CN116773922A - Method and system for analyzing magnetic field change caused by lightning - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0807—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by the application
- G01R29/0814—Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning
- G01R29/0842—Measurements related to lightning, e.g. measuring electric disturbances, warning systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for analyzing magnetic field change caused by lightning, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the lightning is ground lightning, acquiring the time-dependent change of the charge of the negative charge center and the height of the negative charge center in the ground lightning, and calculating the time-dependent change of the ground lightning moment; when the lightning is cloud lightning, acquiring the time-dependent variable quantity of charges neutralized by the cloud lightning and the vertical distance between positive and negative charges in the cloud, and calculating the time-dependent variable quantity of the electric moment of the cloud lightning; setting an atmospheric electric field analysis model, and calculating the time-varying atmospheric electric field in the vertical direction of the ground caused by lightning according to the time-varying amount of the lightning electric moment or the time-varying amount of the cloud lightning electric moment so as to complete the magnetic field variation analysis caused by lightning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic field change analysis caused by lightning, and particularly relates to a method and a system for analyzing magnetic field change caused by lightning.
Background
Lightning ground flash is one of ten natural disasters published by united nations. In addition, lightning often causes damage to buildings, power transmission and distribution systems, communication equipment and civil electrical appliances, causes burning and even explosion of forest fires, storage, oil refineries, oil fields and the like, and causes great economic loss and adverse social influence. With the continuous high-speed development of the economy and society of China, the defects of China in lightning stroke risk prevention are more remarkable, and the wide attention of various industries of the society and the government of China is brought.
Therefore, a technical scheme is needed to analyze the magnetic field change caused by lightning, so as to provide data support for lightning early warning and safe production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical characteristics, the invention provides a method for analyzing magnetic field change caused by lightning, which comprises the following steps:
when the lightning is ground lightning, acquiring the time-dependent change of the charge of the negative charge center and the height of the negative charge center in the ground lightning, and calculating the time-dependent change of the ground lightning moment;
when the lightning is cloud lightning, acquiring the time-dependent variable quantity of charges neutralized by the cloud lightning and the vertical distance between positive and negative charges in the cloud, and calculating the time-dependent variable quantity of the electric moment of the cloud lightning;
setting an atmospheric electric field analysis model, and calculating the time-varying atmospheric electric field in the vertical direction of the ground caused by lightning according to the time-varying amount of the lightning electric moment or the time-varying amount of the cloud lightning electric moment so as to complete the magnetic field variation analysis caused by lightning.
Further, the atmospheric electric field analysis model includes:
，
wherein ,time-dependent vertical direction of the ground for lightning>Varying atmospheric electric field, +.>For the electrostatic field component caused by the charge in the lightning channel, < >>Inductive field component for lightning current variation, +.>Is the electromagnetic field radiation component generated by the lightning radiation.
Further, calculating an electrostatic field component caused by the charge in the lightning channelInductive field component generated by lightning current variation ∈ ->And electromagnetic field radiation component generated by lightning radiation +.>Comprising the following steps:
，
，
，
wherein ,is the dielectric constant of free space, +.>For time (I)>For detecting the distance of the station from the lightning, +.>In order to achieve the light velocity, the light beam is,is the variation of the lightning moment with time.
Further, when the lightning moment changes with timeFor the change of the earth lightning moment with time +.>When (1):
，
wherein ,charge change over time in the center of negative charge neutralized for ground flash,/for the ground flash>Is the height of the center of negative charge.
Further, when the lightning moment changes with timeFor the change of cloud lightning moment with time +.>：
，
wherein ,charge change over time for cloud flash neutralization, +.>Is the vertical separation of positive and negative charges in the cloud.
The invention also proposes a system for analyzing changes in magnetic field caused by lightning, comprising:
the ground lightning moment calculating module is used for obtaining the time-dependent change of the charges of the negative charge center and the height of the negative charge center in the ground lightning when the lightning is ground lightning, and calculating the time-dependent change of the ground lightning moment;
the cloud lightning moment calculating module is used for obtaining the time-dependent change of charge neutralized by the cloud lightning and the vertical distance between positive and negative charges in the cloud when the lightning is the cloud lightning, and calculating the time-dependent change of the cloud lightning moment;
the analysis module is used for setting an atmospheric electric field analysis model, and calculating an atmospheric electric field which is caused by lightning and changes along the ground vertical direction along the time according to the change quantity of the ground lightning electric moment along the time or the change quantity of the cloud lightning electric moment along the time so as to complete the magnetic field change analysis caused by lightning.
Further, the atmospheric electric field analysis model includes:
，
wherein ,time-dependent vertical direction of the ground for lightning>Varying atmospheric electric field, +.>For the electrostatic field component caused by the charge in the lightning channel, < >>Inductive field component for lightning current variation, +.>Is the electromagnetic field radiation component generated by the lightning radiation.
Further, calculating an electrostatic field component caused by the charge in the lightning channelInductive field component generated by lightning current variation ∈ ->And electromagnetic field radiation component generated by lightning radiation +.>Comprising the following steps:
，
，
，
wherein ,is the dielectric constant of free space, +.>For time (I)>For detecting the distance of the station from the lightning, +.>In order to achieve the light velocity, the light beam is,is the variation of the lightning moment with time.
Further, when the lightning moment changes with timeFor the change of the earth lightning moment with time +.>When (1):
，
wherein ,charge change over time in the center of negative charge neutralized for ground flash,/for the ground flash>Is the height of the center of negative charge.
Further, when the lightning moment changes with timeFor the change of cloud lightning moment with time +.>：
，
wherein ,charge change over time for cloud flash neutralization, +.>Is the vertical separation of positive and negative charges in the cloud.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
when lightning is ground lightning, the change quantity of charges of the center of negative charges and the height of the center of the negative charges in the ground lightning are obtained, and the change quantity of ground lightning electric moment with time is calculated; when the lightning is cloud lightning, acquiring the time-dependent variable quantity of charges neutralized by the cloud lightning and the vertical distance between positive and negative charges in the cloud, and calculating the time-dependent variable quantity of the electric moment of the cloud lightning; setting an atmospheric electric field analysis model, and calculating the time-varying atmospheric electric field in the vertical direction of the ground caused by lightning according to the time-varying amount of the lightning electric moment or the time-varying amount of the cloud lightning electric moment so as to complete the magnetic field variation analysis caused by lightning. According to the technical scheme, the magnetic field change caused by lightning can be accurately analyzed, so that data guarantee is provided for lightning early warning and safe production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a system of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The method provided by the invention can be implemented in a terminal environment, wherein the terminal can comprise one or more of the following components: processor, storage medium, and display screen. Wherein the storage medium has stored therein at least one instruction that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method described in the embodiments below.
The processor may include one or more processing cores. The processor connects various parts within the overall terminal using various interfaces and lines, performs various functions of the terminal and processes data by executing or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the storage medium, and invoking data stored in the storage medium.
The storage medium may include a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or a Read-Only Memory (ROM). The storage medium may be used to store instructions, programs, code sets, or instructions.
The display screen is used for displaying a user interface of each application program.
All subscripts in the formula of the invention are only used for distinguishing parameters and have no practical meaning.
In addition, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure of the terminal described above is not limiting and that the terminal may include more or fewer components, or may combine certain components, or a different arrangement of components. For example, the terminal further includes components such as a radio frequency circuit, an input unit, a sensor, an audio circuit, a power supply, and the like, which are not described herein.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for analyzing a change in a magnetic field caused by lightning, including:
step 101, when lightning is ground lightning, acquiring the time-dependent change of charges of the negative charge center and the height of the negative charge center in the ground lightning, and calculating the time-dependent change of ground lightning moment;
in particular, when the lightning moment varies with timeFor the change of the ground lightning moment with timeWhen (1):
，
wherein ,charge variation over time for neutralization of negative charge centers for ground flash，/>Is the height of the center of negative charge.
102, when the lightning is cloud lightning, acquiring the time-dependent change of charge neutralized by the cloud lightning and the vertical distance between positive and negative charges in the cloud, and calculating the time-dependent change of the electric moment of the cloud lightning;
in particular, when the lightning moment varies with timeIs the change quantity of the cloud lightning moment along with time：
，
wherein ,charge change over time for cloud flash neutralization, +.>Is the vertical separation of positive and negative charges in the cloud.
And 103, setting an atmospheric electric field analysis model, and calculating an atmospheric electric field which is caused by lightning and changes along the ground vertical direction along the time according to the change amount of the ground lightning electric moment along the time or the change amount of the cloud lightning electric moment along the time so as to finish the magnetic field change analysis caused by lightning.
Specifically, when the distance from the detection station to the lightning is far greater than the height of the charge center in the rain cloud, the influence of the ionosphere on the electromagnetic radiation propagation of the lightning is ignored, the mathematical analysis of the atmospheric electric field can simplify the processing, and the atmospheric electric field in the ground vertical direction caused by the ground flash or the cloud flashOver time->Which can be expressed approximately as the sum of three terms, namely: the atmospheric electric field analysis model includes:
(2.1) a compound of the formula,
wherein ,time-dependent vertical direction of the ground for lightning>Varying atmospheric electric field, +.>For the electrostatic field component caused by the charge in the lightning channel, < >>Inductive field component for lightning current variation, +.>Is the electromagnetic field radiation component generated by the lightning radiation.
Specifically, the electrostatic field component caused by the charge in the lightning channel is calculatedInductive field component generated by lightning current variation ∈ ->And electromagnetic field radiation component generated by lightning radiation +.>Comprising the following steps:
(2.2) a compound of the formula,
(2.3) a compound of the formula,
(2.4) a compound of the formula,
wherein ,is the dielectric constant of free space, +.>For time (I)>For detecting the distance of the station from the lightning, +.>In order to achieve the light velocity, the light beam is,is the variation of the lightning moment with time, because there is a time delay +.>Therefore, the lightning moment is +.>A value of the time of day.
As can be seen from equation (2.2), the electrostatic field component of the ground-to-atmosphere electric field variation caused by lightning is proportional to the lightning moment and inversely proportional to the cube of the distance of the lightning; as can be seen from equation (2.3), the induced component of the ground-to-atmosphere electric field over time caused by lightning is proportional to the first derivative of the lightning moment, inversely proportional to the square of the lightning distance; from equation (2.4), it can be seen that the radiation component of the ground-perpendicular-to-atmosphere electric field variation caused by lightning is proportional to the second derivative of the lightning moment with respect to time, and inversely proportional to the first power of the lightning moment. Thus, the three components of the ground caused by lightning appear to differ significantly with the change in the distance of the lightning. When the lightning distance is short, the electrostatic field component is a main feature, and when the lightning distance is long, the induction component and the radiation component are gradually strengthened, and when the lightning distance is further prolonged, the radiation component plays a main role, and the roles of the electrostatic field component and the induction field component are relatively weakened.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a lightning-induced magnetic field variation analysis system, including:
the ground lightning moment calculating module is used for obtaining the time-dependent change of the charges of the negative charge center and the height of the negative charge center in the ground lightning when the lightning is ground lightning, and calculating the time-dependent change of the ground lightning moment;
in particular, when the lightning moment varies with timeFor the change of the ground lightning moment with timeWhen (1):
，
wherein ,charge change over time in the center of negative charge neutralized for ground flash,/for the ground flash>Is the height of the center of negative charge.
The cloud lightning moment calculating module is used for obtaining the time-dependent change of charge neutralized by the cloud lightning and the vertical distance between positive and negative charges in the cloud when the lightning is the cloud lightning, and calculating the time-dependent change of the cloud lightning moment;
in particular, when the lightning moment varies with timeIs the change quantity of the cloud lightning moment along with time：
，
wherein ,charge change over time for cloud flash neutralization, +.>Is the vertical separation of positive and negative charges in the cloud.
The analysis module is used for setting an atmospheric electric field analysis model, and calculating an atmospheric electric field which is caused by lightning and changes along the ground vertical direction along the time according to the change quantity of the ground lightning electric moment along the time or the change quantity of the cloud lightning electric moment along the time so as to complete the magnetic field change analysis caused by lightning.
Specifically, when the distance from the detection station to the lightning is far greater than the height of the charge center in the rain cloud, the influence of the ionosphere on the electromagnetic radiation propagation of the lightning is ignored, the mathematical analysis of the atmospheric electric field can simplify the processing, and the atmospheric electric field in the ground vertical direction caused by the ground flash or the cloud flashOver time->Which can be expressed approximately as the sum of three terms, namely: the atmospheric electric field analysis model includes:
(2.1) a compound of the formula,
wherein ,time-dependent vertical direction of the ground for lightning>Varying atmospheric electric field, +.>For the electrostatic field component caused by the charge in the lightning channel, < >>Inductive field component for lightning current variation, +.>Is the electromagnetic field radiation component generated by the lightning radiation.
Specifically, the electrostatic field component caused by the charge in the lightning channel is calculatedInductive field component generated by lightning current variation ∈ ->And electromagnetic field radiation component generated by lightning radiation +.>Comprising the following steps:
(2.2) a compound of the formula,
(2.3) a compound of the formula,
(2.4) a compound of the formula,
wherein ,is the dielectric constant of free space, +.>For time (I)>For detecting the distance of the station from the lightning, +.>In order to achieve the light velocity, the light beam is,is the variation of the lightning moment with time, because there is a time delay +.>Therefore, the lightning moment is +.>A value of the time of day.
As can be seen from equation (2.2), the electrostatic field component of the ground-to-atmosphere electric field variation caused by lightning is proportional to the lightning moment and inversely proportional to the cube of the distance of the lightning; as can be seen from equation (2.3), the induced component of the ground-to-atmosphere electric field over time caused by lightning is proportional to the first derivative of the lightning moment, inversely proportional to the square of the lightning distance; from equation (2.4), it can be seen that the radiation component of the ground-perpendicular-to-atmosphere electric field variation caused by lightning is proportional to the second derivative of the lightning moment with respect to time, and inversely proportional to the first power of the lightning moment. Thus, the three components of the ground caused by lightning appear to differ significantly with the change in the distance of the lightning. When the lightning distance is short, the electrostatic field component is a main feature, and when the lightning distance is long, the induction component and the radiation component are gradually strengthened, and when the lightning distance is further prolonged, the radiation component plays a main role, and the roles of the electrostatic field component and the induction field component are relatively weakened.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention also provides a storage medium which stores a plurality of instructions for realizing the method for analyzing the magnetic field change caused by lightning.
Alternatively, in this embodiment, the storage medium may be located in any one of the computer terminals in the computer terminal group in the computer network, or in any one of the mobile terminals in the mobile terminal group.
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, a storage medium is provided to store program codes for performing the method of embodiment 1.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention also provides electronic equipment, which comprises a processor and a storage medium connected with the processor, wherein the storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, and the instructions can be loaded and executed by the processor so that the processor can execute a magnetic field change analysis method caused by lightning.
Specifically, the electronic device of the present embodiment may be a computer terminal, and the computer terminal may include: one or more processors, and a storage medium.
The storage medium may be used to store a software program and a module, such as a lightning-induced magnetic field change analysis method in the embodiment of the present invention, and the processor executes the software program and the module stored in the storage medium, thereby performing various functional applications and data processing, that is, implementing the lightning-induced magnetic field change analysis method. The storage medium may include a high-speed random access storage medium, and may also include a non-volatile storage medium, such as one or more magnetic storage systems, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state storage medium. In some examples, the storage medium may further include a storage medium remotely located with respect to the processor, and the remote storage medium may be connected to the terminal through a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The processor may call the information stored in the storage medium and the application program through the transmission system to perform the method steps of embodiment 1;
the foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
In the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for a portion of this disclosure that is not described in detail in this embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed technology may be implemented in other manners. The system embodiments described above are merely exemplary, and for example, the division of the units is merely a logic function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some interfaces, units or modules, or may be in electrical or other forms.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or partly in the form of a software product or all or part of the technical solution, which is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, randomAccess Memory), a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or the like, which can store program codes.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for analyzing a change in a magnetic field caused by lightning, comprising:
when the lightning is ground lightning, acquiring the time-dependent change of the charge of the negative charge center and the height of the negative charge center in the ground lightning, and calculating the time-dependent change of the ground lightning moment;
when the lightning is cloud lightning, acquiring the time-dependent variable quantity of charges neutralized by the cloud lightning and the vertical distance between positive and negative charges in the cloud, and calculating the time-dependent variable quantity of the electric moment of the cloud lightning;
setting an atmospheric electric field analysis model, and calculating the time-varying atmospheric electric field in the vertical direction of the ground caused by lightning according to the time-varying amount of the lightning electric moment or the time-varying amount of the cloud lightning electric moment so as to complete the magnetic field variation analysis caused by lightning.
2. A method of analyzing changes in a magnetic field caused by lightning as set forth in claim 1, wherein said atmospheric electric field analysis model comprises:
，
wherein ,time-dependent vertical direction of the ground for lightning>Varying atmospheric electric field, +.>For the electrostatic field component caused by the charge in the lightning channel, < >>Inductive field component for lightning current variation, +.>Is the electromagnetic field radiation component generated by the lightning radiation.
3. A method of analyzing a change in a magnetic field caused by lightning as set forth in claim 2, wherein an electrostatic field component caused by charges in a lightning path is calculatedInductive field component generated by lightning current variation ∈ ->And electromagnetic field radiation component generated by lightning radiation +.>Comprising the following steps:
，
，
，
wherein ,is the dielectric constant of free space, +.>For time (I)>For detecting the distance of the station from the lightning, +.>In order to achieve the light velocity, the light beam is,is the variation of the lightning moment with time.
4. A method of analyzing a change in a magnetic field caused by lightning as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the lightning moment changes with timeFor the change of the earth lightning moment with time +.>When (1):
，
wherein ,charge change over time in the center of negative charge neutralized for ground flash,/for the ground flash>Is the height of the center of negative charge.
5. A method of analyzing a change in a magnetic field caused by lightning as set forth in claim 3, whereinIn that, when the lightning moment varies with timeFor the change of cloud lightning moment with time +.>：
，
wherein ,charge change over time for cloud flash neutralization, +.>Is the vertical separation of positive and negative charges in the cloud.
6. A lightning-induced magnetic field variation analysis system, comprising:
the ground lightning moment calculating module is used for obtaining the time-dependent change of the charges of the negative charge center and the height of the negative charge center in the ground lightning when the lightning is ground lightning, and calculating the time-dependent change of the ground lightning moment;
the cloud lightning moment calculating module is used for obtaining the time-dependent change of charge neutralized by the cloud lightning and the vertical distance between positive and negative charges in the cloud when the lightning is the cloud lightning, and calculating the time-dependent change of the cloud lightning moment;
the analysis module is used for setting an atmospheric electric field analysis model, and calculating an atmospheric electric field which is caused by lightning and changes along the ground vertical direction along the time according to the change quantity of the ground lightning electric moment along the time or the change quantity of the cloud lightning electric moment along the time so as to complete the magnetic field change analysis caused by lightning.
7. The lightning-induced magnetic field variation analysis system of claim 6, wherein the atmospheric electric field analysis model comprises:
，
wherein ,time-dependent vertical direction of the ground for lightning>Varying atmospheric electric field, +.>For the electrostatic field component caused by the charge in the lightning channel, < >>Inductive field component for lightning current variation, +.>Is the electromagnetic field radiation component generated by the lightning radiation.
8. A lightning-induced magnetic field variation analysis system as set forth in claim 7 wherein the electrostatic field component caused by the charge in the lightning path is calculatedInductive field component generated by lightning current variation ∈ ->And electromagnetic field radiation component generated by lightning radiation +.>Comprising the following steps:
，
，
，
wherein ,is the dielectric constant of free space, +.>For time (I)>For detecting the distance of the station from the lightning, +.>In order to achieve the light velocity, the light beam is,is the variation of the lightning moment with time.
9. The lightning-induced magnetic field variation analysis system of claim 8, wherein, when the lightning moment varies with timeFor the change of the earth lightning moment with time +.>When (1):
，
wherein ,charge change over time in the center of negative charge neutralized for ground flash,/for the ground flash>Is the height of the center of negative charge.
10. The lightning-induced magnetic field variation analysis system of claim 8, wherein, when the lightning moment varies with timeFor the change of cloud lightning moment with time +.>：
，
wherein ,charge change over time for cloud flash neutralization, +.>Is the vertical separation of positive and negative charges in the cloud.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117054755A (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2023-11-14 | 宁波麦思捷科技有限公司武汉分公司 | Method and system for analyzing magnetic field change caused by lightning |
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| CN117054755A (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2023-11-14 | 宁波麦思捷科技有限公司武汉分公司 | Method and system for analyzing magnetic field change caused by lightning |
| CN117054755B (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2023-12-22 | 宁波麦思捷科技有限公司武汉分公司 | Method and system for analyzing magnetic field change caused by lightning |
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