CN117047097A - Novel steel material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel steel material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117047097A CN117047097A CN202311100245.7A CN202311100245A CN117047097A CN 117047097 A CN117047097 A CN 117047097A CN 202311100245 A CN202311100245 A CN 202311100245A CN 117047097 A CN117047097 A CN 117047097A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/09—Mixtures of metallic powders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/108—Mixtures obtained by warm mixing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
A novel steel material and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of steel material manufacturing. Selecting a steel component with proper austenite structure stability, and selecting a new material proportioning scheme according to the requirement, wherein the raw materials in the scheme are powdery mixtures, and the raw materials comprise the following raw materials in percentage by weight: c:0.005-0.08%; si is less than or equal to 0.4 percent; mn is less than or equal to 2.2 percent; ni:6.0-8.0%; cr:12.0-14.0%; mo:4-8%; cu:2.0-3.0%; nb:0.2-0.6%; and the balance of Fe, performing aging treatment after solution treatment, performing plasma heat treatment on the surface of the blank, and the like. The surface hardness and oxidation resistance of the steel are jointly improved through the design.
Description
Technical Field
A novel steel material and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of steel material manufacturing.
Background
High hardness and oxidation resistant steel materials have wide application in many fields, particularly in high temperature, corrosive and oxidizing environments. The properties of conventional steel materials under these extreme conditions are often limited, so research and development of a new high hardness, oxidation resistant steel material is of great importance to meet the industrial demands.
Research and development of steel materials has progressed significantly over the past several decades. In the aspects of alloy design and improvement, the hardness and oxidation resistance of the steel material can be improved by an alloy design and alloy improvement method. The crystal structure and interaction of the steel can be changed by adjusting the content and proportion of alloy elements, so that the mechanical property and oxidation resistance of the steel are improved, but the alloy design and improvement need deep material science and engineering knowledge, and complex alloy preparation and treatment technology, and the current alloy cannot completely meet the use in terms of performance; in the aspect of material surface treatment, a protective coating layer is formed on the surface of a steel material or the surface structure of the steel material is changed so as to improve the hardness and oxidation resistance of the steel material, but the problems of adhesiveness between the coating layer and a substrate material, impurity control in the treatment process and the like are difficult to solve; in the aspect of application of nano materials, the mechanical property and the oxidation resistance of steel can be obviously improved by adding nano particles and controlling the nano structure, but the uniform distribution, interface interaction, stability and the like of the nano particles are further required to be studied in depth.
Alloy design and improvement is one of the key ways to achieve high hardness and oxidation resistance. Through alloy design, the content and proportion of metal elements in the steel material can be adjusted, so that the crystal structure and interaction of the material are changed. The advantage of this method is that the properties of the steel material can be tailored to specific requirements. The surface treatment technique is one of the common methods for improving the hardness and oxidation resistance of steel materials. Through chemical treatment, electrochemical treatment, heat treatment, physical vapor deposition and other techniques, a protective coating can be formed on the surface of the steel material or the surface tissue structure of the steel material can be changed. The advantage of this method is that the properties of the material can be improved by choosing different treatment methods and conditions without affecting its volume and internal organization.
Aiming at a plurality of defects in the steel field, the invention provides a material with better performance by designing the content and proportion of metal elements of an alloy material and carrying out surface treatment on the generated material and combining a plurality of technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a novel steel material and a preparation method thereof, wherein a steel component with proper austenite structure stability is selected, a novel material proportioning scheme is selected according to requirements, aging treatment is carried out after solution treatment, and plasma heat treatment is carried out on the surface of a blank. The surface hardness and oxidation resistance of the steel are jointly improved through the design.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the novel steel material is a powdery raw material mixture, and comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: c:0.005-0.08%; si is less than or equal to 0.4 percent; mn is less than or equal to 2.2 percent; ni:6.0-8.0%; cr:12.0-14.0%; mo:4-8%; cu:2.0-3.0%; nb:0.2-0.6%; the balance being Fe.
The preparation method of the novel steel material comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing the above powders, adding binder, and granulating to obtain feed;
s2: injection molding, namely injecting the feed into a mold in an injection mode, wherein the mold is in a structure shape customized in advance, and a blank is formed;
s3: removing the bonding agent after degreasing, and then sintering at high temperature;
s4: the blank is subjected to solution treatment, the blank is heated to high temperature, alloy elements are dissolved in crystal lattices, the alloy elements are quenched to fix the distribution of the alloy elements, the precipitated phases and segregation in the alloy materials are eliminated, the alloy elements are distributed more uniformly, and the strength and plasticity of the alloy materials are improved;
s5: aging the plate, heating to a proper temperature again, and keeping the temperature for a period of time to precipitate alloy elements to form fine precipitated phases;
s6: and (3) carrying out plasma heat treatment, namely placing the material in a plasma generator in an inert gas environment, generating high-energy plasma by heating and electric field excitation, interacting the high-energy plasma with the metal material, and carrying out treatment and improvement on the metal material by energy transmission and interaction of the plasma.
Further, the sintering temperature is in the range of 1380-1460 ℃, and the sintering temperature is kept for 4-6 hours; during sintering, 50-100% inert gas, preferably nitrogen, is injected into the graphite vacuum furnace.
Further, the solid solution treatment is carried out at 1000-1100 ℃ for 1-3 hours; and then aging treatment is carried out, the aging temperature is 550-750 ℃, the aging is kept for 2-4 hours, and air cooling is carried out after aging.
Further, the components of the binding agent include: polyoxymethylene, polypropylene, plasticizer and surfactant, wherein the weight ratio of the components is as follows: 75-90%: 5-10%: 0.5-5%: 0.5-5%.
Further, a plasma thermal processing chamber suitable for step S7, generates a high density plasma using a planar Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) coil, the planar inductively coupled plasma being generated using a gold coated three-coil copper coil mounted on a quartz dielectric plate, the plate being driven by a pi-match box and a 13.56 MHz radio frequency power source, the chamber being evacuated by a turbo molecular pump to a base pressure of less than 5 x 10 (-5) Pa, the distance between the coil and the sample being approximately 20 cm.
Further, step 7 is subdivided into:
(1) Heating the chamber to 200-450 ℃, preferably 250 ℃;
(2) Loading the blank, and placing the blank into the cavity after the temperature of the cavity reaches the set temperature;
(3) Inert gas is introduced, the blank is put in, electric field agitation is carried out, a planar inductively coupled plasma coil works, high-energy plasma is generated, and the high-energy plasma interacts with the blank;
(4) Cooling at room temperature.
Further, inert gases used include, but are not limited to: argon, neon, xenon, nitrogen.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) The method is carried out at a low temperature ranging from 200 ℃ to 450 ℃, so that the problems of crystal structure change, thermal expansion and the like caused by traditional high-temperature heat treatment are avoided; (2) surface modification: the hardness, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the metal material can be improved by adjusting the energy of the ion beam and the selection of the implanting agent to realize the hardening, strengthening, surface nitriding, carbonization and other modification effects of the metal material; (3) Because the powder casting mode is used for processing the blanks, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a novel steel material and a preparation method thereof, wherein a steel component with proper austenite structure stability is selected, a novel material proportioning scheme is selected according to requirements, aging treatment is carried out after solution treatment, and plasma heat treatment is carried out on the surface of a blank. The surface hardness and oxidation resistance of the steel are jointly improved through the design.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the novel steel material is a powdery raw material mixture, and comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: c:0.005-0.08%; si is less than or equal to 0.4 percent; mn is less than or equal to 2.2 percent; ni:6.0-8.0%; cr:12.0-14.0%; mo:4-8%; cu:2.0-3.0%; nb:0.2-0.6%; the balance being Fe.
The preparation method of the novel steel material comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing the powder, adding a bonding agent accounting for 15% of the weight of the mixture, and carrying out banburying granulation to form a feed;
s2: injection molding, namely injecting the feed into a mold in an injection mode, wherein the mold is in a structure shape customized in advance, and a blank is formed;
s3: removing 97% of bonding agent after degreasing, and then sintering at high temperature;
s4: the blank is subjected to solution treatment, the blank is heated to high temperature, alloy elements are dissolved in crystal lattices, the alloy elements are quenched to fix the distribution of the alloy elements, the precipitated phases and segregation in the alloy materials are eliminated, the alloy elements are distributed more uniformly, and the strength and plasticity of the alloy materials are improved;
s5: aging the plate, heating to a proper temperature again, and keeping the temperature for a period of time to precipitate alloy elements to form fine precipitated phases;
s6: and (3) carrying out plasma heat treatment, namely placing the material in a plasma generator in an inert gas environment, generating high-energy plasma by heating and electric field excitation, interacting the high-energy plasma with the metal material, and carrying out treatment and improvement on the metal material by energy transmission and interaction of the plasma.
Further, the sintering temperature is in the range of 1380-1460 ℃, and the sintering temperature is kept for 4-6 hours; during sintering, 50-100% inert gas, preferably nitrogen, is injected into the graphite vacuum furnace.
Further, the solid solution treatment is carried out at 1000-1100 ℃ for 1-3 hours; and then aging treatment is carried out, the aging temperature is 550-750 ℃, the aging is kept for 2-4 hours, and air cooling is carried out after aging.
Further, the components of the binding agent include: polyoxymethylene, polypropylene, plasticizer and surfactant, wherein the weight ratio of the components is as follows: 75-90%: 5-10%: 0.5-5%: 0.5-5%.
Further, a plasma thermal processing chamber suitable for step S7, generates a high density plasma using a planar Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) coil, the planar inductively coupled plasma being generated using a gold coated three-coil copper coil mounted on a quartz dielectric plate, the plate being driven by a pi-match box and a 13.56 MHz radio frequency power source, the chamber being evacuated by a turbo molecular pump to a base pressure of less than 5 x 10 (-5) Pa, the distance between the coil and the sample being approximately 20 cm.
Further, step 7 is subdivided into:
(1) Heating the chamber to 200-450 ℃, preferably 250 ℃;
(2) Loading the blank, and placing the blank into the cavity after the temperature of the cavity reaches the set temperature;
(3) Inert gas is introduced, the blank is put in, electric field agitation is carried out, a planar inductively coupled plasma coil works, high-energy plasma is generated, and the high-energy plasma interacts with the blank;
(4) Cooling at room temperature.
Further, inert gases used include, but are not limited to: argon, neon, xenon, nitrogen.
Example 1
The novel steel material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: c is 0.06; si=0.4%; mn=2.0%; ni=7.0%; cr=12.0%; mo=6%; cu=3.0%; nb=0.4%; the balance being Fe.
S1: uniformly mixing the powder, adding a bonding agent accounting for 15% of the weight of the mixture, and carrying out banburying granulation to form a feed;
s2: injection molding, namely injecting the feed into a mold in an injection mode, wherein the mold is in a structure shape customized in advance, and a blank is formed;
s3: removing 97% of binding agent after degreasing, and then sintering at a high temperature of 1400 ℃ for 5 hours; injecting 100% nitrogen into a graphite vacuum furnace in the sintering process;
s4: the blank is subjected to solution treatment, the blank is heated to 1050 ℃ and kept for 2 hours, so that alloy elements are dissolved in crystal lattices, the distribution of the alloy elements is fixed by quenching, the precipitated phases and segregation in the alloy material are eliminated, the alloy elements are distributed more uniformly, and the strength and plasticity of the alloy material are improved;
s5: aging the plate, heating to 550 ℃ again, maintaining for 2.5 hours, air-cooling after aging, and maintaining at the temperature for a period of time to precipitate alloy elements to form a fine precipitated phase;
s6: the method comprises the steps of carrying out plasma heat treatment, placing materials in a plasma generator in an inert gas environment, generating high-energy plasma through heating and electric field excitation, interacting the high-energy plasma with metal materials, carrying out energy transfer and interaction of the plasma to treat and improve the metal materials, evacuating a chamber to a basic pressure of less than 5 x 10 (-5) Pa through a turbomolecular pump, heating the chamber to 250 ℃, placing the blank into the chamber after the temperature of the chamber reaches a set temperature, introducing the blank into nitrogen, carrying out electric field agitation, carrying out planar inductively coupled plasma coil operation, generating high-energy plasma, and interacting the high-energy plasma with the blank.
The steel plate manufactured by the method is tested, and the test is that: the tensile strength reaches 1300MPa, the yield strength reaches 1500MPa, and the hardness is 64 HRC. The numerical values are all better than those of the traditional 420 martensitic steel bar.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A novel steel material, which is characterized in that: is a powdery raw material mixture, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: c:0.005-0.08%; si is less than or equal to 0.4 percent; mn is less than or equal to 2.2 percent; ni:6.0-8.0%; cr:12.0-14.0%; mo:4-8%; cu:2.0-3.0%; nb:0.2-0.6%; the balance being Fe.
2. A method for producing a steel material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing the above powders, adding binder, and granulating to obtain feed;
s2: injection molding, namely injecting the feed into a mold in an injection mode, wherein the mold is in a structure shape customized in advance, and a blank is formed;
s3: removing the bonding agent after degreasing, and then sintering at high temperature;
s4: the blank is subjected to solution treatment, the blank is heated to high temperature, alloy elements are dissolved in crystal lattices, the alloy elements are quenched to fix the distribution of the alloy elements, the precipitated phases and segregation in the alloy materials are eliminated, the alloy elements are distributed more uniformly, and the strength and plasticity of the alloy materials are improved;
s5: aging the plate, heating to a proper temperature again, and keeping the temperature for a period of time to precipitate alloy elements to form fine precipitated phases;
s6: and (3) carrying out plasma heat treatment, namely placing the material in a plasma generator in an inert gas environment, generating high-energy plasma by heating and electric field excitation, interacting the high-energy plasma with the metal material, and carrying out treatment and improvement on the metal material by energy transmission and interaction of the plasma.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sintering temperature is 1380-1460 ℃, and the sintering temperature is kept for 4-6 hours; during sintering, 50-100% inert gas, preferably nitrogen, is injected into the graphite vacuum furnace.
4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: solution treatment is carried out at 1000-1100 ℃ and heat preservation is carried out for 1-3 hours; and then aging treatment is carried out, the aging temperature is 550-750 ℃, the aging is kept for 2-4 hours, and air cooling is carried out after aging.
5. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the components of the binding agent comprise: polyoxymethylene, polypropylene, plasticizer and surfactant, wherein the weight ratio of the components is as follows: 75-90%: 5-10%: 0.5-5%: 0.5-5%.
6. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: a plasma thermal processing chamber suitable for step S6, using a planar Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) coil to generate a high density plasma, the planar inductively coupled plasma being generated using a gold coated three-coil copper coil mounted on a quartz dielectric plate, the plate being driven by a pi-match box and a 13.56 MHz radio frequency power supply, the chamber being evacuated by a turbo molecular pump to a base pressure of less than 5 x 10 (-5) pa, the distance between the coil and the sample being about 20 cm.
7. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: step 7 is subdivided into:
(1) Heating the chamber to 200-450 ℃, preferably 250 ℃;
(2) Loading the blank, and placing the blank into the cavity after the temperature of the cavity reaches the set temperature;
(3) Inert gas is introduced, the blank is put in, electric field agitation is carried out, a planar inductively coupled plasma coil works, high-energy plasma is generated, and the high-energy plasma interacts with the blank;
(4) Cooling at room temperature.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 7, wherein: inert gases used include, but are not limited to: argon, neon, xenon, nitrogen.
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