CN117071680A - Desilting and silt-preventing equipment and method for rural river - Google Patents
Desilting and silt-preventing equipment and method for rural river Download PDFInfo
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- CN117071680A CN117071680A CN202311337459.6A CN202311337459A CN117071680A CN 117071680 A CN117071680 A CN 117071680A CN 202311337459 A CN202311337459 A CN 202311337459A CN 117071680 A CN117071680 A CN 117071680A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/28—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for cleaning watercourses or other ways
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
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Abstract
The invention discloses dredging and anti-dredging equipment and method for rural river channels, which belong to the technical field of river channel dredging and comprise the following steps: the working system is used for dredging and preventing siltation; the working system comprises: an underwater portion comprising: the rubber lining water bands with the holes are connected to form a pipe network; a water section for inputting air into the underwater section; a connection part for connecting the above-water part and the underwater part; and the control system is used for controlling the working system. According to the dredging and anti-dredging equipment and method for the rural river, the rubber lining water band is adopted in the underwater part, and when dredging and anti-dredging work is not started, the rubber lining water band is tightly attached to a river bed and a side slope of the river, so that the river row Hong Duanmian is not narrowed; dredging construction is carried out at any time, and the dredging construction has a dredging prevention effect on a river channel; the sensing module and the decision module for acquiring the data of the sensing module and generating the control command can effectively solve the problems of limited dredging construction technology and dredging time, poor flexibility and higher cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of river dredging, and particularly relates to dredging and silt-preventing equipment and method for rural river channels.
Background
The rural river is an important carrier for irrigation and drainage in rural areas, and has important effects on maintaining agricultural production, living and improving ecological environment; at present, with the continuous perfection of the construction of urban and rural river and lake engineering systems, the comprehensive improvement of rural human-occupied environments is also obviously improved, so as to improve the current state of rural river siltation, improve the ecological and human-occupied environment quality, and cope with the dredging treatment of rural river, the current common rural river dredging construction technology comprises the following steps: (1) The method can drain and dredge sludge, can only be applied to construction in a non-flood season, and can be influenced by weather factors; (2) The underwater dredging is carried out, corresponding construction equipment is needed, and the flexibility is poor; (3) The environmental protection dredging is mainly characterized in that the water quality of the river channel can be improved after dredging operation, and the cost is high; the three modes all need to be periodically dredging, cannot play a role in preventing the dredging of the river channel, and the dredging construction technology and dredging time are limited, the flexibility is poor and the cost is high, so that dredging and dredging equipment and method for rural river channels are required to be developed to solve the existing problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide dredging and anti-dredging equipment and method for rural river channels, and aims to solve the problems of limited dredging time, poor flexibility and high cost of the traditional dredging construction technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a dredging and anti-silting device for rural river channels, comprising:
the working system is used for dredging and preventing siltation; the working system comprises:
an underwater portion comprising: the rubber lining water bands with the holes are connected to form a pipe network;
a water section for inputting air into the underwater section;
a connection part for connecting the above-water part and the underwater part;
the control system is used for controlling the working system;
the control system includes:
the sensing module comprises a turbidity meter for monitoring the river channel in real time and a pressure sensor for measuring the sediment accumulation thickness of the river channel; and a decision module for obtaining the data of the sensing module and generating a control command.
Preferably, the rubber lining water band is paved on a river bed and a side slope of the river, and a weight is arranged at the joint of the side slope and the river bed so as to fix the rubber lining water band.
Preferably, the opening of the rubber lining water band comprises:
a bottom hole which is arranged on the bottom surface of the rubber lining water band and is used for dredging and exhausting;
surface layer holes which are arranged on the surface of the rubber lining water band and used for preventing silting and exhausting.
Preferably, the holes of the bottom layer are arranged at intervals of 25cm, and the aperture is 5mm; the surface layer holes are arranged at intervals of 25cm, and the aperture is 2mm.
Preferably, the atmospheric pressure pulse range of the bottom layer hole during exhaust is 0.8 Mpa-1.2 Mpa;
the atmospheric pressure of the surface layer hole is 0.4Mpa when the surface layer hole is exhausted.
Preferably, the pipe network has a cross-shaped net structure.
Preferably, the turbidity meter is arranged in the middle of the river bottom.
Preferably, the pressure sensors are arranged on the bottom surface of the rubber lining water band at intervals.
The invention also provides a dredging control method for dredging and preventing equipment of rural river channels, which comprises the following steps:
according to the section size of the rural river, when the river sediment accumulation thickness exceeds 0.3m, dredging is needed, and the numerical value of the pressure sensor is calculated by using the formula (1)P；
（1）
In the method, in the process of the invention,P-pressure sensor value, unit: kN/m 2 ；
-sediment volume weight, value 26.5kN/m 3 ；
River sediment deposition thickness, unit: m;
when the sediment of the river channel is deposited to a thickness>0.3m, pressure sensor value>＞PWhen the dredging operation is started; when the sediment deposition thickness of the river channel is less than or equal to 0.3m, the numerical value of the pressure sensor is less than or equal toPWhen the dredging operation is not started, the pressure sensor value and the turbidity meter value are combined to obtain a decision operation execution strategy:
when the value of the turbidity meter is less than or equal to 10NTU and the value of the pressure sensor is less than or equal to 10NTUPWhen the operation is not executed;
when the value of the turbidity meter is less than or equal to 10NTU and the value of the pressure sensor is less than or equal to 10NTU>PWhen the air blower is used, the air displacement Q and the atmospheric pressure required by the air discharge are calculated, the air discharge of the air blower is remotely controlled, and air is conveyed to the rubber lining water of the bottom hole;
when the value of the turbidity meter>10NTU and the pressure sensor value is less than or equal toPWhen the air blower is used, the air displacement Q and the atmospheric pressure required by the air discharge are calculated, the air discharge of the air blower is remotely controlled, and air is conveyed to the rubber lining water band of the surface layer hole;
when the value of the turbidity meter>10NTU and pressingForce sensor value>PAnd when the air is exhausted, the required exhaust quantity Q and the atmospheric pressure are calculated, the air blower is remotely controlled to exhaust, and air is conveyed to the rubber lining water of the surface layer hole and the bottom layer hole.
The invention also provides an exhaust test method of dredging and anti-silting equipment for rural river channels, which comprises the following steps:
respectively selecting two angles of 90 DEG vertical downward and 45 DEG inclined downstream, and carrying out exhaust tests of 0.15Mpa,0.25Mpa,0.35Mpa and 0.45Mpa under each angle; upstream flow is 20m 3 And/h, the water level is 100cm, the exhaust aperture is 2mm, and the distance from the nozzle to the surface of the sediment is 25cm; according to the test result, a curve fitting of the surface flow velocity of the downstream water body in the 90-degree vertical downward exhaust is made, and a curve fitting of the surface flow velocity of the downstream water body in the 45-degree oblique downstream exhaust is made; converting atmospheric pressure and aperture into exhaust quantity Q;
（2）
wherein:Q air flow The displacement Q (m) 3 /s）；
p Air flow The gas pressure is 0.15mpa,0.25mpa,0.35mpa and 0.45 mpa;
p atmospheric pressure Atmospheric pressure, taken as 0.1Mpa;
-the height of the nozzle from the water surface in m;
area of exhaust port in mm 2 ；
ρ Air flow The gas density, which is related to the atmospheric pressure, is 1.242kg/m at 0.1MPa 3 ；
ρ Water and its preparation method The density of the water body is 981kg/m 3 ；
g-the gravitational acceleration, taken as 9.81 m/s.
The four sets of exhaust gas amounts Q were found to be 4.7X10, respectively -4 m 3 /s，6.73×10 -4 m 3 /s，7.42×10 -4 m 3 S and 7.7X10 -4 m 3 /s；
The surface flow rate and the distance between the exhaust downstream are approximately in a-1 power relation, and considering that the flow rate increases with the increase of the atmospheric pressure, and the atmospheric pressure is in direct proportion to the exhaust quantity Q, the surface flow rate and the exhaust quantity Q are considered to be in direct proportion, so the relation between the tentative surface flow rate and the exhaust quantity Q and the distance between the measuring point and the nozzle is as follows:
（3）
wherein:v-downstream surface flow rate in m/s;
x-distance of downstream side of the gas discharge nozzle in m;
a-a constant related to the exhaust angle;
Q air flow -the amount of exhaust;
v 0 -the surface flow rate of the water body without exhaust can be represented by the average flow rate of the water tank:
（4）
wherein:flow rate in m 3 /s；
B-the width of the water tank, this time 0.7m;
H-water depth, this time 1.0m;
βcoefficient, the water tank can take 1.95;
therefore, the formula (4) can be rewritten as:
（5）
considering dimensional balance, the height of the nozzle from the surface of the water bodyhCarrying into formula (5), obtaining:
（6）
in the method, in the process of the invention,afor unknown, the other parameters are known, namely 90-degree vertical downward and 45-degree inclined downstream, and after each parameter is respectively substituted into the formula (6), the more attached parameters are obtained through multiple iterationsaValues, wherein 90 ° is taken vertically downwarda=9800, 45 ° oblique downstream fetcha=13900; and (3) carrying the corresponding a into the formula (6), and performing a relation curve of the exhaust quantity Q and the water body surface flow velocity during exhaust.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: the utility model provides a device and a method for dredging and preventing the river channel in rural areas, wherein a rubber lining water belt is adopted in the underwater part, and when dredging and preventing the river channel is not started, the rubber lining water belt is tightly attached to the river bed and the side slope of the river channel, so that the river channel Hong Duanmian is not narrowed; dredging construction is carried out at any time, and the dredging construction has a dredging prevention effect on a river channel; the sensing module and the decision module for acquiring the data of the sensing module and generating the control command can effectively solve the problems of limited dredging construction technology and dredging time, poor flexibility and higher cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a river channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the bottom surface of the rubber lined hose of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the surface of the rubber lined hose of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change of the area of a muddy water mass with time according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a curve fit of the downstream water surface flow rate for a 90 vertical downward exhaust of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing a curve fit of the downstream water surface flow rate of a 45℃diagonal downstream exhaust gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the displacement Q and the water surface flow rate during 90-degree exhaust according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the exhaust gas quantity Q and the water surface flow rate during 45-degree exhaust.
In the figure: 1. a decision module; 2. an air delivery system; 3. a pressure sensor; 4. a turbidity meter; 5. and (5) weighting.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides dredging and anti-silting equipment for rural river channels, which is shown in the accompanying drawings 1-3, and particularly comprises a working system and a control system, wherein the working system is divided into an over-water part, an under-water part and a connecting part, the over-water part is an air conveying system 2, and the main equipment is a blower and is used for inputting air into the under-water part; the connecting part is a rubber lining water band, the underwater part is formed by arranging the rubber lining water bands of which the surface layer is opposite to the open holes on the water surface and the bottom layer is opposite to the open holes on the river bottom at intervals, so that a pipe network is formed and paved on the river bed and the side slope of the river channel; a weight 5 is arranged at the joint of the side slope and the river bed, so that the pipe network is fixed; the control system comprises a sensing module and a decision-making module 1, wherein the sensing module is a sensing system, the decision-making module 1 is a decision-making system, the sensing system respectively monitors turbidity in a river channel and sediment accumulation thickness of the river channel in real time through a turbidity meter 4 arranged in the middle of the river bottom and pressure sensors 3 arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of a rubber-lined water band, and the decision-making system determines whether dredging and silt prevention work is started or not according to the turbidity monitored by the turbidity meter 4 and the data of the pressure sensors 3;
according to the groundwater quality standard (GB/T14848-2017), according to the groundwater quality condition and human health risk of China, referring to the water quality requirements of domestic drinking water, industry, agriculture and the like, and according to the content of each component (except PH), classifying the components into five categories, wherein the quality and turbidity classification are shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1
The main basic functions of the rural river are farmland irrigation, flood control and flood discharge, domestic drinking water sources and the like, so that the water quality class is IV class or more, the turbidity requirement is less than or equal to 10NTU, the silt prevention work is started when the rural river turbidity is more than or equal to 10NTU, and the silt prevention work is not started when the rural river turbidity is less than or equal to 10 NTU;
after sediment in a rural river is deposited, the value of the pressure sensor 3 arranged in the river is increased, the excessive value means that the sediment in the river is serious, and the flood-flowing section of the river is insufficient, so that the sediment thickness of the river is controlled, the section size of the rural river is smaller, the sediment thickness of the river is considered to be serious when reaching 0.3m, dredging work is required, and the value of the pressure sensor 3 is 8kN/m according to the formula (1) 2 ；
（1）
In the method, in the process of the invention,P-pressure sensor 3 number, unit: kN/m 2 ；
The sediment volume weight is generally 26.5kN/m 3 ；
River sediment deposition thickness, unit: m;
when the sediment of the river channel is deposited to a thickness>0.3m, pressure sensor 3 value>8kN/m 2 When the dredging operation is started; when the sediment deposition thickness of the river channel is less than or equal to 0.3m, the value of the pressure sensor 3 is less than or equal to 8kN/m 2 When the dredging device is used, dredging is not started;
in summary, for the following 4 cases, the decision system makes corresponding feedback, and the feedback operation is shown in table 2;
TABLE 2
The purpose of arranging the bottom layer small holes and the surface layer small holes is that the bottom layer small holes jet air to drive bottom sand to start, the surface layer small holes jet air to enable surrounding sediment to keep a suspension state continuously, water flow drives sediment to flow downwards, the dredging and anti-dredging effects are achieved, and for better application to rural river channels, dredging and anti-dredging test effects of different exhaust apertures and exhaust schemes are shown in Table 3, and maximization of dredging effects and economy is achieved;
TABLE 3 Table 3
In the embodiment, 4 groups of exhaust tests under different apertures are designed, the area of a muddy water is taken as one of important indexes for evaluating the anti-clogging effect, the time-varying process of the area of the muddy water under different apertures is counted, as shown in figure 4, in the first 12 minutes of the anti-clogging test, the area of the muddy water is in direct proportion to the aperture of a nozzle, but as time goes on, the area difference of the muddy water under each aperture of the nozzle is smaller and smaller, the anti-clogging effect and the economic cost are comprehensively considered, and the aperture of the nozzle with 2mm is more suitable for daily anti-clogging work;
in this embodiment, 3 sets of exhaust tests under different exhaust schemes are designed, in which scheme 1 is used to perform 30 min pneumatic sand flushing and silt reducing tests, and under the working conditions of 0.4Mpa continuous exhaust, 0.4-0.8Mpa pulse exhaust and 0.8-1.2Mpa pulse exhaust, the maximum sand flushing depths respectively reach 0.15m, 0.23m and 0.37m, and the average sand flushing pit volumes respectively reach 0.024m 3 、0.055m 3 And 0.143m 3 The total volume of the sand washing pits is about 0.2m respectively 3 、0.44m 3 And 1.14m 3 As the exhaust air pressure increases, the larger the sand flushing pit volume is, the better the silt reducing effect is;
in combination with test results, the bottom small holes are mainly used for dredging and exhausting, one hole is arranged at each 25cm interval of the holes for guaranteeing the dredging effect and simultaneously considering economy, the hole diameter is 5mm, and 0.8-1.2mpa of atmospheric pressure pulse exhaust is adopted during exhaust; the small holes on the surface layer are mainly used for silt prevention and exhaust, in order to ensure the silt prevention effect and simultaneously consider the economical efficiency, the holes are arranged at intervals of 25cm, the hole diameter is 2mm, and the exhaust is carried out continuously by adopting the atmospheric pressure of 0.4 Mpa;
in order to determine the effect of suspended sediment transportation under different exhaust pressures, a water tank test is adopted to determine the exhaust quantity Q, and two angles of 90 DEG vertical downward and 45 DEG inclined downstream are respectively selected for the influence of the surface flow velocity of the water body, and the exhaust tests of 0.15Mpa,0.25Mpa,0.35Mpa and 0.45Mpa are carried out under each angle; upstream flow is 20m 3 And/h, the water level is 100cm, the exhaust aperture is 2mm, and the distance from the nozzle to the surface of the sediment is 25cm; making a curve fit of the downstream water surface flow rate of the 90 ° vertical downward exhaust as shown in fig. 5 and a curve fit of the downstream water surface flow rate of the 45 ° diagonal downstream exhaust as shown in fig. 6 according to the test results; the visual analysis is convenient, and the atmospheric pressure and the aperture are converted into the exhaust quantity Q;
（2）
wherein:Q air flow The volume of the exhaust gas Q is m 3 /s；
p Air flow The gas pressure is 0.15mpa,0.25mpa,0.35mpa and 0.45 mpa;
p atmospheric pressure Atmospheric pressure, taken as 0.1Mpa;
-the height of the nozzle from the water surface in m;
area of exhaust port in mm 2 ；
ρ Air flow The gas density, which is related to the atmospheric pressure, is 1.242kg/m at 0.1MPa 3 ；
ρ Water and its preparation method The density of the water body is 981kg/m 3 ；
g-the gravitational acceleration, taken as 9.81 m/s.
The four sets of exhaust gas amounts Q were found to be 4.7X10, respectively -4 m 3 /s，6.73×10 -4 m 3 /s，7.42×10 -4 m 3 S and 7.7X10 -4 m 3 /s；
As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the surface flow rate and the distance downstream of the exhaust gas are approximately in the form of the power of-1, and considering that the flow rate increases with the increase of the atmospheric pressure and the atmospheric pressure is proportional to the exhaust gas amount Q, the surface flow rate and the exhaust gas amount Q are considered to be proportional, so that the relationship between the tentative surface flow rate and the exhaust gas amount Q and the distance between the measuring point and the nozzle is approximately:
（3）
wherein:v-downstream surface flow rate in m/s;
x-distance of downstream side of the gas discharge nozzle in m;
a-a constant related to the exhaust angle;
Q air flow -the amount of exhaust;
v 0 -the surface flow rate of the water body without exhaust can be represented by the average flow rate of the water tank:
（4）
wherein:flow rate in m 3 /s；
B-the width of the water tank, this time 0.7m;
H-water depth, this time 1.0m;
βcoefficient, the water tank can take 1.95;
therefore, the formula (4) can be rewritten as:
（5）
considering dimensional balance, the height of the nozzle from the surface of the water bodyhCarrying into formula (5), obtaining:
（6）
in the method, in the process of the invention,afor unknown, the other parameters are known, namely 90-degree vertical downward and 45-degree inclined downstream, and after each parameter is respectively substituted into the formula (6), the more attached parameters are obtained through multiple iterationsaValues, wherein 90 ° is taken vertically downwarda=9800, 45 ° oblique downstream fetcha=13900；
According to the corresponding a carried-in type (6), the relation curve of the exhaust quantity Q and the water body surface flow velocity during exhaust is carried out, as shown in figures 7-8;
the purpose of adopting the rubber lining water band in the underwater part is that when dredging and preventing the dredging work is not started, the rubber lining water band is tightly attached to the river bed and the side slope of the river channel, and the river channel row Hong Duanmian is not narrowed;
the scheme can perform dredging construction at any time and has the function of preventing the river channel from being silted; the problems of limited dredging time, poor flexibility and high cost of the traditional dredging construction technology can be effectively solved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A desilting equipment that prevents that is used for rural river course, its characterized in that: comprising the following steps: the working system is used for dredging and preventing siltation; the working system comprises:
an underwater portion comprising: a pipe network formed by connecting a plurality of perforated rubber lining water bands;
a water section for inputting air into the underwater section;
a connection part for connecting the above-water part and the underwater part;
the control system is used for controlling the working system;
the control system includes:
the sensing module comprises a turbidity meter for monitoring the river channel in real time and a pressure sensor for measuring the sediment accumulation thickness of the river channel; and the decision module is used for acquiring the data of the sensing module and generating a control command.
2. The dredging and anti-clogging device for rural river according to claim 1, wherein: the rubber lining water band is paved on a river bed and a side slope of the river, and a weight for fixing the rubber lining water band is arranged at the joint of the side slope and the river bed.
3. The dredging and anti-clogging device for rural river according to claim 1, wherein: the trompil of lining rubber hosepipe includes:
a bottom hole which is arranged on the bottom surface of the rubber lining water band and is used for dredging and exhausting;
surface layer holes which are arranged on the surface of the rubber lining water band and used for preventing silting and exhausting.
4. A dredging and anti-clogging device for rural river according to claim 3, wherein: the holes of the bottom layer are arranged at intervals of 25cm, and the aperture is 5mm; the surface layer holes are arranged at intervals of 25cm, and the aperture is 2mm.
5. A dredging and anti-clogging device for rural river according to claim 3, wherein: the atmospheric pressure pulse range is 0.8 Mpa-1.2 Mpa when the bottom layer hole is exhausted;
the atmospheric pressure of the surface layer hole is 0.4Mpa when the surface layer hole is exhausted.
6. The dredging and anti-clogging device for rural river according to claim 1, wherein: the pipe network is of a cross-shaped net structure.
7. The dredging and anti-clogging device for rural river according to claim 1, wherein: the turbidity meter is arranged in the middle of the river bottom.
8. The dredging and anti-clogging device for rural river according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure sensors are distributed on the bottom surface of the rubber lining water band and are arranged at intervals.
9. A dredging control method for dredging and preventing equipment for rural river according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
according to the section size of the rural river, when the river sediment accumulation thickness exceeds 0.3m, dredging is carried out, and the numerical value of the pressure sensor is calculated by utilizing a formula (1)P；
（1）
In the method, in the process of the invention,P-pressure sensor value, unit: kN/m 2 ；
-sediment volume weight;
river sediment deposition thickness, unit: m;
when the sediment of the river channel is deposited to a thickness>0.3m, pressure sensor value>PWhen the dredging operation is started;
when the sediment deposition thickness of the river channel is less than or equal to 0.3m, the numerical value of the pressure sensor is less than or equal toPWhen the dredging operation is not started, the pressure sensor value and the turbidity meter value are combined to obtain a decision operation execution strategy:
when the value of the turbidity meter is less than or equal to 10NTU and the value of the pressure sensor is less than or equal to 10NTUPWhen the operation is not executed;
when the value of the turbidity meter is less than or equal to 10NTU and the value of the pressure sensor is less than or equal to 10NTU>PWhen the air blower is used, the air displacement Q and the atmospheric pressure required by the air discharge are calculated, the air discharge of the air blower is remotely controlled, and air is conveyed to the rubber lining water of the bottom hole;
when the value of the turbidity meter>10NTU and the pressure sensor value is less than or equal toPWhen the air blower is used, the air displacement Q and the atmospheric pressure required by the air discharge are calculated, the air discharge of the air blower is remotely controlled, and air is conveyed to the rubber lining water band of the surface layer hole;
when the value of the turbidity meter>10NTU and pressure sensor value>PAnd when the air is exhausted, the required exhaust quantity Q and the atmospheric pressure are calculated, the air blower is remotely controlled to exhaust, and air is conveyed to the rubber lining water of the surface layer hole and the bottom layer hole.
10. An exhaust test method based on the dredging and anti-silting device for rural river according to any one of claims 1-8, which is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
respectively selecting two angles of 90 DEG vertical downward and 45 DEG inclined downstream, and carrying out exhaust tests of 0.15Mpa,0.25Mpa,0.35Mpa and 0.45Mpa under each angle; upstream flow takes up 20m 3 And/h, the water level is 100cm, the exhaust aperture is 2mm, and the distance from the nozzle to the surface of the sediment is 25cm; according to the test result, a curve fitting of the surface flow velocity of the downstream water body in the 90-degree vertical downward exhaust is made, and a curve fitting of the surface flow velocity of the downstream water body in the 45-degree oblique downstream exhaust is made; converting atmospheric pressure and aperture into exhaust quantity Q;
（2）
wherein:Q air flow The volume of the exhaust gas Q is m 3 /s；
p Air flow The pressure of the gas is changed to the pressure of the gas,
p atmospheric pressure -atmospheric pressure;
-the height of the nozzle from the water surface in m;
area of exhaust port in mm 2 ；
ρ Air flow The gas density, which is related to the atmospheric pressure, is 1.242kg/m at 0.1MPa 3 ；
ρ Water and its preparation method The density of the water body is 981kg/m 3 ；
g, the gravity acceleration is 9.81 m/s;
obtaining four groups of exhaust gas quantity Q;
the surface flow rate and the distance between the exhaust downstream are in a-1 power relation, and the relationship between the surface flow rate and the distance between the exhaust Q and the measuring point and the nozzle is that the flow rate increases along with the increase of the atmospheric pressure, the atmospheric pressure is in direct proportion to the exhaust Q, and the surface flow rate and the exhaust Q are in direct proportion to the exhaust Q:
（3）
wherein:vis the downstream surface flow rate in m/s;
xthe unit is m, which is the distance of the downstream side of the gas exhaust nozzle;
ais constant and is related to the exhaust angle;
Q air flow -the amount of exhaust;
v 0 the surface flow rate of the water body without exhaust is represented by the average flow rate of the water tank:
（4）
wherein:in order to be a flow rate,the unit is m 3 /s；
BThe width of the water tank;
His the depth of water;
βis a coefficient;
therefore, the formula (4) can be rewritten as:
（5）
considering dimensional balance, the height of the nozzle from the surface of the water bodyhCarrying into formula (5), obtaining:
（6）
in the method, in the process of the invention,afor unknown, the other parameters are known, namely 90-degree vertical downward and 45-degree inclined downstream, and after each parameter is respectively substituted into the formula (6), the bonded parameters are obtained through multiple iterationsaValues, wherein 90 ° is taken vertically downwarda=9800, 45 ° oblique downstream fetcha=13900; and (3) carrying the corresponding a into the formula (6) to make a relation curve of the exhaust quantity Q and the water body surface flow velocity during exhaust.
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