CN117074635A - On-line monitoring method and system for concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water - Google Patents
On-line monitoring method and system for concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water Download PDFInfo
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- CN117074635A CN117074635A CN202311101714.7A CN202311101714A CN117074635A CN 117074635 A CN117074635 A CN 117074635A CN 202311101714 A CN202311101714 A CN 202311101714A CN 117074635 A CN117074635 A CN 117074635A
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- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004382 visual function Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/0044—Sulphides, e.g. H2S
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for on-line monitoring of concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water, and belongs to the field of limited space monitoring. Comprising the following steps: acquiring the concentration, absolute humidity, temperature and pressure of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air in a monitoring area; calculating the mole fractions of hydrogen sulfide, water vapor, nitrogen and oxygen in the air; respectively calculating equilibrium constants of water vapor, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen and nitrogen under the current temperature and the current pressure; synthesizing balance constants and mole fractions of the four gases, and calculating an intermediate coefficient based on a flash evaporation model; calculating the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water according to the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in air, the equilibrium constant of hydrogen sulfide and the intermediate coefficient; the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in the water is converted to the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the water. Based on the thermodynamic equilibrium state of gas-liquid two phases, the invention calculates the mole fraction and thermodynamic parameter of each component of air by obtaining the environmental parameter and the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas, converts the mole fraction and thermodynamic parameter into the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water, and rapidly and effectively monitors the concentration of hydrogen sulfide above and inside the water body in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of limited space monitoring, and particularly relates to an online monitoring method and system for concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water.
Background
Because the operation frequency of the inner space is low, the limited space is usually in a range beyond supervision, unknown risks possibly exist, and casualties are easily caused when personnel enter the operation illegally. In recent years, toxic gas leakage in limited space operations frequently results in accidents of operator poisoning, wherein the hydrogen sulfide poisoning accident accounts for the largest proportion. The toxic gas monitoring and early warning technology is insufficient, and the safety risk identification level of operators on a limited space is limited, so that the safety risk identification system is a main cause of accidents. Therefore, the research and development and application of the limited space toxic gas monitoring technology are one of important subjects in the field of safe production at home and abroad in recent years.
The safety technology research about the limited space mainly selects operators as research objects, and comprises the technical fields of limited space emergency rescue, mechanical man-reduction and the like. However, the safety assessment of the internal environment of a limited space is also an important ring for ensuring the safety of operation. Wherein, for the limited space where hydrogen sulfide can exist, the high volatility of hydrogen sulfide in the accumulated water in the limited space can cause the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the limited space to be larger than the allowable concentration during operation. Therefore, when the limited space hydrogen sulfide gas is monitored before operation, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide possibly existing in accumulated water is concerned, the safety of the limited space operation environment is judged more accurately, and an important reference basis is provided for preventing limited space hydrogen sulfide poisoning accidents.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an online monitoring method and an online monitoring system for the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water, which aim to solve the problem of monitoring the concentration of hydrogen sulfide under the dissolution balance of a limited space operation environment and avoid poisoning accidents caused by volatilization of hydrogen sulfide in water after personnel enter the operation environment.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for on-line monitoring of hydrogen sulfide concentration in water, comprising:
acquiring the concentration, absolute humidity, temperature and pressure of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air in a monitoring area;
converting the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air into mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in the air, calculating mole fraction of water vapor in the air according to absolute humidity, and calculating mole fraction of nitrogen and oxygen in the air according to mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide and water vapor in the air;
respectively calculating equilibrium constants of water vapor, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen and nitrogen under the current temperature and the current pressure;
synthesizing balance constants and mole fractions of the four gases, and calculating an intermediate coefficient based on a flash evaporation model;
calculating the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water according to the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in air, the equilibrium constant of hydrogen sulfide and the intermediate coefficient;
the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in the water is converted to the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the water.
Preferably, the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide gas in the air is converted into a mole fraction of the hydrogen sulfide in the air, the mole fraction of the water vapor in the air is calculated according to the absolute humidity, and the mole fractions of the nitrogen and the oxygen in the air are calculated according to the mole fractions of the hydrogen sulfide and the water vapor in the air, specifically:
wherein,the mole fractions of hydrogen sulfide, water vapor, nitrogen and oxygen in the air are respectively shown in the dimension, p is the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air, and the unit is ppm, < >>Absolute humidity of air in mg/m 3 。
Preferably, the equilibrium constant of water vapor is calculated as follows:
wherein,at the current temperature thetaAnd the equilibrium constant of water vapor at pressure P, < >>For the current temperature theta and the reference pressure P 0 Equilibrium constant of lower water vapor, +.>At the current pressure P to the reference pressure P 0 The partial molar volume below, R is the gas constant,/->Is the fugacity coefficient of the water vapor at the current temperature and pressure P.
Preferably, the equilibrium constants of hydrogen sulfide, oxygen and nitrogen are calculated as follows:
wherein i=h 2 S，N 2 ，O 2 ，K i Is the equilibrium constant, k, of the gas i at the current temperature and pressure P f Is the Henry coefficient, gamma, of gas i at the current temperature and pressure P i For the activity of the gas i at the current temperature and pressure P,is the fugacity coefficient of the gas i at the current temperature and pressure P.
Preferably, the equilibrium constants and mole fractions of the four gases are substituted into the following equation to calculate the intermediate coefficient:
wherein z is i Is the mole fraction of gas i in air, K i The equilibrium constant of gas i at the current temperature and pressure, β being the intermediate coefficient.
Preferably, the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water is calculated according to the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in air, the equilibrium constant of hydrogen sulfide and the intermediate coefficient, specifically:
wherein,is the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water, +.>Is the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in air, +.>Is the equilibrium constant of hydrogen sulfide at the current temperature and pressure, and beta is the intermediate coefficient.
Preferably, the conversion of the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water to the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water is specifically:
wherein,is the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water, +.>Is the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water in ppm.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and if the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the water reaches an alarm value, performing audible and visual alarm.
Preferably, the method further comprises: synchronizing the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water and the alarm state to an external early warning prediction platform.
In order to achieve the above object, in a second aspect, the present invention provides an online monitoring system for hydrogen sulfide concentration in water, comprising: a processor and a memory;
the memory is used for storing computer execution instructions;
the processor is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions such that the method according to the first aspect is performed.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
the invention discloses a method and a system for on-line monitoring of concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water, comprising the following steps: acquiring the concentration, absolute humidity, temperature and pressure of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air in a monitoring area; converting the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air into mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in the air, calculating mole fraction of water vapor in the air according to absolute humidity, and calculating mole fraction of nitrogen and oxygen in the air according to mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide and water vapor in the air; respectively calculating equilibrium constants of water vapor, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen and nitrogen under the current temperature and the current pressure; synthesizing balance constants and mole fractions of the four gases, and calculating an intermediate coefficient based on a flash evaporation model; calculating the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water according to the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in air, the equilibrium constant of hydrogen sulfide and the intermediate coefficient; the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in the water is converted to the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the water. Based on the thermodynamic equilibrium state of the gas-liquid two phases, the invention calculates the mole fraction and thermodynamic parameter of each component of air by acquiring the environmental parameter and the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration, converts the mole fraction and thermodynamic parameter into the hydrogen sulfide concentration in water, and rapidly and effectively monitors the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration above the water body and the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the water body in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an on-line monitoring method for the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides an on-line monitoring method for the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the concentration, absolute humidity, temperature and pressure of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air in a monitoring area; converting the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air into mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in the air, calculating mole fraction of water vapor in the air according to absolute humidity, and calculating mole fraction of nitrogen and oxygen in the air according to mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide and water vapor in the air; respectively calculating equilibrium constants of water vapor, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen and nitrogen under the current temperature and the current pressure; synthesizing balance constants and mole fractions of the four gases, and calculating an intermediate coefficient based on a flash evaporation model; calculating the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water according to the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in air, the equilibrium constant of hydrogen sulfide and the intermediate coefficient; the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in the water is converted to the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the water.
The invention obtains the concentration, absolute humidity, temperature and pressure of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air in the monitoring area through the sampling module arranged above the measured water body in the limited space (such as a pipeline) of the monitoring area, and the working environment meets the requirement of gas-liquid balance, namely the loss of hydrogen sulfide in two phases of gas and liquid is equal under certain temperature and pressure, and the process of separating out the water phase and dissolving the hydrogen sulfide in the water phase is dynamically balanced.
The sampling module comprises: hydrogen sulfide gas monitoring probe, pressure sensor, temperature sensor and hygrometer. The hydrogen sulfide gas monitoring probe is used for measuring the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide gas above the water body to be measured in an equilibrium state. The pressure sensor is used for acquiring environmental pressure data. The temperature sensor is used for acquiring environmental temperature data. The hygrometer is used for acquiring the absolute humidity of the environment. And converting the collected physical signals into analog signals for subsequent calculation.
Preferably, the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide gas in the air is converted into a mole fraction of the hydrogen sulfide in the air, the mole fraction of the water vapor in the air is calculated according to the absolute humidity, and the mole fractions of the nitrogen and the oxygen in the air are calculated according to the mole fractions of the hydrogen sulfide and the water vapor in the air, specifically:
wherein,the mole fractions of hydrogen sulfide, water vapor, nitrogen and oxygen in the air are respectively shown in the dimension, p is the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air, and the units are ppm (parts per million)>Absolute humidity of air in mg/m 3 。
According to the method, a thermodynamic parameter database is established according to the data of searching relevant literature values and official websites, wherein the thermodynamic parameter database comprises the fugacity coefficient of water at each pressure and temperature, the henry coefficient of each gas and each gas activity.
Preferably, the equilibrium constant of water vapor is calculated as follows:
wherein,is the equilibrium constant of water vapor at the current temperature θ and pressure P, +.>For the current temperature theta and the reference pressure P 0 Equilibrium constant of lower water vapor, +.>At the current pressure P to the reference pressure P 0 The partial molar volume below, R is the gas constant,/->Is the fugacity coefficient of the water vapor at the current temperature and pressure P. P in the present invention 0 The value 1bar @, @>The value of R is 18.1, and the value of R is 8.314J/(mol.K).
Preferably, the equilibrium constants of hydrogen sulfide, oxygen and nitrogen are calculated as follows:
wherein i=h 2 S，N 2 ，O 2 ，K i Is the equilibrium constant, k, of the gas i at the current temperature and pressure P i Is the Henry coefficient, gamma, of gas i at the current temperature and pressure P i For the activity of the gas i at the current temperature and pressure P,is the fugacity coefficient of the gas i at the current temperature and pressure P.
Preferably, the equilibrium constants and mole fractions of the four gases are substituted into the following equation to calculate the intermediate coefficient:
wherein z is i Is the mole fraction of gas i in air, K i The equilibrium constant of gas i at the current temperature and pressure, β being the intermediate coefficient.
According to the invention, through a flash evaporation model calculation program based on thermodynamic equilibrium, newton method/dichotomy is adopted to perform iterative calculation, and an intermediate coefficient is output.
Preferably, the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water is calculated according to the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in air, the equilibrium constant of hydrogen sulfide and the intermediate coefficient, specifically:
wherein,is the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water, +.>Is the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in air, +.>Is the equilibrium constant of hydrogen sulfide at the current temperature and pressure, and beta is the intermediate coefficient.
Preferably, the conversion of the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water to the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water is specifically:
wherein,is the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water, +.>Is the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water in ppm.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and if the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the water reaches an alarm value, performing audible and visual alarm.
The invention also has the visual function, outputs the numbers of temperature, pressure, concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas, concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water and the like, and realizes the function of on-line monitoring of the concentration of hydrogen sulfide.
The alarm preset threshold value changes along with temperature and pressure oscillation. And if the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the water exceeds a threshold value, performing audible and visual alarm.
Preferably, the method further comprises: synchronizing the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water and the alarm state to an external early warning prediction platform.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An on-line monitoring method for the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the concentration, absolute humidity, temperature and pressure of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air in a monitoring area;
converting the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air into mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in the air, calculating mole fraction of water vapor in the air according to absolute humidity, and calculating mole fraction of nitrogen and oxygen in the air according to mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide and water vapor in the air;
respectively calculating equilibrium constants of water vapor, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen and nitrogen under the current temperature and the current pressure;
synthesizing balance constants and mole fractions of the four gases, and calculating an intermediate coefficient based on a flash evaporation model;
calculating the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water according to the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in air, the equilibrium constant of hydrogen sulfide and the intermediate coefficient;
the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in the water is converted to the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the water.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air is converted into a mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in the air, the mole fraction of water vapor in the air is calculated according to the absolute humidity, and the mole fractions of nitrogen and oxygen in the air are calculated according to the mole fractions of hydrogen sulfide and water vapor in the air, specifically:
wherein,the mole fractions of hydrogen sulfide, water vapor, nitrogen and oxygen in the air are respectively shown in the dimension, p is the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the air, and the unit is ppm, < >>Absolute humidity of air in mg/m 3 。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the equilibrium constant of water vapor is calculated as follows:
wherein,is the equilibrium constant of water vapor at the current temperature θ and pressure P, +.>For the current temperature theta and the reference pressure P 0 Equilibrium constant of lower water vapor, +.>At the current pressure P to the reference pressure P 0 The partial molar volume below, R is the gas constant,/->Is the fugacity coefficient of the water vapor at the current temperature and pressure P.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the equilibrium constants of hydrogen sulfide, oxygen and nitrogen are calculated as follows:
wherein i=h 2 S,N 2 ,O 2 ，K i Is the equilibrium constant, k, of the gas i at the current temperature and pressure P i Is the Henry coefficient, gamma, of gas i at the current temperature and pressure P i For the activity of the gas i at the current temperature and pressure P,is the fugacity coefficient of the gas i at the current temperature and pressure P.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the equilibrium constants and mole fractions of the four gases are substituted into the following equation to calculate the intermediate coefficients:
wherein z is i Is the mole fraction of gas i in air, K i The equilibrium constant of gas i at the current temperature and pressure, β being the intermediate coefficient.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water is calculated according to the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in air, the equilibrium constant of hydrogen sulfide and the intermediate coefficient, specifically:
wherein,is the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water, +.>Is the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in air, +.>Is the equilibrium constant of hydrogen sulfide at the current temperature and pressure, and beta is the intermediate coefficient.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the conversion of the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water to the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water is performed by:
wherein,is the mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide in water, +.>Is the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water in ppm.
8. The method of any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:
and if the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the water reaches an alarm value, performing audible and visual alarm.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises:
synchronizing the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water and the alarm state to an external early warning prediction platform.
10. An on-line monitoring system for the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water, comprising: a processor and a memory;
the memory is used for storing computer execution instructions;
the processor configured to execute the computer-executable instructions such that the method of any one of claims 1 to 9 is performed.
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| CN102041994A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-05-04 | 上海科油石油仪器制造有限公司 | Hydrogen sulfide early-warning measuring method |
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| CN114781287A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-07-22 | 武汉恒信楚才科技有限公司 | Method and system for calculating natural gas-water-rock interaction under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions |
| CN114818527A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-29 | 中国石油大学(华东) | CO calculation based on two-phase flash evaporation theory 2 Method for determining viscosity of crude oil system |
-
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- 2023-08-29 CN CN202311101714.7A patent/CN117074635B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102041994A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-05-04 | 上海科油石油仪器制造有限公司 | Hydrogen sulfide early-warning measuring method |
| CN109029847A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2018-12-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Gas leakage monitoring system, FLNG system and its gas leakage monitoring method |
| CN113221485A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-06 | 武汉恒信楚才科技有限公司 | Water-gas-oil three-phase balance calculation method and device under high-temperature and overpressure conditions |
| CN114818527A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-29 | 中国石油大学(华东) | CO calculation based on two-phase flash evaporation theory 2 Method for determining viscosity of crude oil system |
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