CN117020851A - Grinding method, grinding mechanism and grinding device - Google Patents
Grinding method, grinding mechanism and grinding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117020851A CN117020851A CN202310767911.6A CN202310767911A CN117020851A CN 117020851 A CN117020851 A CN 117020851A CN 202310767911 A CN202310767911 A CN 202310767911A CN 117020851 A CN117020851 A CN 117020851A
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 436
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 77
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 abstract description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 29
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 206010014357 Electric shock Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
- B24B19/22—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H5/00—Combined machining
- B23H5/04—Electrical discharge machining combined with mechanical working
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/16—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B51/00—Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a grinding method, a grinding mechanism and a grinding device. The grinding method comprises the steps that S1, a workpiece to be ground is fixed on a grinding mechanism, and the workpiece to be ground and the grinding mechanism are respectively and electrically connected with an external power supply; s2, starting the grinding mechanism and adjusting the working state of the external power supply; step S3, after finishing grinding the workpiece to be ground: if the external power supply is in an on state, the external power supply is turned off, and then the grinding mechanism is stopped; if the external power supply is in a closed state, the external power supply is kept in the closed state, and then the grinding mechanism is stopped. The technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that: the electric spark grinding can be realized while the mechanical grinding is carried out on the workpiece to be ground by supplying power to the grinding mechanism and the workpiece to be ground, so that the grinding efficiency of the workpiece to be ground is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing of hard and brittle materials, in particular to a grinding method, a grinding mechanism and a grinding device.
Background
At present, with the rapid development of electronic technology, semiconductor technology, micro-nano technology and optical technology, the technology level of each field is rapidly improved. The high and new technology has special requirements on the electrical, optical, thermal, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and other characteristics of the device. The hard and brittle material has the excellent performances of corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, abrasion resistance and the like, and is used as a base material to play an increasingly wide role in various fields of semiconductors, aerospace, national defense and the like, thereby occupying an increasingly important position. Such materials are typically difficult to process materials due to their mechanical properties of high hardness and low fracture toughness. The grinding process is used as a main process method for forming the material, and a large amount of damages are generated on the surface and subsurface of the material in the process of processing, including surface crushing and subsurface cracking. These damages can macroscopically spread under continuous mechanical action, which can seriously lead to damage of the hard and brittle material parts. This is due to the fact that the stress created by the grinding forces during the grinding process exceeds the residual strength of the material containing the grinding damage. Incorrect selection of grinding process parameters on the one hand inhibits the grinding efficiency and on the other hand may lead to breakage of the whole material.
Taking silicon rods in hard and brittle materials as an example, the existing silicon rod grinding and pouring integrated machine in the photovoltaic industry is common mechanical grinding, clamps the silicon rods through a metal clamping block, and grinds the silicon rods by utilizing a grinding wheel, however, the grinding wheel performance has a large influence on the grinding quality and efficiency, the existing mechanical grinding cannot meet the requirements of the photovoltaic industry on the silicon rods, and the problem of low grinding quality and efficiency of the silicon rods is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention provides a grinding method, a grinding mechanism and a grinding device, wherein the grinding mechanism and a workpiece to be ground are powered to realize the combined grinding processing of mechanical grinding and electric spark grinding of the workpiece to be ground, so that the grinding quality and the grinding efficiency are improved.
The invention provides a grinding method, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, fixing a workpiece to be ground on a grinding mechanism, and respectively electrically connecting the workpiece to be ground and the grinding mechanism with an external power supply;
s2, starting the grinding mechanism to work and adjusting the working state of the external power supply;
step S3, after finishing grinding the workpiece to be ground:
if the external power supply is in an on state, the external power supply is turned off, and then the grinding mechanism is stopped;
If the external power supply is in a closed state, the state is maintained, and then the grinding mechanism is stopped. The working state of the external power supply is adjusted according to the grinding requirement of the workpiece to be ground so as to realize the mechanical grinding of a grinding mechanism of the workpiece to be ground, the electric spark grinding powered by the external power supply and the combined grinding of the mechanical grinding and the electric spark grinding.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the grinding mechanism comprises a base and a grinding wheel, the grinding wheel is rotatably arranged on the base, the grinding wheel is electrically connected with the external power supply, and the grinding wheel can grind the workpiece to be ground. The grinding wheel can mechanically grind the workpiece to be ground, and can also perform electric spark grinding on the workpiece to be ground by electrifying, so that three grinding modes of the workpiece to be ground are realized.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the negative electrode of the external power supply is electrically connected with the grinding mechanism, and the positive electrode of the external power supply is electrically connected with the workpiece to be ground. Because the workpiece to be ground forms the positive electrode of electric spark grinding, and the grinding mechanism forms the negative electrode of electric spark grinding, electrons can flow from the workpiece to be ground to the grinding mechanism in the electric spark grinding process, the consumption of the workpiece to be ground is larger in the process, the consumption of the grinding mechanism is smaller, the grinding amount of the workpiece to be ground can be effectively ensured, and meanwhile, the service life of the grinding mechanism is ensured.
In a further optimization of the technical scheme of the invention, in the step S2, the method further comprises a coarse grinding mode and a fine grinding mode:
when the grinding mechanism is in a rough grinding mode, the external power supply is turned on;
when the grinding mechanism is in the finish grinding mode, the external power supply is turned off. When coarse grinding is carried out, the cutting depth of the workpiece to be ground is large, at the moment, the workpiece to be ground can be machined in a mode of combined grinding which is carried out by mechanical grinding and electric spark grinding simultaneously, and when fine grinding is carried out, the requirement on grinding precision is high, and at the moment, only mechanical grinding is selected to ensure the grinding precision.
In a further optimization of the technical scheme of the present invention, in step S2, when the external power supply is in an on state, the method further includes:
obtaining a designed cutting depth fg of a workpiece to be ground, and comparing the designed cutting depth fg with a preset cutting depth value hc;
if fg is larger than hc, reducing the pulse gap and/or the pulse power of the external power supply, wherein the mechanical grinding is used as a main part and the electric spark grinding is used as an auxiliary part at the moment due to the large design cutting depth, so that the cutting amount of a workpiece to be ground is ensured;
if fg is less than or equal to hc, the pulse gap and/or the pulse power of the external power supply are increased, at the moment, electric spark grinding is used as the main part, sharper abrasive grain cutting edges are formed in the process of grinding the workpiece to be ground, so that smaller cutting load can be generated, and better machining precision is achieved.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the external power supply comprises a pulse power supply.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a grinding mechanism using the above grinding method, including: a base; the grinding wheel is rotatably arranged on the machine base, and an insulating structure is arranged between the grinding wheel and the machine base; the first power supply structure is arranged on the base and is electrically connected with the grinding wheel; the second power supply structure is arranged on the base and is electrically connected with the workpiece to be ground. The electric spark grinding device has the advantages that the grinding wheel and the workpiece to be ground are powered, and electric spark grinding can be realized when the workpiece to be ground is mechanically ground, so that the grinding machining efficiency of the workpiece to be ground is effectively improved, the insulation structure is utilized to realize the relative insulation between the grinding wheel and the machine base, the machine base is prevented from being electrified due to electrification of the grinding wheel, the electric shock risk in the grinding process of the workpiece to be ground is avoided, and the safety in the grinding process of the workpiece to be ground is ensured.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the first power supply structure comprises carbon brushes, the carbon brushes are arranged on the base, an insulation structure is arranged between the carbon brushes and the base, and an external power supply is electrically connected with the grinding wheel through the carbon brushes. The carbon brush keeps static relative to the base, so that the carbon brush can be reliably connected with an external power supply, the brush head of the carbon brush can be contacted with the grinding wheel to realize electric connection, and the reliable rotation of the grinding wheel and the reliable power supply of the grinding wheel are ensured.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the first power supply structure further comprises a carbon brush fixing seat, the carbon brush fixing seat is arranged on the base, part of the carbon brush is fixedly arranged on the carbon brush fixing seat, part of the carbon brush protrudes out of the carbon brush fixing seat to be in contact fit with the grinding wheel, and the insulation structure is arranged between the carbon brush fixing seat and the base. The carbon brush fixing seat is utilized to fix the carbon brush, the carbon brush is convenient to install, the insulation structure is utilized to ensure the relative insulation between the carbon brush and the machine base, and electric shock accidents caused by electrification of the machine base are avoided.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the first power supply structure further comprises an insulation fixing base, the insulation fixing base is arranged on the base, part of the carbon brushes are fixedly arranged on the insulation fixing base, part of the carbon brushes protrude out of the insulation fixing base to be in contact fit with the grinding wheel, and the insulation fixing base forms the insulation structure. The insulating fixing seat is made of insulating materials, so that the relative insulation between the carbon brush and the machine base is ensured as much as possible.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the first power supply structure comprises the roller, the roller is rotatably arranged on the base, an insulation structure is arranged between the roller and the base, the roller is in butt fit with the grinding wheel, and an external power supply is electrically connected with the grinding wheel through the roller. The roller can rotate, so that the roller synchronously rotates when the grinding wheel rotates, and the power supply to the grinding wheel is realized. Preferably, the axis of rotation of the roller is parallel to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the first power supply structure further comprises a roller seat, the roller seat is arranged on the base, the roller is rotatably arranged on the roller seat, the insulating structure is arranged between the roller seat and the base, and the roller seat is electrically connected with the external power supply. The insulation structure is utilized to realize the relative insulation between the roller and the machine base, so that the electric shock accident caused by electrification of the machine base is avoided.
According to the technical scheme, the first power supply structure further comprises an installation seat and an adjusting mechanism, the installation seat is arranged on the roller seat through the adjusting mechanism, the roller is rotatably arranged on the installation seat, and the adjusting mechanism can drive the installation seat to move relative to the roller seat. The position of the roller is regulated by the regulating mechanism, so that the roller can be regulated according to the diameter of the grinding wheel to ensure reliable power supply to the grinding wheel.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the first power supply structure further comprises a bearing, the bearing is arranged on the mounting seat, and the roller is rotatably arranged on the bearing. The roller is guaranteed to be rotatably arranged on the mounting seat through the arrangement of the bearing.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the mounting seat is provided with the air inlet channel, a space is reserved between the idler wheel and the mounting seat, one end of the air inlet channel is communicated with the space, and the other end of the air inlet channel is communicated with the air supply structure. The pressure gas is fed into the space between the roller and the mounting seat by utilizing the air inlet channel, so that the influence on the rotation reliability of the roller caused by the entering of grinding scraps generated by grinding in the process of grinding a workpiece to be ground into the space is avoided.
According to the technical scheme, the first power supply structure further comprises a roller shaft, the roller shaft is arranged on the mounting seat, the roller is arranged on the roller shaft through the bearing, a space is reserved between the roller shaft and the roller shaft, an air inlet channel is arranged on the mounting seat, one end of the air inlet channel is communicated with the space, and the other end of the air inlet channel is communicated with the air supply structure. The part of the roller shaft protrudes out of the mounting seat, the bearing sleeve is arranged on the protruding part of the roller shaft, so that the roller is convenient to mount, and the roller sleeve is arranged on the bearing and can roll.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the roller shaft is provided with the mounting disc, the bearing is arranged on the mounting disc, the roller is sleeved on the bearing, and the distance is formed between the roller and the mounting disc. The mounting plate and the roller are matched together to form a coating on the bearing, so that the entering of grinding scraps into the bearing is reduced as much as possible, and the reliable rotation of the roller is ensured.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the adjusting mechanism comprises a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the roller seat, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the mounting seat. The connecting rod can realize the rigid connection of the mounting seat and the roller seat, and meanwhile, due to the hinged arrangement of the connecting rod, the mounting seat can move relative to the roller seat, and the position adjustment of the roller is realized.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the adjusting mechanism further comprises a pre-tightening structure, the pre-tightening structure is arranged on the roller seat, the mounting seat is connected to the pre-tightening structure, and the pre-tightening structure can drive the roller to move towards the grinding wheel. The pre-tightening structure can force the roller to move towards the grinding wheel so that the roller is reliably contacted with the grinding wheel, and the reliable power supply of the grinding wheel is ensured.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the pre-tightening structure comprises a spring, one end of the spring is arranged on the roller seat, and the other end of the spring is arranged on the mounting seat. The spring always gives a pulling force to the roller mounting seat, and the pulling force can force the roller to move towards the grinding wheel, so that the reliable electric connection between the roller and the grinding wheel is ensured.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the grinding mechanism further comprises a grinding wheel shaft, the grinding wheel shaft is rotatably arranged on the base, the grinding wheel is arranged on the grinding wheel shaft, and the insulation structure is arranged between the grinding wheel shaft and the grinding wheel. The insulating structure is utilized to realize the relative insulation between the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel shaft, so that the electrification of the machine base caused by the electrification of the grinding wheel is avoided.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the grinding mechanism further comprises a locking piece, the grinding wheel is connected to the grinding wheel shaft through the locking piece, and an insulating structure is arranged at the contact position of the locking piece and the grinding wheel. The locking piece can ensure that the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel shaft are reliably fixed, and meanwhile, the insulating structure can avoid electric connection between the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel shaft.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the grinding wheel is provided with the first mounting hole, the grinding wheel shaft is provided with the second mounting hole, the locking piece is matched with the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole to realize connection of the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel shaft, and an insulating structure is arranged at the contact position of the first mounting hole and the locking piece. The relative insulation between the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel shaft can be realized by arranging the insulation structure between the first mounting hole and the locking piece, so that the electrification of the machine base is avoided.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the grinding mechanism further comprises an insulating sleeve, the insulating sleeve is arranged in the first mounting hole, and the insulating sleeve is sleeved on the locking piece. The insulating sleeve can further prevent the locking piece from being contacted with the grinding wheel, so that the grinding wheel shaft and the machine base are prevented from being electrified.
According to the technical scheme, the rotation axis of the roller is collinear with the rotation axis of the grinding wheel. The side of the roller can be well contacted and matched with the side of the grinding wheel, so that reliable power supply for the grinding wheel is realized.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the number of the first power supply structures is at least one, and all the first power supply structures are electrically connected with the grinding wheel. The number of the first power supply structures can be multiple, and all the first power supply structures are arranged near the position where the grinding wheel grinds the workpiece to be ground.
According to the technical scheme, the second power supply structure comprises a liquid supply structure, the liquid supply structure can supply carbon slurry to the workpiece to be ground, and the workpiece to be ground is electrically connected with the external power supply through the carbon slurry. The electric energy of the external power supply can charge the carbon slurry and charge the workpiece to be ground when the carbon slurry flows to the workpiece to be ground, so that electric spark grinding of the workpiece to be ground is realized.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the second power supply structure further comprises a liquid storage groove, the liquid storage groove is used for storing carbon slurry, the external power supply supplies power for the carbon slurry, and the workpiece to be ground is in contact connection with the carbon slurry, so that electric connection of the workpiece to be ground is achieved. The liquid storage tank is used for collecting the carbon slurry, so that the carbon slurry is prevented from flowing to the machine base to enable the whole grinding mechanism to be electrified, production safety is guaranteed, meanwhile, the workpiece to be ground can be soaked in the carbon slurry, and power supply reliability of the workpiece to be ground is guaranteed, so that reliability of electric spark grinding of the workpiece to be ground is guaranteed.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a grinding apparatus including the above-described grinding mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that: the electric spark grinding can be realized while the mechanical grinding is carried out on the workpiece to be ground, so that the grinding quality and efficiency of the workpiece to be ground are effectively improved;
whether the grinding mechanism carries out electric spark grinding on the workpiece to be ground or not is controlled according to preset conditions (such as a grinding mode of the grinding mechanism, etc.), so that the processing mode of the workpiece to be ground by the grinding mechanism is increased, and the processing precision is improved;
the pulse gap and/or the pulse power of an external power supply can be controlled according to preset conditions (the design cutting depth of a workpiece to be ground), so that the material removal rate, the cutting load of a grinding mechanism and the machining precision are met;
the insulation structure is used for realizing the relative insulation between the grinding wheel and the machine base, so that the machine base is prevented from being electrified due to electrification of the grinding wheel, the electric shock risk in the grinding process of the workpiece to be ground is avoided, and the safety in the grinding process of the workpiece to be ground is ensured;
the adjusting mechanism and the pre-tightening structure can ensure that the grinding wheel cannot generate dimensional accuracy change due to mechanical vibration, temperature change, humidity change and the like in the grinding process, thereby ensuring the grinding machining accuracy.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the grinding method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the grinding mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the grinding mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view at A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view at B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is another schematic view of the grinding mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another cross-sectional structure of the grinding mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the first power supply structure of the present invention when the first power supply structure is a roller and a roller seat;
fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the first power supply structure of the present invention as a roller and a roller seat.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a clamping structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a partial schematic view at C of FIG. 10;
fig. 12 is a partial schematic view at D of fig. 10.
In the drawings, like parts are designated with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.
Description of the reference numerals:
1. a base; 2. grinding wheel; 31. a carbon brush; 32. an insulating fixing seat; 4. a grinding wheel shaft; 5. a locking member; 6. an insulating spacer; 7. an insulating sleeve; 81. a roller; 82. a roller seat; 83. a mounting base; 84. an adjusting mechanism; 85. a pre-tightening structure; 86. a bearing; 87. an air intake passage; 88. a roller shaft; 89. a mounting plate; 101. a frame; 102. fixing a chuck; 103. a movable chuck; 1021. a first insulating clamping block; 1031. a second insulating clamping block; 311. a reinforcing part; 312. an insulating part; 1032. a second mounting hole; 104. a pre-tightening structure; 105. a driving device; 106. and (5) grinding the workpiece.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1-12.
The invention provides a grinding method, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, fixing a workpiece 106 to be ground on a grinding mechanism, and respectively electrically connecting the workpiece 106 to be ground and the grinding mechanism with an external power supply;
s2, starting the grinding mechanism to work and adjusting the working state of the external power supply;
step S3, after finishing grinding the workpiece 106 to be ground:
if the external power supply is in an on state, the external power supply is turned off, and then the grinding mechanism is stopped;
if the external power supply is in a closed state, the external power supply is kept in the closed state, and then the grinding mechanism is stopped. That is, the working state of the external power supply is adjusted according to the grinding requirement of the workpiece 106 to be ground, so as to realize the mechanical grinding of the grinding mechanism of the workpiece 106 to be ground, the electric spark grinding powered by the external power supply and the composite grinding of the simultaneous operation of the mechanical grinding and the electric spark grinding.
In step S2, the method further includes a coarse grinding mode and a fine grinding mode:
when the grinding mechanism is in a rough grinding mode, the external power supply is turned on;
When the grinding mechanism is in the finish grinding mode, the external power supply is turned off. When rough grinding is performed, the depth of cut of the workpiece 106 to be ground is large, at this time, machining can be performed by adopting a mode of combined grinding in which mechanical grinding and electric spark grinding are performed simultaneously, and when fine grinding is performed, the requirement on grinding precision is high, and at this time, only mechanical grinding is selected to ensure the grinding precision.
As an embodiment, the grinding mechanism includes a stand 1 and a grinding wheel 2, where the grinding wheel 2 is rotatably disposed on the stand 1, is electrically connected to the external power source, and is capable of grinding the workpiece 106 to be ground. The grinding wheel 2 can mechanically grind the workpiece 106 to be ground, and can also perform electric spark grinding on the workpiece 106 to be ground through electrification, so that three grinding modes of the workpiece 106 to be ground are realized.
The grinding mechanism further comprises a main shaft, the grinding wheel 2 is rotatably arranged on the main shaft, and the grinding wheel 2 and the main shaft are relatively insulated.
The process flow during the machining of the workpiece 106 to be ground may be:
the method comprises the steps of starting a main shaft, enabling a grinding wheel 2 to reach a set linear speed, enabling an external power supply to be on, enabling a grinding mechanism to be switched to a rough grinding mode, enabling the grinding wheel 2 to feed relative to a workpiece 106 to be ground, enabling the external power supply to be off, enabling the grinding mechanism to be switched to a finish grinding mode, enabling the grinding wheel 2 to feed relative to the workpiece 106 to be ground again, enabling the grinding wheel 2 to feed relative to the workpiece 106 to be ground, enabling the external power supply to be off, enabling the grinding mechanism to be switched to a finish grinding mode, enabling the grinding wheel 2 to feed relative to the workpiece 106 to be ground again, enabling the grinding wheel 2 to retract relative to the starting point, and finishing grinding of the workpiece 106 to be ground.
Wherein, between the external power supply being turned off and the grinding wheel 2 being fed again relative to the workpiece 106 to be ground (at this time, the grinding mechanism is in the finish grinding mode), the grinding mechanism can also be kept in the rough grinding mode to perform rough grinding again on the workpiece 106 to be ground.
The negative electrode of the external power supply is electrically connected with the grinding mechanism, and the positive electrode of the external power supply is electrically connected with the workpiece 106 to be ground. Because the workpiece 106 to be ground forms the positive electrode of electric spark grinding, and the grinding mechanism forms the negative electrode of electric spark grinding, electrons flow from the workpiece 106 to be ground to the grinding mechanism in the electric spark grinding process, the consumption of the workpiece 106 to be ground is larger in the process, the consumption of the grinding mechanism is smaller, the grinding amount of the workpiece 106 to be ground can be effectively ensured, and meanwhile, the service life of the grinding mechanism is ensured.
In step S2, when the external power supply is in an on state, the method further includes:
obtaining a design cutting depth fg of the workpiece 106 to be ground, and comparing the design cutting depth fg with a preset cutting depth value hc;
if fg is larger than hc, reducing the pulse gap and/or the pulse power of the external power supply, wherein the mechanical grinding is used as a main part and the electric spark grinding is used as an auxiliary part at the moment due to the large design cutting depth, so that the cutting amount of the workpiece 106 to be ground is ensured;
If fg is less than or equal to hc, the pulse gap and/or the pulse power of the external power supply are increased, and at this time, electric spark grinding is used as the main method, sharper abrasive grain cutting edges are formed in the process of grinding the workpiece 106 to be ground, so that smaller grinding load can be generated, and better machining precision is achieved.
Optionally, the external power source comprises a pulsed power source.
The invention also discloses a grinding mechanism applying the grinding method of the workpiece 106 to be ground, which comprises the following steps: a base 1; the grinding wheel 2 is rotatably arranged on the machine base 1, and an insulating structure is arranged between the grinding wheel 2 and the machine base 1; the first power supply structure is arranged on the machine base 1 and is electrically connected with the grinding wheel 2; the second power supply structure is arranged on the base and is electrically connected with the workpiece 106 to be ground. The electric spark grinding can be realized when the grinding wheel 2 is powered to mechanically grind the workpiece 106 to be ground, so that the grinding efficiency of the workpiece 106 to be ground is effectively improved, the insulation structure is utilized to realize the relative insulation between the grinding wheel 2 and the machine base 1, the machine base 1 is prevented from being electrified due to electrification of the grinding wheel 2, the electric shock risk in the grinding process of the workpiece 106 to be ground is avoided, and the safety in the grinding process of the workpiece 106 to be ground is ensured.
When the workpiece 106 to be ground is ground, the workpiece 106 to be ground is clamped at a set position, so that the grinding wheel 2 can grind the workpiece 106 to be ground, and the grinding wheel 2 and the workpiece 106 to be ground are electrically connected with an electric spark high-frequency power supply, so that the grinding wheel 2 can perform electric spark grinding on the workpiece 106 to be ground, thereby realizing the combined grinding of mechanical grinding and electric spark grinding of the workpiece 106 to be ground, and effectively improving the machining efficiency of the workpiece 106 to be ground.
Wherein, the insulating structure is made of materials with high strength, low thermal shrinkage and low hygroscopicity, such as polyether-ether-ketone, nylon and the like.
As an embodiment, the first power supply structure includes a carbon brush 31, the carbon brush 31 is disposed on the stand 1, an insulation structure is disposed between the carbon brush 31 and the stand 1, and an external power source is electrically connected with the grinding wheel 2 through the carbon brush 31. The carbon brush 31 is kept stationary relative to the base 1, so that the carbon brush 31 can be reliably connected with an external power supply, and the brush head of the carbon brush 31 can be in sliding friction contact with the grinding wheel 2 to realize electric connection, and the reliable rotation of the grinding wheel 2 and the reliable power supply of the grinding wheel 2 are ensured. The carbon brush is replaced according to the abrasion condition of the carbon brush 31, and the abrasion of the grinding wheel 2 can not occur because the hardness of the grinding wheel 2 is far higher than that of the carbon brush 31.
A spring is arranged in the carbon brush 31, and the spring can force the brush head of the carbon brush 31 to be in contact with the grinding wheel 2, so that the reliable power supply of the grinding wheel 2 is ensured.
The first power supply structure further comprises a carbon brush fixing seat, the carbon brush fixing seat is arranged on the machine base 1, a part of the carbon brush 31 is fixedly arranged on the carbon brush fixing seat, a part of the carbon brush 31 protrudes out of the carbon brush fixing seat to be in contact fit with the grinding wheel 2, and an insulating structure is arranged between the carbon brush fixing seat and the machine base 1. The carbon brush fixing seat is utilized to fix the carbon brush 31, the installation of the carbon brush 31 is convenient, the insulation structure is utilized to ensure the relative insulation between the carbon brush 31 and the machine base 1, and the electric shock accident caused by electrification of the machine base 1 is avoided. An insulating flange is arranged between the carbon brush fixing seat and the grinding wheel 2, and the insulating flange forms the insulating structure.
Or, the first power supply structure further includes an insulation fixing base 32, the insulation fixing base 32 is disposed on the base 1, a part of the carbon brushes 31 is fixedly disposed on the insulation fixing base 32, a part of the carbon brushes 31 protrudes out of the insulation fixing base 32 to contact with the grinding wheel 2, and the insulation fixing base 32 forms the insulation structure. The insulating holder 32 is made of insulating material, so as to ensure the relative insulation between the carbon brush 31 and the machine base 1 as much as possible. Wherein the insulating material is a material with high strength, low thermal shrinkage and low hygroscopicity, such as polyether ether ketone, nylon and the like.
In order to avoid the problem that the machine base 1 is electrified due to direct contact between the machine base 1 and the grinding wheel 2, the grinding mechanism further comprises a grinding wheel shaft 4, the grinding wheel shaft 4 is rotatably arranged on the machine base 1, the grinding wheel 2 is arranged on the grinding wheel shaft 4, the grinding wheel 2 can be driven to rotate under the rotation of the grinding wheel shaft 4 to mechanically grind a workpiece 106 to be ground, and the insulation structure is arranged between the grinding wheel shaft 4 and the grinding wheel 2. The insulating structure is utilized to realize the relative insulation between the grinding wheel 2 and the grinding wheel shaft 4, so that the problem that the machine base 1 is electrified when the grinding wheel 2 is electrified is avoided.
Specifically, the grinding mechanism further comprises a locking piece 5, the grinding wheel 2 is connected to the grinding wheel shaft 4 through the locking piece 5, and an insulating structure is arranged at the contact position of the locking piece 5 and the grinding wheel 2. The locking piece 5 can ensure that the grinding wheel 2 and the grinding wheel shaft 4 are reliably fixed, and meanwhile, the insulating structure can avoid electric connection between the grinding wheel 2 and the grinding wheel shaft 4.
As shown in the figure, the locking piece 5 is a locking bolt, a bolt cap of the locking bolt is abutted on the grinding wheel 2 through the insulating gasket 6, and threads on the locking bolt are locked and fixed with the grinding wheel shaft 4, so that locking connection between the grinding wheel 2 and the grinding wheel shaft 4 is realized.
Furthermore, a locking gasket is further arranged between the bolt cap of the locking bolt and the insulating gasket 6, so that the locking effect of the locking bolt is ensured.
For the installation of convenient retaining member 5, be provided with first mounting hole on the emery wheel 2, be provided with the second mounting hole on the emery wheel axle 4, retaining member 5 with first mounting hole with the cooperation of second mounting hole is in order to realize emery wheel 2 with the connection of emery wheel axle 4, first mounting hole with the contact position department of retaining member 5 is provided with insulation system. The relative insulation between the grinding wheel 2 and the grinding wheel shaft 4 can be realized by arranging an insulation structure between the first mounting hole and the locking piece 5, so that the electrification of the machine base 1 is avoided.
Because the first mounting hole of seting up on the emery wheel 2 has certain axial length, in order to avoid retaining member 5 because vibration etc. causes and the inner wall contact of first mounting hole in the course of the work, grinding mechanism still includes insulating sleeve 7, insulating sleeve 7 set up in the first mounting hole, just insulating sleeve 7 cover is located on the retaining member 5. The insulating sleeve 7 can further avoid the contact between the locking piece 5 and the grinding wheel 2, so that the grinding wheel shaft 4 and the machine base 1 are prevented from being electrified.
As another embodiment, the difference from the previous embodiment is that the first power supply structure includes a roller 81, the roller 81 is rotatably disposed on the stand 1, an insulating structure is disposed between the roller 81 and the stand 1, the roller 81 is in abutting engagement with the grinding wheel 2, and an external power supply is electrically connected with the grinding wheel 2 through the roller 81. The roller 81 can rotate, so that the roller 81 can synchronously rotate while the grinding wheel 2 rotates, and power supply to the grinding wheel 2 is realized.
The first power supply structure further comprises a roller seat 82, the roller seat 82 is arranged on the machine base 1, the roller 81 is rotatably arranged on the roller seat 82, the insulating structure is arranged between the roller seat 82 and the machine base 1, and the roller seat 82 is electrically connected with an external power supply. The insulation structure is used for realizing the relative insulation between the roller 81 and the machine base 1, so that the electric shock accident caused by electrification of the machine base 1 is avoided.
In order to enable the grinding mechanism to apply the grinding wheel 2 with different sizes, the first power supply structure further comprises a mounting seat 83 and an adjusting mechanism 84, the mounting seat 83 is arranged on the roller seat 82 through the adjusting mechanism 84, the roller 81 is rotatably arranged on the mounting seat 83, and the adjusting mechanism 84 can drive the mounting seat 83 to move relative to the roller seat 82. The position of the roller 81 is adjusted by the adjusting mechanism 84, so that the roller 81 can be adjusted according to the diameter of the grinding wheel 2 to ensure reliable power supply to the grinding wheel 2.
As an embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 84 includes a link, one end of which is hinged to the roller seat 82, and the other end of which is hinged to the mounting seat 83. The connecting rod can realize the rigid connection to mount pad 83 and gyro wheel seat 82, simultaneously owing to the articulated setting of connecting rod, can realize the mount pad 83 for the removal of gyro wheel seat 82, and then realize the position adjustment of gyro wheel 81.
As shown in the figure, the number of the connecting rods is four, that is, the adjusting mechanism 84 forms a four-bar mechanism, and the four-bar mechanism can ensure reliable connection between the mounting seat 83 and the machine base 1, and simultaneously realize reliable movement of the mounting seat 83 relative to the machine base 1, thereby ensuring reliable position adjustment of the roller 81.
In order to further improve the contact effect between the roller 81 and the grinding wheel 2, the adjusting mechanism 84 further includes a pre-tightening structure 85, the pre-tightening structure 85 is disposed on the roller seat 82, the mounting seat 83 is connected to the pre-tightening structure 85, and the pre-tightening structure 85 can drive the roller 81 to move toward the grinding wheel 2. The pre-tightening structure 85 can force the roller 81 to move towards the grinding wheel 2, so that the contact reliability of the roller 81 and the grinding wheel 2 is increased, and the reliable power supply of the grinding wheel 2 is ensured.
Optionally, the pre-tightening structure 85 includes a spring, one end of the spring is disposed on the roller seat 82, and the other end of the spring is disposed on the mounting seat 83. The spring always gives the roller 81 and the mounting 83 a pulling force which can force the roller 81 to move towards the grinding wheel 2, thereby ensuring a reliable electrical connection of the roller 81 and the grinding wheel 2.
The first power supply structure further includes a bearing 86, the bearing 86 is disposed on the mounting base 83, and the roller 81 is rotatably disposed on the bearing 86. The roller 81 is rotatably provided on the mount 83 by the provision of the bearing 86.
The mounting seat 83 is provided with an air inlet channel 87, a space is reserved between the roller 81 and the mounting seat 83, one end of the air inlet channel 87 is communicated with the space, and the other end of the air inlet channel is communicated with an air supply structure. Since the grinding mechanism generates grinding scraps in the process of grinding the workpiece 106 to be ground, the grinding scraps are small in size and easily enter the space to cause that the roller 81 cannot reliably rotate or the bearing 86 cannot normally work, the air inlet channel 87 is utilized to send pressure air into the space between the roller 81 and the mounting seat 83, and the pressure air can form a sealing air curtain in the space to prevent the grinding scraps generated in the grinding process of the workpiece 106 to be ground from entering the space to influence the rotation reliability of the roller 81.
The first power supply structure further comprises a roller shaft 88, the roller shaft 88 is arranged on the mounting seat 83, the roller 81 is arranged on the roller shaft 88 through the bearing 86, a space is reserved between the roller 81 and the roller shaft 88, an air inlet channel 87 is arranged on the mounting seat 83, one end of the air inlet channel 87 is communicated with the space, and the other end of the air inlet channel 87 is communicated with the air supply structure. The part of the roller shaft 88 protrudes out of the mounting seat 83, the bearing 86 is sleeved on the protruding part of the roller shaft 88 to facilitate the installation, and the roller 81 is sleeved on the bearing 86 to roll.
In order to further improve the protection effect on the bearing 86 and the roller 81, the roller shaft 88 is provided with a mounting disc 89, the bearing 86 is disposed on the mounting disc 89, the roller 81 is sleeved on the bearing 86, and the roller 81 and the mounting disc 89 form the gap therebetween. The mounting disc 89 is matched with the roller 81 together to form a coating on the bearing 86, so that the entering of grinding scraps into the bearing 86 is reduced as much as possible, and the rotation reliability of the roller 81 is ensured.
As shown in the figure, the roller 81 is provided with a groove on the side face facing the mounting seat 83, the mounting seat 83 is further provided with an end cover, the roller 81 is fixed on the end cover, the end cover can seal the groove to form a containing cavity, the bearing 86 is arranged in the containing cavity, the grinding scraps generated in the grinding process enter the bearing 86, a gap exists between the end cover and the mounting disc 89, and the air inlet channel 87 supplies air in the gap to avoid the grinding scraps from entering the space between the end cover and the mounting disc 89 and at the position of the bearing 86, so that the roller 81 is guaranteed to rotate reliably.
Preferably, the axis of rotation of the roller 81 is collinear with the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel 2. At this time, the side surface of the roller 81 can be in contact fit with the side surface of the grinding wheel 2, so that the contact area of the roller 81 and the grinding wheel 2 is increased, and at this time, the roller 81 and the grinding wheel 2 can be kept in the process of rotating, so that reliable power supply for the grinding wheel 2 is realized.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the number of the first power supply structures is at least one, and all the first power supply structures are electrically connected with the grinding wheel 2.
Preferably, the number of the first power supply structures can be multiple, and all the first power supply structures supply power to the grinding wheel 2 at the same time, so as to ensure the electric spark grinding efficiency between the grinding wheel 2 and the workpiece 106 to be ground, thereby improving the grinding efficiency of the grinding mechanism.
In order to further improve the grinding efficiency of the grinding mechanism, all the first power supply structures are arranged near the position of the grinding wheel 2 for grinding the workpiece 106 to be ground. Reducing the resistance of the grinding wheel 2 and other factors affect the electric spark grinding efficiency.
The second power supply structure includes a liquid supply structure capable of supplying carbon paste to the workpiece 106 to be ground, and the workpiece 106 to be ground is electrically connected with the external power supply through the carbon paste. The electric power of the external power source can charge the carbon slurry and charge the workpiece 106 to be ground when the carbon slurry flows to the workpiece 106 to be ground, thereby realizing electric spark grinding of the workpiece 106 to be ground.
The second power supply structure further comprises a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank is used for storing carbon slurry, the external power supply supplies power for the carbon slurry, and the workpiece 106 to be ground is in contact connection with the carbon slurry. The liquid storage tank is utilized to collect the carbon slurry, the carbon slurry is prevented from flowing to the machine base to enable the whole grinding mechanism to be electrified, production safety is guaranteed, meanwhile, the workpiece 106 to be ground can be soaked in the carbon slurry, and power supply reliability of the workpiece 106 to be ground is guaranteed, so that reliability of electric spark grinding of the workpiece 106 to be ground is guaranteed.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a grinding apparatus, including the above grinding mechanism, where the grinding apparatus further includes a clamping device, where the workpiece 106 to be ground is clamped on the clamping device, the grinding mechanism is capable of grinding the workpiece 106 to be ground, and the first power supply structure and the workpiece 106 to be ground are both electrically connected to an external power supply. The grinding wheel 2 and the workpiece 106 to be ground are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric spark high-frequency power supply by utilizing the first power supply structure, so that the grinding wheel 2 can simultaneously perform electric spark grinding in the process of mechanical grinding, and the grinding efficiency is effectively improved.
The clamping device comprises: a frame 101; a fixed collet 102, the fixed collet 102 being disposed on the frame 101; a movable chuck 103, wherein the movable chuck 103 is movably arranged on the frame 101 and can be close to or far away from the fixed chuck 102; the fixed chuck and the movable chuck are in insulating and abutting connection with a workpiece 106 to be ground. The fixed chuck and the movable chuck are in insulating butt joint with the workpiece 106 to be ground, so that the workpiece 106 to be ground can be clamped, and the clamping device can be prevented from being electrified to influence the grinding safety.
Specifically, a first insulating clamping block 1021 is disposed on the fixed chuck 102, a second insulating clamping block 1031 is disposed on the movable chuck 103, and the first insulating clamping block 1021 and the second insulating clamping block 1031 are used for being in butt fit with the workpiece 106 to be ground. The workpiece 106 to be ground is clamped by the first insulating clamping block 1021 and the second insulating clamping block 1031, so that insulating connection between the workpiece 106 to be ground and the clamping device is realized.
When the clamping device clamps the workpiece 106 to be ground, the workpiece 106 to be ground is moved between the fixed chuck 102 and the movable chuck 103 by moving the workpiece 106 to be ground or the moving frame 101, and then the movable chuck 103 is gradually moved, so that one end of the workpiece 106 to be ground is abutted on the first insulating clamping block 1021, and the other end is abutted on the second insulating clamping block 1031, thereby completing the clamping of the workpiece 106 to be ground.
The material of the first insulating clamping block 1021 is an insulating material with high strength, low thermal shrinkage and low hygroscopicity, such as ceramic, nylon or resin. The number of the first insulating clamping blocks 1021 is plural, and all the first insulating clamping blocks 1021 are uniformly distributed on the fixed clamping head 102.
The second insulating clamping block is movably arranged in the movable chuck, and at least part of the second insulating clamping block protrudes out of the movable chuck to be abutted with the workpiece 106 to be ground. The second insulating clamping block is kept to be always abutted against the workpiece 106 to be ground, so that the reduction of the clamping effect of the workpiece 106 to be ground caused by the reasons of clamping force, mechanical vibration, temperature change, humidity change and the like is avoided, the workpiece 106 to be ground is enabled to generate dimensional precision change in the grinding process, and the stability of machining precision is ensured.
The second insulating clamping block 1031 includes a reinforcing portion 311 and an insulating portion 312, the reinforcing portion 311 is movably disposed in the movable chuck 103, the insulating portion 312 is disposed on the reinforcing portion 311, and a portion of the insulating portion 312 away from the reinforcing portion 311 protrudes out of the movable chuck 103. The structural strength of the second insulating clamping block 1031 can be increased by providing the reinforcing portion 311, and the insulating portion 312 can ensure relative insulation between the movable chuck 103 and the workpiece 106 to be ground, thereby ensuring the reliability of the clamping device.
Specifically, the reinforcement portion 311 is made of a metal material to ensure structural strength of the second insulating clamping block 1031, and the insulation portion 312 is made of an insulating material with high strength, low thermal shrinkage, low hygroscopicity, such as ceramic, nylon, or resin.
As another embodiment, the second insulating clamping block 1031 may be integrally made of an insulating material having high strength, low heat shrinkage, low hygroscopicity, such as ceramic, nylon, or resin, regardless of the structural strength of the second insulating clamping block 1031.
As another embodiment, an insulating material may be coated on a portion of the second insulating clamping block 1031 for abutting against the workpiece 106 to be ground to form the insulating portion 312, achieving a relative insulating effect between the workpiece 106 to be ground and the movable chuck 103.
In order to facilitate the second insulating clamping block 1031 to be mounted on the movable chuck 103, a second mounting hole 1032 is formed in the movable chuck 103, the second insulating clamping block 1031 is disposed in the second mounting hole 1032, and at least a portion of the second insulating clamping block 1031 protrudes out of the movable chuck 103 to be abutted with the workpiece 106 to be ground. The second insulating clamping block 1031 is mounted by using the second mounting hole 1032, so that the second insulating clamping block 1031 can be reliably fixed on the movable clamp 103.
The reinforcement portion 311 is disposed in the second mounting hole 1032, the insulation portion 312 is disposed on the reinforcement portion 311, and a portion of the insulation portion 312 remote from the reinforcement portion 311 protrudes from the second mounting hole 1032. The structural strength of the second insulating clamping block 1031 can be increased by providing the reinforcing portion 311, and the insulating portion 312 can ensure relative insulation between the movable chuck 103 and the workpiece 106 to be ground, thereby ensuring the reliability of the clamping device.
As another embodiment, the movable jaw 103 is provided with a mounting groove, the second insulating clamping block 1031 may be disposed in the mounting groove, and the insulating portion 312 may protrude from the mounting groove to protrude from the movable jaw 103.
As shown in the figure, the first insulating clamping block 1021 includes a connection portion and a supporting portion, the connection portion is disposed on the fixed chuck 102, the supporting portion is connected to the connection portion, and a side surface of the connection portion abuts against the fixed chuck 102, so that the workpiece 106 to be ground is supported by the connection portion, and meanwhile, the workpiece 106 to be ground is isolated from the fixed chuck 102 by using the thickness of the connection portion, so that the reliable abutting of the workpiece 106 to be ground is ensured, and meanwhile, the workpiece 106 to be ground is prevented from being electrically connected with the fixed chuck 102.
The shape of the second insulating clamping block 1031 in the drawing is cylindrical, the second insulating clamping block 1031 and the second mounting hole 1032 are coaxially arranged, the second insulating clamping block 1031, the reinforcing portion 311 and the insulating portion 312 are coaxially arranged, a groove is formed in the reinforcing portion 311, an inner thread is formed in the inner wall of the groove, a protrusion is formed in the insulating portion 312, an outer thread is formed in the protruding wall surface, and the insulating portion 312 is fixed to the reinforcing portion 311 through threaded fit of the outer thread and the inner thread.
The shape of the second insulating clamping block 1031 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and the shape of the cross section thereof may be a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a rectangular shape, a triangular shape, or the like, and specifically may be selected according to practical situations.
The clamping device further comprises a pre-tightening structure 104, the second insulating clamping block 1031 is movably arranged in the second mounting hole 1032, the pre-tightening structure 104 is arranged in the second mounting hole 1032, the second insulating clamping block 1031 is connected to the pre-tightening structure 104, and the pre-tightening structure 104 enables the second insulating clamping block 1031 to protrude out of the movable clamping head 103. The pre-tightening structure 104 can gradually increase the extrusion force to the second insulating clamping block 1031 along with the movement of the movable clamping head 103, so that the extrusion reliability of the second insulating clamping block 1031 to the workpiece 106 to be ground is improved, the clamping reliability of the workpiece 106 to be ground is ensured, the clamping effect of the workpiece 106 to be ground is reduced due to reduction of the reasons of clamping force, mechanical vibration, temperature change, humidity change and the like, the dimensional precision change of the workpiece 106 to be ground is generated in the grinding process, and the stability of the machining precision is ensured.
Specifically, an installation platform is formed on the second insulating clamping block 1031, the pre-tightening structure 104 includes a spring, the spring is sleeved on the second insulating clamping block 1031, one end of the spring is abutted to the installation structure, and the other end of the spring is abutted to the installation platform. When the clamping device clamps the workpiece 106 to be ground, the spring is extruded to accumulate elastic force, the elastic force provides the extrusion force of the workpiece 106 to be ground for the second insulating clamping block 1031, and the extrusion force can be dynamically adjusted, so that the clamping effect of the clamping device on the workpiece 106 to be ground is ensured.
In order to further improve the movement reliability of the second insulating clamping block 1031 in the second mounting hole 1032, a sliding sleeve is disposed in the second mounting hole 1032, and the second insulating clamping block 1031 is movably disposed in the sliding sleeve. The sliding sleeve is used for reducing friction of the second insulating clamping block 1031 in the moving process, so that the damage of the second insulating clamping block 1031 and the influence of unreliable movement of the second insulating clamping block 1031 on the clamping effect of the workpiece 106 to be ground are avoided.
The clamping device further comprises a detection mechanism, the detection mechanism is arranged on the frame 101, and the detection mechanism can acquire the displacement of the second insulating clamping block 1031. When the parameters acquired by the detection mechanism indicate that the second insulating clamping block 1031 stops moving, the clamping device is indicated to finish clamping the workpiece 106 to be ground, and the movable clamping head 103 can stop approaching the fixed clamping head 102, so that automation of the clamping device is realized, meanwhile, the workpiece 106 to be ground can be prevented from being damaged due to overlarge clamping force of the clamping device to the workpiece 106 to be ground, and the quality of the workpiece 106 to be ground is ensured.
The clamping device further comprises a driving device 105, the driving device 105 is arranged on the frame 101, the movable clamp 103 is connected to the driving device 105, the driving device 105 can drive the movable clamp 103 to move to be close to or far away from the fixed clamp 102, and the driving device 105 is electrically connected with the detection mechanism. The driving device 105 drives the movable chuck 103 to move so as to clamp and release the workpiece 106 to be ground, and meanwhile, the driving device 105 can acquire data of the detection mechanism to automatically judge whether the movable chuck 103 needs to be driven continuously.
Wherein the driving device 105 may be a screw and slide block structure, the movable clamp 103 is arranged on the slide block, and the slide block can move along the screw to realize the movement of the movable clamp 103.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (19)
1. A grinding method, comprising:
step S1, fixing a workpiece (106) to be ground on a grinding mechanism, and respectively electrically connecting the workpiece (106) to be ground and the grinding mechanism with an external power supply;
s2, starting the grinding mechanism to work, and adjusting the working state of the external power supply to grind a workpiece to be ground;
step S3, after finishing grinding the workpiece (106) to be ground:
if the external power supply is in an on state, the external power supply is turned off, and then the grinding mechanism is stopped;
if the external power supply is in a closed state, the external power supply is kept in the closed state, and then the grinding mechanism is stopped.
2. The grinding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding mechanism comprises a stand (1) and a grinding wheel (2), the grinding wheel (2) being rotatably arranged on the stand (1) and being electrically connected to the external power source and being capable of grinding the workpiece (106) to be ground.
3. The grinding method according to claim 1, characterized in that a negative pole of the external power source is electrically connected to the grinding mechanism and a positive pole of the external power source is electrically connected to the workpiece (106) to be ground.
4. The grinding method according to claim 1, further comprising, in step S2, a rough grinding mode and a fine grinding mode:
when the grinding mechanism is in a rough grinding mode, the external power supply is turned on;
when the grinding mechanism is in the finish grinding mode, the external power supply is turned off.
5. The grinding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S2, when the external power source is in an on state, it further comprises:
obtaining a design cutting depth fg of a workpiece (106) to be ground, and comparing the design cutting depth fg with a preset cutting depth value hc;
if fg > hc, reducing the pulse gap and/or pulse power of the external power supply;
if fg is less than or equal to hc, the pulse gap and/or the pulse power of the external power supply are increased.
6. A grinding method according to claim 1, wherein the external power source comprises a pulsed power source.
7. A grinding mechanism applying the grinding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising:
the machine seat (1) is used for fixing a workpiece (106) to be ground;
the grinding wheel (2) is rotatably arranged on the base (1), and an insulating structure is arranged between the grinding wheel (2) and the base (1);
The first power supply structure is arranged on the base (1) and is electrically connected with the grinding wheel (2);
the second power supply structure is arranged on the base (1) and is electrically connected with the workpiece (106) to be ground.
8. The grinding mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that the first power supply structure comprises a carbon brush (31), the carbon brush (31) is arranged on the base (1) and is provided with an insulation structure with the base (1), and an external power supply is electrically connected with the grinding wheel (2) through the carbon brush (31).
9. Grinding mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that the first power supply structure comprises a roller (81), the roller (81) is rotatably arranged on the stand (1) and is provided with an insulation structure between the roller and the stand (1), the roller (81) is in butt fit with the grinding wheel (2), and an external power supply is electrically connected with the grinding wheel (2) through the roller (81).
10. The grinding mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that the first power supply structure further comprises a roller seat (82), the roller seat (82) is provided on the housing (1), the roller (81) is rotatably provided on the roller seat (82), the insulating structure is provided between the roller seat (82) and the housing (1), and the roller seat (82) is electrically connected with the external power supply.
11. The grinding mechanism of claim 10, wherein the first power supply structure further comprises a mounting seat (83) and an adjusting mechanism (84), the mounting seat (83) is disposed on the roller seat (82) through the adjusting mechanism (84), the roller (81) is rotatably disposed on the mounting seat (83), and the adjusting mechanism (84) can drive the mounting seat (83) to move relative to the roller seat (82).
12. The grinding mechanism of claim 11, wherein the adjustment mechanism (84) comprises a link having one end hinged to the roller mount (82) and the other end hinged to the mount (83).
13. The grinding mechanism of claim 12, wherein the adjustment mechanism (84) further comprises a pre-tightening structure (85), the pre-tightening structure (85) is disposed on the roller seat (82), the mounting seat (83) is connected to the pre-tightening structure (85), and the pre-tightening structure (85) can drive the roller (81) to move toward the grinding wheel (2).
14. The grinding mechanism according to claim 7, further comprising a grinding wheel spindle (4), said grinding wheel spindle (4) being rotatably arranged on said housing (1), said grinding wheel (2) being arranged on said grinding wheel spindle (4), said insulating structure being arranged between said grinding wheel spindle (4) and said grinding wheel (2).
15. Grinding mechanism according to claim 14, characterized in that it further comprises a locking member (5), said grinding wheel (2) being connected to said grinding wheel spindle (4) by means of said locking member (5), said locking member (5) being provided with an insulating structure at the contact point with said grinding wheel (2).
16. Grinding mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that the number of first power supply structures is at least one, all of which are electrically connected to the grinding wheel (2).
17. The grinding mechanism of claim 7, wherein the second power supply structure includes a liquid supply structure capable of supplying a carbon slurry to the workpiece (106) to be ground, and the workpiece (106) to be ground is electrically connected to the external power supply through the carbon slurry.
18. The grinding mechanism of claim 7 or 17, wherein the second power supply structure further comprises a reservoir for storing a carbon slurry, the external power source supplying power to the carbon slurry, the workpiece (106) to be ground being in contact with the carbon slurry.
19. A grinding apparatus characterized by applying the grinding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or comprising the grinding mechanism according to any one of claims 7 to 18.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310767911.6A CN117020851A (en) | 2023-06-27 | 2023-06-27 | Grinding method, grinding mechanism and grinding device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310767911.6A CN117020851A (en) | 2023-06-27 | 2023-06-27 | Grinding method, grinding mechanism and grinding device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117020851A true CN117020851A (en) | 2023-11-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310767911.6A Pending CN117020851A (en) | 2023-06-27 | 2023-06-27 | Grinding method, grinding mechanism and grinding device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117020851A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-27 CN CN202310767911.6A patent/CN117020851A/en active Pending
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