CN117070799A - Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017818 Cu—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 8
- DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium copper Chemical compound [Be].[Cu] DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910018098 Ni-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018529 Ni—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXAWCNYZAWMWIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [Fe].[Nd] PXAWCNYZAWMWIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017876 Cu—Ni—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of copper alloy processing, and particularly relates to a Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material and a preparation method thereof. The alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cr is 7.6-11.8%, mg is 0.03-0.05%, O content is less than or equal to 6ppm, impurity content is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Cu. The alloy may be prepared by the steps of: vacuum smelting casting, hot extrusion, solid solution, cold forging and aging treatment. The invention has the advantages of no beryllium, environment protection, simple and effective process, convenient operation, suitability for mass production, excellent mechanical, electrical, heat conduction and high-temperature softening resistance of copper alloy, and excellent application value in the fields of magnetic material continuous casting crystallization rollers, resistance welding electrodes and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of copper alloy processing, and particularly relates to a Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The rare earth permanent magnetic material is a permanent magnetic material with the highest comprehensive performance known at present, and the neodymium iron shed is representative thereof. The continuous casting crystallization roller is a core component on a neodymium iron shed continuous casting machine, and the roller sleeve material has good heat conducting property, high temperature resistance, good wear resistance, mechanical property and the like according to the actual service condition. Copper alloy is widely focused by research personnel as an ideal material of a continuous casting crystallization roller sleeve, but the heat conduction property and the mechanical property of the copper alloy are difficult to meet simultaneously, and the current commonly used materials comprise series copper alloys such as T2, TAg0.1, cu-Ni-Si series, beryllium copper and the like, and a gap is reserved between the strict requirements of preparing the crystallization roller sleeve material.
A plurality of preparation methods of copper alloy materials for crystallizer roller sleeves are disclosed at present, wherein the T2 and TAg0.1 materials are greatly limited in application due to softer textures. However, cu-Ni-Si series alloys find many applications due to their relatively high mechanical properties, such as: the patent application "copper alloy material for electromagnetic continuous casting crystallizer and manufacturing method" (application number is CN 200510104917.7) discloses a copper alloy material for electromagnetic continuous casting crystallizer and manufacturing method, the composition (mass percent) is Si:0.6 to 1.1, ni:1.4 to 3.4, mn:0.1 to 0.45, fe is less than or equal to 0.1, zn is less than or equal to 0.2, sn is less than or equal to 0.1, al is less than or equal to 0.02, pb is less than or equal to 0.015, and the balance is Cu, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: smelting, casting, hot upsetting, hot extrusion, cold drawing, large extension, annealing, large extension and annealing, wherein the room-temperature tensile strength of the copper alloy is more than or equal to 206MPa, and the thermal conductivity is more than or equal to 115W/m.K.
For another example, the patent application "high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy for a thin strip continuous casting crystallization roller and a manufacturing method thereof" (application number is CN2006100249665. X) discloses a high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy for a thin strip continuous casting crystallization roller and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1 to 2.5, si:0.05 to 0.2, zr:0.05 to 0.2, cr:0.2 to 0.4, sn:0.05 to 0.1, wherein the total amount of one or more of Fe, co and Mg is less than 0.15 percent, and the balance is Cu, and the Ni/Si ratio is more than 8:1. The preparation process comprises the following steps: smelting, casting, hot forging, quenching, solid solution, quenching, cold deformation, aging, cold deformation and aging, the copper alloy of the invention has the hardness of more than 200HBS, the softening temperature of more than 550 ℃ and the conductivity of more than 50 percent IACS.
In addition, the improvement on the beryllium copper alloy at present is that other micro alloying elements are added to improve the comprehensive performance of the beryllium copper alloy. Such as: the patent application "a high-strength high-heat-conductivity copper alloy material roller sleeve and a preparation method thereof" (application number is CN 202110266871.8) discloses a high-strength high-heat-conductivity copper alloy material roller sleeve and a preparation method thereof, wherein the roller sleeve comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.2 to 2.6, be:0.2 to 0.6, si:0.2 to 0.6, mg:0.07 to 0.17, ca:0.04 to 0.10, ag:0.01 to 0.05, la:0.1 to 0.3, co:0.01 to 0.03, al:0.1 to 0.5, cd:0.1 to 0.5 percent, and the balance of Cu, and the preparation process comprises the following steps: the copper alloy of the invention has room temperature tensile strength of more than or equal to 726MPa, microhardness of more than or equal to 220HV, thermal conductivity of more than or equal to 160W/m.K, and elongation after break of more than or equal to 4.7 percent.
As another example, patent application "a preparation method of a continuous casting roll-type crystallizer" (application number is cn201661004322. X) discloses a substrate for roll surface of a continuous casting roll-type crystallizer, the components (mass percent) are Ni:3 to 5, be:0.05 to 0.2, al:1 to 2, zr:0.5 to 1, mn:0.2 to 0.4, mg:1 to 3, sn:0.05 to 0.1, and the balance of Cu. The preparation process comprises the following steps: smelting, casting, hot forging, quenching, solid solution, quenching, cold deformation and aging, the hardness of the copper alloy is more than 230HBS, the softening temperature is more than 570 ℃, and the conductivity is more than 58 percent IACS.
As another example, patent application "a low beryllium copper alloy for a thin strip continuous casting crystallization roller and a production process thereof" (application number is CN 200210036307.4), discloses a low beryllium copper alloy for a thin strip continuous casting crystallization roller and a production process thereof, and the components (mass percentage) are Be:0.1 to 0.3, ni:1.0 to 2.5, si:0.05 to 0.3, zr: 0.01-0.2, and the composite Re is less than 0.05, and the balance is Cu, wherein, ni/Si is less than 8:1 and less than 20:1. The preparation process comprises the following steps: smelting, casting, hot forging, solid solution, quenching, cold deformation and aging, the copper alloy of the invention has the hardness of more than 200HBS, the softening temperature of more than 600 ℃ and the conductivity of more than 55 percent IACS.
As another example, patent application "a copper sleeve for a thin strip continuous casting crystallization roller and a manufacturing method thereof" (application number CN 201110447924.2) discloses a copper sleeve for a thin strip continuous casting crystallization roller and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the copper sleeve comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.03 to 0.18, mn:0.4 to 2.0, zr:0.02 to 0.6, and the balance of Cu. The preparation process comprises the following steps: vacuum smelting, casting, hot forging, solid solution, cold forging and aging, the tensile strength of the copper alloy is more than or equal to 572MPa, the hardness is more than or equal to 182HBS, and the conductivity is more than or equal to 71 percent IACS.
The researches show that the Cu-Ni-Si alloy has the problems of low mechanical property and general heat conduction property, and the beryllium copper microalloying series has the problems of low heat conduction property and environmental protection. Therefore, there is still a need to develop a method capable of mass-producing a copper alloy material for a crystallization roll cover, which has excellent mechanical properties and heat conductive properties while reducing manufacturing costs through a simple process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material and the preparation method thereof, which can prepare the copper alloy material for the crystallization roller sleeve with high strength, good heat conduction performance and good high-temperature softening resistance under the condition of meeting the mass production, has simple and effective process and simultaneously avoids the use of toxic substances beryllium.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
the Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: cr is 7.6-11.8%, mg is 0.03-0.05%, O content is less than or equal to 6ppm, impurity content is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Cu.
Specifically, the effect of Cr element in the copper alloy is mainly second phase strengthening, and the nano phase and submicron second phase are beneficial to the mechanical property and wear resistance of the alloy, and the Cr element is hardly dissolved in a copper matrix at room temperature, so that the good heat conduction and electric conduction properties of the alloy can be maintained; the trace Mg element mainly plays roles of deoxidizing and delaying the coarsening of the nano phase, is beneficial to the high-temperature softening resistance of the alloy, and has small influence on the electric conduction and heat conduction properties of the alloy.
The tensile strength of the Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material is 553-626 mpa, the electric conductivity is 70.2-75.6% IACS, the hardness is 85.1-89.5 HRB, the heat conduction performance is more than or equal to 310W/(m.K), the softening resistance temperature is more than or equal to 570 ℃, the average grain size is less than or equal to 20 mu m, and the submicron-level second phase size is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m.
The preparation method of the Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Vacuum induction casting: placing oxygen-free copper, cu-Cr intermediate alloy and Cu-Mg intermediate alloy into a crucible, vacuumizing for smelting, carrying out heat preservation treatment after metal is completely melted, and then casting into an ingot of copper alloy material;
2) Homogenization-hot extrusion treatment: carrying out homogenization treatment on the material obtained in the step 1), and immediately carrying out hot extrusion operation;
3) Solution treatment;
4) Cold forging treatment;
5) And (5) aging treatment.
Further, the vacuum degree in the step 1) is less than or equal to 4.5X10 -2 Pa, the heat preservation temperature is 1350-1480 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 15-25 min. The impurity content of the cast ingot is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, the oxygen content is less than or equal to 6ppm, and the influence of the excessive oxygen content and impurity content on the electric conductivity and the heat conductivity of the alloy is avoided.
Further, in the step 2), the homogenization treatment temperature is 920-980 ℃, the heat preservation time is 6-8 h, the hot extrusion ratio is more than or equal to 10, and the billet outflow speed is 0.1-0.5 m/s.
Further, the solution treatment temperature in the step 3) is 940-990 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 h, and then the cold quenching is immediately carried out.
Further, the cold forging deformation amount in the step 4) is 30% -60%.
Further, the aging treatment temperature in the step 5) is 450-500 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 hours.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material prepared by the vacuum smelting casting-hot extrusion-solid solution-cold forging-aging treatment process is beryllium-free, environment-friendly, simple and effective in process, convenient to operate, suitable for batch production, excellent in mechanical, electrical, heat conduction and high-temperature softening resistance of copper alloy, and excellent in application value in the fields of magnetic material continuous casting crystallization rollers, resistance welding electrodes and the like.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below in connection with examples, which are set forth only to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
In the following embodiments, cu-50Cr intermediate alloy and Cu-10Mg intermediate alloy are selected.
Example 1:
1) Vacuum induction melting: placing oxygen-free copper, cu-50Cr intermediate alloy and Cu-10Mg intermediate alloy into crucible, and vacuum degree is less than or equal to 4.5X10% -2 Pa starts to smelt, the metal is kept at 1350 ℃ for 25min after being completely smelted, and then cast into an ingot of copper alloy material, and the ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 11.8% Cr, 0.05% Mg, 6ppm O, 0.05% impurity content and the balance Cu;
2) And (3) hot extrusion treatment: placing the alloy ingot obtained in the step 1) into a heat preservation furnace to carry out heat preservation treatment at 980 ℃ for 6 hours, and then immediately carrying out hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 11, and the billet outflow speed is 0.1m/s;
3) Solution treatment: carrying out heat preservation treatment at 940 ℃ on the alloy blank obtained in the step 2), wherein the heat preservation time is 2h, and then immediately carrying out water quenching;
4) Cold forging treatment: carrying out cold forging treatment on the alloy blank obtained in the step 3) with the deformation of 60%;
5) Aging treatment: and 4) carrying out heat preservation for 4 hours at 450 ℃ on the alloy blank obtained in the step 4).
The Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy obtained in the embodiment has the tensile strength of 626Mpa, the electrical conductivity of 70.2% IACS, the hardness of 89.5HRB, the heat conduction performance of 310W/(m.K), the softening resistance temperature of 570 ℃, the average grain size of 18 mu m and the average size of the submicron second phase of 0.4 mu m.
Example 2:
1) Vacuum induction melting: placing oxygen-free copper, cu-50Cr intermediate alloy and Cu-10Mg intermediate alloy into crucible, and vacuum degree is less than or equal to 4.5X10% -2 Pa starts to smelt, the metal is kept at 1400 ℃ for 25min after being completely smelted, and then cast into an ingot of copper alloy material, and the ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 11.2% of Cr, 0.04% of Mg, 6ppm of O, 0.05% of impurity content and the balance of Cu;
2) And (3) hot extrusion treatment: placing the alloy ingot obtained in the step 1) into a heat preservation furnace for heat preservation treatment at 940 ℃ for 8 hours, and immediately performing hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 10, and the billet outflow speed is 0.5m/s;
3) Solution treatment: carrying out heat preservation treatment at 990 ℃ on the alloy blank obtained in the step 2), wherein the heat preservation time is 1h, and then immediately carrying out water quenching;
4) Cold forging treatment: carrying out cold forging treatment on the alloy blank obtained in the step 3) with the deformation of 50%;
5) Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the alloy blank obtained in the step (4) for 3 hours at 480 ℃.
The Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy obtained in the embodiment has the tensile strength of 585Mpa, the electrical conductivity of 72.1% IACS, the hardness of 86.3HRB, the heat conduction performance of 314W/(m.K), the softening resistance of 570 ℃, the average grain size of 18 mu m and the average size of the submicron second phase of 0.5 mu m.
Example 3:
1) Vacuum induction melting: placing oxygen-free copper, cu-50Cr intermediate alloy and Cu-10Mg intermediate alloy into crucible, and vacuum degree is less than or equal to 4.5X10% -2 Pa starts smelting, the metal is kept at 1430 ℃ for 20min after being completely melted, and then cast into an ingot of copper alloy material, the ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weightThe composition of the components is as follows: 10.5% Cr, 0.04% Mg, 6ppm O, 0.05% impurity content, and the balance Cu;
2) And (3) hot extrusion treatment: placing the alloy ingot obtained in the step 1) into a heat preservation furnace to carry out heat preservation treatment at 920 ℃ for 8 hours, and then immediately carrying out hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 10, and the billet outflow speed is 0.3m/s;
3) Solution treatment: carrying out heat preservation treatment at 960 ℃ on the alloy blank obtained in the step 2) for 1.5 hours, and then immediately carrying out water quenching;
4) Cold forging treatment: carrying out cold forging treatment on the alloy blank obtained in the step 3) with the deformation of 30%;
5) Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the alloy blank obtained in the step (4) for 4 hours at 500 ℃.
The Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy obtained in the embodiment has the tensile strength of 553Mpa, the electrical conductivity of 75.6 percent IACS, the hardness of 85.1HRB, the heat conduction performance of 314W/(m.K), the softening temperature of 590 ℃, the average grain size of 20 mu m and the average size of the submicron second phase of 0.5 mu m.
Example 4:
1) Vacuum induction melting: placing oxygen-free copper, cu-50Cr intermediate alloy and Cu-10Mg intermediate alloy into crucible, and vacuum degree is less than or equal to 4.5X10% -2 Pa starts to smelt, the metal is kept at 1380 ℃ for 25 minutes after being completely smelted, and then cast into an ingot of copper alloy material, wherein the ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10.1% of Cr, 0.03% of Mg, 5ppm of O, 0.05% of impurity content and the balance of Cu;
2) And (3) hot extrusion treatment: placing the alloy ingot obtained in the step 1) into a heat preservation furnace to carry out heat preservation treatment for 7 hours at 960 ℃, and then immediately carrying out hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 11, and the billet outflow speed is 0.4m/s;
3) Solution treatment: carrying out heat preservation treatment at 960 ℃ on the alloy blank obtained in the step 2) for 1.5 hours, and then immediately carrying out water quenching;
4) Cold forging treatment: carrying out cold forging treatment on the alloy blank obtained in the step 3) with the deformation of 40%;
5) Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the alloy blank obtained in the step (4) for 3 hours at 500 ℃.
The Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy obtained in the embodiment has tensile strength of 561Mpa, electric conductivity of 74.7% IACS, hardness of 85.5HRB, heat conduction performance of 314W/(m.K), softening temperature resistance of 580 ℃, average grain size of 20 mu m, and submicron-level second phase average size of 0.5 mu m.
Example 5:
1) Vacuum induction melting: placing oxygen-free copper, cu-50Cr intermediate alloy and Cu-10Mg intermediate alloy into crucible, and vacuum degree is less than or equal to 4.5X10% -2 Pa starts to smelt, the metal is kept at 1420 ℃ for 20min after being completely smelted, and then cast into an ingot of copper alloy material, and the ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr 9.6%, mg 0.04%, O6 ppm, impurity content 0.05%, and Cu the rest;
2) And (3) hot extrusion treatment: placing the alloy ingot obtained in the step 1) into a heat preservation furnace to carry out heat preservation treatment at 980 ℃ for 6 hours, and then immediately carrying out hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 10, and the billet outflow speed is 0.2m/s;
3) Solution treatment: carrying out heat preservation treatment at 940 ℃ on the alloy blank obtained in the step 2), wherein the heat preservation time is 2h, and then immediately carrying out water quenching;
4) Cold forging treatment: carrying out cold forging treatment on the alloy blank obtained in the step 3) with the deformation of 60%;
5) Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the alloy blank obtained in the step (4) for 2h at the temperature of 450 ℃.
The Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy obtained in the embodiment has the tensile strength of 614Mpa, the electric conductivity of 73.5% IACS, the hardness of 88.6HRB, the heat conduction performance of 313W/(m.K), the softening resistance temperature of 570 ℃, the average grain size of 20 mu m and the average size of the submicron second phase of 0.4 mu m.
Example 6:
1) Vacuum induction melting: placing oxygen-free copper, cu-50Cr intermediate alloy and Cu-10Mg intermediate alloy into crucible, and vacuum degree is less than or equal to 4.5X10% -2 Pa starts to smelt, the metal is kept at 1450 ℃ for 18min after being completely smelted, and then cast into an ingot of copper alloy material, wherein the ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr is 8.9%, mg is 0.04%, O is 6ppm, impurity content is 0.05%, and the balance is Cu;
2) And (3) hot extrusion treatment: placing the alloy ingot obtained in the step 1) into a heat preservation furnace to carry out heat preservation treatment for 7 hours at 960 ℃, and then immediately carrying out hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 10, and the billet outflow speed is 0.3m/s;
3) Solution treatment: carrying out heat preservation treatment at 980 ℃ on the alloy blank obtained in the step 2), wherein the heat preservation time is 1h, and then immediately carrying out water quenching;
4) Cold forging treatment: carrying out cold forging treatment on the alloy blank obtained in the step 3) with the deformation of 50%;
5) Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the alloy blank obtained in the step (4) for 3 hours at 460 ℃.
The Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy obtained in the embodiment has the tensile strength of 595Mpa, the electrical conductivity of 72.9% IACS, the hardness of 87.9HRB, the thermal conductivity of 313W/(m.K), the softening resistance of 570 ℃, the average grain size of 20 mu m and the average size of the submicron second phase of 0.5 mu m.
Example 7:
1) Vacuum induction melting: placing oxygen-free copper, cu-50Cr intermediate alloy and Cu-10Mg intermediate alloy into crucible, and vacuum degree is less than or equal to 4.5X10% -2 Pa starts to smelt, the metal is kept at 1480 ℃ for 15min after being completely smelted, and then cast into an ingot of copper alloy material, and the ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr 8.3%, mg 0.04%, O:6ppm, the impurity content is 0.05%, and the balance is Cu;
2) And (3) hot extrusion treatment: placing the alloy ingot obtained in the step 1) into a heat preservation furnace for heat preservation treatment at 940 ℃ for 8 hours, and immediately performing hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 11, and the billet outflow speed is 0.3m/s;
3) Solution treatment: carrying out heat preservation treatment at 960 ℃ on the alloy blank obtained in the step 2) for 1.5 hours, and then immediately carrying out water quenching;
4) Cold forging treatment: carrying out cold forging treatment on the alloy blank obtained in the step 3) with the deformation of 50%;
5) Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the alloy blank obtained in the step (4) for 3 hours at 460 ℃.
The Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy obtained in the embodiment has the tensile strength of 597Mpa, the electrical conductivity of 73.1% IACS, the hardness of 88.5HRB, the thermal conductivity of 313W/(m.K), the softening resistance of 570 ℃, the average grain size of 20 mu m and the average size of the submicron second phase of 0.5 mu m.
Example 8:
1) Vacuum induction melting: placing oxygen-free copper, cu-50Cr intermediate alloy and Cu-10Mg intermediate alloy into crucible, and vacuum degree is less than or equal to 4.5X10% -2 Pa starts to smelt, the metal is kept at 1460 ℃ for 15min after being completely smelted, and then cast into an ingot of copper alloy material, wherein the ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr is 7.9%, mg is 0.05%, O is 6ppm, impurity content is 0.05%, and the balance is Cu;
2) And (3) hot extrusion treatment: placing the alloy ingot obtained in the step 1) into a heat preservation furnace for heat preservation treatment at 940 ℃ for 8 hours, and immediately performing hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 11, and the billet outflow speed is 0.3m/s;
3) Solution treatment: carrying out heat preservation treatment at 940 ℃ on the alloy blank obtained in the step 2), wherein the heat preservation time is 2h, and then immediately carrying out water quenching;
4) Cold forging treatment: carrying out cold forging treatment on the alloy blank obtained in the step 3) with the deformation of 60%;
5) Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the alloy blank obtained in the step (4) for 3 hours at 460 ℃.
The Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy obtained in the embodiment has the tensile strength of 594Mpa, the electrical conductivity of 72.3% IACS, the hardness of 88.7HRB, the thermal conductivity of 313W/(m.K), the softening resistance of 570 ℃, the average grain size of 18 mu m and the average size of the submicron second phase of 0.5 mu m.
Example 9:
1) Vacuum induction melting: placing oxygen-free copper, cu-50Cr intermediate alloy and Cu-10Mg intermediate alloy into crucible, and vacuum degree is less than or equal to 4.5X10% -2 Pa starts to smelt, the metal is kept at 1420 ℃ for 25min after being completely smelted, and then cast into an ingot of copper alloy material, and the ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr is 7.6%, mg is 0.03%, O is 6ppm, impurity content is 0.05%, and the balance is Cu;
2) And (3) hot extrusion treatment: placing the alloy ingot obtained in the step 1) into a heat preservation furnace for heat preservation treatment at 960 ℃ for 8 hours, and immediately performing hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 11, and the billet outflow speed is 0.2m/s;
3) Solution treatment: carrying out heat preservation treatment at 960 ℃ on the alloy blank obtained in the step 2) for 1.5 hours, and then immediately carrying out water quenching;
4) Cold forging treatment: carrying out cold forging treatment on the alloy blank obtained in the step 3) with the deformation of 60%;
5) Aging treatment: carrying out heat preservation for 2h at 450 ℃ on the alloy blank obtained in the step 4);
the Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy obtained in the embodiment has the tensile strength of 620Mpa, the electrical conductivity of 70.7% IACS, the hardness of 89.1HRB, the heat conduction performance of 310W/(m.K), the softening resistance temperature of 570 ℃, the average grain size of 18 mu m and the average size of the submicron second phase of 0.4 mu m.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material is characterized by comprising the following alloy components in percentage by mass: cr is 7.6-11.8%, mg is 0.03-0.05%, O content is less than or equal to 6ppm, impurity content is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Cu.
2. A method for preparing a Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
1) Vacuum induction casting;
2) Homogenization-hot extrusion treatment: carrying out homogenization treatment on the material obtained in the step 1), and immediately carrying out hot extrusion operation;
3) Solution treatment;
4) Cold forging treatment;
5) And (5) aging treatment.
3. The method of producing Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy as recited in claim 2, wherein said step 1) is specifically performed as: oxygen-free copper and Cu-CrPlacing the intermediate alloy and the Cu-Mg intermediate alloy into a crucible, vacuumizing for smelting, carrying out heat preservation treatment after the metal is completely melted, and then casting into an ingot of a copper alloy material; wherein the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 4.5X10 -2 Pa, the heat preservation temperature is 1350-1480 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 15-25 min.
4. The method for producing a Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material according to claim 3, wherein the impurity content of the ingot is not more than 0.05% and the oxygen content is not more than 6ppm.
5. The method for preparing a Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material according to claim 2, wherein the homogenization treatment temperature in the step 2) is 920-980 ℃, the heat preservation time is 6-8 hours, the hot extrusion ratio is more than or equal to 10, and the billet outflow speed is 0.1-0.5 m/s.
6. The method for preparing a Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material according to claim 2, wherein the solution treatment temperature in the step 3) is 940-990 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours, and then the cold quenching is immediately performed.
7. The method for preparing a Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material according to claim 2, wherein the cold forging deformation in the step 4) is 30% -60%.
8. The method for preparing a Cu-Cr-Mg copper alloy material according to claim 2, wherein the aging treatment temperature in the step 5) is 450-500 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 2-4 hours.
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