CN117044577A - Seedling raising method for strawberries - Google Patents
Seedling raising method for strawberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN117044577A CN117044577A CN202311126426.7A CN202311126426A CN117044577A CN 117044577 A CN117044577 A CN 117044577A CN 202311126426 A CN202311126426 A CN 202311126426A CN 117044577 A CN117044577 A CN 117044577A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 235000021012 strawberries Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 title 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 241000220223 Fragaria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000003 effect on germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011369 optimal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
Abstract
The application provides a strawberry seedling raising method, and belongs to the technical field of strawberry seed seedling raising. The strawberries are grown up without walking as follows: 1) And (3) seed taking and disinfection: picking seeds when strawberry fruits are ripe, and sterilizing after the seeds are washed cleanly; 2) Seed soaking treatment: soaking seeds in a 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning, soaking seeds in a 0.2% KNO3 solution for 6-12h, or soaking seeds in a 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning, and soaking seeds in a 0.3% KNO3 solution for 3-6h; 3) And (5) germination and culture. The scheme can greatly shorten the germination time, improve the germination uniformity and remarkably improve the germination rate of seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of seed seedling raising, and particularly relates to a rapid strawberry seed seedling raising method with short germination time, high germination rate and high seedling raising efficiency.
Background
The propagation method of the strawberries comprises four steps of stolons propagation, mother plant dividing propagation, tissue culture propagation and seed propagation. The offspring of the first three methods can keep the good properties of the female parent, and the female parent is rarely degraded, so that the method is a common seedling raising method in strawberry production. Seed propagation is often used in crossbreeding or in breeding new varieties. However, the strawberry seeds are seeds which are not easy to sprout, the seed propagation rate is low, the sprouting is slow and irregular, the seedlings are tiny, and the survival rate is low. The offspring have larger variation and can not keep the characteristics of the original variety, which brings great difficulty to scientific research. If the germination time is shortened, the germination rate and the uniformity of emergence of the seeds are improved, and the method has great significance for strawberry breeding.
The prior art has a plurality of related researches for improving the germination rate of seeds and shortening the germination time and the uniformity of the seedlings of the strawberries, such as:
the strawberry seeds in the research of shortening the cultivation time of the hybrid seedlings of the strawberries are respectively soaked in 12 percent, 21 percent and 30 percent of H2O2 solution for 2 hours and then taken out for sowing, the germination initial period of each treatment is not obviously different, and the germination rate of 12 percent of the treatments after four weeks reaches 84.7 percent; the strawberry seeds are soaked in the concentrated sulfuric acid for 10 minutes and then sowed for 15 minutes, so that the initial period is advanced, the germination speed is increased, and the germination rate is obviously improved compared with that of untreated strawberry seeds; the germination of 0.05% GA3 treated seeds was 5 days earlier than that of the control, and the germination rate of the seeds after 4 weeks was 74.3. Whereas germination of seeds with other treatments is inhibited.
Study on improving germination rate of strawberry seeds, 40d after Mingbao strawberry seeds are treated, wherein the germination rate is highest after 98% concentrated sulfuric acid treatment for 1min and reaches 85.6%; the germination rate of the 98% concentrated sulfuric acid 100 times liquid is 72%; the germination rate of 10mg/L gibberellin is 59.4%; the germination rate of the untreated control is only 18.2%; the germination rate can be the highest at 40 by combining the temperature changing treatment with the soaking of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 1min, and the effect is optimal;
in terms of germination speed, the germination speed is the fastest when 98% concentrated sulfuric acid is treated for 1min, and the germination speed reaches 45.1% at 10d and 85.6% at 40d, and is unchanged later. Although the change after 40d was small in the treatment with the 100-fold solution of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, the germination rate was only 72%. But other treatment effects are not obvious, and the germination speed is slower.
In the research on the influence factors of strawberry seed germination, the germination speed of the red-cheek strawberry seeds can be accelerated by short-time concentrated sulfuric acid treatment. After 7d of seed treatment, the germination rate of the seed treated by the concentrated sulfuric acid for 60-120s is 10.0 percent, the germination rate of the seed treated by the concentrated sulfuric acid for 200s is 20 percent, and the germination rates of other treatments are all below 5 percent. Along with the extension of seed treatment time in the range of 10-90s, the faster the sprouting, the higher the statistical sprouting rate in the same time, and the more than 60% of the treated seeds are 28d, wherein the optimal treatment is carried out by 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 90 s; with further extension of the treatment time, the germination rate may be affected;
and the strawberry seeds germinate on the 3 rd day after the cutting treatment, and the germination rate reaches the highest value on the 10 th day, and is 81%. The control seeds only began to sprout on day 10, and as time passed, seeds continued to sprout and the sprouting was irregular.
The optimal concentrations of red, tuschana, qian strawberry and Zhang Ji are 5,5 and 10mol/L gibberellin treatment can improve the germination vigor of Tuschana and Qian strawberry, and the germination vigor is increased along with the increase of gibberellin concentration within a certain range; the ultrasonic treatment has obvious inhibiting effect on the germination of strawberry seeds.
The influence of different seed soaking methods on the germination of strawberry parents and F1 generation seeds is that 12% H2O2 seed soaking starts germination in 4 d; soaking seeds in 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, and only the seeds of sweet Charles and French begins to sprout at 4 d; at 40d, the germination rate of the seeds immersed by 12% H2O2 is higher than 50%, wherein the germination rate of the 'sweet Charles' is highest and reaches 91.8%, and the germination rates of the 'sweet Charles' and the 'French' after the seeds are immersed by 98% concentrated sulfuric acid are 41.8% and 40.3%, respectively.
The effects of different medicament treatments on the germination of strawberry seeds are that the germination rates of the strawberry seeds are respectively 90.67%, 90.33%, 88%, 84.67% and 86.33% higher than CK by 27.6% after the treatment of 12% H2O2 for 1h, the treatment of 0.20% KNO3 for 12h, the treatment of 5 mg.L-1 GA3 for 24h, the treatment of 10 mg.L-1 NAA for 24h and the treatment of 0.30% KNO3 for 8 h.
From the above study, the strawberry seeds can be used for accelerating germination by skin cutting, H2O2 treatment, 98% concentrated sulfuric acid treatment, KNO3 treatment and GA3 treatment, and the effect of improving the germination rate is remarkable. The concentrated sulfuric acid is treated, so that the danger is high, and the concentrated sulfuric acid cannot be well applied. The seed is cut into partial seed coats by a surgical knife under a microscope, the operation efficiency is low, and the embryo and tissues around the embryo are easily damaged. Researchers have sought a seed treatment method that is easy to operate and that can further increase the germination rate, shorten the germination time, and increase the uniformity of germination, and are expected to make a contribution to the progress of strawberry breeding.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a quick seedling raising method for strawberry seeds, which has the advantages of short germination time, high germination rate, regular germination and easy operation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
1) And (3) seed taking and disinfection: picking seeds when strawberry fruits are ripe, and sterilizing after the seeds are washed cleanly;
2) Seed soaking treatment: soaking seeds in a 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning, soaking seeds in a 0.2% KNO3 solution for 6-12h, or soaking seeds in a 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning, and soaking seeds in a 0.3% KNO3 solution for 3-6h;
3) And (5) germination and culture.
The seed taking in the step 1) is the kneading seed taking of the net bag.
The disinfection step in the step 1) uses sodium hypochlorite solution for disinfection. The disinfectant preferably comprises 1-5% sodium hypochlorite, more preferably 2-4%; most preferably 3%; the disinfection soaking time is 20-40min; most preferably 30min.
The seed soaking treatment of the step 2): soaking seeds in a 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning, and soaking seeds in a 0.2% KNO3 solution for 6-9h; preferably, soaking seeds in a 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning, and soaking seeds in a 0.2% KNO3 solution for 9h; preferably, the seeds are soaked in a 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, then cleaned, and soaked in a 0.3% KNO3 solution for 6h.
The step 3) of germination culture, wherein seeds are placed in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper, and are placed in a constant-temperature illumination incubator at 20-30 ℃ for 8-16h in each day; preferably at a temperature of 23-28 ℃, preferably 25 ℃; preferably the illumination time is 10-14h, preferably 12h.
Advantageous effects
The inventor researches a large amount of prior art and combines actual production research and a large amount of experiments to summarize a rapid strawberry seed seedling raising method with short germination time, high germination rate and high seedling raising efficiency.
Concentrated sulfuric acid treatment has high risk, and the seeds are cut into partial seed coats by using a surgical knife under a microscope, so that the operation efficiency is low, and the embryo and surrounding tissues are easily damaged. As described above, the prior art describes that the germination time can be shortened and the germination rate can be improved by immersing seeds in H2O2, KNO3, or GA3 solution. Researchers try to verify the effects of the components by combining the components, unexpectedly find that after soaking the seeds for 1h in 12% H2O2, cleaning the seeds by using sterile distilled water, soaking the seeds in 0.2% KNO3 for 12h, germinating the seeds in 3d, and improving the germination rate to more than 80% in 23d, thereby greatly shortening the germination time and obviously improving the germination rate of the seeds. Attempts to further change the seed soaking time and concentration of KNO3 solution have found that decreasing the seed soaking time of 0.2% KNO3 solution from 12h to 6h and 9h, and increasing the seed soaking time of KNO3 solution to 0.3% further to 3h and 6h can further increase the germination rate of seeds, shorten the germination time, from which it can be seen that too long a KNO3 solution seems to have an adverse effect on germination of seeds.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The strawberry varieties to be tested are red-colored, and are seeds for natural pollination.
Picking when the fruits are fully ripe (namely, the red parts of the strawberries account for 100 percent of the whole strawberries), and kneading the net bags to pick seeds. The strawberry seeds are washed clean, sterilized for 30min by 3% sodium hypochlorite, washed clean by sterile water and dried in the shade for standby.
Different seed soaking treatments (table 1) were performed on the same batch of seeds at room temperature, each treatment was repeated 3 times, each 100 seeds were repeated, CK was sterile water soaked for 24h:
treatment 1: soaking seeds in a 12% H2O2 solution for 1h;
treatment 2: soaking seeds in 0.2% KNO3 solution for 12h;
treatment 3:5mg/LGA3 seed soaking for 24 hours;
treatment 4: seed soaking for 24 hours at 10 mg/LNAA;
treatment 5: soaking seeds in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning with sterile distilled water, and soaking seeds in 0.2% KNO3 for 12h;
treatment 6: soaking seeds in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning with sterile distilled water, and soaking seeds in 5mg/LGA3 for 24h;
treatment 7: after seed soaking in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, sterile distilled water is cleaned, and seed soaking is performed for 24h at 10 mg/LNAA.
After the treatment, the seeds are placed in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper after the cleaning by using sterile distilled water, and the culture dish is placed in a constant-temperature illumination incubator at the temperature of 25 ℃ and illuminated for 4000lx, and the illumination is carried out for 12 hours every day. During germination, the number of shoots was recorded and the bed was kept moist. And calculating the germination rate of the seeds. Germination standard: the length of the radicle or the embryo is more than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the seed.
Germination rate = (total number of germinated seeds/test seeds) ×100%
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, process 1: seed soaking with 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, germination starts at 5d, germination rate can reach 80% at 33d, and treatment 5: soaking seeds in a 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning with sterile distilled water, soaking the seeds in a 0.2% KNO3 solution for 12h, germinating the seeds in 3d, and improving the germination rate to more than 80% in 23d, wherein the germination rate of the seeds is obviously improved. The seed soaking in H2O2 solution is carried out again to carry out GA3 seed soaking and H2O2 solution seed soaking has no effective improvement.
Example 2
In the same manner as in example 1, in treatment 5: seed soaking in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, and seed soaking time and concentration of KNO3 solution were further changed based on seed soaking in 0.2% KNO3 solution for 12h, see Table 2.
Treatment 8: soaking seeds in 12% H2O2 for 1h, cleaning with sterile distilled water, and soaking seeds in 0.2% KNO3 for 3h;
treatment 9: soaking seeds in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning with sterile distilled water, and soaking seeds in 0.2% KNO3 for 6h;
treatment 10: soaking seeds in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning with sterile distilled water, and soaking seeds in 0.2% KNO3 for 9h;
treatment 11: soaking seeds in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning with sterile distilled water, and soaking seeds in 0.2% KNO3 for 12h;
treatment 12: soaking seeds in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning with sterile distilled water, and soaking seeds in 0.2% KNO3 for 15h;
treatment 13: soaking seeds in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning with sterile distilled water, and soaking seeds in 0.3% KNO3 for 3h;
treatment 14: soaking seeds in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning with sterile distilled water, and soaking seeds in 0.3% KNO3 for 6h;
treatment 15: after seed soaking in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, sterile distilled water was washed clean, and seed soaking in 0.3% KNO3 was performed for 9h.
TABLE 2
It can be seen from table 2 that decreasing the seed soaking time of 0.2% KNO3 solution to 12h and 9h, and increasing KNO3 solution to 0.3% seed soaking time further to 3h and 6h further increases the germination rate of the seeds, shortening the germination time.
In this specification, identical and similar parts of the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, the description is relatively simple for the embodiments described later, and reference is made to the description of the foregoing embodiments for relevant points.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present application should be included in the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for growing seedlings of strawberries, comprising:
1) And (3) seed taking and disinfection: picking seeds when strawberry fruits are ripe, and sterilizing after the seeds are washed cleanly;
2) Seed soaking treatment: soaking seeds in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning, soaking seeds in 0.2% KNO3 solution for 6-9h, or soaking seeds in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, cleaning, and soaking seeds in 0.3% KNO3 solution for 3-6h;
3) And (5) germination and culture.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step 2) seed soaking process: after seed soaking in 12% H2O2 solution for 1h, the seeds are cleaned and soaked in 0.2% KNO3 solution for 9h.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) is preferably performed by immersing seeds in a solution of 12% h2o2 for 1h, then cleaning the seeds, and immersing the seeds in a solution of 0.3% kno3 for 6h.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the seed taking in the step 1) is a net bag kneading seed taking.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sterilization in step 1) is performed using sodium hypochlorite solution.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) comprises germination and cultivation, placing seeds in a culture dish paved with filter paper, and placing the seeds in a constant temperature illumination incubator at 20-30 ℃ for 8-16 hours per day.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311126426.7A CN117044577A (en) | 2023-09-03 | 2023-09-03 | Seedling raising method for strawberries |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311126426.7A CN117044577A (en) | 2023-09-03 | 2023-09-03 | Seedling raising method for strawberries |
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| CN117044577A true CN117044577A (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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| CN202311126426.7A Pending CN117044577A (en) | 2023-09-03 | 2023-09-03 | Seedling raising method for strawberries |
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- 2023-09-03 CN CN202311126426.7A patent/CN117044577A/en active Pending
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