CN117073267A - Vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system and working method - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system and working method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117073267A
CN117073267A CN202310811364.7A CN202310811364A CN117073267A CN 117073267 A CN117073267 A CN 117073267A CN 202310811364 A CN202310811364 A CN 202310811364A CN 117073267 A CN117073267 A CN 117073267A
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China
Prior art keywords
way valve
cooling liquid
evaporator
channel
heat dissipation
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CN202310811364.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李强强
孙晓霞
沈丽丽
刘朔
李玉刚
吝敏
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China North Vehicle Research Institute
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China North Vehicle Research Institute
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Priority to CN202310811364.7A priority Critical patent/CN117073267A/en
Publication of CN117073267A publication Critical patent/CN117073267A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3202—Cooling devices using evaporation, i.e. not including a compressor, e.g. involving fuel or water evaporation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/26—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves of fluid flow reversing valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H13/00—Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
    • F41H13/0043—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target
    • F41H13/005—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target the high-energy beam being a laser beam
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management, and particularly relates to a vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system and a working method thereof. The system comprises a low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit, a weapon heat dissipation circulation unit and a vapor compression refrigeration circulation unit; the system takes the phase-change heat storage material as an intermediate heat storage device, takes the power battery as a part of power source, uses the evaporator to circularly dissipate heat for the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit, realizes high-efficiency heat dissipation management on the laser weapon and the energy supply power supply in the vehicle-mounted small space through the phase-change heat storage device and the evaporator combined heat control scheme, and is beneficial to pushing and realizing the application of the laser weapon in the field of vehicles.

Description

Vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system and working method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management, and particularly relates to a vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system and a working method thereof.
Background
Laser weapons are important in war and can be classified into airborne, shipboard and vehicular laser weapons according to the type of carrying platform. Research on vehicle-mounted laser weapons has been an important field that cannot be ignored. The electro-optical energy conversion efficiency of the laser weapon is less than 35%, and a laser beam of tens of kilowatts is generated, which requires a huge energy supply device and a high-power heat dissipation system.
Some patents already propose a cooling system of a laser equal-energy weapon, for example, patent application CN201510072716.7 proposes a cooling system of an airborne heating element based on air expansion refrigeration, but the cooling system aims at the airborne laser weapon and ram air can be used as a cold source; patent application CN201810855063.3 proposes an onboard spray cooling system using ram air and evaporative refrigeration cycle cooling water, the cooling system also uses ram air as a cold source and uses phase change materials for cold storage, but the cold storage device has two sets of pipelines on a hot side and a cold side, so that the cold storage device is larger, the heat exchange area is limited to be lifted, and the system is not suitable for vehicles; patent application CN 112822928A proposes an onboard multi-nozzle spray cooling system and method of a multi-cold-source composite phase-change material heat exchanger and an ejector, the cooling system uses ram air as a cold source, uses an eddy refrigerating box as an auxiliary cold source, uses onboard fuel as an emergency cold source, and uses three groups of phase-change materials as intermediate energy storage media to correspond to the three cold sources, but the system is too huge and is not suitable for being used on a vehicle.
Compared with the vehicle-mounted laser weapon, the vehicle-mounted laser weapon is limited by the conditions of volume, power supply, heat dissipation and the like, and has slower development. Because of the low vehicle speed, ram air is difficult to use as a cooling medium, and the instantaneous heat release power of a laser weapon is as high as tens of kilowatts, the laser weapon is suitable for operating at about 25 ℃, and when the ambient temperature is high (e.g., 40-45 ℃), huge heat dissipation difficulties are faced. In addition, weapon systems are powered using a combination of generator and power cells, and power cell thermal management needs to be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the characteristics of limited space, high working environment temperature and lack of cold source of the vehicle-mounted laser weapon, the invention provides a thermal management system and a working method of the vehicle-mounted laser weapon; the system uses the phase-change heat storage material as an intermediate heat storage device, uses the power battery as a part of power source, uses vapor compression refrigeration and environmental heat exchange as system heat dissipation, and is beneficial to pushing and realizing the application of the laser weapon in the field of vehicles.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system comprises a low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit and a weapon heat dissipation circulation unit;
the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit is a closed liquid loop formed by sequentially connecting a cooling liquid channel in the controller, a cooling liquid channel in the hub motor, a water pump B and a radiator through pipelines; a three-way valve C is arranged on a pipeline between the water pump B and the radiator, and a three-way valve D is arranged on a pipeline between the radiator and the controller;
the weapon heat dissipation circulation unit is a closed liquid loop formed by sequentially connecting a micro-channel radiator, a cooling liquid channel in a power battery, a phase change heat reservoir, a cooling liquid channel in an evaporator and a water pump A through pipelines; the cooling liquid channel inside the evaporator is also connected with the water tank through a pipeline; a three-way valve A is arranged on a pipeline between the microchannel radiator and the power battery; a three-way valve B and a four-way valve A are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the phase change heat reservoir and the evaporator; a four-way valve B is arranged on a pipeline between the evaporator and the microchannel radiator;
the cooling liquid in the radiator and the evaporator exchange heat with the outside air;
the third port of the three-way valve C is connected with the third port of the four-way valve A; the third port of the three-way valve A is connected with the fourth port of the four-way valve A; the third port of the three-way valve B is connected with the third port of the four-way valve B; the third port of the three-way valve D is connected with the fourth port of the four-way valve B.
Further, the vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system further comprises a vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit; a refrigerant channel is further arranged in the evaporator, and the cooling liquid in the evaporator replaces outside air to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the refrigerant channel;
the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit is a closed loop formed by sequentially connecting a refrigerant channel in the evaporator, a compressor and an air-cooled condenser through pipelines, and an expansion valve is arranged on a pipeline between the air-cooled condenser and the refrigerant channel in the evaporator;
the vapor compression refrigeration unit replaces external air and exchanges heat with cooling liquid in a cooling liquid channel in the evaporator; the air-cooled radiator is characterized in that an induced air fan is integrally arranged outside the radiator, the air-cooled condenser is arranged at an air port at the upstream of the radiator, and under the action of the induced air fan, external natural wind firstly passes through the air-cooled condenser and then passes through the radiator, so that the air flow heat dissipation is realized.
Furthermore, two ends of the cooling liquid channel in the power battery are connected in parallel with flow regulating bypass valves.
Further, the phase change heat reservoir is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, a heat exchange coil and a plurality of fins are arranged in the phase change heat reservoir, and cooling liquid flows in the heat exchange coil; the fins pass through the heat exchange coil and are arranged perpendicular to the direction of the heat exchange coil; the cooling liquid flows in from the liquid inlet, the outflow of the liquid outlet is forward flow, the cooling liquid flows in from the liquid outlet, and the outflow of the liquid inlet is reverse flow; the phase change heat storage material is filled in the gaps among the fins in the phase change heat storage, between the fins and the heat exchange coil, and between the fins, the heat exchange coil and the inner wall of the phase change heat storage.
Further, the phase-change heat storage material is a substance or a mixture of paraffinic hydrocarbon; the cooling liquid is an aqueous solution added with an antifreezing solution; the refrigerant in the refrigerant channel is R22, R134 or R134a.
The invention discloses a working method of a vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system, which comprises the following steps:
when the laser weapon is in a silence stage, the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit operates; at this time, the four-way valve A, the three-way valve C, the three-way valve D and the four-way valve B are in an open state; the flow regulating bypass valve, the three-way valve A, the expansion valve and the three-way valve B are in a closed state; under the action of a water pump A and a water pump B, the cooling liquid in the water tank is divided into two branches through a three-way valve C, the cooling liquid of the first branch flows out from the four-way valve A, is cooled through a cooling liquid channel of the evaporator, and then sequentially flows through the water pump A and the four-way valve B to reach a three-way valve D; the second branch cooling liquid flows through the radiator for cooling, is converged with the first branch cooling liquid at the three-way valve D, and then sequentially flows through the cooling controller and the cooling liquid channel inside the hub motor to circularly dissipate heat of the chassis of the vehicle;
when the laser weapon is in the firing stage, the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit and the weapon heat dissipation circulation unit respectively and independently operate: at this time, the three-way valve A, the three-way valve B, the four-way valve A, the three-way valve C, the three-way valve D and the four-way valve B are in an open state; the flow regulating bypass valve and the expansion valve are in a closed state; under the action of the water pump A, the cooling liquid in the water tank sequentially passes through the water pump A and the four-way valve B from one end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator, and is externally integrated with a micro-channel radiator provided with a laser weapon, the three-way valve A, the cooling liquid channel in the power battery, a liquid inlet of the phase change heat reservoir, a liquid outlet of the phase change heat reservoir, the three-way valve B and the four-way valve A, and returns to the other end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8; at the moment, the cooling liquid positively flows in the refrigerating coil inside the phase-change heat reservoir; in the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit, under the action of a water pump A and a water pump B, cooling liquid in a water tank circularly dissipates heat to a vehicle chassis through a three-way valve C, a radiator, a cooling liquid channel in a controller and a cooling liquid channel in a hub motor;
when the laser weapon is in the energy charging stage, the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit operates: at this time, the three-way valve A, the three-way valve B, the four-way valve A, the three-way valve C, the three-way valve D and the four-way valve B are in an open state; the flow regulating bypass valve 3 and the expansion valve 15 are in a closed state; the water pump A and the water pump B are opened, and the cooling liquid in the water tank sequentially passes through the water pump A, the four-way valve B, the three-way valve B, the liquid outlet of the phase change heat reservoir, the liquid inlet of the phase change heat reservoir, the cooling liquid channel arranged in the power battery, the three-way valve A and the four-way valve A from one end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator to return to the other end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator, so that the power battery in a charging state can be subjected to circulating heat dissipation; at this time, the cooling liquid reversely flows in the phase change heat reservoir; the cooling liquid sequentially passes through a first water pump, a second four-way valve, a second three-way valve, a liquid outlet of the phase change heat reservoir, a liquid inlet of the phase change heat reservoir, a cooling liquid channel in the power battery, the first three-way valve and the first four-way valve from one end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator, and returns to the other end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator for circulating heat dissipation; at this time, the cooling liquid reversely flows in the phase change heat reservoir; in the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit, cooling liquid in a water tank carries out circulation heat dissipation on a vehicle chassis through a three-way valve C, a radiator, a cooling liquid channel in a controller and a cooling liquid channel in a hub motor under the action of a water pump A and a water pump B.
Further, during the silence phase, the emission phase and the energy charging phase of the laser weapon, the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit can be simultaneously connected to assist the low-temperature heat dissipation cycle unit to dissipate heat of the vehicle chassis;
in the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit, the refrigerant in the refrigerant channel inside the evaporator returns to the refrigerant channel of the evaporator through the compressor, the air-cooled condenser and the expansion valve to cool the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator.
Advantageous effects
(1) The invention provides a vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system, which comprises a low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit, a weapon heat dissipation circulation unit and a vapor compression refrigeration circulation unit; the system takes the phase-change heat storage material as an intermediate heat storage device, takes the power battery as a part of power source, uses the evaporator to circularly dissipate heat for the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit, realizes high-efficiency heat dissipation management on the laser weapon and the energy supply power supply in the vehicle-mounted small space through the phase-change heat storage device and the evaporator combined heat control scheme, and is beneficial to pushing and realizing the application of the laser weapon in the field of vehicles.
(2) The invention provides a vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system, which is further provided with a vapor compression refrigeration unit, wherein the vapor compression refrigeration environment is air-cooled, and the vapor compression refrigeration and the external environment of an evaporator are used for heat exchange to assist the system in heat dissipation circulation; the phase change heat storage device is provided with only one set of pipeline, and can realize forward and reverse operation.
(3) The invention provides a vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system, wherein two ends of a power battery are connected in parallel with flow bypass valves; when the temperature of the power battery is low, the flow rate adjusting bypass valve is opened to adjust the flow rate of the cooling liquid flowing through the cooling liquid channel inside the power battery so as to control the temperature of the power battery to be maintained at the set temperature.
(4) The invention provides a working method of a vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system, wherein the thermal management system provides working modes in different stages (silence, emission and energy charging) when a laser weapon intermittently works according to energy grade difference, and a low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit operates to assist a chassis of an automobile to dissipate heat at low temperature in the silence stage; in the transmitting stage, the weapon heat dissipation circulation unit and the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit respectively and independently operate, and the combination work is used for efficiently dissipating heat of the automobile chassis and the laser weapon; in the energy charging stage, the cooling liquid reversely flows in the phase-change heat reservoir, the phase-change heat storage material in the phase-change heat reservoir absorbs heat to perform heat management, and meanwhile, the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit operates to assist the automobile chassis to dissipate heat at low temperature; in addition, the vapor compression refrigeration units can be connected into the evaporator to work in a combined mode at the same time in the three stages, heat exchange is carried out with the external environment of the evaporator, cooling liquid is cooled, and therefore the system is cooled and radiated, and efficient energy-saving heat management is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a laser weapon operating state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the operation of the thermal management system of the vehicle-mounted laser weapon of the present invention when the laser weapon is silent;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the operation of the thermal management system of the vehicle-mounted laser weapon of the present invention during firing of the laser weapon;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the operation of the thermal management system of the vehicle-mounted laser weapon of the present invention when the laser weapon is charged;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a phase change heat reservoir;
the device comprises a 1-laser weapon, a 2-microchannel radiator, a 3-flow regulating bypass valve, a 4-three-way valve A, a 5-power battery, a 6-phase change heat accumulator, a 7-three-way valve B, an 8-evaporator, a 9-four-way valve A, a 10-compressor, an 11-air-cooled condenser, a 12-three-way valve C, a 13-radiator, a 14-induced air fan, a 15-expansion valve, a 16-water pump A, a 17-three-way valve D, a 18-four-way valve B, a 19-controller, a 20-hub motor, a 21-water pump B, a 22-water tank, a 6.1-liquid inlet, a 6.2-liquid outlet, a 6.3-heat exchange coil and a solid arrow, wherein the solid arrow is the flowing direction of cooling liquid, and the dotted arrow is the flowing direction of refrigerant.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system, which is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit, a weapon heat dissipation circulation unit and a vapor compression refrigeration circulation unit;
the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit comprises a controller 19, a hub motor 20, a water pump B21 and a radiator 13; wherein, the controller 19 and the hub motor 20 are provided with cooling liquid channels; an induced air fan 14 is integrally arranged outside the radiator 13;
the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit is a closed liquid loop formed by sequentially connecting a cooling liquid channel in the controller 19, a cooling liquid channel in the hub motor 20, a water pump B21 and the radiator 13 through pipelines; a three-way valve C12 is arranged on a pipeline between the water pump B21 and the radiator 13 (a first port of the three-way valve C12 is connected with the water pump B21, a second port of the three-way valve C12 is connected with one end of the radiator 13), and a three-way valve D17 is arranged on a pipeline between the radiator 13 and a cooling liquid channel in the controller 19 (a first port of the three-way valve D17 is connected with the other end of the radiator 13, and a second port of the three-way valve D17 is connected with the cooling liquid channel in the controller 19);
the weapon heat dissipation circulation unit comprises a laser weapon 1, a micro-channel radiator 2, a power battery 5, a phase change heat reservoir 6, a cooling liquid channel in an evaporator 8 and a water pump A16; wherein, the laser weapon 1 is integrally arranged outside the micro-channel radiator 2; a cooling liquid channel is arranged in the power battery 5; the evaporator 8 is internally provided with an independent cooling liquid channel and a refrigerant channel; the structure of the phase change heat reservoir 6 is shown in fig. 6, the phase change heat reservoir 6 is provided with a liquid inlet 6.1 and a liquid outlet 6.2, a heat exchange coil 6.3 and a plurality of fins (not shown in the figure) are arranged in the phase change heat reservoir 6, and cooling liquid flows in the heat exchange coil 6.3; the heat exchange coil 6.3 passes through the fins, and the fins are arranged perpendicular to the direction of the heat exchange coil, so that the heat exchange area is increased; the cooling liquid flows in from the liquid inlet 6.1, the outflow of the liquid outlet 6.2 is forward flow, the cooling liquid flows in from the liquid outlet 6.2, and the outflow of the liquid inlet 6.1 is reverse flow; phase change heat storage materials are filled in gaps among fins inside the phase change heat reservoir 6, between the fins and the heat exchange coil 6.3 and between the fins, the heat exchange coil 6.3 and the inner wall of the phase change heat reservoir 6;
the weapon heat dissipation circulation unit is a closed liquid loop formed by sequentially connecting a micro-channel radiator 2, a cooling liquid channel in a power battery 5, a phase change heat reservoir 6, a cooling liquid channel in an evaporator 8 and a water pump A16 through pipelines; a three-way valve A4 is arranged on a pipeline between the micro-channel radiator 2 and the power battery 5, (a first port of the three-way valve A4 is connected with one end of the micro-channel radiator 2, and a second port of the three-way valve A4 is connected with a cooling liquid channel inside the power battery 5); a three-way valve B7 and a four-way valve A9 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the phase change heat reservoir 6 and a cooling liquid channel in the evaporator 8, (a first port of the three-way valve B7 is connected with an outlet of the phase change heat reservoir 6, a second port of the three-way valve B7 is connected with a first port of the four-way valve A9, and a second port of the four-way valve A9 is connected with one end of the cooling liquid channel in the evaporator 8); a four-way valve B18 is arranged on a pipeline between a cooling liquid channel in the evaporator 8 and the micro-channel radiator 2, (a first port of the four-way valve B18 is connected with a water pump A16, and a second port of the four-way valve B18 is connected with the other end of the micro-channel radiator 2); the cooling liquid channel inside the evaporator 8 is also connected with the water tank 22 through a pipeline; the two ends of the power battery 5 are connected in parallel with a flow regulating bypass valve 3;
the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit comprises a compressor 10, an air-cooled condenser 11 and a refrigerant channel inside the evaporator 8; an expansion valve 15 is installed on a pipeline between the air-cooled condenser 11 and a refrigerant channel inside the evaporator 8; the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit is a closed loop formed by sequentially connecting a refrigerant channel in the evaporator 8, the compressor 10 and the air-cooled condenser 11 through pipelines;
the third port of the three-way valve A4 is connected with the fourth port of the four-way valve A9; the third port of the three-way valve B7 is connected with the third port of the four-way valve B18; the third port of the three-way valve C12 is connected with the third port of the four-way valve A9; the third port of the three-way valve D17 is connected with the fourth port of the four-way valve B18;
when the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit is not started, the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid channel in the evaporator 8 and the radiator 13 exchange heat with the outside air; when the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit is started, the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit replaces external air, exchanges heat with cooling liquid in a cooling liquid channel in the evaporator 8, and cools the cooling liquid; the air-cooled condenser 11 is arranged at an air port at the upstream of the radiator 13, and external natural wind firstly passes through the air-cooled condenser 11 and then passes through the radiator 13 under the action of the induced air fan 14, so that gas flow heat dissipation is realized, and the refrigerant in the air-cooled condenser 11 is cooled; the cooling liquid is an aqueous solution added with an antifreezing solution, such as an ethylene glycol aqueous solution; the refrigerant in the refrigerant channel is R22, R134 or R134a.
As shown in fig. 2, the laser weapon 1 operates in three phases: at 0-t 0 The time is a silence period, and the laser weapon is silent and idle in the silence period; at t 0 -t 1 The time is a transmitting stage, and the laser weapon transmits laser in the transmitting stage; at t 1 -t 2 The time is a charging stage, and the power battery 5 is charged and dissipates heat in the charging stage; the transmitting phase and the charging phase form a transmitting period, and the next transmitting period is entered after the charging phase is finished.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a working method of the vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system in the silence stage, as shown in fig. 3, when the laser weapon 1 is silence, the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit operates to dissipate heat of the vehicle chassis;
at this time, the four-way valve A9, the three-way valve C12, the three-way valve D17 and the four-way valve B18 are in an open state; the flow regulating bypass valve 3, the three-way valve A4, the expansion valve 15 and the three-way valve B7 are in a closed state;
the cooling liquid in the water tank 22 is divided into two branches through the three-way valve C12 under the action of the water pump A and the water pump B, the cooling liquid of the first branch flows out from the four-way valve A9, is cooled through a cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8, and then sequentially flows through the water pump A16 and the four-way valve B18 to reach the three-way valve D17; the second branch cooling liquid flows through the radiator 13 for cooling, is converged with the first branch cooling liquid at the three-way valve D17, and then sequentially flows through the cooling liquid channel inside the cooling controller 19 and the cooling liquid channel inside the hub motor 20 to circularly dissipate heat of the chassis of the vehicle;
during the silence period, the vehicle chassis can be simultaneously connected with a vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit to assist the low-temperature heat dissipation cycle unit to dissipate heat; in the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit, the expansion valve 15 is opened, and the refrigerant in the refrigerant passage inside the evaporator 8 is returned to the refrigerant passage inside the evaporator 8 via the compressor 10, the air-cooled condenser 11, and the expansion valve 15, thereby cooling the coolant in the coolant passage of the evaporator 8.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a working method of the vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system in the transmitting stage, as shown in fig. 4, when the laser weapon 1 is transmitted, the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit and the weapon heat dissipation circulation unit respectively and independently operate to dissipate heat;
at this time, the three-way valve A4, the three-way valve B7, the four-way valve A9, the three-way valve C12, the three-way valve D17 and the four-way valve B18 are in an open state; the flow regulating bypass valve 3 and the expansion valve 15 are in a closed state;
under the action of the water pump A16, the cooling liquid in the water tank 22 sequentially passes through the water pump A16 and the four-way valve B18 from one end of a cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8, and is externally integrated with the micro-channel radiator 2 of the laser weapon 1, the three-way valve A4, the cooling liquid channel inside the power battery 5, the liquid inlet 6.1 of the phase change heat reservoir 6, the heat exchange coil 6.3, the liquid outlet 6.2 of the phase change heat reservoir 6, the three-way valve B7 and the four-way valve A9, and returns to the other end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8; at this time, the cooling liquid positively flows in the refrigerating coil 6.3 inside the phase change heat reservoir 6;
the power battery 5 provides partial electric energy for the laser weapon 1, the temperature of the power battery 5 is limited to 10-40 ℃, when the temperature of the power battery 5 is lower, the flow regulating bypass valve 3 is opened, and the flow of cooling liquid flowing through a cooling liquid channel inside the power battery 5 is regulated so as to control the temperature of the power battery 5 to be maintained at 10-40 ℃;
in the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit, the cooling liquid in the water tank 22 carries out circulation heat dissipation on the vehicle chassis through the three-way valve C12, the radiator 13, a cooling liquid channel in the controller 19 and a cooling liquid channel in the hub motor 20 under the action of the water pump A16 and the water pump B21;
in the transmitting stage, the auxiliary heat dissipation of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit can be connected at the same time; in the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit, an expansion valve 15 is opened, and the refrigerant in a refrigerant channel inside an evaporator 8 returns to the refrigerant channel of the evaporator 8 through a compressor 10, an air-cooled condenser 11 and the expansion valve 15 to cool down the cooling liquid in a cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8;
in the embodiment, the temperature of the cooling liquid when flowing out from one end of the evaporator 8 is 5-10 ℃, and the temperature is increased to 15-20 ℃ when flowing out from the micro-channel radiator 2; the temperature of the coolant flowing through the power battery 5 is increased to 30-35 ℃; the phase-change heat storage material in the phase-change heat storage device 6 is a substance or a mixture of paraffin, the phase-change temperature is 14-16 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 17-20 ℃ after the cooling liquid flows through the phase-change heat storage material, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced to 5-10 ℃ under the action of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit after the cooling liquid returns to the other end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a working method of the vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system in the charging stage, as shown in fig. 5, when the laser weapon 1 is charged, the power battery 5 needs to dissipate heat when charged, and the phase-change heat storage material in the phase-change heat reservoir 6 also needs to release heat; the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit operates to dissipate heat of the vehicle chassis and the charged laser weapon;
at this time, the three-way valve A4, the three-way valve B7, the four-way valve A9, the three-way valve C12, the three-way valve D17 and the four-way valve B18 are in an open state; the flow regulating bypass valve 3 and the expansion valve 15 are in a closed state;
the water pump A16 and the water pump B21 are opened, and the cooling liquid in the water tank 22 returns to the other end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8 from one end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8 sequentially through the water pump A16, the four-way valve B18, the three-way valve B7, the liquid outlet 6.2 of the phase change heat accumulator 6, the heat exchange coil 6.3 and the liquid inlet 6.1, and the cooling liquid channel, the three-way valve A4 and the four-way valve A9 arranged in the power battery 5 to circularly dissipate heat of the power battery 5 in a charging state; the cooling liquid flows reversely in the phase change heat reservoir 6 at this time;
in the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit, the cooling liquid in the water tank 22 carries out circulation heat dissipation on the vehicle chassis through the three-way valve C12, the radiator 13, a cooling liquid channel in the controller 19 and a cooling liquid channel in the hub motor 20 under the action of the water pump A16 and the water pump B21;
in the energy charging stage, a vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit can be connected at the same time to assist in heat dissipation; in the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit, the expansion valve 15 is opened, and the refrigerant in the refrigerant channel inside the evaporator 8 returns to the refrigerant channel of the evaporator 8 through the compressor 10, the air-cooled condenser 11 and the expansion valve 15 to cool the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8;
in the embodiment, the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of one end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8 is 5-10 ℃, the temperature is firstly increased to 13-14 ℃ through the heat absorption of the phase change heat storage material in the phase change heat storage device 6, and then is increased to 25-30 ℃ through the heat absorption of the power battery 5; after returning to the other end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8, the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced to 5-10 ℃ under the action of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system, characterized in that: comprises a low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit and a weapon heat dissipation circulation unit;
the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit is a closed liquid loop formed by sequentially connecting a cooling liquid channel in the controller, a cooling liquid channel in the hub motor, a water pump B and a radiator through pipelines; a three-way valve C is arranged on a pipeline between the water pump B and the radiator, and a three-way valve D is arranged on a pipeline between the radiator and the controller;
the weapon heat dissipation circulation unit is a closed liquid loop formed by sequentially connecting a micro-channel radiator, a cooling liquid channel in a power battery, a phase change heat reservoir, a cooling liquid channel in an evaporator and a water pump A through pipelines; the cooling liquid channel inside the evaporator is also connected with the water tank through a pipeline; a three-way valve A is arranged on a pipeline between the microchannel radiator and the power battery; a three-way valve B and a four-way valve A are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the phase change heat reservoir and the evaporator; a four-way valve B is arranged on a pipeline between the evaporator and the microchannel radiator;
the cooling liquid in the radiator and the evaporator exchange heat with the outside air;
the third port of the three-way valve C is connected with the third port of the four-way valve A; the third port of the three-way valve A is connected with the fourth port of the four-way valve A; the third port of the three-way valve B is connected with the third port of the four-way valve B; the third port of the three-way valve D is connected with the fourth port of the four-way valve B.
2. A vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the system also comprises a vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit; a refrigerant channel is further arranged in the evaporator, and the cooling liquid in the evaporator replaces outside air to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the refrigerant channel;
the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit is a closed loop formed by sequentially connecting a refrigerant channel in the evaporator, a compressor and an air-cooled condenser through pipelines, and an expansion valve is arranged on a pipeline between the air-cooled condenser and the refrigerant channel in the evaporator;
the vapor compression refrigeration unit replaces external air and exchanges heat with cooling liquid in a cooling liquid channel in the evaporator; the air-cooled radiator is characterized in that an induced air fan is integrally arranged outside the radiator, the air-cooled condenser is arranged at an air port at the upstream of the radiator, and under the action of the induced air fan, external natural wind firstly passes through the air-cooled condenser and then passes through the radiator, so that the air flow heat dissipation is realized.
3. A vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and two ends of the cooling liquid channel in the power battery are connected in parallel with flow regulating bypass valves.
4. A vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the phase change heat reservoir is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, a heat exchange coil and a plurality of fins are arranged in the phase change heat reservoir, and cooling liquid flows in the heat exchange coil; the fins pass through the heat exchange coil and are arranged perpendicular to the direction of the heat exchange coil; the cooling liquid flows in from the liquid inlet, the outflow of the liquid outlet is forward flow, the cooling liquid flows in from the liquid outlet, and the outflow of the liquid inlet is reverse flow; the phase change heat storage material is filled in the gaps among the fins in the phase change heat storage, between the fins and the heat exchange coil, and between the fins, the heat exchange coil and the inner wall of the phase change heat storage.
5. A vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system according to claim 4, wherein: the phase-change heat storage material is a substance or a mixture of paraffinic hydrocarbon; the cooling liquid is an aqueous solution added with an antifreezing solution; the refrigerant in the refrigerant channel is R22, R134 or R134a.
6. A method of operating the on-board laser weapon thermal management system of claim 4 or 5, wherein:
when the laser weapon is in a silence stage, the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit operates; at this time, the four-way valve A, the three-way valve C, the three-way valve D and the four-way valve B are in an open state; the flow regulating bypass valve, the three-way valve A, the expansion valve and the three-way valve B are in a closed state; under the action of a water pump A and a water pump B, the cooling liquid in the water tank is divided into two branches through a three-way valve C, the cooling liquid of the first branch flows out from the four-way valve A, is cooled through a cooling liquid channel of the evaporator, and then sequentially flows through the water pump A and the four-way valve B to reach a three-way valve D; the second branch cooling liquid flows through the radiator for cooling, is converged with the first branch cooling liquid at the three-way valve D, and then sequentially flows through the cooling controller and the cooling liquid channel inside the hub motor to circularly dissipate heat of the chassis of the vehicle;
when the laser weapon is in the firing stage, the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit and the weapon heat dissipation circulation unit respectively and independently operate: at this time, the three-way valve A, the three-way valve B, the four-way valve A, the three-way valve C, the three-way valve D and the four-way valve B are in an open state; the flow regulating bypass valve and the expansion valve are in a closed state; under the action of the water pump A, the cooling liquid in the water tank sequentially passes through the water pump A and the four-way valve B from one end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator, and is externally integrated with a micro-channel radiator provided with a laser weapon, the three-way valve A, the cooling liquid channel in the power battery, a liquid inlet of the phase change heat reservoir, a liquid outlet of the phase change heat reservoir, the three-way valve B and the four-way valve A, and returns to the other end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator 8; at the moment, the cooling liquid positively flows in the refrigerating coil inside the phase-change heat reservoir; in the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit, under the action of a water pump A and a water pump B, cooling liquid in a water tank circularly dissipates heat to a vehicle chassis through a three-way valve C, a radiator, a cooling liquid channel in a controller and a cooling liquid channel in a hub motor;
when the laser weapon is in the energy charging stage, the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit operates: at this time, the three-way valve A, the three-way valve B, the four-way valve A, the three-way valve C, the three-way valve D and the four-way valve B are in an open state; the flow regulating bypass valve 3 and the expansion valve 15 are in a closed state; the water pump A and the water pump B are opened, and the cooling liquid in the water tank sequentially passes through the water pump A, the four-way valve B, the three-way valve B, the liquid outlet of the phase change heat reservoir, the liquid inlet of the phase change heat reservoir, the cooling liquid channel arranged in the power battery, the three-way valve A and the four-way valve A from one end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator to return to the other end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator, so that the power battery in a charging state can be subjected to circulating heat dissipation; at this time, the cooling liquid reversely flows in the phase change heat reservoir; the cooling liquid sequentially passes through a first water pump, a second four-way valve, a second three-way valve, a liquid outlet of the phase change heat reservoir, a liquid inlet of the phase change heat reservoir, a cooling liquid channel in the power battery, the first three-way valve and the first four-way valve from one end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator, and returns to the other end of the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator for circulating heat dissipation; at this time, the cooling liquid reversely flows in the phase change heat reservoir; in the low-temperature heat dissipation circulation unit, cooling liquid in a water tank carries out circulation heat dissipation on a vehicle chassis through a three-way valve C, a radiator, a cooling liquid channel in a controller and a cooling liquid channel in a hub motor under the action of a water pump A and a water pump B.
7. The method of operating a vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system of claim 6, wherein: during the silence phase, the emission phase and the energy charging phase of the laser weapon, the laser weapon can be simultaneously connected with a vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit to assist the low-temperature heat dissipation cycle unit to dissipate heat of a vehicle chassis;
in the vapor compression refrigeration cycle unit, the refrigerant in the refrigerant channel inside the evaporator returns to the refrigerant channel of the evaporator through the compressor, the air-cooled condenser and the expansion valve to cool the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid channel of the evaporator.
CN202310811364.7A 2023-07-04 2023-07-04 Vehicle-mounted laser weapon thermal management system and working method Pending CN117073267A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117790987A (en) * 2024-02-27 2024-03-29 深圳市首航新能源股份有限公司 Energy storage thermal management system and control method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117790987A (en) * 2024-02-27 2024-03-29 深圳市首航新能源股份有限公司 Energy storage thermal management system and control method thereof
CN117790987B (en) * 2024-02-27 2024-05-28 深圳市首航新能源股份有限公司 Energy storage thermal management system and control method thereof

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