitter module) upstream of the transmission waveguide to the photoelectric detection module, so that the back wave light and the local oscillation light are subjected to beat frequency at the photoelectric detection module and undergo photoelectric conversion.
For the embodiment of the present application, the specific principle of the whole echo light is fully described by using one of the optical chip structures shown in fig. 9:
in the embodiment of the application, the optical chip comprises a first receiving waveguide module 1, a second receiving waveguide module 2, a first polarization beam splitting module 3, a second polarization beam splitting module 4, a second beam combiner 5 and a transmission waveguide 6. The first receiving waveguide module 1 includes two first receiving waveguides 11 and a first beam combiner 12, wherein first ends 111 of the two first receiving waveguides 11 are used for receiving the reflected light, and second ends 112 of the two first receiving waveguides 11 are connected with a first input end 121 of the first beam combiner 12; the first polarization beam splitting module 3 is a polarization beam splitting rotator 32, and the first output end 122 of the first beam combiner 12 is connected with the first incident end 311 of the first polarization beam splitting module 3; one of the first beam splitting ends 312 of the first polarization beam splitting module 3 outputs a part of the return light (a component of one polarization direction), the other first beam splitting end 312 of the first polarization beam splitting module 3 is connected to the second input end 511 of the second beam combiner 5, and the remaining part of the return light (a component of the other polarization direction) is input to the second beam combiner 5.
Similarly, the second receiving waveguide module 2 includes two second receiving waveguides 21 and a third beam combiner 22, third ends 211 of the two second receiving waveguides 21 are used for receiving the reflected light, and fourth ends 212 of the two second receiving waveguides 21 are connected with a third input end 221 of the third beam combiner 22; the second polarization beam splitting module 4 is a polarization beam splitting rotator 42, and the third output end 222 of the third beam combiner 22 is connected with the second incident end 411 of the second polarization beam splitting module 4; one of the second beam splitting ends 412 of the second polarization beam splitting module 4 outputs a part of the return light (a component of one polarization direction), and the other second beam splitting end 412 of the second polarization beam splitting module 4 is connected to the second input end 511 of the second beam combiner 5, and inputs the remaining part of the return light (a component of one polarization direction) into the second beam combiner 5. And the polarization directions of the optical signals connected to the first beam splitting end 312 and the second beam splitting end 412 of the second beam combiner 5 are the same, and the second beam combiner 5 combines the echo light output by the two polarization beam splitting modules and outputs the combined light.
When the echo light is focused on the area of the first receiving waveguide module 1, each first receiving waveguide 11 of the first receiving waveguide module 1 receives the echo light, and combines the received echo light into one beam through the first beam combiner 12, and outputs the components in the two polarization directions by splitting and rotating the components in the same polarization direction through the polarization beam splitting rotator 32, for example, the polarization beam splitting rotator 32 splits the TE component and the TM component, outputs the TE component from one first beam splitting end 312 to the transmission waveguide, rotates the TM component to the TE component, and outputs the TE component from the other first beam splitting end 312 to the second beam combiner 5. At this time, the beat signal based on the beat frequency of the local oscillation light and the component output by the first beam splitting end 312 of the polarization beam splitting rotator, which is not connected to the second beam splitting end 5, may be obtained, the beat signal based on the beat frequency of the local oscillation light and the component output by the second beam splitting end 5 may be obtained, and the beat signal based on the beat frequency of the local oscillation light and the higher energy component of the two components may be obtained.
When the echo light is focused in the area of the second receiving waveguide module 2, each second receiving waveguide 21 of the second receiving waveguide module 2 receives the echo light, and combines the echo light into one beam through the third beam combiner 22, the components of the two polarization directions are split and rotated into the same polarization direction for output through the polarization beam splitter rotator 42, for example, the polarization beam splitter rotator 42 splits the TE component and the TM component, outputs the TE component from one second beam splitter end 412 to the transmission waveguide 6, rotates the TM component into the TE component, and outputs the TE component from the other second beam splitter end 412 to the second beam combiner 5. At this time, the beat signal based on the beat frequency of the local oscillation light and the component output by the second beam splitting end 412 of the polarization beam splitting rotator 42, which is not connected to the second beam splitting device 5, may be obtained, or the beat signal based on the beat frequency of the local oscillation light and the component output by the second beam splitting device 5 may be obtained, or the beat signal based on the beat frequency of the local oscillation light and the higher energy component of the two components may be obtained.
When the echo light is focused in the region between the first receiving waveguide module 1 and the second receiving waveguide module 2, the adjacent first receiving waveguide 11 and second receiving waveguide 21 receive the echo light and pass through the first beam combiner 12 and the polarization beam splitting rotator 32, and the third beam combiner 22 and the polarization beam splitting rotator 42, for example, the polarization beam splitting rotator 32 splits the echo light in the first receiving waveguide 11 and outputs the TE component from one first beam splitting end 312 to the transmission waveguide 6 and rotates the TM component into the TE component and outputs the TE component from the other first beam splitting end 312 to the second beam combiner 5; the polarization beam splitter 42 splits the echo light in the second receiving waveguide 21, and then outputs the TE component from one second beam splitting end 412 to the transmission waveguide 6, rotates the TM component into the TE component, and outputs the TE component from the other second beam splitting end 412 to the second beam combiner 5. The second beam combiner 5 combines the two input TE components and outputs the combined TE components. At this time, a beat signal based on the component output from the second beam combiner 5 and the beat frequency of the local oscillation light can be acquired.
Therefore, when the echo light falls in the area between the first receiving waveguide module 1 and the second receiving waveguide module 2, the second beam combiner 5 is used for combining and connecting the first receiving waveguide module 1 and the second receiving waveguide module 2, so that the components with the same polarization direction in the echo light output by the first receiving waveguide module 1 and the second receiving waveguide module 2 are output in a superposition way, and the echo light utilization rate when the echo light falls in the area between the first receiving waveguide module 1 and the second receiving waveguide module 2 is improved. And no matter the light spot of the echo light falls on any position of the first receiving waveguide module 1, the second receiving waveguide module 2 or the area between the first receiving waveguide module 1 and the second receiving waveguide module 2, the beat frequency of the echo light can be higher with the local oscillation light, and the utilization rate of the echo light is improved.
Fig. 11 is a graph showing the utilization of TE and TM components of the return light in the conventional receiving waveguide array structure corresponding to fig. 2. As can be seen from (b) and (c) in fig. 11, when the echo light falls on the first receiving waveguide module or the second receiving waveguide module, both the TE component and the TM component have higher utilization, i.e., the echo light has higher utilization; when the echo light falls in the area between the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module, the curve of the middle dotted line box is concave, which indicates that the utilization rate of the echo light is low.
Fig. 12 is a graph showing the utilization of TE and TM components in the return light in the optical chip according to the embodiment of the present application corresponding to fig. 9. As can be seen from fig. 9, when the echo light falls on the first receiving waveguide module or the second receiving waveguide module, the utilization efficiency of both the TE component and the TM component has a higher utilization ratio, which indicates that the embodiment of the present application does not affect the utilization ratio of the echo light falling on the first receiving waveguide module or the second receiving waveguide module; when the echo light falls in the region between the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module, the utilization ratio of the echo light is improved by at least one time as compared with the curve of the middle concave portion in fig. 11, which means that the utilization ratio of the echo light is greatly improved at this time.
Moreover, compared with the existing receiving waveguide array structure, the utilization rate of the echo light in the area between the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module is greatly improved, so that the interval between the first receiving waveguide module and the second receiving waveguide module can be increased, and a larger range of echo light offset can be covered on the basis of unchanged receiving waveguide quantity, namely the laser radar can have a larger detection distance.
As shown in fig. 13 and 14, compared with the structure of the optical chip provided in the first aspect, the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides another structure of the optical chip without the second polarization beam splitter module 4, and specifically includes the first receiving waveguide module 1, the second receiving waveguide module 2, the first polarization beam splitter module 3, and the second beam combiner 5. As shown in fig. 13, the second receiving waveguide module 2 includes two second receiving waveguides 21 and a third beam combiner 22; as shown in fig. 14, the second receiving waveguide module 2 includes one second receiving waveguide 21. The structures and connection relationships of the first receiving waveguide module 1, the second receiving waveguide module 2, the first polarization beam splitter module 3, and the second beam combiner 5 may refer to the relevant content of the optical chip provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, which is not described herein again.
One second input end 511 of the second beam combiner 5 is connected to one first beam splitting end 312 of the first polarization beam splitting module 3, and the other second input end 511 is connected to the output port 213 of the second receiving waveguide module 2. According to the embodiment of the application, the first receiving waveguide module 1 and the second receiving waveguide module 2 are connected in a beam combining way through the second beam combiner 5, so that components with the same polarization direction in echo light output by the first receiving waveguide module 1 and the second receiving waveguide module 2 are output in a superposition way, and the echo light utilization rate when the echo light falls in the area between the first receiving waveguide module 1 and the second receiving waveguide module 2 is improved.
A third aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a lidar, which includes a housing and the optical chip according to any one of the first aspect or the second aspect, wherein the optical chip is accommodated in the housing. Please refer to the above for the structure and principle of the optical chip, and the disclosure is not repeated here.
A fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a mobile device, including a mobile body and a lidar as described in the third aspect, where the lidar is mounted on the body. For example, the movable device may be an automobile, a robot, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a logistics vehicle, a patrol vehicle, or the like, and if the movable device is an automobile, the movable body is an automobile body, and the laser radar is mounted on the automobile body.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An optical chip, comprising:
the first receiving waveguide module comprises at least two first receiving waveguides and a first beam combiner, wherein the first receiving waveguides extend along a first direction, the first receiving waveguides are provided with first ends and second ends which are opposite, the first ends of the first receiving waveguides are used for receiving the received wave light, the first receiving waveguides are arranged at intervals along a second direction, the first beam combiner is provided with at least two first input ends and a first output end, and the second ends of the first receiving waveguides are connected with one first input end;
a second receiving waveguide module including at least one second receiving waveguide extending in the first direction, the second receiving waveguide having opposite third and fourth ends, the third end of the second receiving waveguide being configured to receive the echo light, the second receiving waveguide being spaced apart from the first receiving waveguide in the second direction, the second receiving waveguide module having an output port, the second receiving waveguide module being configured to receive the echo light via the third end of the second receiving waveguide and output the echo light via the output port, at least one of the second receiving waveguides being adjacent to one of the first receiving waveguides;
The first polarization beam splitting module is provided with a first incidence end and two first beam splitting ends, the first incidence end is connected with the first output end, and the first polarization beam splitting module is used for polarization splitting of the echo light output by the first receiving waveguide module so that part of the echo light is output from one first beam splitting end, and the rest of the echo light is output from the other first beam splitting end;
the second polarization beam splitting module is provided with a second incidence end and two second beam splitting ends, the second incidence end is connected with the output port, and the second polarization beam splitting module is used for polarization splitting of the echo light output by the second receiving waveguide module so that part of the echo light is output from one second beam splitting end, and the rest of the echo light is output from the other second beam splitting end;
the second beam combiner is provided with two second input ends and a second output end, one second input end is connected with one first beam splitting end, the other second input end is connected with one second beam splitting end, and the polarization directions of optical signals output by the first beam splitting end and the second beam splitting end which are connected with the same second beam combiner are the same;
Any two of the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction of the optical chip are perpendicular to each other.
2. The optical chip of claim 1, wherein the second receiving waveguide module comprises:
at least two second receiving waveguides, each second receiving waveguide is arranged at intervals along the second direction; and
the third beam combiner is provided with at least two third input ends and a third output end, the fourth end of each second receiving waveguide is connected with one third input end, and the third output end is the output port.
3. The optical chip of claim 1, wherein the second receiving waveguide module comprises one of the second receiving waveguides, the fourth end of the second receiving waveguide being the output port.
4. The optical chip of claim 1, wherein the first polarization beam splitting module comprises a polarization beam splitter, and the polarization directions of the optical signals output by the two first beam splitting ends are perpendicular.
5. The optical chip of claim 4, wherein the optical chip,
the second output end is connected with a polarization rotator; or alternatively
The first beam splitting end of the polarization beam splitter, which is not connected with the second beam combiner, is connected with a polarization rotator.
6. The optical chip of claim 1, wherein the first polarization beam splitting module includes a polarization beam splitting rotator, and the polarization directions of the optical signals output by the two first beam splitting ends are the same.
7. The optical chip of claim 1, further comprising a transmission waveguide;
the first beam splitting end of the first polarization beam splitting module, which is not connected with the second beam combiner, is connected with the transmission waveguide;
the second output end of the second beam combiner is connected with the transmission waveguide;
the second beam splitting end of the second polarization beam splitting module, which is not connected with the second beam combiner, is connected with the transmission waveguide.
8. An optical chip, comprising:
the first receiving waveguide module comprises at least two first receiving waveguides and a first beam combiner, wherein the first receiving waveguides extend along a first direction, the first receiving waveguides are provided with first ends and second ends which are opposite, the first ends of the first receiving waveguides are used for receiving the received wave light, the first receiving waveguides are arranged at intervals along a second direction, the first beam combiner is provided with at least two first input ends and a first output end, and the second ends of the first receiving waveguides are connected with one first input end;
A second receiving waveguide module including at least one second receiving waveguide extending in the first direction, the second receiving waveguide having opposite third and fourth ends, the third end of the second receiving waveguide being configured to receive the echo light, the second receiving waveguide being spaced apart from the first receiving waveguide in the second direction, the second receiving waveguide module having an output port, the second receiving waveguide module being configured to receive the echo light via the third end of the second receiving waveguide and output the echo light via the output port, at least one of the second receiving waveguides being adjacent to one of the first receiving waveguides;
the first polarization beam splitting module is provided with a first incidence end and two first beam splitting ends, the first incidence end is connected with the first output end, and the first polarization beam splitting module is used for polarization splitting of the echo light output by the first receiving waveguide module so that part of the echo light is output from one first beam splitting end, and the rest of the echo light is output from the other first beam splitting end;
the second beam combiner is provided with two second input ends and a second output end, one second input end is connected with one first beam splitting end, and the other second input end is connected with one output port;
Any two of the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction of the optical chip are perpendicular to each other.
9. A lidar comprising a housing and the optical chip of any of claims 1 to 8.
10. A mobile device comprising a mobile body and the lidar of claim 9 mounted on the body.
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| CN114938662A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-08-23 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | Laser radar and control method of laser radar |
| CN114024616A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-08 | 北京邮电大学 | Multi-path frequency conversion structure realized by polarization state independent modulation |
| CN116338634A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-06-27 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | Waveguide assembly, integrated chip and laser radar |
| CN115134004A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-09-30 | 北京中科国光量子科技有限公司 | Integrated self-coherent receiving optical chip based on bidirectional multiplexing delay interferometer |
| CN116482652A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-07-25 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | Frequency modulation continuous wave laser radar and automatic driving equipment |
| CN115951330A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-11 | 北京摩尔芯光半导体技术有限公司 | OPA laser radar chip and laser radar |
| CN116087915A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-05-09 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | Optical chip, laser radar, automatic driving system and movable equipment |
| CN116243278A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-06-09 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | Optical chip module, laser radar and mobile equipment |
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