CN117045331A - Adjustable curved thrombus foreign matter pincers - Google Patents

Adjustable curved thrombus foreign matter pincers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117045331A
CN117045331A CN202311101713.2A CN202311101713A CN117045331A CN 117045331 A CN117045331 A CN 117045331A CN 202311101713 A CN202311101713 A CN 202311101713A CN 117045331 A CN117045331 A CN 117045331A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
thrombus
clamp head
self
pushing rod
outer sheath
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202311101713.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡浩
刘炳荣
戴鹏
朱建东
徐正昭
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Jiangxi Colvin Biotechnology Co ltd
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Jiangxi Colvin Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jiangxi Colvin Biotechnology Co ltd filed Critical Jiangxi Colvin Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority to CN202311101713.2A priority Critical patent/CN117045331A/en
Publication of CN117045331A publication Critical patent/CN117045331A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/50Instruments, other than pincettes or toothpicks, for removing foreign bodies from the human body
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/22Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B17/221Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/22Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B17/221Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions
    • A61B2017/2215Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions having an open distal end

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, and in particular relates to an adjustable bent thrombus foreign body forceps, which comprises: a tube body; the clamp head is connected to one end of the pipe body and can be replaced according to different application scenes; the handle is connected to the other end of the pipe body and used for controlling the working state of the clamp head; the clamp head and the pushing rod are arranged in the outer sheath tube and are in a natural straight state; and in the state that the outer sheath tube is retracted inwards, the pushing rod is restored to a preset angle. According to the invention, the clamp heads in corresponding forms can be selected according to different expected uses of different application scenes, after the product is pushed to the lesion site, the outer sheath tube is retracted inwards, the push rod is restored to a preset angle, the clamp heads can be rotated, so that the clamp heads can be easily and accurately aligned with thrombus and foreign matters in blood vessels, the opening and closing of the clamp heads are controlled, various actions such as rotation, grabbing, shearing and the like can be completed, the thrombus is removed, the foreign matters are removed, and the operation difficulty is greatly reduced.

Description

Adjustable curved thrombus foreign matter pincers
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, and particularly relates to an adjustable bent thrombus foreign body forceps.
Background
The vascular access is a life line on which uremic patients live, and as the number of dialysis people increases and the dialysis time increases, internal fistula loss is more and more important, so that the internal fistula is the most main cause of hospitalization and surgical treatment of hemodialysis patients, and the occlusion of the internal fistula causes physical injury and mental panic to the patients, and the high PTA operation also increases the economic burden of the patients. It is counted that 14% of AVF and 50-80% of AVG are acutely lost, whereas 17.8% of vascular access loss is due to thrombosis.
Clinically, thrombi in different periods and different conditions are roughly classified into the following five treatment modes: thrombolysis, physical therapy, open surgery, interventional therapy, and compound surgery; wherein, the medicine thrombolysis and physical therapy have certain limitations and limited opening rate. And the open surgery and the compound surgery have the greatest damage to vascular resources of patients, which is not beneficial to long-term treatment and health management of the patients. The interventional therapy is mainly imported instruments, the cost is high, and the existing thrombus taking products in the market have no ideal effects on complete occlusion embolism, dispersion distribution embolism, long-distance embolism and old adherence thrombus.
Clinically, in the case of intravascular foreign bodies such as guide wires falling off in operation, proliferated inner membranes and other neoplasms, the surgical removal is usually carried out by adopting an open operation, and the damage to patients is large. For instruments such as a filter, a filter screen, a bracket and the like, a capturing instrument is usually used for taking out, and the product has high price, large surgical trauma, high difficulty and long time. The device can be easily solved.
The same type of market use product represents 1: ARGON pipe is a rotatory removal of thrombus product, and its characterized in that the product contains one section S-shaped seal wire, runs through the thrombus occlusion region with S-shaped seal wire when using, breaks up the endovascular thrombus through electric drive rotatory seal wire, later through other vascular sheaths, aspiration catheter etc. with broken thrombus suction removal. The device is characterized in that the cost is high, and the device belongs to an active instrument; when in use, the thrombus occlusion area needs to be penetrated, and the clinical operation has certain difficulty; the treatment effect of the old adherent thrombus is to be evaluated; damage to the patient's blood vessel is to be confirmed.
Other products of the same market class represent 2: solitaire FR catheter is a stent thrombolysis product, and is characterized in that the product comprises a section of metal stent, when in use, the product penetrates through a thrombus occlusion area, the metal stent is pushed out, the thrombus is cut and crushed in the stent expanding process, and then the crushed thrombus is sucked and removed by means of external suction equipment. The device is characterized in that the cost is high, the thrombus occlusion area needs to be penetrated when the device is used, and the clinical operation has certain difficulty; old adherent thrombus cannot be treated. And the length of the product treatment occlusion section is limited by the length of the metal bracket, and the openable range is limited.
Currently, the market lacks forceps instruments for intravascular foreign body grasping removal. Therefore, we propose an adjustable curved thrombus foreign body forceps.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the adjustable bent thrombus foreign body forceps which are simple and easy to operate, quick and efficient, safe to use, and capable of effectively treating thrombus and vessel neoplasms in various forms and clearing foreign bodies in various vessels, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an adjustable curved thrombus foreign body forceps, comprising: a tube body; the clamp head is connected to one end of the pipe body and can be replaced according to different application scenes; the handle is connected to the other end of the pipe body and used for controlling the working state of the clamp head; the pipe body comprises a guy cable, a lubricating pipe, a pushing rod, a heat shrinkage pipe and an outer sheath pipe which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the clamp head is connected to the end part of the pushing rod; in the initial state, the forceps head and the pushing rod are arranged in the outer sheath tube and are in a natural straight state; and in the state that the outer sheath tube is retracted inwards, the pushing rod is restored to a preset angle.
Preferably, the head end of the pushing rod can form various bending angles through heat setting treatment.
Preferably, the handle includes: a housing; one side of the shell is rotationally connected with a rotating wheel, the rotating wheel is connected with the pushing rod through a transmission assembly, and the pushing rod and the clamp head can be driven to rotate when the rotating wheel rotates.
Preferably, the transmission assembly comprises a worm and a worm wheel which are meshed, the worm wheel is arranged on the pushing rod, and the worm is connected to the rotating wheel.
Preferably, the handle further comprises: a self-locking switch; the self-locking switch is connected with the inhaul cable, and can realize opening and closing of the clamp head when the self-locking switch moves in the middle section of the stroke; when the self-locking switch is positioned at the two ends of the stroke, the switch is self-locked, so that the clamp head is kept in an open or closed state; the self-locking switch can release the self-locking function when the self-locking switch is at the front and rear limit positions of the stroke.
Preferably, an upper sliding groove is formed in the top of the shell, and the self-locking switch is connected in a sliding mode in the upper sliding groove.
Preferably, the handle further comprises: a translational switch; the translation switch is connected with the outer sheath tube, and the outer sheath tube can be retracted inwards when the translation switch is adjusted.
Preferably, a lower sliding groove is formed in the top of the shell, and the translation switch is connected in a sliding mode in the lower sliding groove.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: compared with the prior art, the adjustable curved thrombus foreign body forceps provided by the invention have the following advantages:
according to the invention, the forceps heads in corresponding forms (such as a special bolt breaking type, a crocodile mouth type, a rat tooth type, a flat mouth type, a scissors clamp type, a net basket type and the like) can be selected according to different expected uses of different application scenes, after the products are pushed to the lesion sites, the outer sheath tube is retracted inwards, the push rod is restored to a preset angle, the forceps heads can be rotated, the forceps heads can be easily and accurately aligned with thrombus and foreign matters in blood vessels, the opening and closing of the forceps heads are controlled, and various actions such as rotation, grabbing, shearing and the like can be completed, so that the thrombus is removed, the foreign matters are removed, and the operation difficulty is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of an adjustable curved thrombus foreign body forceps according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pipe body according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower sliding groove of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper sliding groove of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the handle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the push rod in the inner part of the outer sheath;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram showing a state of the push rod outside the outer sheath tube.
In the figure: 1. a clamp head; 2. a tube body; 3. a handle; 4. a guy cable; 5. a lubrication tube; 6. a push rod; 7. a heat shrinkage tube; 8. an outer sheath; 9. a rotating wheel; 10. a transmission assembly; 11. a self-locking switch; 12. a translational switch; 13. a housing; 14. an upper sliding groove; 15. a lower sliding groove.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides an adjustable bent thrombus foreign body forceps which is used for crushing fresh thrombus, grabbing old thrombus with walls, stripping and hyperplasia of intima and other neoplasm tissues, grabbing intravascular foreign bodies and the like in medical units. The device has the advantages of simple principle, small structure, convenient use, safety and reliability, and can effectively treat various forms of fresh thrombus, old thrombus, organized thrombus, plaque, calcified intima and other vessel neoplasms; and various intravascular foreign bodies can be easily cleaned.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the adjustable curved thrombus foreign body forceps includes: a clamp head 1, a tube body 2 and a handle 3.
The clamp head 1 is connected to one end of the pipe body 2 and can be replaced according to different application scenes; the handle 3 is connected to the other end of the pipe body 2 and used for controlling the working state of the clamp head 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the pipe body 2 comprises a guy cable 4, a lubricating pipe 5, a push rod 6, a heat shrinkage pipe 7 and an outer sheath pipe 8 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the clamp head 1 is connected to the end part of the push rod 6; in the initial state, the clamp head 1 and the pushing rod 6 are arranged in the outer sheath tube 8 and are in a natural straight state; in the state that the outer sheath tube 8 is retracted inwards, the pushing rod 6 is restored to a preset angle.
Furthermore, the head end of the pushing rod 6 can form various bending angles, such as 90 degrees, 135 degrees, 180 degrees, etc., through heat setting treatment, and is divided into various specifications according to different bending angles.
As shown in fig. 3-7, the handle 3 is composed of a rotating wheel 9, a transmission assembly 10, a self-locking switch 11, a translation switch 12 and a shell 13.
Specifically, a rotating wheel 9 is rotatably connected to one side of the housing 13, the rotating wheel 9 is connected to the pushing rod 6 through a transmission assembly 10, and the pushing rod 6 and the clamp head 1 can be driven to rotate when the rotating wheel 9 is rotated. The transmission assembly 10 comprises a worm gear and a worm wheel, which are engaged, the worm wheel being mounted on the push rod 6, the worm gear being connected to the wheel 9.
Specifically, the self-locking switch 11 is connected with the inhaul cable 4, and can realize opening and closing of the clamp head 1 when the self-locking switch moves in the middle section of the stroke; when the self-locking switch 11 is positioned at the two ends of the stroke, the switch is self-locked, so that the clamp head 1 is kept in an open or closed state; the self-locking switch 11 can release the self-locking function when the stroke is at the front and rear limit positions. An upper sliding groove 14 is formed in the top of the shell 13, and the self-locking switch 11 is slidably connected to the inside of the upper sliding groove 14.
Specifically, the translational switch 12 is connected to the outer sheath 8, and the outer sheath 8 can be retracted inward when the translational switch 12 is adjusted. The top of the housing 13 is provided with a lower sliding groove 15, and the translation switch 12 is slidably connected inside the lower sliding groove 15.
In other embodiments, the binding clip 1 is fixedly connected with the pushing rod 6, and is designed in various forms, such as a bolt breaking special type, a crocodile type, a mouse tooth type, a flat mouth type, a scissors clamp type, a net basket type, and the like, and is divided into a plurality of models according to the expected use of different application scenes.
In other embodiments, the head end of the pushing rod 6 has good bending resistance, in the initial state, the clamp head 1 and the pushing rod 6 are in the inner part of the outer sheath tube 8, the whole product is in a natural flat state, the translational switch 12 is adjusted to enable the outer sheath tube 8 to retract inwards, and the pushing rod 6 is restored to a preset angle.
In other embodiments, the self-locking switch 11 can open and close the clamp head 1 when moving in the middle of the stroke; when the self-locking switch 11 is positioned at the two ends of the stroke, the switch is self-locked, so that the clamp head 1 is kept in an open or closed state; the self-locking switch 11 can release the self-locking function when the stroke is at the front and rear limit positions.
In other embodiments, the transmission assembly 10 is composed of a set of transmission gears, the driven wheel is fixedly connected with the pushing rod 6, and various transmission ratios are designed according to different expected uses of different application scenes, so that precise adjustment and rapid rotation are facilitated; when the rotating wheel 9 is rotated, the driven wheel drives the pushing rod 6 to rotate the clamp head 1.
In other embodiments, according to the different intended uses of different application scenarios, the clamp head 1 (such as a special bolt breaking type, an alligator type, a mouse tooth type, a flat mouth type, a cutting pliers type, a net basket type, etc.) is selected, after the product is pushed to the lesion site, the translation switch 12 is comprehensively adjusted (the outer sheath tube 8 is retracted inwards, the push rod 6 is restored to a preset angle), and the rotating wheel 9 (the driven wheel drives the push rod 6 to rotate the clamp head 1), so that the clamp head 1 is easily and accurately aligned with thrombus and foreign matters in blood vessels. By adjusting the self-locking switch 11 (controlling the opening and closing of the clamp head 1), various actions such as rotation, grabbing, shearing and the like can be completed, thrombus is removed, and foreign matters are removed.
In the embodiment, the adjustable curved thrombus foreign body forceps has simple principle, small structure, convenient use, safety and reliability, and can effectively treat various forms of fresh thrombus, old thrombus, organized thrombus, plaque, calcified intima and other vessel neoplasms; and various intravascular foreign bodies can be easily cleaned. Compared with other similar products in the market, the technology is characterized in that:
the invention is different from the existing metallic stent cutting thrombus and S-shaped guide wire rotary cutting thrombus, the invention adopts the binding clip to bite and/or rotary cutting thrombus, and the effect is more direct. Meanwhile, the product does not need to penetrate through the thrombus section in clinical use, is directly occluded from the direction of the approach through the forceps head, and or rotationally crushes the thrombus until the occlusion section is opened, so that the operation difficulty is greatly reduced.
Even if the thrombus is in the face of dispersion distribution, the thrombus only needs to be broken forwards until the thrombus is completely opened.
Aiming at the vascular neoplasms such as the old thrombus, the organized thrombus, the plaque, the calcified intima and the like which adhere to the wall and the treatment of various intravascular foreign matters, the main advantages are that:
the clinic only has open operation treatment, which has great damage to the vascular resources of the patient and is unfavorable for the long-term health management of the patient.
According to the invention, only the clamp head 1 (such as a special bolt breaking type, a crocodile type, a mouse tooth type, a flat mouth type, a scissors clamp type, a net basket type and the like) with a corresponding form is selected according to different expected uses of different application scenes, after a product is pushed to a lesion part, the translation switch 12 is comprehensively adjusted (the outer sheath tube 8 is retracted inwards, the push rod 6 is restored to a preset angle), and the rotating wheel 9 (the driven wheel drives the push rod 6 to rotate the clamp head 1), so that the clamp head 1 is easily and accurately aligned with thrombus and foreign matters in a blood vessel. By adjusting the self-locking switch 11 (controlling the opening and closing of the clamp head 1), various actions such as rotation, grabbing, shearing and the like can be completed, thrombus is removed, and foreign matters are removed.
Example 2
Such as thrombus breaking treatment for common thrombus:
step 1: selecting the model specification of a clamp head 1 special for breaking bolts;
step 2: the product enters the blood vessel of a patient through the vascular sheath and other instruments, and is pushed to the lesion part under the detection of ultrasound and CT;
step 3: the translation switch 12 is adjusted to enable the outer sheath tube 8 to retract inwards, and only the clamp head 1 is completely exposed;
step 4: adjusting the self-locking switch 11 to keep the clamp head 1 in an open state;
step 5: the rotating wheel 9 is adjusted to enable the driven wheel to drive the pushing rod 6 to enable the clamp head 1 to rotate, and the clamp head 1 of the head starts to rotate to stir up thrombus.
Example 3
Treatment of adherent neoplasms and foreign matter:
step 1: according to different application scenes and different expected uses, selecting a clamp head 1 in a corresponding form, such as a special bolt breaking type, an alligator type, a mouse tooth type, a flat mouth type, a cutting clamp type, a net basket type and the like;
step 2: the product enters the blood vessel of a patient through the vascular sheath and other instruments, and is pushed to the lesion part under the detection of ultrasound and CT;
step 3: the translation switch 12 is adjusted to enable the outer sheath tube 8 to retract inwards, and the pushing rod 6 is restored to a preset angle;
step 4: the rotating wheel 9 is adjusted to enable the driven wheel to drive the pushing rod 6 to enable the clamp head 1 to rotate, and the clamp head 1 can be easily and accurately aligned with thrombus and foreign matters in a blood vessel.
Step 5: the self-locking switch 11 is adjusted to control the opening and closing of the clamp head 1, so that various actions such as rotation, grabbing, shearing and the like can be completed, thrombus is removed, and foreign matters are removed.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An adjustable curved thrombus foreign body forceps, comprising:
a tube body (2);
the clamp head (1) is connected to one end of the pipe body (2) and can be replaced according to different application scenes; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
The handle (3) is connected to the other end of the pipe body (2) and used for controlling the working state of the clamp head (1);
the pipe body (2) comprises a guy cable (4), a lubricating pipe (5), a pushing rod (6), a heat shrinkage pipe (7) and an outer sheath pipe (8) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the clamp head (1) is connected to the end part of the pushing rod (6);
in the initial state, the forceps head (1) and the pushing rod (6) are arranged in the outer sheath tube (8) and are in a natural straight state; in the state that the outer sheath tube (8) is retracted inwards, the pushing rod (6) is restored to a preset angle.
2. The pair of adjustable bent thrombus foreign body forceps according to claim 1, wherein the head end of the pushing rod (6) can form a plurality of bending angles through heat setting treatment.
3. An adjustable curved thrombi foreign body forceps according to claim 1, wherein said handle (3) comprises: a housing (13); one side of the shell (13) is rotationally connected with a rotating wheel (9), the rotating wheel (9) is connected with the pushing rod (6) through a transmission assembly (10), and the pushing rod (6) and the clamp head (1) can be driven to rotate when the rotating wheel (9) is rotated.
4. An adjustable curved thrombi foreign body forceps according to claim 3, wherein said drive assembly (10) comprises a worm and a worm wheel engaged, said worm wheel being mounted on a push rod (6), said worm being connected to said wheel (9).
5. An adjustable curved thrombi foreign body forceps as claimed in claim 3, wherein said handle (3) further comprises: a self-locking switch (11); the self-locking switch (11) is connected with the inhaul cable (4) and can realize the opening and closing of the clamp head (1) when the middle section of the travel moves; when the self-locking switch (11) is positioned at the two ends of the stroke, the switch is self-locked, so that the clamp head (1) is kept in an open or closed state; the self-locking switch (11) can release the self-locking function when the front and rear limit positions of the travel are reached.
6. The pair of adjustable curved thrombus foreign body forceps according to claim 5, wherein an upper sliding groove (14) is formed in the top of the housing (13), and the self-locking switch (11) is slidably connected to the inside of the upper sliding groove (14).
7. An adjustable curved thrombi foreign body forceps as claimed in claim 3, wherein said handle (3) further comprises: a translational switch (12); the translation switch (12) is connected with the outer sheath tube (8), and the outer sheath tube (8) can be retracted inwards when the translation switch (12) is adjusted.
8. The pair of adjustable curved thrombus foreign body forceps according to claim 7, wherein a lower sliding groove (15) is formed in the top of the housing (13), and the translational switch (12) is slidably connected to the inside of the lower sliding groove (15).
CN202311101713.2A 2023-08-30 2023-08-30 Adjustable curved thrombus foreign matter pincers Pending CN117045331A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311101713.2A CN117045331A (en) 2023-08-30 2023-08-30 Adjustable curved thrombus foreign matter pincers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311101713.2A CN117045331A (en) 2023-08-30 2023-08-30 Adjustable curved thrombus foreign matter pincers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117045331A true CN117045331A (en) 2023-11-14

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ID=88658866

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202311101713.2A Pending CN117045331A (en) 2023-08-30 2023-08-30 Adjustable curved thrombus foreign matter pincers

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117045331A (en)

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