CN117016270A - Liquid nitrogen sowing control system of rain-increasing airplane - Google Patents
Liquid nitrogen sowing control system of rain-increasing airplane Download PDFInfo
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 436
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 223
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 218
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000011022 operating instruction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及人工增雨的领域,尤其是涉及一种增雨飞机液氮播撒控制系统。The present application relates to the field of artificial rainfall, and in particular, to a liquid nitrogen seeding control system for rainfall enhancement aircraft.
背景技术Background technique
目前人工增雨技术的使用已经越来越广泛,它可以使天气朝着人类预定的方向转变,避免或者减轻气象灾害,即在基于大气环境及云物理观测信息作为专业判据,气象人员提出催化作业的综合方案,包括催化剂类型、催化时间、催化区域等,使用空中作业设备在云层播撒催化剂,实现降水。At present, the use of artificial rainfall technology has become more and more widespread. It can make the weather change in the direction predetermined by humans and avoid or mitigate meteorological disasters. That is, based on the atmospheric environment and cloud physics observation information as professional criteria, meteorologists propose catalytic A comprehensive plan for the operation, including catalyst type, catalytic time, catalytic area, etc., uses aerial operation equipment to spread catalyst in the clouds to achieve precipitation.
冷云催化剂的应用是人工影响天气的重要技术,其原理是在温度低于0℃的冷云中投入适当数量的制冷剂或人工冰核,使冷云产生一定数量的冰晶,从而达到降水效果。冷云催化中干冰和液氮都是有效的催化剂,但干冰在飞机运输和存储方面有局限性,因此液氮在飞机增雨技术中得到广泛使用。其中液氮汽化温度低,成核率稳定,价廉易制备。由于氮气在空气中占很大比重,因此液氮是经济、绿色环保的催化剂。液氮的流量控制、实际播撒量也影响成雨进程和降水范围,而现有技术中,气象人员只能获得液氮存储罐中的余量百分比,无法实时获取准确的播撒量。The application of cold cloud catalyst is an important technology for artificial weather modification. Its principle is to put an appropriate amount of refrigerant or artificial ice nuclei into cold clouds with a temperature below 0°C, so that the cold clouds produce a certain number of ice crystals, thereby achieving the precipitation effect. . Both dry ice and liquid nitrogen are effective catalysts in cold cloud catalysis, but dry ice has limitations in aircraft transportation and storage, so liquid nitrogen is widely used in aircraft rain enhancement technology. Among them, liquid nitrogen has a low vaporization temperature, a stable nucleation rate, and is cheap and easy to prepare. Since nitrogen accounts for a large proportion of the air, liquid nitrogen is an economical, green and environmentally friendly catalyst. The flow control of liquid nitrogen and the actual spreading amount also affect the rain formation process and precipitation range. However, with the existing technology, meteorologists can only obtain the remaining percentage in the liquid nitrogen storage tank and cannot obtain the accurate spreading amount in real time.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本申请提供一种增雨飞机液氮播撒控制系统,解决了现有技术中的问题,气象人员对于实际液氮播撒情况可以及时掌握,可以根据当前区域的实际气象数据,更好地分析增雨效果。In view of this, this application provides a rain-enhancing aircraft liquid nitrogen spreading control system, which solves the problems in the existing technology. Meteorologists can grasp the actual liquid nitrogen spreading situation in a timely manner, and can better determine the actual liquid nitrogen spreading situation based on the actual meteorological data of the current area. Ground analysis of rainfall enhancement effect.
本申请提供的一种增雨飞机液氮播撒控制系统采用如下的技术方案:The rain-enhancing aircraft liquid nitrogen seeding control system provided by this application adopts the following technical solution:
一种增雨飞机液氮播撒控制系统,包括液氮罐、负责人机交互的显控计算机和液氮控制器,所述显控计算机与所述液氮控制器通过串口通信,所述液氮控制器连接多个液氮罐,液氮控制器通过传感器将液氮罐的状态数据、压力数据和余量数据上传至显控计算机;A rain-enhancing aircraft liquid nitrogen seeding control system, including a liquid nitrogen tank, a display control computer responsible for human-computer interaction, and a liquid nitrogen controller. The display control computer communicates with the liquid nitrogen controller through a serial port, and the liquid nitrogen The controller is connected to multiple liquid nitrogen tanks, and the liquid nitrogen controller uploads the status data, pressure data and residual data of the liquid nitrogen tanks to the display and control computer through sensors;
所述显控计算机向液氮控制器发送操作指令用于控制液氮控制器,所述液氮控制器接收到操作指令后控制液氮罐的播撒状态;The display and control computer sends operating instructions to the liquid nitrogen controller for controlling the liquid nitrogen controller. After receiving the operating instructions, the liquid nitrogen controller controls the spreading state of the liquid nitrogen tank;
所述显控计算机的软件配置包括负责人机交互界面的主模块和处理液氮控制器信息的液氮播撒子模块,主模块和液氮播撒子模块之间通过以太网交互,所述主模块将操作指令下发至液氮播撒子模块,所述液氮播撒子模块接收主模块的指令并传递至液氮控制器,所述液氮控制器接收到操作指令后控制液氮罐的播撒状态,并接收液氮控制器的响应并传递至主模块进行状态显示。The software configuration of the display and control computer includes a main module responsible for the human-computer interaction interface and a liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module that processes liquid nitrogen controller information. The main module and the liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module interact through Ethernet. The main module Send the operating instructions to the liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module. The liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module receives the instructions from the main module and passes them to the liquid nitrogen controller. After receiving the operating instructions, the liquid nitrogen controller controls the spreading status of the liquid nitrogen tank. , and receives the response of the liquid nitrogen controller and passes it to the main module for status display.
可选的,所述主模块的人机交互界面上显示液氮播撒平均速率随时间变化的曲线图。Optionally, the human-computer interaction interface of the main module displays a graph of the average liquid nitrogen spreading rate changing with time.
可选的,所述液氮播撒子模块结合液氮存储罐的容积、时间差和余量差计算平均播撒速率,平均速率=液位变化/液位变化时间,所述液氮播撒子模块将平均速率点反馈至主模块,并将平均速率以曲线图的形式显示在界面上。Optionally, the liquid nitrogen seeding sub-module calculates the average seeding rate by combining the volume, time difference and margin difference of the liquid nitrogen storage tank. Average rate = liquid level change/liquid level change time. The liquid nitrogen seeding sub-module will average The rate points are fed back to the main module, and the average rate is displayed on the interface in the form of a curve graph.
可选的,所述主模块的人机交互界面上显示每个液氮罐的压力值随时间变化曲线图,所述液氮播撒子模块周期性问询液氮控制器获取每个液氮罐的当前压力值,并周期性向主模块反馈每个液氮罐的压力值,所述主模块的人机交互界面以四个不同颜色的曲线直观反映各液氮罐的压力变化。Optionally, the human-computer interaction interface of the main module displays a graph of the pressure value of each liquid nitrogen tank changing with time, and the liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module periodically queries the liquid nitrogen controller to obtain the pressure of each liquid nitrogen tank. The current pressure value of each liquid nitrogen tank is periodically fed back to the main module. The human-computer interaction interface of the main module intuitively reflects the pressure changes of each liquid nitrogen tank with curves of four different colors.
可选的,所述主模块的人机交互界面有压力满足状态灯,表示当前压力能否允许实施液氮播撒,所述液氮播撒子模块周期性查询所有液氮罐的压力状态,若液氮控制器回复当前压力满足,所述液氮播撒子模块将消息上传至主模块,所述主模块的压力满足状态灯为绿色,告知气象人员可播撒液氮;若液氮控制器回复当前压力不满足,所述播撒子模块将消息上传至主模块,所述主模块的压力满足状态灯为红色,告知气象人员不可播撒液氮。Optionally, the human-computer interaction interface of the main module has a pressure satisfaction status light, indicating whether the current pressure allows liquid nitrogen seeding. The liquid nitrogen seeding sub-module periodically queries the pressure status of all liquid nitrogen tanks. If the liquid nitrogen seeding sub-module is The nitrogen controller returns that the current pressure is satisfied, and the liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module uploads the message to the main module. The pressure-satisfied status light of the main module is green, informing meteorologists that liquid nitrogen can be spread; if the liquid nitrogen controller returns that the current pressure If not, the spreading sub-module uploads the message to the main module, and the main module's pressure-satisfying status light turns red, informing the meteorological personnel that liquid nitrogen cannot be spread.
可选的,所述显控计算机后台在每次播撒作业完成后会形成播撒日志记录,该记录以年月日和主模块的启动时间命名,日志记录的具体内容包括催化剂种类、播撒时间、停止时间和播撒量。Optionally, the display and control computer background will form a sowing log record after each sowing operation is completed. The record is named after the year, month, day and the start time of the main module. The specific content of the log record includes the catalyst type, sowing time, stop Time and spreading amount.
可选的,所述主模块的人机交互界面包括液氮播撒子界面和设置维护子界面;Optionally, the human-computer interaction interface of the main module includes a liquid nitrogen spreading sub-interface and a setting and maintenance sub-interface;
所述液氮播撒子界面上显示推荐催化方案,向作业人员展示当前液氮最佳播撒速率以及当前催化等级,展示的液氮最佳播撒速率包括快、中和慢中的一种,催化等级包括优、良、中、低和无;The recommended catalytic scheme is displayed on the liquid nitrogen spreading sub-interface, showing the current best liquid nitrogen spreading rate and current catalytic level to the operator. The displayed best liquid nitrogen spreading rate includes one of fast, medium and slow, and the catalytic level Including excellent, good, medium, low and none;
所述设置维护子界面显示冷云催化条件判据配置表,气象人员在冷云催化条件判据配置表中输入不同催化等级下云粒子数浓度和冰晶数浓度的匹配比,其次再输入不同催化等级下适合的液氮播撒速率;The setting maintenance sub-interface displays the cold cloud catalytic condition criterion configuration table. Meteorologists enter the matching ratios of cloud particle number concentration and ice crystal number concentration under different catalytic levels in the cold cloud catalytic condition criterion configuration table, and then enter different catalytic conditions. Appropriate liquid nitrogen spreading rate for grade;
显控计算机获取飞机综合气象测量系统的环境温度,若大于0℃,则不适合播撒液氮,液氮播撒界面的推荐催化方案显示播撒速率0;若小于0℃,显控计算机获取云粒子数浓度和水含量,当云粒子数浓度大于0.5或水含量大于0.001时,则当前环境满足冷云条件,适合液氮播撒;当满足冷云条件时,显控计算机获取冰晶数浓度,并自动将云粒子数浓度和冰晶数浓度与气象人员输入的冷云催化条件判据配置表中的浓度信息作比较,决策出当前催化等级,催化等级和最佳播撒速率自动显示在液氮界面。The display control computer obtains the ambient temperature of the aircraft's comprehensive meteorological measurement system. If it is greater than 0°C, it is not suitable for spreading liquid nitrogen. The recommended catalytic solution for the liquid nitrogen spreading interface shows a spreading rate of 0; if it is less than 0°C, the display control computer obtains the number of cloud particles. concentration and water content. When the cloud particle number concentration is greater than 0.5 or the water content is greater than 0.001, the current environment meets the cold cloud conditions and is suitable for liquid nitrogen seeding; when the cold cloud conditions are met, the display control computer obtains the ice crystal number concentration and automatically The cloud particle number concentration and ice crystal number concentration are compared with the concentration information in the cold cloud catalytic condition criterion configuration table input by the meteorologist, and the current catalytic level is determined. The catalytic level and optimal spreading rate are automatically displayed on the liquid nitrogen interface.
综上所述,本申请包括以下有益技术效果:To sum up, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:
通过人机交互的方式控制机上液氮播撒、中止、速率;通过简单算法实时显示液氮播撒平均速率变化图表,为气象人员获取真实播撒量提供计算条件。显控计算机主模块实时显示每个液氮罐的压力值变化图表,方便气象人员掌握液氮播撒条件,分析液氮压力对增雨效果的影响。The on-board liquid nitrogen spreading, stop and rate are controlled through human-computer interaction; a simple algorithm is used to display the average liquid nitrogen spreading rate change chart in real time, providing calculation conditions for meteorologists to obtain the real spreading amount. The main module of the display and control computer displays the pressure value change chart of each liquid nitrogen tank in real time, making it easier for meteorologists to grasp the liquid nitrogen spreading conditions and analyze the impact of liquid nitrogen pressure on the rainfall enhancement effect.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.
图1为本申请增雨飞机液氮播撒控制系统的结构框图。Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of the liquid nitrogen seeding control system of the rain-enhancing aircraft of this application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细描述。The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本申请的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本申请的其他优点与功效。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。本申请还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用,在没有背离本申请的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。需说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,以下实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。The following describes the implementation of the present application through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.
要说明的是,下文描述在所附权利要求书的范围内的实施例的各种方面。应显而易见,本文中所描述的方面可体现于广泛多种形式中,且本文中所描述的任何特定结构及/或功能仅为说明性的。基于本申请,所属领域的技术人员应了解,本文中所描述的一个方面可与任何其它方面独立地实施,且可以各种方式组合这些方面中的两者或两者以上。举例来说,可使用本文中所阐述的任何数目个方面来实施设备及/或实践方法。另外,可使用除了本文中所阐述的方面中的一或多者之外的其它结构及/或功能性实施此设备及/或实践此方法。To illustrate, the following describes various aspects of embodiments that are within the scope of the appended claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is illustrative only. Based on this application, those skilled in the art will appreciate that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and that two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, apparatuses may be implemented and/or methods practiced using any number of aspects set forth herein. Additionally, such apparatus may be implemented and/or methods practiced using other structures and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
还需要说明的是,以下实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本申请的基本构想,图式中仅显示与本申请中有关的组件而非按照实际实施时的组件数目、形状及尺寸绘制,其实际实施时各组件的型态、数量及比例可为一种随意的改变,且其组件布局型态也可能更为复杂。It should also be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments are only schematically illustrating the basic concept of the present application. The drawings only show the components related to the present application and are not based on the number, shape and number of components during actual implementation. Dimension drawing, in actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout type may also be more complex.
另外,在以下描述中,提供具体细节是为了便于透彻理解实例。然而,所属领域的技术人员将理解,可在没有这些特定细节的情况下实践所述方面。Additionally, in the following description, specific details are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, one skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects may be practiced without these specific details.
本申请实施例提供一种增雨飞机液氮播撒控制系统。The embodiment of the present application provides a rain-enhancing aircraft liquid nitrogen seeding control system.
如图1所示,一种增雨飞机液氮播撒控制系统,包括液氮罐、负责人机交互的显控计算机和液氮控制器,所述显控计算机与所述液氮控制器通过RS-485串口通信,所述液氮控制器连接多个液氮罐,液氮控制器通过传感器将液氮罐的状态数据、压力数据和余量数据上传至显控计算机;As shown in Figure 1, a rain-enhancing aircraft liquid nitrogen seeding control system includes a liquid nitrogen tank, a display control computer responsible for human-computer interaction, and a liquid nitrogen controller. The display control computer and the liquid nitrogen controller communicate through RS -485 serial port communication, the liquid nitrogen controller is connected to multiple liquid nitrogen tanks, and the liquid nitrogen controller uploads the status data, pressure data and residual data of the liquid nitrogen tanks to the display and control computer through sensors;
所述显控计算机向液氮控制器发送操作指令用于控制液氮控制器,所述液氮控制器接收到操作指令后控制液氮罐的播撒状态;The display and control computer sends operating instructions to the liquid nitrogen controller for controlling the liquid nitrogen controller. After receiving the operating instructions, the liquid nitrogen controller controls the spreading state of the liquid nitrogen tank;
所述显控计算机的软件配置包括负责人机交互界面的主模块和处理液氮控制器信息的液氮播撒子模块,主模块和液氮播撒子模块之间通过以太网交互,液氮播撒子模块每秒接收主模块的心跳帧来确认主模块的运行状态,若子模块收不到主模块的心跳帧则自动退出,主模块每分钟查询任务管理器中子模块的运行状态,若未查到子模块进程则重启子模块,保证两个模块之间通信正常。气象人员在主模块界面上操作液氮控制器,所述主模块将操作指令下发至液氮播撒子模块,所述液氮播撒子模块接收主模块的指令并传递至液氮控制器,所述液氮控制器接收到操作指令后控制液氮罐的播撒状态,并接收液氮控制器的响应并传递至主模块进行状态显示。The software configuration of the display and control computer includes a main module responsible for the human-computer interaction interface and a liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module that processes liquid nitrogen controller information. The main module and the liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module interact through Ethernet. The module receives the heartbeat frame of the main module every second to confirm the running status of the main module. If the sub-module cannot receive the heartbeat frame of the main module, it will automatically exit. The main module queries the running status of the sub-module in the task manager every minute. If it is not found, The submodule process restarts the submodule to ensure normal communication between the two modules. Meteorological personnel operate the liquid nitrogen controller on the main module interface. The main module sends operating instructions to the liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module. The liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module receives the instructions from the main module and passes them to the liquid nitrogen controller. The liquid nitrogen controller controls the spreading state of the liquid nitrogen tank after receiving the operation command, and receives the response of the liquid nitrogen controller and transmits it to the main module for status display.
具体操作指令包括开始播撒指令、中止播撒指令、速率控制指令,在主模块界面上分别对应“播撒”按键、“中止”按键、“快”、“中”、“慢”三个速率挡位供用户直接操作。液氮播撒子模块自动周期性向液氮控制器下发控制器状态查询指令、查询压力满足指令、查询第一个罐余量指令、查询第二个罐余量指令、查询第三个罐余量指令、查询第四罐余量指令、查询第一个罐压力指令、查询第二个罐压力指令、查询第三个罐压力指令、查询第四个罐压力指令。液氮控制器的响应具体包括播撒响应、中止响应、速率响应、是否满足播撒条件的压力状态响应、各个液氮罐的压力值响应、各个液氮罐的余量值响应、故障信息。Specific operation instructions include start spreading instructions, stop spreading instructions, and rate control instructions. On the main module interface, they correspond to the "spread" button, the "stop" button, and the three speed gears of "fast", "medium", and "slow". Direct user operation. The liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module automatically and periodically issues controller status query instructions, pressure satisfaction query instructions, first tank remaining capacity query instructions, second tank residual capacity query commands, and third tank residual capacity query commands to the liquid nitrogen controller. Instructions: query the fourth tank balance command, query the first tank pressure command, query the second tank pressure command, query the third tank pressure command, query the fourth tank pressure command. The response of the liquid nitrogen controller specifically includes seeding response, abort response, rate response, pressure state response to meet the seeding conditions, pressure value response of each liquid nitrogen tank, margin value response of each liquid nitrogen tank, and fault information.
所述主模块的人机交互界面上显示液氮播撒平均速率随时间变化的曲线图。The human-computer interaction interface of the main module displays a graph showing the change of the average rate of liquid nitrogen spreading with time.
所述液氮播撒子模块结合液氮存储罐的容积、时间差和余量差计算平均播撒速率,平均速率=液位变化/液位变化时间,所述液氮播撒子模块将平均速率点反馈至主模块,并将平均速率以曲线图的形式显示在界面上。The liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module combines the volume, time difference and margin difference of the liquid nitrogen storage tank to calculate the average spreading rate. The average rate = liquid level change/liquid level change time. The liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module feeds back the average rate point to The main module and displays the average rate on the interface in the form of a graph.
所述主模块的人机交互界面上显示每个液氮罐的压力值随时间变化曲线图,所述液氮播撒子模块周期性问询液氮控制器获取每个液氮罐的当前压力值,并周期性向主模块反馈每个液氮罐的压力值,所述主模块的人机交互界面以四个不同颜色的曲线直观反映各液氮罐的压力变化。The human-computer interaction interface of the main module displays a graph of the pressure value of each liquid nitrogen tank changing with time. The liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module periodically queries the liquid nitrogen controller to obtain the current pressure value of each liquid nitrogen tank. , and periodically feeds back the pressure value of each liquid nitrogen tank to the main module. The human-computer interaction interface of the main module intuitively reflects the pressure changes of each liquid nitrogen tank with curves of four different colors.
所述主模块的人机交互界面有压力满足状态灯,表示当前压力能否允许实施液氮播撒,所述液氮播撒子模块周期性查询所有液氮罐的压力状态,若液氮控制器回复当前压力满足,所述液氮播撒子模块将消息上传至主模块,所述主模块的压力满足状态灯为绿色,告知气象人员可播撒液氮;若液氮控制器回复当前压力不满足,所述播撒子模块将消息上传至主模块,所述主模块的压力满足状态灯为红色,告知气象人员不可播撒液氮。The human-computer interaction interface of the main module has a pressure satisfaction status light, indicating whether the current pressure allows liquid nitrogen seeding. The liquid nitrogen seeding sub-module periodically queries the pressure status of all liquid nitrogen tanks. If the liquid nitrogen controller replies When the current pressure is satisfied, the liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module uploads the message to the main module. The pressure-satisfying status light of the main module is green, informing the meteorological personnel that liquid nitrogen can be spread; if the liquid nitrogen controller replies that the current pressure is not satisfied, the The spreading sub-module uploads the message to the main module, and the pressure-satisfaction status light of the main module is red, informing the meteorological personnel that liquid nitrogen cannot be spread.
待液氮播撒子模块查询压力状态是否满足后,周期性向液氮控制器问询四个罐的压力值,并实时接收压力值响应。子模块对压力值解析整合后每秒向主模块反馈多个液氮罐的压力值,主模块进行曲线绘制。曲线图的x轴为时间(mm:ss),y轴为压力(-0.01MPa-0.2MPa),多个液氮罐的压力以不同颜色区分,可在显控计算机界面直观真实地展现液氮罐的压力变化,帮助气象人员分析当前压力与播撒量、催化效果的影响。由于液氮播撒界面的速率是统一控制所有液氮罐,因此当界面显示某罐压力值异常(超压或压力过小)时,可以手动控制液氮罐的阀门来控制压力,继而控制某罐的播撒速率和播撒量。After the liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module queries whether the pressure status is satisfied, it periodically queries the liquid nitrogen controller for the pressure values of the four tanks and receives the pressure value response in real time. After analyzing and integrating the pressure values, the sub-module feeds back the pressure values of multiple liquid nitrogen tanks to the main module every second, and the main module draws curves. The x-axis of the curve is time (mm:ss), and the y-axis is pressure (-0.01MPa-0.2MPa). The pressures of multiple liquid nitrogen tanks are distinguished by different colors, which can intuitively and truly display liquid nitrogen on the display and control computer interface. The pressure changes in the tank help meteorologists analyze the impact of current pressure, spreading amount, and catalytic effect. Since the rate of the liquid nitrogen spreading interface is uniformly controlled by all liquid nitrogen tanks, when the interface shows that the pressure value of a certain tank is abnormal (overpressure or too low pressure), the valve of the liquid nitrogen tank can be manually controlled to control the pressure, and then control a certain tank. Spreading rate and amount.
虽然速率控制有快(6L/min)、中(4L/min)、慢(2L/min)三个挡位,但由于四个罐可同时播撒,因此获取四个液氮罐的平均速率总和更有益于计算液氮播撒用量。当气象人员开始播撒液氮后,主模块界面实时显示液氮罐的平均播撒速率曲线,曲线图的x轴为时间(mm:ss),y轴为播撒速率(0L/min-10L/min)。液氮播撒子模块周期性向液氮控制器查询每个罐的余量。若子模块检测到n号罐余量变化,则子模块自动计算所有液氮罐的总平均速率,先计算当前时刻每个液氮罐的速率:Although the rate control has three gears: fast (6L/min), medium (4L/min), and slow (2L/min), since four tanks can be spread at the same time, it is more accurate to obtain the average rate sum of the four liquid nitrogen tanks. Useful for calculating liquid nitrogen spreading dosage. When the meteorologist starts spreading liquid nitrogen, the main module interface displays the average spreading rate curve of the liquid nitrogen tank in real time. The x-axis of the curve is time (mm:ss), and the y-axis is the spreading rate (0L/min-10L/min). . The liquid nitrogen spreading sub-module periodically queries the liquid nitrogen controller for the remaining amount of each tank. If the sub-module detects a change in the balance of tank n, the sub-module automatically calculates the overall average rate of all liquid nitrogen tanks, first calculating the rate of each liquid nitrogen tank at the current moment:
速率即余量差与时间差(min)的比值,其中T2n和T1n为当前时刻和上一个周期时刻,L2n和L1n为当前时刻n号罐的余量百分比和上一个周期n号罐的余量百分比,L总为液氮罐容积(单位为升),Vn为n号罐速率。那么当前时刻的播撒平均总速率为四个液氮罐速率之和:The rate is the ratio of the balance difference to the time difference (min), where T 2n and T 1n are the current time and the previous cycle time, L 2n and L 1n are the balance percentage of the nth tank at the current time and the nth tank in the previous cycle. The remaining percentage, L is the liquid nitrogen tank volume (in liters), and V n is the speed of the n tank. Then the average total spreading speed at the current time is the sum of the speeds of the four liquid nitrogen tanks:
V总=V1+V2+V3+V4 V total =V 1 +V 2 +V 3 +V 4
液氮播撒子模块将该速率点反馈至主模块进行曲线图绘制。只要任一个液氮罐余量发生变化子模块便自动计算、输出速率点,若余量无变化,则该液氮罐当前时刻的速率与上一个时刻的速率保持一致。The liquid nitrogen seeding sub-module feeds back the rate point to the main module for curve drawing. As long as the balance of any liquid nitrogen tank changes, the sub-module will automatically calculate and output the rate point. If there is no change in the balance, the rate of the liquid nitrogen tank at the current moment will remain consistent with the rate at the previous moment.
待飞机起飞后,气象人员启动任务系统,液氮播撒子模块主动与液氮控制器握手并查询每个液氮罐的余量,获得初始控制器状态以及初始余量,并发送至人机交互界面主模块进行显示。主模块界面的液氮控制器状态灯若是绿色表示控制器状态正常,若是红色表示未通信或有故障,状态灯下方会显示具体故障信息(超压报警、喷嘴堵塞、电源过载)。初始余量会以液氮存储罐容积的百分比显示在主模块界面。After the plane takes off, the meteorological personnel start the mission system, and the liquid nitrogen seeding sub-module actively shakes hands with the liquid nitrogen controller and queries the remaining amount of each liquid nitrogen tank, obtains the initial controller status and initial remaining amount, and sends it to the human-computer interaction The main module of the interface is displayed. If the liquid nitrogen controller status light on the main module interface is green, it means the controller status is normal. If it is red, it means there is no communication or there is a fault. Specific fault information (overpressure alarm, nozzle blockage, power overload) will be displayed below the status light. The initial balance will be displayed on the main module interface as a percentage of the liquid nitrogen storage tank volume.
所述显控计算机后台在每次播撒作业完成后会形成播撒日志记录,该记录以年月日和主模块的启动时间命名,日志记录的具体内容包括催化剂种类(液氮)、播撒时间(hh:mm:ss)、停止时间(hh:mm:ss)、播撒量(容积百分比)。气象人员根据该记录,结合平均播撒速率曲线图可计算真实液氮播撒用量,再结合压力变化可评估液氮状态及流量控制对人工降水量的影响,有利于日后更好的完成人影作业任务。The backend of the display and control computer will form a sowing log record after each sowing operation is completed. The record is named after the year, month, day and the startup time of the main module. The specific content of the log record includes the type of catalyst (liquid nitrogen), sowing time (hh :mm:ss), stop time (hh:mm:ss), spreading amount (volume percentage). Based on this record, meteorologists can calculate the actual amount of liquid nitrogen sowing by combining it with the average spreading rate curve. Combined with the pressure change, they can evaluate the impact of liquid nitrogen status and flow control on artificial precipitation, which will help to better complete the human shadow operation task in the future.
所述主模块的人机交互界面包括液氮播撒子界面和设置维护子界面;The human-computer interaction interface of the main module includes a liquid nitrogen spreading sub-interface and a setting and maintenance sub-interface;
所述液氮播撒子界面上显示推荐催化方案,向作业人员展示当前液氮最佳播撒速率以及当前催化等级,展示的液氮最佳播撒速率包括快、中和慢中的一种,催化等级包括优、良、中、低和无;The recommended catalytic scheme is displayed on the liquid nitrogen spreading sub-interface, showing the current best liquid nitrogen spreading rate and current catalytic level to the operator. The displayed best liquid nitrogen spreading rate includes one of fast, medium and slow, and the catalytic level Including excellent, good, medium, low and none;
所述设置维护子界面显示冷云催化条件判据配置表,气象人员在冷云催化条件判据配置表中输入不同催化等级下云粒子数浓度和冰晶数浓度的匹配比,其次再输入不同催化等级下适合的液氮播撒速率;The setting maintenance sub-interface displays the cold cloud catalytic condition criterion configuration table. Meteorologists enter the matching ratios of cloud particle number concentration and ice crystal number concentration under different catalytic levels in the cold cloud catalytic condition criterion configuration table, and then enter different catalytic conditions. Appropriate liquid nitrogen spreading rate for grade;
显控计算机获取飞机综合气象测量系统的环境温度,若大于0℃,则不适合播撒液氮,液氮播撒界面的推荐催化方案显示播撒速率0;若小于0℃,显控计算机获取云粒子数浓度和水含量,当云粒子数浓度大于0.5或水含量大于0.001时,则当前环境满足冷云条件,适合液氮播撒;当满足冷云条件时,显控计算机获取冰晶数浓度,并自动将云粒子数浓度和冰晶数浓度与气象人员输入的冷云催化条件判据配置表中的浓度信息作比较,决策出当前催化等级,催化等级和最佳播撒速率自动显示在液氮界面。The display control computer obtains the ambient temperature of the aircraft's comprehensive meteorological measurement system. If it is greater than 0°C, it is not suitable for spreading liquid nitrogen. The recommended catalytic solution for the liquid nitrogen spreading interface shows a spreading rate of 0; if it is less than 0°C, the display control computer obtains the number of cloud particles. concentration and water content. When the cloud particle number concentration is greater than 0.5 or the water content is greater than 0.001, the current environment meets the cold cloud conditions and is suitable for liquid nitrogen seeding; when the cold cloud conditions are met, the display control computer obtains the ice crystal number concentration and automatically The cloud particle number concentration and ice crystal number concentration are compared with the concentration information in the cold cloud catalytic condition criterion configuration table input by the meteorologist, and the current catalytic level is determined. The catalytic level and optimal spreading rate are automatically displayed on the liquid nitrogen interface.
具体的,各气象探头采集的气象数据可以通过以太网上传至显控计算机,气象探头包括飞机综合气象测量系统(AI MMS)、云粒子谱探头(CDP)、快速云滴探头(FCDP)、液水含量仪(LWC)。当准备开始增雨作业时,气象人员需在冷云催化条件判据配置表中输入不同催化等级下云粒子数浓度和冰晶数浓度的匹配比,其次再输入不同催化等级下适合的液氮播撒速率,最后点击设置维护界面的冷云催化条件判据配置下方的确定按键,显控计算机主动获取AI MMS的环境温度,若大于0℃,则不适合播撒液氮,液氮播撒界面的推荐催化方案显示播撒速率0;若小于0℃,显控计算机则主动获取云粒子数浓度和水含量,云粒子数浓度首选CDP,若CDP失效,则次选FCDP。水含量数据首选CDP,若CDP失效,则次选LWC。当云粒子数浓度大于0.5或水含量大于0.001时,则当前环境满足冷云条件,适合液氮播撒。Specifically, the meteorological data collected by each meteorological probe can be uploaded to the display and control computer through Ethernet. The meteorological probes include Aircraft Integrated Meteorological Measurement System (AI MMS), Cloud Particle Spectrum Probe (CDP), Fast Cloud Droplet Probe (FCDP), Liquid Water content meter (LWC). When preparing to start rainfall enhancement operations, meteorologists need to enter the matching ratio of cloud particle number concentration and ice crystal number concentration under different catalytic levels in the cold cloud catalytic condition criterion configuration table, and then enter the appropriate liquid nitrogen seeding under different catalytic levels. rate, and finally click the OK button under the cold cloud catalytic condition criterion configuration in the maintenance interface. The display control computer actively obtains the ambient temperature of the AI MMS. If it is greater than 0°C, it is not suitable for spreading liquid nitrogen. The recommended catalysis of the liquid nitrogen spreading interface The plan shows that the spreading rate is 0; if it is less than 0°C, the display control computer will actively obtain the cloud particle number concentration and water content. CDP is the first choice for cloud particle number concentration. If CDP fails, FCDP is the second choice. CDP is the first choice for water content data. If CDP fails, LWC is the second choice. When the cloud particle number concentration is greater than 0.5 or the water content is greater than 0.001, the current environment meets cold cloud conditions and is suitable for liquid nitrogen seeding.
当满足冷云条件时,显控计算机则再获取气象探头的冰晶数浓度,获取冰晶数浓度的探头优先级同云粒子数浓度,并自动将云粒子数浓度和冰晶数浓度与气象人员输入的冷云催化条件判据配置表中的浓度信息作比较,决策出当前催化等级。催化等级和最佳播撒速率自动显示在液氮界面,气象人员按照催化方案作业即可。该系统体现增雨作业高度自动化,显控计算机获取气象数据,决策出最佳作业方案,无需气象人员人力决策作业方案。When the cold cloud conditions are met, the display and control computer obtains the ice crystal number concentration of the meteorological probe. The probe priority for obtaining the ice crystal number concentration is the same as the cloud particle number concentration, and automatically compares the cloud particle number concentration and ice crystal number concentration with those entered by the meteorologist. Lengyun catalytic condition criteria compares the concentration information in the configuration table to determine the current catalytic level. The catalytic level and optimal spreading rate are automatically displayed on the liquid nitrogen interface, and meteorologists can operate according to the catalytic plan. This system embodies the high degree of automation of rainfall enhancement operations. The display and control computer obtains meteorological data and decides on the best operation plan, without the need for meteorological personnel to manually decide on the operation plan.
以上所述,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application. All are covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
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CN115629430A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-01-20 | 浙江省气象台 | Artificial precipitation scheme determination method, system and equipment based on ensemble prediction |
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CN114384828A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-04-22 | 中航西飞民用飞机有限责任公司 | Airplane rain enhancement control system and control method |
CN115421409A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-12-02 | 齐齐哈尔华安工业有限责任公司 | Control system and control method for airborne liquid nitrogen refrigerant spreading equipment |
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