CN117057172B - Method and system for monitoring electric field and magnetic field during lightning - Google Patents
Method and system for monitoring electric field and magnetic field during lightning Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for monitoring an electric field and a magnetic field when lightning occurs, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring current amplitude at a space position r and at a time t, setting a space-time distribution function of current density, and calculating the current density at the space position r and at the time t by combining the current propagation speed at the time t and the central position of lightning discharge; calculating the charge density at the space position r and the time t according to the current density at the space position r and the time t, and calculating an electric field when lightning occurs and a magnetic field when lightning occurs according to Maxwell's equations; setting a model for changing an electric field and a magnetic field when lightning occurs, and simulating the changes of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning occurs by combining the electric field when lightning occurs, the magnetic field when lightning occurs and the current density at a space position r and a time t so as to complete the monitoring of the electric field and the magnetic field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of monitoring of electric fields and magnetic fields when lightning occurs, and particularly relates to a method and a system for monitoring the electric fields and the magnetic fields when lightning occurs.
Background
Lightning ground flash is one of ten natural disasters published by united nations. It is counted that 8000 thunderstorm clouds exist in the world at the same time, and on average, the lightning strikes are generated about 100 times per second (more than 800 ten thousand times per day), and the formed direct lightning strike and electromagnetic Pulse (LEMP, lightning Electro-Magnetic Pulse) form serious threat to important infrastructure of industries such as power, communication, aerospace, railway, petrochemical industry and the like, and attract great importance to the world.
At present, many countries in the world are researched on lightning characteristics and lightning detection. In summary, the prior art document discloses a method for lightning detection, which comprises the following steps: visual inspection, photography, electric field instruments, lightning counters, spectrometers, pulse voltage recorders, satellite lightning detection, acoustic detection, radar detection, electromagnetic field detection, and the like. The electromagnetic field detection method widely used for lightning location can be divided into: single-station lightning detection and multi-station lightning detection.
However, in the prior art, the analysis of the lightning characteristics is not accurate enough, so that the lightning early warning and the safety production errors depending on the lightning characteristic data are too large.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for monitoring an electric field and a magnetic field when lightning occurs, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring current amplitude at a space position r and at a time t, setting a space-time distribution function of current density, and calculating the current density at the space position r and at the time t by combining the current propagation speed at the time t and the central position of lightning discharge;
calculating the charge density at the space position r and the time t according to the current density at the space position r and the time t, and calculating an electric field when lightning occurs and a magnetic field when lightning occurs according to Maxwell's equations;
setting a model for changing an electric field and a magnetic field when lightning occurs, and simulating the changes of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning occurs by combining the electric field when lightning occurs, the magnetic field when lightning occurs and the current density at a space position r and a time t so as to complete the monitoring of the electric field and the magnetic field.
Further, the electric field and magnetic field variation model during lightning generation comprises:
,
,
wherein E is the electric field when lightning occurs,is of vacuum permeability->For vacuum permittivity, t is time,b is the magnetic field at the time of lightning occurrence, which is the current density at the spatial position r and at time t.
Further, the current density at spatial position r and time tComprising the following steps:
,
wherein,for the spatiotemporal distribution function of the current density at spatial position r and time t +.>For adjusting the factor->Is the center position of lightning discharge, +.>Is the current propagation speed at time t.
Further, the space-time distribution function of the current density at the spatial position r and the time tComprising the following steps:
,
wherein,for the current amplitude +.>For wave number, < >>Is the angular frequency.
Further, calculating the charge density at the spatial location r and at the time t includes:
,
wherein,is the charge density at spatial location r and time t.
Further, the method comprises the steps of: and displaying the change of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning is simulated to occur to a user.
Further, the method comprises the steps of: the changes of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning is simulated are displayed to a user in the form of a graph.
Further, the method comprises the steps of: and acquiring weather forecast data, extracting the forecast data of occurrence of lightning, and starting monitoring of an electric field and a magnetic field according to the forecast time of occurrence of the lightning.
The invention also provides a monitoring system of electric field and magnetic field when thunder occurs, comprising:
the current density acquisition module is used for acquiring current amplitude at a space position r and at a time t, setting a space-time distribution function of current density, and calculating the current density at the space position r and at the time t by combining the current propagation speed at the time t and the central position of lightning discharge;
the electric field and magnetic field acquisition module is used for calculating the charge density at the space position r and the time t according to the current density at the space position r and the time t, and calculating the electric field when lightning occurs and the magnetic field when lightning occurs according to Maxwell's equation;
the monitoring module is used for setting an electric field and magnetic field change model when lightning occurs, combining the electric field when lightning occurs, the magnetic field when lightning occurs and the current density at the space position r and the time t, and simulating the change of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning occurs so as to complete the monitoring of the electric field and the magnetic field.
Further, the electric field and magnetic field variation model during lightning generation comprises:
,
,
wherein E is the electric field when lightning occurs,is of vacuum permeability->For vacuum permittivity, t is time,b is the magnetic field at the time of lightning occurrence, which is the current density at the spatial position r and at time t.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention obtains the current amplitude at the space position r and the time t, sets the space-time distribution function of the current density, and combines the current propagation speed at the time t and the central position of the lightning discharge to calculate the current density at the space position r and the time t; calculating the charge density at the space position r and the time t according to the current density at the space position r and the time t, and calculating an electric field when lightning occurs and a magnetic field when lightning occurs according to Maxwell's equations; setting a model for changing an electric field and a magnetic field when lightning occurs, and simulating the changes of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning occurs by combining the electric field when lightning occurs, the magnetic field when lightning occurs and the current density at a space position r and a time t so as to complete the monitoring of the electric field and the magnetic field. According to the technical scheme, the electric field and the magnetic field can be accurately monitored when lightning occurs, and the electric field and the magnetic field are displayed to a user.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a system of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The method provided by the invention can be implemented in a terminal environment, wherein the terminal can comprise one or more of the following components: processor, storage medium, and display screen. Wherein the storage medium has stored therein at least one instruction that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method described in the embodiments below.
The processor may include one or more processing cores. The processor connects various parts within the overall terminal using various interfaces and lines, performs various functions of the terminal and processes data by executing or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the storage medium, and invoking data stored in the storage medium.
The storage medium may include a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or a Read-Only Memory (ROM). The storage medium may be used to store instructions, programs, code sets, or instructions.
The display screen is used for displaying a user interface of each application program.
All subscripts in the formula of the invention are only used for distinguishing parameters and have no practical meaning.
In addition, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure of the terminal described above is not limiting and that the terminal may include more or fewer components, or may combine certain components, or a different arrangement of components. For example, the terminal further includes components such as a radio frequency circuit, an input unit, a sensor, an audio circuit, a power supply, and the like, which are not described herein.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring an electric field and a magnetic field when lightning occurs, including:
step 101, obtaining current amplitude at a space position r and at a time t, setting a space-time distribution function of current density, and calculating the current density at the space position r and at the time t by combining the current propagation speed at the time t and the central position of lightning discharge;
specifically, the current density at spatial position r and time tComprising the following steps:
，
wherein,for the spatiotemporal distribution function of the current density at spatial position r and time t +.>In order to adjust the factor(s),is the center position of lightning discharge, +.>For the current propagation speed at time t, the change in current over time is taken into account,is a gaussian distribution used to represent the current propagation and attenuation.
Specifically, the spatiotemporal distribution function of current density at spatial position r and time tComprising the following steps:
，
wherein,for the current amplitude +.>For wave number, < >>Is the angular frequency.
102, calculating the charge density at the space position r and the time t according to the current density at the space position r and the time t, and calculating an electric field when lightning occurs and a magnetic field when lightning occurs according to Maxwell's equation;
specifically, calculating the charge density at the spatial position r and at the time t includes:
，
wherein,for the charge density at the spatial position r and at the time t, the distribution of the charge density over time and space is represented, and by calculating the divergence of the current density, the distribution of the charge density can be determined.
According to maxwell's equations, calculating the electric field when lightning occurs and the magnetic field when lightning occurs includes:
，
，
，
，
step 103, setting an electric field and magnetic field change model when lightning occurs, and simulating the changes of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning occurs by combining the electric field when lightning occurs, the magnetic field when lightning occurs and the current density at the space position r and the time t so as to complete the monitoring of the electric field and the magnetic field.
Specifically, the electric field and magnetic field change model during lightning generation comprises:
，
，
wherein E is the electric field when lightning occurs,is of vacuum permeability->For vacuum permittivity, t is time,b is the magnetic field at the time of lightning occurrence, which is the current density at the spatial position r and at time t.
The electric field and magnetic field variation model describes how electromagnetic waves propagate in space when lightning occurs, taking into account the second derivatives in the time and space domains.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: and displaying the change of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning is simulated to occur to a user.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the changes of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning is simulated are displayed to a user in the form of a graph.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: and acquiring weather forecast data, extracting the forecast data of occurrence of lightning, and starting monitoring of an electric field and a magnetic field according to the forecast time of occurrence of the lightning.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for monitoring an electric field and a magnetic field when lightning occurs, including:
the current density acquisition module is used for acquiring current amplitude at a space position r and at a time t, setting a space-time distribution function of current density, and calculating the current density at the space position r and at the time t by combining the current propagation speed at the time t and the central position of lightning discharge;
specifically, the current density at spatial position r and time tComprising the following steps:
，
wherein,for the spatiotemporal distribution function of the current density at spatial position r and time t +.>For adjusting the factor->Is the center position of lightning discharge, +.>For the current propagation speed at time t, the change in current over time is taken into account, +.>Is a gaussian distribution used to represent the current propagation and attenuation.
Specifically, the spatiotemporal distribution function of current density at spatial position r and time tComprising the following steps:
，
wherein,for the current amplitude +.>For wave number, < >>Is the angular frequency.
The electric field and magnetic field acquisition module is used for calculating the charge density at the space position r and the time t according to the current density at the space position r and the time t, and calculating the electric field when lightning occurs and the magnetic field when lightning occurs according to Maxwell's equation;
specifically, calculating the charge density at the spatial position r and at the time t includes:
，
wherein,for the charge density at the spatial position r and at the time t, the distribution of the charge density over time and space is represented, and by calculating the divergence of the current density, the distribution of the charge density can be determined.
According to maxwell's equations, calculating the electric field when lightning occurs and the magnetic field when lightning occurs includes:
，
，
，
，
the monitoring module is used for setting an electric field and magnetic field change model when lightning occurs, combining the electric field when lightning occurs, the magnetic field when lightning occurs and the current density at the space position r and the time t, and simulating the change of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning occurs so as to complete the monitoring of the electric field and the magnetic field.
Specifically, the electric field and magnetic field change model during lightning generation comprises:
，
，
wherein E is the electric field when lightning occurs,is of vacuum permeability->For vacuum permittivity, t is time,b is the magnetic field at the time of lightning occurrence, which is the current density at the spatial position r and at time t.
The electric field and magnetic field variation model describes how electromagnetic waves propagate in space when lightning occurs, taking into account the second derivatives in the time and space domains.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: and displaying the change of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning is simulated to occur to a user.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the changes of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning is simulated are displayed to a user in the form of a graph.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: and acquiring weather forecast data, extracting the forecast data of occurrence of lightning, and starting monitoring of an electric field and a magnetic field according to the forecast time of occurrence of the lightning.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention also provides a storage medium which stores a plurality of instructions for realizing the monitoring of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning occurs.
Alternatively, in this embodiment, the storage medium may be located in any one of the computer terminals in the computer terminal group in the computer network, or in any one of the mobile terminals in the mobile terminal group.
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, a storage medium is provided to store program codes for performing the steps of embodiment 1.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention also provides electronic equipment, which comprises a processor and a storage medium connected with the processor, wherein the storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, and the instructions can be loaded and executed by the processor so that the processor can execute monitoring of an electric field and a magnetic field when lightning occurs.
Specifically, the electronic device of the present embodiment may be a computer terminal, and the computer terminal may include: one or more processors, and a storage medium.
The storage medium may be used to store a software program and a module, for example, in the embodiment of the invention, the electric field and the magnetic field are monitored when lightning occurs, and the processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software program and the module stored in the storage medium, that is, the monitoring of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning occurs is realized. The storage medium may include a high-speed random access storage medium, and may also include a non-volatile storage medium, such as one or more magnetic storage systems, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state storage medium. In some examples, the storage medium may further include a storage medium remotely located with respect to the processor, and the remote storage medium may be connected to the terminal through a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The processor may invoke the information stored in the storage medium and the application program through the transmission system to perform the steps of embodiment 1.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
In the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for a portion of this disclosure that is not described in detail in this embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed technology may be implemented in other manners. The system embodiments described above are merely exemplary, and for example, the division of the units is merely a logic function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some interfaces, units or modules, or may be in electrical or other forms.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or partly in the form of a software product or all or part of the technical solution, which is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random-access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or the like, which can store program codes.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for monitoring electric and magnetic fields in the event of lightning, comprising:
acquisition of spatial positionAnd time->The current amplitude at the time, the space-time distribution function of the current density is set, and the time is combined>The current propagation speed and the central position of the lightning discharge at the time are calculated at the spatial position +.>And time->Current density at the time, wherein +.>And time->Time-space distribution function of the current density->Comprising the following steps:
，
wherein,for the current amplitude +.>For wave number, < >>Is angular frequency;
according to the spatial positionAnd time->The current density at the time is calculated at spatial position +.>And time->The charge density is calculated according to Maxwell's equation, and the electric field and the magnetic field are calculated when thunder occurs;
setting an electric field and magnetic field change model when lightning occurs, combining the electric field when lightning occurs, the magnetic field when lightning occurs and the space positionAnd time->The current density in the time simulates the change of an electric field and a magnetic field when lightning occurs so as to complete the monitoring of the electric field and the magnetic field, wherein the electric field and the magnetic field change model when the lightning occurs comprises:
，
，
wherein,for the electric field when lightning occurs, +.>Is of vacuum permeability->For the vacuum permittivity, +.>For time (I)>For being in space position->And time->Current density at time, ">For the generation of a magnetic field during lightning, wherein +.>And time->Current density +.>Comprising the following steps:
，
wherein,to at the same timeSpatial position->And time->Time-space distribution function of current density, +.>For adjusting the factor->Is the center position of lightning discharge, +.>For time->Current propagation speed at time;
calculated at a spatial positionAnd time->The charge density at that time includes:
，
wherein,for being in space position->And time->Charge density at that time.
2. A method of monitoring electric and magnetic fields in the event of lightning as set forth in claim 1, comprising: and displaying the change of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning is simulated to occur to a user.
3. A method of monitoring electric and magnetic fields in the event of lightning as claimed in claim 2, comprising: the changes of the electric field and the magnetic field when lightning is simulated are displayed to a user in the form of a graph.
4. A method of monitoring electric and magnetic fields in the event of lightning as set forth in claim 1, comprising: and acquiring weather forecast data, extracting the forecast data of occurrence of lightning, and starting monitoring of an electric field and a magnetic field according to the forecast time of occurrence of the lightning.
5. A system for monitoring electric and magnetic fields in the event of lightning, comprising:
a current density acquisition module for acquiring the position in spaceAnd time->The current amplitude at the time, the space-time distribution function of the current density is set, and the time is combined>The current propagation speed and the central position of the lightning discharge at the time are calculated at the spatial position +.>And time->Current density at the time, wherein +.>And time->Time-space distribution function of the current density->Comprising the following steps:
，
wherein,for the current amplitude +.>For wave number, < >>Is angular frequency;
a module for acquiring electric field and magnetic field according to the spatial positionAnd time->The current density at the time is calculated at spatial position +.>And time->The charge density is calculated according to Maxwell's equation, and the electric field and the magnetic field are calculated when thunder occurs;
the monitoring module is used for setting an electric field and a magnetic field change model when lightning occurs, and combining the electric field when lightning occurs, the magnetic field when lightning occurs and the spatial positionAnd time->The current density in the time simulates the change of an electric field and a magnetic field when lightning occurs so as to complete the monitoring of the electric field and the magnetic field, wherein the electric field and the magnetic field change model when the lightning occurs comprises:
，
，
wherein,for the electric field when lightning occurs, +.>Is of vacuum permeability->For the vacuum permittivity, +.>For time (I)>For being in space position->And time->Current density at time, ">For the magnetic field when lightning occurs, wherein,in spatial position->And time->Current density +.>Comprising the following steps:
，
wherein,for being in space position->And time->Time-space distribution function of current density, +.>For adjusting the factor->Is the center position of lightning discharge, +.>For time->Current propagation speed at time;
calculated at a spatial positionAnd time->The charge density at that time includes:
，
wherein,for being in space position->And time->Charge density at that time.
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