CN117020911B - Lamp cup shaping and polishing process and device - Google Patents
Lamp cup shaping and polishing process and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117020911B CN117020911B CN202311295960.0A CN202311295960A CN117020911B CN 117020911 B CN117020911 B CN 117020911B CN 202311295960 A CN202311295960 A CN 202311295960A CN 117020911 B CN117020911 B CN 117020911B
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000217776 Holocentridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013003 hot bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
- B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/02—Machine tools for performing different machining operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/0076—Other grinding machines or devices grinding machines comprising two or more grinding tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
Abstract
The invention relates to a lamp cup shaping and polishing process, which comprises the following processing steps: step 1, lamp cup alignment: the alignment tool is matched with a universal workpiece clamp to clamp a workpiece, the workpiece is continuously and lightly shaken manually, and alignment is carried out by matching with the measurement of a feeler gauge; step 2, punching a lamp cup: drilling a center hole by using a drill bit; step 3, lamp cup trimming: cutting the workpiece port with a cutting blade; step 4, fixing a lamp cup: mounting the hanging plate on the universal workpiece clamp again for fixing; step 5, grinding the lamp cup: controlling a diamond grinding wheel to grind; step 6, polishing a lamp cup: and installing the universal workpiece clamp and the workpiece on the triaxial polishing machine. The invention also relates to a lamp cup shaping and polishing device. According to the invention, through large-opening positioning and small-opening alignment, the center position of a workpiece can be accurately found, port trimming, inner wall grinding and polishing are carried out after the workpiece is pressed, the automation degree of polishing and the smoothness of the inner wall of the workpiece can be effectively improved by utilizing a triaxial polishing machine, and the device is suitable for processing lamp cup products with different curved surfaces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lamp cup manufacturing, in particular to a lamp cup shaping and polishing process and device.
Background
The lamp cup is connected with the lamp cap and protects the lamp wick, so that the lamp cup has a light condensing effect, and the lamp cup product is an elliptical special-shaped reflecting bowl and can be applied to the inside of an ultraviolet exposure machine.
The partial production process of the lamp cup comprises the following steps: the port of the lamp cup blank manufactured and molded through the hot bending process is uneven, and the excessive uneven part needs to be cut off, so that a lamp cup with a flush port which is conventionally seen is obtained, and then the uneven inner surface of the lamp cup is polished, and meanwhile, the requirement on polishing precision is high.
The cutting of the end opening of the lamp cup primary blank and the polishing of the inner wall are firstly clamped and fixed, and the lamp cup primary blank is approximately elliptical in shape and is not easy to clamp. And holes are drilled at the bottom of the lamp cup primary blank, so that the purpose of center alignment is that the center position is difficult to be aligned because the shape of the lamp cup primary blank is special and is not standard, and the lamp cup processing difficulty is high.
The lamp cup is a special product in the optical glass processing, few people process the lamp cup, the processing technology is different, and the problems of low surface type precision, poor finish degree, low processing efficiency, high cost, low automation degree and low universality exist in most cases.
The patent publication No. CN207326637U discloses an ellipsoidal lamp cup processing device, wherein an eccentric disc motor drives a high-speed motor to move up and down along an elliptical profiling track for lamp cup processing through a push-pull rod, and the high-speed motor is provided with a grinding wheel to grind the inner wall of the lamp cup. The single grinding form makes the effect limited, and if the grinding wheel or the polishing wheel is always attached to the inner wall of the lamp cup, the lamp cup with different shapes is required to be replaced by a track matched with the lamp cup, so that the compatibility is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that a lamp cup is difficult to clamp, the machining alignment is difficult and the polishing precision is low, and provides a lamp cup shaping and polishing process and device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the lamp cup shaping and polishing process comprises the following processing steps:
step 1, lamp cup alignment: the universal workpiece fixture with the center column is arranged on a workbench of the numerical control machine tool, a workpiece is placed in the universal workpiece fixture and keeps a distance from the center column, an alignment tool is arranged on a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool, the main shaft moves downwards, the alignment tool is matched with the universal workpiece fixture to clamp the workpiece, the workpiece is in an irregular curved surface and is not aligned yet, so that the workpiece can shake, the workpiece is continuously shaken manually, and is matched with a feeler gauge for measurement until the peripheral sides of the alignment tool are kept attached to the inner wall of the workpiece, and the workpiece is centered;
step 2, punching a lamp cup: a plurality of hanging plates are arranged on the universal workpiece clamp to hook a workpiece port, temporarily fix the workpiece, take down an alignment tool, replace a drill bit on a main shaft, drill a central hole by the drill bit after the main shaft of the numerical control machine tool runs, and after the central hole is drilled, a central sleeve is embedded between the central hole and a central column of the workpiece, so that the workpiece and the universal workpiece clamp are concentric;
step 3, lamp cup trimming: taking down the drill bit, installing a compaction tool on the center column to tightly compact the waist on the inner side of the workpiece, ensuring the workpiece to be fixed, and then taking down the hanging plate to avoid interference with subsequent workpiece port trimming; a cutting piece is arranged on the main shaft, and after the main shaft of the numerical control machine tool runs, the redundant part of the workpiece port is cut by the cutting piece until the workpiece port is flat;
step 4, fixing a lamp cup: installing a plurality of hanging plates on the universal workpiece clamp again, pressing the flat port position of the workpiece by using the hanging plates, wherein the workpiece is equivalent to being installed with the universal workpiece clamp into a whole at the moment, and then taking down the pressing tool and the center sleeve;
step 5, grinding the lamp cup: a hemispherical diamond grinding wheel is arranged on a main shaft, the main shaft drives the diamond grinding wheel to run, the running track of the diamond grinding wheel is controlled, and the inner wall of a workpiece is ground according to a standard curve;
step 6, polishing a lamp cup: after grinding, the universal workpiece clamp with a plurality of hanging plates is detached from the workbench of the numerical control machine tool, then the universal workpiece clamp is installed on the three-axis polishing machine, the inner wall of the workpiece is polished by the three-axis polishing machine, and meanwhile polishing liquid is added into the workpiece.
The lamp cup shaping and polishing device for realizing the process comprises a numerical control machine tool for shaping a workpiece, a universal workpiece clamp with a center column for installing the workpiece, a centering tool for centering the center of the workpiece, a drill bit for punching a center hole, a hanging plate for pressing a port of the workpiece, a center sleeve for positioning the center of the workpiece, a pressing tool for pressing the waist of the workpiece, a diamond grinding wheel for grinding the inner wall of the workpiece and a triaxial polishing machine for polishing the inner wall of the workpiece;
the universal workpiece clamp is arranged on a numerical control machine tool or a three-axis polishing machine, the universal workpiece clamp can be arranged on a workbench of the numerical control machine tool or the three-axis polishing machine, a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool is provided with an alignment tool or a drill bit or a diamond grinding wheel, the periphery of the alignment tool is also provided with balls, the edges of the universal workpiece clamp are provided with a plurality of hanging plates in the circumferential direction, the hanging plates can be conveniently assembled and disassembled with the universal workpiece clamp, the central sleeve is sleeved on a central column, the upper end of the central sleeve penetrates through a central hole at the bottom of a workpiece, and the compaction tool is in threaded connection with the central column;
the triaxial burnishing machine includes the base, is used for installing the electronic rotary platform of omnipotent work piece holder and is used for the polishing mechanism of work piece inner wall polishing, the base middle part sets up electronic rotary platform, it is the rotary platform that drives through the motor, and the base Zhou Cehuan is to all being equipped with three polishing mechanism, polishing mechanism and base sliding connection are convenient for adjust polishing mechanism's position.
Further, the universal workpiece clamp comprises a clamp ring frame, a central column and a limiting ring, the clamp ring frame structure can be matched with the lamp cup, the central column is arranged at the bottom center of the clamp ring frame, the central column protrudes upwards, the central column is inserted with a central sleeve, the central sleeve is a hollow cylinder, the top of the clamp ring frame is detachably provided with the limiting ring, the specification and the size of the limiting ring are replaceable, and the inner wall of the limiting ring is in rolling contact with the outer wall of the workpiece.
Further, the clamp ring frame comprises a bottom plate, a middle ring plate and a top ring plate which are sequentially arranged at intervals from bottom to top, the bottom plate is disc-shaped, a plurality of middle columns are arranged on the periphery of the middle ring plate to be connected with the bottom plate, the middle columns are used for supporting and installing the middle ring plate, the inner diameter of the middle ring plate is smaller than that of the top ring plate, a plurality of top columns are arranged on the periphery of the top ring plate to be connected with the bottom plate, the top columns are used for supporting and installing the top ring plate, and the middle columns and the top columns are arranged from inside to outside;
the center of the chassis is provided with a center column, the center column is internally provided with a threaded hole, the connection of the tool is convenient to compress, the limiting rings are arranged above the top ring plate in a laminated mode, and the annular directions of the inner walls of the limiting rings are provided with a plurality of first positioning beads which are convenient to be in rolling contact with the outer walls of the workpieces.
Further, the alignment fixture is of a T-shaped disc structure, one end of the large diameter of the alignment fixture extends into the bottom of the inner side of the workpiece, and a plurality of positioning beads II are arranged on one end of the large diameter of the alignment fixture in the radial direction, so that the alignment fixture is convenient to be in rolling contact with the inner wall of the workpiece.
Further, the link plate comprises a pressing block section which is horizontally arranged and a threaded rod section which is vertically arranged, the pressing block section and the threaded rod section are connected and combined to form an L shape, the pressing block section presses the workpiece port, and the threaded rod section is arranged on the universal workpiece clamp in a penetrating mode and is connected with a fixing nut to be locked. The hanging plate can facilitate the fixing of the workpiece in the universal workpiece holder.
Further, compress tightly frock includes round clamp plate, compression screw and gland nut, compression screw threaded connection is in the center post, after compression screw one end passes round clamp plate, connection gland nut, round clamp plate tightly supports at the inboard waist of work piece, is convenient for fix the work piece in omnipotent work piece anchor clamps.
Further, a manual screw rod sliding table is arranged between the base and each polishing mechanism for sliding connection, so that the distance between the polishing mechanism and a workpiece can be conveniently adjusted, and the polishing mechanism comprises a vertical adjusting frame with an adjusting vertical hole, a reducing motor with an eccentric rotary table, an adjusting connecting rod, an inner sliding rail, an elastic polishing wheel, a height assembly and an outer sliding rail with an inner sliding seat;
the vertical adjusting frame top sets up gear motor, eccentric carousel with it is articulated through adjusting the connecting rod between the interior rail to adjust connecting rod length adjustable, interior rail lower extreme stretches into work piece internal connection elasticity polishing wheel, adjust in the vertical hole adjustable connection altitude mixture control subassembly for the installation of outer slide rail, altitude mixture control subassembly is gone up to slide and is set up outer slide rail, outer slide rail one end is provided with and is used for interior slide rail gliding interior slide, and outer slide rail is established with the slip in interior rail combination in interior slide and is "T" shape slide rail structure, interior rail is followed interior slide seat slides.
Further, the adjusting connecting rod comprises an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder and an adjusting round rod, the upper cylinder is hinged with the eccentric turntable, the lower cylinder is hinged with the inner slide rail, the adjusting round rod is connected between the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder through threads, and then the length of the adjusting connecting rod is adjusted;
the height assembly comprises an outer sliding seat and a locking sleeve, one end of the outer sliding seat is provided with a threaded shaft, the threaded shaft penetrates through the vertical adjusting hole and is connected with the locking sleeve in a threaded mode, the outer sliding seat and the locking sleeve are matched and clamp the vertical adjusting frame, locking of the height assembly is achieved, and the outer sliding seat is sleeved on the periphery of the outer sliding rail in a sliding mode.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the universal workpiece clamp is in a shape of a lamp cup, can be mounted on a workbench of a numerical control machine tool through bolts, can be mounted on a triaxial polishing machine through bolts, and has certain universality. The bottom of the universal workpiece clamp is provided with the center column, and the center of the lamp cup can be ensured to be consistent with the center of the universal workpiece clamp by matching with the center sleeve, so that the lamp cup can be positioned after alignment. A limiting ring is detachably arranged at the top of the universal workpiece clamp and used for positioning a large opening of the lamp cup, so that the lamp cup is ensured to be coaxially arranged in the universal workpiece clamp; the number of the limiting rings is multiple, and the size and the specification are different, so that the positioning device is suitable for positioning lamp cups of different specifications.
The centering means of the lamp cup is that the centering tool with the balls stretches into the lamp cup, and gaps between the periphery of the centering tool and the inner wall of the lamp cup are measured through the feeler gauge, so that the center of the lamp cup can be found conveniently, and subsequent trimming and polishing are facilitated.
The hanging plate and the compaction tool can compact the lamp cup, so that the lamp cup is fixed in the universal workpiece clamp. The hanging plate and the compaction tool are different in working procedures, and the hanging plate or the compaction tool is selected in a targeted mode according to the difference of actual working procedures.
According to the invention, the standard elliptic curve surface of the inner wall of the lamp cup is firstly ground by the diamond grinding wheel, and then the triaxial polishing machine is used for fine polishing. Three polishing mechanisms are arranged on the triaxial polishing machine, the distance between the polishing mechanisms and the lamp cup is adjustable, and the triaxial polishing machine can adapt to polishing of lamp cups with different sizes. The eccentric turntable can drive the slide rail with the T-shaped structure to swing freely during polishing, and can adapt to the track and the distance of the curved surface of the lamp cup. The three elastic polishing wheels can be perfectly attached to the inner wall of the workpiece, can slide up and down freely along the curved surface of the inner wall of the lamp cup, and has high polishing efficiency, good smoothness of the polished inner wall of the lamp cup and improved surface type precision. The triaxial polisher is not only applicable to polishing of oval lamp cups, but also can be used for polishing spherical and aspherical workpieces, and has wide extensibility in processing products with different curved surfaces.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of step 1 of the lamp cup shaping and polishing process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of step 2 of the lamp cup shaping and polishing process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of step 3 of the lamp cup shaping and polishing process of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of step 4 of the lamp cup shaping and polishing process of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of step 5 of the lamp cup shaping and polishing process of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of step 6 of the lamp cup shaping and polishing process of the present invention, wherein the hanging plate is not shown.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a combination of a universal workpiece holder, a workpiece and an alignment fixture for a lamp cup shaping and polishing device of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a front view of fig. 7 of the lamp cup shaping and polishing device of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a top view of an alignment fixture of the lamp cup shaping and polishing device of the invention.
Fig. 10 is a front view of a hanging plate installation of the lamp cup shaping and polishing device of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a pressing tool of the lamp cup shaping and polishing device of the invention.
FIG. 12 is an isometric view of a three-axis polisher of the lamp cup reshaping polishing device of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a second perspective view of a triaxial polisher for a lamp cup shaping and polishing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a polishing mechanism of the lamp cup shaping and polishing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing an adjustable mounting of the adjusting link of the lamp cup shaping and polishing device of the present invention on the eccentric turntable.
The reference numerals in the drawings are: the device comprises a universal workpiece clamp, a 101 clamp ring frame, a 1011 chassis, a 1012 middle ring plate, a 1013 top ring plate, a 102 center column, a 103 limit ring, a 2 alignment tool, a 3 hanging plate, a 31 pressing block section, a 32 threaded rod section, a 33 fixing nut, a 4 drill bit, a 5 center hole, a 6 center sleeve, a 7 pressing tool, a 71 round pressing plate, a 72 pressing screw, a 73 pressing nut, an 8 triaxial polishing machine, an 81 base, an 82 electric rotating platform, an 83 polishing mechanism, a 9 vertical adjusting frame, a 91 adjusting vertical hole, a 10 eccentric turntable, a 11 reducing motor, a 12 adjusting connecting rod, a 121 upper cylinder, a 122 lower cylinder, a 123 adjusting round rod, a 13 inner slide rail, a 14 elastic polishing wheel, a 15 height assembly, a 151 outer slide seat, a 152 locking sleeve, a 16 inner slide seat, a 17 outer slide rail, an 18 manual screw slide table, a 19 center column, a 20 top column, a 21 positioning bead I, a 22 positioning bead II, a 23 workpiece, a 24 diamond grinding wheel, a 25 adjusting groove, a 26 adjusting bolt, a 27 locking nut and a 28 round partition plate.
Description of the embodiments
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the lamp cup shaping and polishing process comprises the following processing steps:
step 1, lamp cup alignment: the universal workpiece holder 1 with the center post 102 is installed on a workbench of a numerical control machine tool, and the position of the center post 102 is the center of the universal workpiece holder 1. The workpiece 23 is placed in the universal workpiece holder 1 and is kept at a distance from the central column 102, and the bottom of the workpiece 23 is not contacted with the central column 102, wherein the workpiece 23 is a lamp cup primary blank which is elliptical.
The alignment tool 2 is arranged on a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool, the main shaft moves downwards to enable the alignment tool 2 to extend into the workpiece 23, and then the alignment tool 2 is matched with the universal workpiece clamp 1 to clamp the workpiece 23, and the workpiece 23 is centered. The workpiece 23 is continuously shaken manually, and because the shape of the workpiece 23 is approximately elliptical, gaps are formed between the peripheral side edge of the alignment fixture 2 and the inner wall of the workpiece 23 when the workpiece 23 is shaken, and the gap is measured by matching with a feeler gauge while the workpiece 23 is shaken until the peripheral side of the alignment fixture 2 is kept attached to the inner wall of the workpiece 23, the alignment of the workpiece 23 is realized, as shown in fig. 1.
Step 2, punching a lamp cup: under the condition that the periphery of the alignment tool 2 is kept attached to the inner wall of the workpiece 23, the workpiece 23 needs to be temporarily fixed. The edges of the universal workpiece clamp 1 are provided with a plurality of hanging plates 3 to hook the ports of the workpiece 23, and the workpiece 23 is tightly pressed on the universal workpiece clamp 1 under the pressing action of the hanging plates 3, so that the workpiece 23 is temporarily fixed.
After the workpiece 23 is temporarily fixed, the alignment tool 2 is taken down, the drill bit 4 is replaced on the main shaft, after the main shaft of the numerical control machine tool runs, the drill bit 4 is used for punching the center hole 5, after punching, the center hole 5 is formed at the bottom of the workpiece 23, the center sleeve 6 is embedded between the center hole 5 of the workpiece 23 and the center column 102, and the workpiece 23 and the universal workpiece clamp 1 can be always ensured to be concentric, as shown in fig. 2.
Step 3, lamp cup trimming: after punching, the drill bit 4 is taken down, the pressing tool 7 is arranged on the center column 102 to tightly press the waist of the inner side of the workpiece 23, and then the hanging plate 3 is taken down. The hanging plate 3 is replaced by the pressing tool 7, the workpiece 23 is pressed on the universal workpiece clamp 1 by the pressing tool 7, and the hanging plate 3 is taken down to prevent interference with the shaping of irregular ports of the subsequent workpiece 23.
And (3) mounting a cutting blade on a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool, and cutting the redundant part of the port of the workpiece 23 by using the cutting blade until the port of the workpiece 23 is flat after the main shaft runs, as shown in fig. 3.
Step 4, fixing a lamp cup: after the lamp cup port is trimmed, a plurality of hanging plates 3 are installed on the universal workpiece clamp 1 again, the flat port positions of the workpiece 23 are pressed by the hanging plates 3, so that the workpiece 23 and the universal workpiece clamp 1 are installed into a whole, and then the pressing tool 7 and the center sleeve 6 are taken down, so that the center positioning of the workpiece 23 can be ensured, as shown in fig. 4.
Step 5, grinding the lamp cup: a hemispherical diamond grinding wheel 24 is arranged on a main shaft, the main shaft drives the diamond grinding wheel 24 to operate, the operation track of the diamond grinding wheel 24 is controlled, and the inner wall of a workpiece 23 is ground according to a standard curve, as shown in fig. 5. Corresponding curve grinding is performed according to the contour shape of the lamp cup preform, for example, the contour of the lamp cup preform is elliptical, the processing is performed according to a standard elliptical curve, the contour of the lamp cup preform is hemispherical, the processing is performed according to a standard hemispherical curve, and in this embodiment, the inner wall of the workpiece 23 is processed according to a standard elliptical curve.
Step 6, polishing a lamp cup: the universal workpiece holder 1 with the hanging plates 3 is detached from the workbench of the numerical control machine tool, the universal workpiece holder 1 is installed on the three-shaft polishing machine 8 on the premise that the workpiece 23 and the universal workpiece holder 1 are installed as a whole, the inner wall of the workpiece 23 is polished by the three-shaft polishing machine 8, and meanwhile, polishing liquid is added into the workpiece 23, as shown in fig. 6.
Under the process, the workpiece 23 can be aligned conveniently and accurately, the center of the workpiece 23 and the center of the universal workpiece clamp 1 can be always ensured to be consistent, the workpiece 23 and the universal workpiece clamp 1 are the same, the trimming of the port of the workpiece 23 can be ensured to be smooth and normal under the condition, and the subsequent grinding and polishing can be facilitated. The whole body can be directly arranged on the triaxial polishing machine 8, so that centering is not needed again, and the triaxial polishing machine 8 is utilized to improve polishing precision.
As shown in fig. 7 to 15, the lamp cup shaping and polishing device comprises a numerical control machine tool for shaping a workpiece 23, a universal workpiece clamp 1 with a center post 102 for installing the workpiece 23, an alignment tool 2 for centering the workpiece 23, a drill 4 for punching a center hole 5, a hanging plate 3 for pressing a port of the workpiece 23, a center sleeve 6 for positioning the center of the workpiece 23, a pressing tool 7 for pressing a waist of the workpiece 23, a diamond grinding wheel 24 for grinding an inner wall of the workpiece 23 and a triaxial polishing machine 8 for polishing the workpiece 23.
The universal workpiece clamp 1 can be provided with lamp cups with different specifications and different sizes. The universal workpiece clamp 1 is arranged on a numerical control machine tool or a triaxial polishing machine 8, namely, when the workpiece 23 is centered and the port is shaped, the universal workpiece clamp 1 and the workpiece 23 are arranged on the numerical control machine tool together; when the workpiece 23 is shaped and polished, the universal workpiece holder 1 is mounted on the triaxial polisher 8 together with the workpiece 23.
The universal workpiece holder 1 comprises a holder ring frame 101, a central column 102 and a limiting ring 103, wherein the main body of the universal workpiece holder 1 is a ring frame, and further a lamp cup can be carried in the ring frame, as shown in fig. 7 and 8.
The clamp ring frame 101 comprises a bottom plate 1011, an intermediate plate 1012 and a top plate 1013 which are sequentially arranged at intervals from bottom to top, wherein the bottom plate 1011 is disc-shaped, and a plurality of center posts 19 are arranged on the periphery of the intermediate plate 1012 to connect the bottom plate 1011, which is equivalent to supporting the intermediate plate 1012 by using the center posts 19. The inner diameter of the middle ring plate 1012 is smaller than that of the top ring plate 1013, so that the lamp cup is suitable for a shape structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, and a plurality of top columns 20 are arranged on the periphery of the top ring plate 1013 to be connected with the bottom plate 1011, which is equivalent to supporting the top ring plate 1013 by utilizing the top columns 20, and the middle columns 19 and the top columns 20 are distributed from inside to outside along the center of the bottom plate 1011.
The center column 102 is arranged at the bottom center of the clamp ring frame 101, namely, the center column 102 is arranged at the center of the chassis 1011, the center column 102 protrudes upwards, and a threaded hole is formed in the center column 102. After the workpiece 23 is punched, when the center of the workpiece 23 needs to be ensured to be fixed, a center sleeve 6 is inserted on the center post 102, namely, the center sleeve 6 is sleeved on the center post 102, the upper end of the center sleeve 6 penetrates through a center hole 5 at the bottom of the workpiece 23, and the center sleeve 6 is a hollow cylinder, so that the center of the workpiece 23 can be ensured to be consistent with the universal workpiece clamp 1.
The top of the clamp ring frame 101 is detachably provided with a limiting ring 103, namely, the limiting ring 103 is arranged above the top ring plate 1013 in a laminated manner, and the limiting ring 103 is connected with the top ring plate 1013 through bolts. The limiting ring 103 is used for positioning the large end opening of the workpiece 23, the inner wall of the limiting ring 103 is in rolling contact with the outer wall of the workpiece 23, so that the large end opening of the workpiece 23 can be positioned, a plurality of positioning beads 21 are arranged on the inner wall of the limiting ring 103 in the circumferential direction, and the limiting ring 103 can be in rolling contact with the workpiece 23.
On the basis of convenient disassembly of the limiting ring 103, the limiting ring 103 has different specifications, only the inner diameters of the limiting ring 103 are different, and then the matched limiting ring 103 can be replaced according to the workpiece 23 with the corresponding specification, so that the large opening of the workpiece 23 is positioned, and the large opening of the workpiece 23 is the position near the port of the lamp cup.
The main shaft of the numerical control machine tool is provided with an alignment tool 2 or a drill bit 4 or a diamond grinding wheel 24, and the matched tools are selected according to different working procedures. The alignment tool 2 is of a T-shaped disc structure. When the workpiece 23 is aligned, one end of the large diameter of the alignment tool 2 extends into the bottom of the inner side of the workpiece 23, balls are arranged on the periphery of the alignment tool 2 and can be in rolling contact with the inner wall of the workpiece 23, namely, a plurality of positioning beads 22 are arranged on the end of the large diameter of the alignment tool 2 in the circumferential direction. When all the second positioning beads 22 are kept in contact with the inner wall of the workpiece 23, the workpiece 23 is aligned, as shown in fig. 9.
The edge of the universal workpiece clamp 1 is provided with a plurality of hanging plates 3 in the circumferential direction, and the workpiece 23 is pressed through the hanging plates 3 so as to be fixed on the universal workpiece clamp 1. The hanging plate 3 comprises a pressing block section 31 which is horizontally arranged and a threaded rod section 32 which is vertically arranged, and the pressing block section 31 and the threaded rod section 32 are connected and combined to form an L shape, as shown in figure 10.
The pressing block section 31 presses the end opening of the workpiece 23, and the threaded rod section 32 is arranged on the universal workpiece clamp 1 in a penetrating way and is connected with the fixing nut 33 for locking. Specifically, the threaded rod section 32 passes through the stop collar 103 and the top plate 1013 and then is connected with the fixing nut 33, and during the tightening process of the fixing nut 33, the hanging plate 3 moves downward so as to press the workpiece 23 into the universal workpiece holder 1.
The pressing tool 7 is also used for pressing the workpiece 23, and in use, the pressing tool 7 is in threaded connection with the center column 102, and the pressing tool 7 comprises a round pressing plate 71, a pressing screw 72 and a pressing nut 73, as shown in fig. 11. The compression screw 72 is in threaded connection in the center column 102, one end of the compression screw 72 penetrates through the round pressing plate 71 and is connected with the compression nut 73, the round pressing plate 71 abuts against the waist of the inner side of the workpiece 23 after the compression nut 73 is screwed down, and therefore stable pressing can be formed on the workpiece 23, and the workpiece can not shake.
The three-axis polisher 8 is different from a conventional polishing apparatus in that the three-axis polisher 8 includes a base 81, an electric rotating platform 82 for mounting the universal workpiece holder 1, and a polishing mechanism 83 for polishing the inner wall of the workpiece 23 as shown in fig. 12 and 13. An electric rotating platform 82 is arranged in the middle of the base 81, so that the universal workpiece clamp 1 and the workpiece 23 can be driven to rotate together, three polishing mechanisms 83 are arranged on the circumferential side of the base 81 in a circumferential direction, the polishing mechanisms 83 are in sliding connection with the base 81, and the positions of the polishing mechanisms 83 can be adjusted according to the size of the workpiece 23.
To realize the sliding of the polishing mechanisms 83, a manual screw slider 18 is provided between the base 81 and each polishing mechanism 83 for sliding connection. The three polishing mechanisms 83 can be mutually close to or far away from each other through the manual screw rod sliding table 18, so that workpieces 23 with different specifications and sizes can be matched. The three polishing mechanisms 83 are uniformly distributed on the peripheral sides of the workpiece 23 and the universal workpiece holder 1.
The polishing mechanism 83 includes a vertical adjustment frame 9 with an adjustment vertical hole 91, a gear motor 11 with an eccentric turntable 10, an adjustment link 12, an inner slide 13, an elastic polishing wheel 14, a height assembly 15, and an outer slide 17 with an inner slide 16, as shown in fig. 14.
The top of the vertical adjusting frame 9 is provided with a gear motor 11, the gear motor 11 can drive the eccentric turntable 10 to rotate, the eccentric turntable 10 is hinged with the inner slide rail 13 through an adjusting connecting rod 12, namely, the eccentric turntable 10 drives the inner slide rail 13 to operate through the adjusting connecting rod 12. Here, the length of the adjusting link 12 is adjustable, the adjusting link 12 includes an upper cylinder 121, a lower cylinder 122 and an adjusting round rod 123, the upper cylinder 121 is hinged with the eccentric turntable 10, the lower cylinder 122 is hinged with the inner slide 13, the adjusting round rod 123 is connected between the upper cylinder 121 and the lower cylinder 122 by screw threads, and the interval between the upper cylinder 121 and the lower cylinder 122 can be changed by rotating the adjusting round rod 123.
When the adjusting connecting rod 12 is installed with the eccentric rotary disk 10, the upper cylinder 121 can move on the eccentric rotary disk 10, specifically, an adjusting groove 25 is formed in the eccentric rotary disk 10, the adjusting groove 25 penetrates through the circle center of the eccentric rotary disk 10, the section of the adjusting groove 25 is in a convex shape, and the upper cylinder 121 can be installed at any position of the adjusting groove 25, as shown in fig. 15. Here, an adjusting bolt 26 is arranged in the adjusting groove 25, one end of the adjusting bolt 26 is stepped and is connected in the adjusting groove 25 in a sliding way, the other end of the adjusting bolt 26 extends out of the adjusting groove 25 and is connected with a locking nut 27, two circular partition plates 28 are sleeved on the adjusting bolt 26, and an upper cylinder 121 is connected to the adjusting bolt 26 between the two circular partition plates 28 through a bearing.
After the locking nut 27 is screwed, the two circular partition plates 28 clamp the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring and can still rotate freely, and the fixing of the upper cylinder 121 can be realized, namely, the upper cylinder 121 can be fixed at a certain position of the adjusting groove 25. When the position of the upper cylinder 121 is to be adjusted, the lock nut 27 is loosened and the adjusting bolt 26 is moved along the adjusting groove 25.
The lower end of the inner slide rail 13 stretches into the workpiece 23 to be connected with the elastic polishing wheel 14, so that the inner slide rail can be well attached to the inner surface of the workpiece 23, and is suitable for processing curved lamp cups. After the gear motor 11 operates, the inner slide rail 13 can drive the elastic polishing wheel 14 to reciprocate up and down along the inner surface of the workpiece 23, so that polishing is performed.
Height assembly 15 is adjustably coupled within adjustment vertical bore 91, and height assembly 15 may be mounted at any height position within adjustment vertical bore 91. The height assembly 15 is used for supporting the outer slide rail 17, the height assembly 15 comprises an outer slide seat 151 and a locking sleeve 152, one end of the outer slide seat 151 is provided with a threaded shaft, the threaded shaft penetrates through the vertical adjusting hole 91 and is then connected with the locking sleeve 152 in a threaded mode, and the locking sleeve 152 is in a stepped mode. The outer slide seat 151 and the locking sleeve 152 are matched and clamped to the vertical adjusting frame 9, so that the fixing of the height assembly 15 can be realized, and when the height is required to be adjusted again, the locking sleeve 152 is loosened.
The outer sliding rail 17 is arranged on the height assembly 15 in a sliding manner, namely, the outer sliding rail 17 is arranged in the outer sliding seat 151 to slide, the outer sliding seat 151 is sleeved on the periphery of the outer sliding rail 17 in a sliding manner, one end of the outer sliding rail 17 is provided with the inner sliding seat 16 for sliding the inner sliding rail 13, and the inner sliding rail 13 slides along the inner sliding seat 16. Thus, the inner 13 and outer 17 rails cooperate to form a "T" shaped rail structure that is free to travel to accommodate the location of the resilient polishing wheel 14 on the inner surface of the workpiece 23.
The principle of the triaxial polisher 8 is as follows: the shaped workpiece 23 and the universal workpiece clamp 1 are arranged on the electric rotating platform 82, the positions of the polishing mechanism 83 are adjusted according to the size of the workpiece 23, the positions of the inner slide rail 13 and the outer slide rail 17 are adjusted, and the elastic polishing wheel 14 is arranged in the workpiece 23 and is attached to the inner wall of the workpiece 23.
The electric rotating platform 82 operates to drive the workpiece 23 and the universal workpiece clamp 1 to rotate at the same time, the gear motor 11 drives the eccentric rotary disc 10 to rotate, and the eccentric rotary disc 10 pulls the T-shaped sliding rail to move freely, so that the electric rotating platform can adapt to the track and the distance of the curved surface of the workpiece 23 and also adapt to the position of the elastic polishing wheel 14 on the workpiece 23. The elastic polishing wheels 14 are arranged on the sliding rail, the three elastic polishing wheels 14 slide up and down along the curved surface of the inner wall of the lamp cup, and the lamp cup is used as rotating power, so that the polishing process can be finished, and the polishing precision and efficiency are improved. The polishing liquid is added to the workpiece 23 continuously in the polishing process, and the polishing liquid is added circularly and reused.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so that all equivalent changes or modifications of the structure, characteristics and principles described in the claims should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The lamp cup shaping and polishing process is characterized by comprising the following processing steps of:
step 1, lamp cup alignment: the universal workpiece clamp (1) with the center column (102) is arranged on a workbench of a numerical control machine tool, a workpiece (23) is placed in the universal workpiece clamp (1) and keeps a gap with the center column (102), the main body of the universal workpiece clamp (1) is a circular ring frame, the universal workpiece clamp (1) comprises a clamp circular ring frame (101), the center column (102) and a limiting ring (103), the center column (102) is arranged at the bottom center of the clamp circular ring frame (101), the center column (102) protrudes upwards, the limiting ring (103) is detachably arranged at the top of the clamp circular ring frame (101), and the inner wall of the limiting ring (103) is in rolling contact with the outer wall of the workpiece (23);
the alignment tool (2) is arranged on the main shaft of the numerical control machine tool, the alignment tool (2) is of a T-shaped disc structure, one end of the large diameter of the alignment tool (2) extends into the bottom of the inner side of the workpiece (23), and a plurality of positioning beads (22) are arranged on one end of the large diameter of the alignment tool (2) in the radial direction; the main shaft moves downwards, the alignment fixture (2) is matched with the universal workpiece clamp (1) to clamp the workpiece (23), the workpiece (23) is continuously shaken manually, and a feeler gauge is matched for measurement until the peripheral sides of the alignment fixture (2) are kept attached to the inner wall of the workpiece (23);
step 2, punching a lamp cup: a plurality of hanging plates (3) are arranged on a universal workpiece clamp (1) to hook a port of a workpiece (23), temporarily fix the workpiece (23), take down an alignment tool (2) and replace a drill bit (4) on a main shaft, drill a center hole (5) by the drill bit (4) after the main shaft of a numerical control machine tool runs, and after the center hole is drilled, a center sleeve (6) is embedded between the center hole (5) of the workpiece (23) and a center column (102), the center column (102) is inserted with the center sleeve (6), and the center sleeve (6) is a hollow cylinder;
step 3, lamp cup trimming: taking down the drill bit (4), installing a pressing tool (7) on the central column (102) to tightly press the waist part of the inner side of the workpiece (23), and then taking down the hanging plate (3); a cutting piece is arranged on the main shaft, and after the main shaft of the numerical control machine tool runs, the redundant part of the port of the workpiece (23) is cut by the cutting piece until the port of the workpiece (23) is flat;
step 4, fixing a lamp cup: a plurality of hanging plates (3) are installed on the universal workpiece clamp (1) again, the flat port positions of the workpiece (23) are pressed by the hanging plates (3), and then the pressing tool (7) and the center sleeve (6) are taken down;
step 5, grinding the lamp cup: a hemispherical diamond grinding wheel (24) is arranged on a main shaft, the main shaft drives the diamond grinding wheel (24) to operate, the operation track of the diamond grinding wheel (24) is controlled, and the inner wall of a workpiece (23) is ground according to a standard curve;
step 6, polishing a lamp cup: after grinding, the universal workpiece clamp (1) with the hanging plates (3) is detached from the workbench of the numerical control machine tool, then the universal workpiece clamp (1) is installed on the triaxial polishing machine (8), the triaxial polishing machine (8) is utilized to polish the inner wall of the workpiece (23), and meanwhile polishing liquid is added into the workpiece (23).
2. Lamp cup shaping and polishing device for realizing the process according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising a numerical control machine tool for shaping a workpiece (23), a universal workpiece clamp (1) with a center column (102) for installing the workpiece (23), a centering tool (2) for centering the workpiece (23), a drill bit (4) for punching a center hole (5), a hanging plate (3) for pressing a port of the workpiece (23), a center sleeve (6) for positioning the center of the workpiece (23), a pressing tool (7) for pressing the waist of the workpiece (23), a diamond grinding wheel (24) for grinding the inner wall of the workpiece (23) and a triaxial polisher (8) for polishing the workpiece (23);
the universal workpiece clamp (1) is arranged on a numerical control machine tool or a triaxial polishing machine (8), a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool is provided with the alignment tool (2), a drill bit (4) or a diamond grinding wheel (24), balls are arranged on the periphery side of the alignment tool (2), a plurality of hanging plates (3) are arranged on the edge of the universal workpiece clamp (1) in the circumferential direction, a center sleeve (6) is sleeved on a center column (102), the upper end of the center sleeve (6) penetrates through a center hole (5) at the bottom of a workpiece (23), and the compaction tool (7) is in threaded connection with the center column (102);
the triaxial burnishing machine (8) include base (81), be used for installing electronic rotary platform (82) of omnipotent work piece holder (1) and be used for polishing mechanism (83) of work piece (23) inner wall polishing, base (81) middle part sets up electronic rotary platform (82), base (81) Zhou Cehuan are to all being equipped with three polishing mechanism (83), polishing mechanism (83) and base (81) sliding connection.
3. The lamp cup shaping and polishing device according to claim 2, wherein the fixture ring frame (101) comprises a bottom plate (1011), an intermediate ring plate (1012) and a top ring plate (1013) which are sequentially arranged at intervals from bottom to top, the bottom plate (1011) is disc-shaped, a plurality of intermediate posts (19) are arranged on the periphery of the intermediate ring plate (1012) to be connected with the bottom plate (1011), the inner diameter of the intermediate ring plate (1012) is smaller than that of the top ring plate (1013), a plurality of top posts (20) are arranged on the periphery of the top ring plate (1013) to be connected with the bottom plate (1011), and the intermediate posts (19) and the top posts (20) are arranged from inside to outside;
the center column (102) is arranged at the center of the chassis (1011), a threaded hole is formed in the center column (102), the limiting rings (103) are arranged above the top ring plates (1013) in a laminated mode, and a plurality of first positioning beads (21) are arranged in the annular direction of the inner wall of each limiting ring (103).
4. Lamp cup shaping and polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the hanging plate (3) comprises a pressing block section (31) which is horizontally arranged and a threaded rod section (32) which is vertically arranged, wherein the pressing block section (31) and the threaded rod section (32) are connected and combined to form an L shape, the pressing block section (31) presses a port of a workpiece (23), and the threaded rod section (32) is arranged on the universal workpiece clamp (1) in a penetrating manner and is connected with a fixing nut (33) to lock.
5. The lamp cup shaping and polishing device according to claim 2, wherein the pressing tool (7) comprises a round pressing plate (71), a pressing screw (72) and a pressing nut (73), the pressing screw (72) is in threaded connection with the central column (102), one end of the pressing screw (72) penetrates through the round pressing plate (71) and then is connected with the pressing nut (73), and the round pressing plate (71) is tightly abutted against the inner waist of the workpiece (23).
6. Lamp cup shaping and polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that a manual screw slide (18) is provided between the base (81) and each polishing mechanism (83) for sliding connection, the polishing mechanism (83) comprising a vertical adjusting rack (9) with an adjusting vertical hole (91), a reducing motor (11) with an eccentric turntable (10), an adjusting connecting rod (12), an inner slide (13), an elastic polishing wheel (14), a height assembly (15) and an outer slide (17) with an inner slide (16);
the utility model discloses a vertical adjusting rack, including vertical adjusting rack (9), gear motor (11), eccentric carousel (10) with interior slip rail (13) are articulated through adjusting connecting rod (12), interior slip rail (13) lower extreme stretches into work piece (23) internal connection elasticity polishing wheel (14), adjustable connection in adjusting vertical hole (91) altitude mixture control subassembly (15), altitude mixture control subassembly (15) go up to slide and set up outer slide rail (17), outer slide rail (17) one end is provided with and is used for interior slip rail (13) gliding interior seat (16), and outer slide rail (17) and slip are established interior slip rail (13) combination in interior slide (16) and are "T" the slide rail structure, interior slip rail (13) are followed interior slip seat (16).
7. The lamp cup shaping and polishing device according to claim 6, wherein the adjusting connecting rod (12) comprises an upper cylinder (121), a lower cylinder (122) and an adjusting round rod (123), the upper cylinder (121) is hinged with the eccentric rotary disc (10), the lower cylinder (122) is hinged with the inner sliding rail (13), and the adjusting round rod (123) is connected between the upper cylinder (121) and the lower cylinder (122) in a threaded manner;
the height assembly (15) comprises an outer sliding seat (151) and a locking sleeve (152), one end of the outer sliding seat (151) is provided with a threaded shaft, the threaded shaft penetrates through an adjusting vertical hole (91) and is connected with the locking sleeve (152) in a threaded mode, the outer sliding seat (151) and the locking sleeve (152) are matched and clamp the vertical adjusting frame (9), and the outer sliding seat (151) is sleeved on the periphery of the outer sliding rail (17) in a sliding mode.
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| CN202311295960.0A CN117020911B (en) | 2023-10-09 | 2023-10-09 | Lamp cup shaping and polishing process and device |
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| CN202311295960.0A CN117020911B (en) | 2023-10-09 | 2023-10-09 | Lamp cup shaping and polishing process and device |
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