CN117025943A - Modified fuel for improving sintering technical index, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Modified fuel for improving sintering technical index, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及铁矿烧结的技术领域,具体涉及一种提高烧结技术指标的改性燃料、制备方法及应用。The invention relates to the technical field of iron ore sintering, and specifically relates to a modified fuel that improves sintering technical indicators, a preparation method and application.
背景技术Background technique
铁矿烧结工序生产所用的燃料仍以固体燃料(焦粉、无烟煤粉)为主,根据配矿结构、生产需求不同燃料粒度要求略有差别,一般为小于3mm占75%-85%。燃料一般采用对辊+四辊破碎后得到粒度合格的燃料,参与烧结配料生产。通过长期生产数据、考察、对标发现烧结厂经破碎后的烧结燃料大多存在过破碎现象,表现为小于1mm粒级占比大于50%,其中小于0.5mm粒级占比大于40%,极不利于烧结生产的稳定、烧结矿质量指标的提升以及能耗的降低。与此同时为了降低成本,含碳除尘灰在烧结工序中的应用逐渐成为常态,这进一步造成了烧结燃料中小于1mm粒级占比升高,进一步恶化了上部烧结料层的产质量指标,且细粒级燃料的热量利用率低。The fuel used in the iron ore sintering process is still mainly solid fuel (coke powder, anthracite coal powder). The fuel particle size requirements vary slightly depending on the ore blending structure and production needs, generally less than 3mm accounting for 75%-85%. The fuel is generally crushed using pairs of rollers and four rollers to obtain fuel with qualified particle size, which is then used in the production of sintering batches. Through long-term production data, inspections, and benchmarking, it was found that most of the sintered fuel after crushing in the sintering plant is over-crushed, which is manifested in that the proportion of particles smaller than 1mm accounts for more than 50%, and the proportion of particles smaller than 0.5mm accounts for more than 40%, which is extremely undesirable. It is beneficial to the stability of sintering production, improvement of sinter quality indicators and reduction of energy consumption. At the same time, in order to reduce costs, the application of carbon-containing dust removal ash in the sintering process has gradually become the norm, which has further caused an increase in the proportion of particles smaller than 1mm in the sintered fuel, further deteriorating the production and quality indicators of the upper sintered material layer, and The heat utilization efficiency of fine-grained fuel is low.
为提高烧结矿产质量指标,需实现烧结混合料、燃料的粒度偏析。经偏析布料后,上部料层燃料以细粒级为主,大颗粒燃料大多位于中下部料层。研究表明,小于1mm粒级的燃料因粒度细、比表面积大,在烧结点火抽风的高温、高氧化性气氛下发生闪燃,燃烧速度过快造成上部烧结高温保持时间短,液相生成量少或液相冷凝结晶速度快,该部分烧结矿强度下降,返矿率升高。In order to improve the quality index of sintered minerals, it is necessary to achieve particle size segregation of sintered mixture and fuel. After segregation and distribution, the fuel in the upper material layer is mainly fine-grained, and the large-particle fuel is mostly located in the middle and lower material layers. Studies have shown that fuels with particles smaller than 1 mm will flash over due to their fine particle size and large specific surface area under the high temperature and highly oxidizing atmosphere of the sintering ignition and exhaust. The excessive combustion speed will result in a short retention time of the upper sintering high temperature and a small amount of liquid phase production. Or the liquid phase condensation and crystallization speed is fast, the strength of this part of the sinter decreases, and the mineral return rate increases.
针对烧结细粒级燃料占比高不利于经济技术指标提升的问题,现有技术中中国专利CN111996367A公开了一种超细煤粉在烧结中的利用方法及烧结混合料,通过燃料筛分获取超细燃料,进一步细磨至200目以下后与部分铁矿粉混合制备成3-8mm的小球后,在与剩余烧结混合料混合后进行烧结,实现超细燃料早烧结工序中的应用。该方法需增加筛分、细磨、造球、称量以及其他配套设备等,投资、运行成本相对高。也有将破碎后的烧结燃料进行预筛分,将小于1mm粒级部分经细磨后用于高炉喷吹,但受煤粉性能、筛分效率、运输成本等影响,尚未能推广应用。In view of the problem that the high proportion of fine-grained fuel in sintering is not conducive to the improvement of economic and technical indicators, the existing Chinese patent CN111996367A discloses a method of utilizing ultra-fine coal powder in sintering and a sintering mixture. Ultra-fine coal is obtained through fuel screening. The fine fuel is further finely ground to less than 200 mesh and mixed with part of the iron ore powder to prepare 3-8mm pellets, which are then mixed with the remaining sintering mixture and then sintered to realize the application in the early sintering process of ultra-fine fuel. This method requires additional screening, fine grinding, pelletizing, weighing and other supporting equipment, and the investment and operating costs are relatively high. It is also possible to pre-screen the crushed sintered fuel, and finely grind the part with a particle size smaller than 1 mm for blast furnace injection. However, due to the influence of pulverized coal performance, screening efficiency, transportation costs, etc., it has not yet been promoted and applied.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对小于1mm粒级燃料燃烧不充分的技术问题,本发明提供一种提高烧结技术指标的改性燃料、制备方法及应用。Aiming at the technical problem of insufficient combustion of fuel with a particle size smaller than 1 mm, the present invention provides a modified fuel that improves sintering technical indicators, a preparation method and application.
第一方面,本发明提供一种提高烧结技术指标的改性燃料制备方法,具体步骤包括:In a first aspect, the present invention provides a modified fuel preparation method that improves sintering technical indicators. The specific steps include:
(1)将原始燃料破碎后进行筛分,筛选出粒径<1mm粒级燃料和>1mm粒级燃料;(1) Crush the original fuel and then screen it to screen out fuel with a particle size of <1mm and fuel with a particle size >1mm;
(2)将粒径<1mm粒级燃料、含碳固废与燃料缓燃剂充分混合得到改性燃料;燃料缓燃剂包括固体燃料缓燃剂和/或液体燃料缓燃剂,燃料缓燃剂在改性燃料中的质量占比为3%-10%。(2) Fully mix fuel with particle size <1mm, carbon-containing solid waste and fuel retardant to obtain modified fuel; fuel retardant includes solid fuel retardant and/or liquid fuel retardant, fuel retardant The mass proportion of the agent in the modified fuel is 3%-10%.
进一步的,固体燃料缓燃剂为细粒级粉末物料,包括生石灰粉、除尘灰、细磨矿粉中的任意一种或几种。Further, the solid fuel retardant is a fine-grained powder material, including any one or more of quicklime powder, dust removal ash, and finely ground mineral powder.
进一步的,液体燃料缓燃剂为焦化废水、高炉冲渣水、CMC溶液、PVA溶液中的任意一种或几种。Further, the liquid fuel retardant is any one or more of coking wastewater, blast furnace slag washing water, CMC solution, and PVA solution.
进一步的,步骤(2)为将<1mm粒级燃料、含碳固废、固体燃料缓燃剂、水在强力混合机中充分混匀,水的质量占比为2%-8%;加入水可以避免加入固体燃料缓燃剂搅拌的过程中产生扬尘。Further, step (2) is to fully mix <1mm particle size fuel, carbon-containing solid waste, solid fuel retardant, and water in a powerful mixer. The mass proportion of water is 2%-8%; add water It can avoid the generation of dust during the mixing process of adding solid fuel retardant.
进一步的,步骤(2)为将<1mm粒级燃料、含碳固废和液体燃料缓燃剂在强力混合机中充分混匀。Further, step (2) is to thoroughly mix the <1mm particle size fuel, carbon-containing solid waste and liquid fuel retardant in a powerful mixer.
进一步的,步骤(2)还包括将除尘灰或生石灰与粒径<1mm粒级燃料、含碳固废与燃料缓燃剂充分混合。Further, step (2) also includes thoroughly mixing dust removal ash or quicklime with fuel with particle size <1mm, carbon-containing solid waste and fuel retardant.
第二方面,本发明提供一种采用上述改性燃料制备方法制备的改性燃料。In a second aspect, the present invention provides a modified fuel prepared by using the above modified fuel preparation method.
第三方面,本发明提供一种上述改性燃料在铁矿烧结中的应用。In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of the above-mentioned modified fuel in iron ore sintering.
进一步的,将制备的改性燃料、>1mm粒级的燃料、熔剂、混匀料、返矿混合制粒得到烧结混合料,再经布料、点火、烧结、破碎、冷却、整粒得到成品烧结矿和返矿;在布料时改性燃料铺设在上层。Further, the prepared modified fuel, >1mm particle size fuel, flux, homogeneous material, and returned ore are mixed and granulated to obtain a sintered mixture, which is then distributed, ignited, sintered, crushed, cooled, and granulated to obtain the finished product sintered Ore and return ore; modified fuel is laid on the upper layer when distributing.
本发明的有益效果在于:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1.将细粒级燃料与缓燃剂混合后,改善了燃料的燃烧性能(着火点温度上升,燃烧时间延长),从而延长了烧结上部料层的高温保持时间,上部料层烧结矿质量提升,烧结返矿率降低;1. After mixing the fine-grained fuel with the flame retardant, the combustion performance of the fuel is improved (the ignition point temperature increases and the combustion time is prolonged), thereby extending the high-temperature retention time of the upper sintered material layer and improving the sinter quality of the upper material layer. The sintering return rate is reduced;
2.提高了<1mm粒级的燃料热量利用率,有利于烧结固体燃料消耗;2. Improves the fuel heat utilization rate of <1mm particle size, which is beneficial to the consumption of sintered solid fuel;
3.以钢铁厂内部常见的固体物料或液体物料作为燃料缓燃剂,有利于减少气体污染物(NOx)的排放;3. Using common solid materials or liquid materials inside steel plants as fuel retarder will help reduce the emission of gas pollutants (NO x );
4.具有较高的经济效益和社会效益;提升了烧结经济技术指标。4. It has high economic and social benefits; it improves the economic and technical indicators of sintering.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,对于本领域普通技术人员而言,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, It is said that other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative work.
图1是本发明实施例1添加固体燃料缓燃剂的改性燃料用于烧结工艺的流程图。Figure 1 is a flow chart of the sintering process of modified fuel added with a solid fuel retardant in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图2是本发明实施例2添加液体燃料缓燃剂的改性燃料用于烧结工艺的流程图。Figure 2 is a flow chart of the sintering process of modified fuel added with liquid fuel retardant in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明中的技术方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
一种添加固体燃料缓燃剂的改性燃料用于铁矿烧结工艺,具体步骤包括:A modified fuel with added solid fuel retardant is used in the iron ore sintering process. The specific steps include:
(1)对原始燃料破碎后进行筛分,得到<1mm粒级燃料和>1mm粒径燃料,单独灌仓备用;(1) The original fuel is crushed and screened to obtain <1mm particle size fuel and >1mm particle size fuel, which are separately filled into silos for later use;
(2)将<1mm粒级燃料与生石灰和含碳固废、水在强力混合机中混合均匀得到改性燃料,其中生石灰在改性燃料中的质量占比为5%;(2) Mix <1mm particle size fuel with quicklime, carbon-containing solid waste, and water in a powerful mixer to obtain modified fuel, in which the mass proportion of quicklime in the modified fuel is 5%;
(3)将改性燃料、>1mm粒级燃料、熔剂、混匀料、返矿混匀制粒,之后进行布料、点火、烧结、破碎、冷却、整粒得到成品烧结矿和返矿。(3) Mix and granulate the modified fuel, >1mm particle size fuel, flux, homogeneous material, and returned ore, and then carry out distribution, ignition, sintering, crushing, cooling, and granulation to obtain the finished sintered ore and returned ore.
实施例2Example 2
一种添加液体燃料缓燃剂的改性燃料用于铁矿烧结工艺,具体步骤包括:A modified fuel with added liquid fuel retardant is used in the iron ore sintering process. The specific steps include:
(1)对原始燃料破碎后进行筛分,得到<1mm粒级燃料和>1mm粒径燃料,单独灌仓备用;(1) The original fuel is crushed and screened to obtain <1mm particle size fuel and >1mm particle size fuel, which are separately filled into silos for later use;
(2)将<1mm粒级燃料与高炉冲渣水、含碳固废在强力混合机中混合均匀得到改性燃料,其中高炉冲渣水在改性燃料中的质量占比为6%;(2) Mix the <1mm particle size fuel with blast furnace slag flushing water and carbon-containing solid waste in a powerful mixer to obtain modified fuel, in which the mass proportion of blast furnace slag flushing water in the modified fuel is 6%;
(3)将改性燃料、>1mm粒级燃料、熔剂、混匀料、返矿混匀制粒,之后进行布料、点火、烧结、破碎、冷却、整粒得到成品烧结矿和返矿。(3) Mix and granulate the modified fuel, >1mm particle size fuel, flux, homogeneous material, and returned ore, and then carry out distribution, ignition, sintering, crushing, cooling, and granulation to obtain the finished sintered ore and returned ore.
实施例3Example 3
一种添加固体燃料缓燃剂的改性燃料用于铁矿烧结工艺,具体步骤包括:A modified fuel with added solid fuel retardant is used in the iron ore sintering process. The specific steps include:
(1)对原始燃料破碎后进行筛分,得到<1mm粒级燃料和>1mm粒径燃料,单独灌仓备用;(1) The original fuel is crushed and screened to obtain <1mm particle size fuel and >1mm particle size fuel, which are separately filled into silos for later use;
(2)将<1mm粒级燃料与除尘灰、水、含碳固废在混合机中混合均匀得到改性燃料,其中除尘灰在改性燃料中的质量占比为3%,水在改性燃料中的质量占比为5%;(2) Mix <1mm particle size fuel with dust ash, water, and carbon-containing solid waste in a mixer to obtain modified fuel. The mass proportion of dust ash in the modified fuel is 3%, and water is in the modified fuel. The mass proportion of fuel is 5%;
(3)将改性燃料、>1mm粒级燃料、熔剂、混匀料、返矿混匀制粒,之后进行布料、点火、烧结、破碎、冷却、整粒得到成品烧结矿和返矿。(3) Mix and granulate the modified fuel, >1mm particle size fuel, flux, homogeneous material, and returned ore, and then carry out distribution, ignition, sintering, crushing, cooling, and granulation to obtain the finished sintered ore and returned ore.
实施例4Example 4
一种添加液体燃料缓燃剂的改性燃料用于铁矿烧结工艺,具体步骤包括:A modified fuel with added liquid fuel retardant is used in the iron ore sintering process. The specific steps include:
(1)对原始燃料破碎后进行筛分,得到<1mm粒级燃料和>1mm粒径燃料,单独灌仓备用;(1) The original fuel is crushed and screened to obtain <1mm particle size fuel and >1mm particle size fuel, which are separately filled into silos for later use;
(2)将<1mm粒级燃料和含碳固废与质量分数为0.5%的PVA溶液在混合机中混合均匀得到改性燃料,其中PVA溶液具有团聚作用,能够降低固体燃料的消耗,在改性燃料中的质量占比为6%;(2) Mix <1mm particle size fuel and carbon-containing solid waste with a PVA solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% in a mixer to obtain modified fuel. The PVA solution has agglomeration effect and can reduce the consumption of solid fuel. The mass proportion of sexual fuel is 6%;
(3)将改性燃料、>1mm粒级燃料、熔剂、混匀料、返矿混匀制粒,之后进行布料、点火、烧结、破碎、冷却、整粒得到成品烧结矿和返矿。(3) Mix and granulate the modified fuel, >1mm particle size fuel, flux, homogeneous material, and returned ore, and then carry out distribution, ignition, sintering, crushing, cooling, and granulation to obtain the finished sintered ore and returned ore.
对比例1Comparative example 1
将破碎后的燃料直接参与烧结配料,经混合制粒、布料、点火、烧结、破碎、冷却、整粒得到成品烧结矿和返矿。The crushed fuel is directly involved in the sintering batching, and the finished sinter and returned ore are obtained through mixing and granulation, distribution, ignition, sintering, crushing, cooling and granulation.
对比例2Comparative example 2
一种燃料在铁矿烧结工艺中的应用,具体步骤包括:The application of a fuel in the iron ore sintering process, the specific steps include:
原料破碎后不进行筛分直接加入质量占比为5%的生石灰,与熔剂、混匀料、返矿混匀制粒,之后进行布料、点火、烧结、破碎、冷却、整粒得到成品烧结矿和返矿。After the raw materials are crushed, quicklime with a mass proportion of 5% is directly added without screening, and mixed with flux, mixing material, and returned ore for granulation. Afterwards, distribution, ignition, sintering, crushing, cooling, and granulation are performed to obtain the finished sinter. and return minerals.
对比例3Comparative example 3
一种燃料在铁矿烧结工艺中的应用,具体步骤包括:The application of a fuel in the iron ore sintering process, the specific steps include:
(1)对原始燃料破碎后进行筛分,得到<1mm粒级燃料和>1mm粒径燃料,单独灌仓备用;(1) The original fuel is crushed and screened to obtain <1mm particle size fuel and >1mm particle size fuel, which are separately filled into silos for later use;
(2)将<1mm粒级燃料、熔剂、返矿和质量占比为5%的生石灰混合配料,之后与>1mm粒级燃料和烧结混合料混匀后制粒,之后进行布料、点火、烧结、破碎、冷却、整粒得到成品烧结矿和返矿。(2) Mix <1mm particle size fuel, flux, returned minerals and quicklime with a mass ratio of 5%, then mix it with >1mm particle size fuel and sintering mixture, then pelletize, and then carry out distribution, ignition and sintering. , crushing, cooling and granulation to obtain finished sinter and returned ore.
对实施例1-4和对比例1-3的烧结关键经济技术指标进行测定,结果如表1所示。The key economic and technical indicators of sintering in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
表1烧结关键经济技术指标Table 1 Key economic and technical indicators of sintering
通过实施例1-4以及对比例1-3的分析可知,通过对燃料进行筛分、<1mm粒级燃料加入燃料缓燃剂改性后参与配料,可实现固体燃料消耗的降低、烧结矿成品率的提升,与此同时,NOx的排放浓度不同程度的减小;从对比例1和对比例2可看出,烧结燃料不经筛分,直接加入燃料缓燃剂改性处理,对烧结矿固耗、成品率指标虽有所改善,但效果不明显;对比例3先将<1mm粒级的燃料与熔剂、返矿、燃料缓燃剂等混合,再和>1mm粒级的燃料和其他混合料混合制粒也会影响到铁矿烧结的经济技术指标。Through the analysis of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3, it can be seen that by screening the fuel, adding fuel retardant modification to <1mm particle size fuel and then participating in the batching, the solid fuel consumption can be reduced and the sinter finished product can be achieved. The efficiency increases, and at the same time, the emission concentration of NO Although the ore solid consumption and yield indicators have improved, the effect is not obvious; Comparative Example 3 first mixes fuel with particle size <1mm with flux, return ore, fuel retardant, etc., and then mixes fuel with particle size >1mm and The mixing and granulation of other mixtures will also affect the economic and technical indicators of iron ore sintering.
尽管通过参考附图并结合优选实施例的方式对本发明进行了详细描述,但本发明并不限于此。在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的前提下,本领域普通技术人员可以对本发明的实施例进行各种等效的修改或替换,而这些修改或替换都应在本发明的涵盖范围内/任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be within the scope of the invention/any Those skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and they should all be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
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