CN117006073A - Self-pressurizing cooling hydrogen fuel cell air compressor - Google Patents
Self-pressurizing cooling hydrogen fuel cell air compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN117006073A CN117006073A CN202311059776.6A CN202311059776A CN117006073A CN 117006073 A CN117006073 A CN 117006073A CN 202311059776 A CN202311059776 A CN 202311059776A CN 117006073 A CN117006073 A CN 117006073A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 37
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The application discloses a self-pressurizing cooling hydrogen fuel cell air compressor, which belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel cell air compressors and comprises a compressor shell, wherein a driving piece is arranged in the compressor shell, two ends of the compressor shell are fixedly connected with a first-stage compression end and a second-stage compression end respectively, the first-stage compression end is communicated with the second-stage compression end, a first cooling gas inlet and a cooling gas outlet are respectively arranged at the bottom of the compressor shell, the first cooling gas inlet is positioned at one end close to the second-stage compression end, and the first cooling gas inlet is communicated with the second-stage compression end through a cooler. According to the application, the primary compression end and the secondary compression end are respectively positioned at two sides of the compressor shell, so that the whole device has a compact structure. The two-stage compressed gas cooled by the cooler has large internal pressure, high circulation speed and low gas temperature, and is beneficial to the temperature reduction of the components such as the main shaft, the air bearing, the high-speed motor and the like. The cooling gas takes away the heat in the compressor, so that the stable operation time of the compressor is increased, and the forced shutdown of the compressor is reduced or avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell air compressors, and particularly relates to a self-pressurizing cooling hydrogen fuel cell air compressor.
Background
The centrifugal compressor is used for pressurizing air in the atmospheric environment to the optimal operating pressure of the fuel cell stack, and providing the required air mass flow according to the actual working condition requirement, and is the most important component of the cathode air supply subsystem in the hydrogen fuel cell automobile electric pile system. The air bearing high-speed centrifugal compressor has the advantages of oil free, high efficiency, low cost, light weight, good dynamic response capability and the like, and is the best choice and main development direction of the current vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell air compressor. With the development of the automobile industry and the popularization and perfection of the hydrogen energy technology, the research of the hydrogen fuel cell car has achieved a certain result, but great difficulty still exists in the production of key parts such as an air compressor. The centrifugal compressor has larger self power consumption, and also has the problems of low rotating speed, small pressure ratio, large noise, short stable working time and the like. The centrifugal compressor with small flow, large pressure ratio and high rotating speed has great design difficulty and no mature experience and basis, and the research of the centrifugal compressor becomes a hot spot of the current research as an industrial problem.
When the high-speed centrifugal compressor works, a large amount of heat is generated inside, heat which is not discharged in time is accumulated, so that the internal temperature of the compressor is too high, and the compressor is forced to stop. The cooling of the compressor currently has two forms of external water cooling and internal air cooling. The external water cooling is to provide a cooling water channel in the compressor housing outside the motor stator for heat dissipation and cooling, and the internal air cooling is to provide an air flow channel in the compressor housing and other parts for heat dissipation and cooling.
In the method for cooling the compressor by adopting internal air cooling, publication No. CN112879353A, chinese patent application entitled high-speed centrifugal compressor reflux air cooling system, discloses an internal air cooling structure, wherein a cooling air source enters the interior from a first-stage worm channel, and after being circularly cooled among all parts in the interior, the cooling air source is discharged outside the shell from small holes in the shell. Although the patent has breakthrough progress in the internal air cooling field of the high-speed centrifugal compressor, a cooling air source is introduced from the first-stage volute, the air pressure in the first-stage volute is relatively small, the cooling air has low internal circulation speed of the compressor and low cooling efficiency in unit time, and when the high-speed centrifugal compressor runs for a long time, the cooling requirements of all components in the compressor cannot be met. The Chinese patent application with publication No. CN114810673A, named as a secondary compression reflux internal circulation air cooling system of a high-speed centrifugal compressor, discloses an internal air cooling structure, wherein a cooling air source enters the interior from a secondary volute, and after being circularly cooled among all parts in the interior, the cooling air source is discharged to the primary end of the compressor from small holes on a diffuser. The patent has the advantages that the internal pressure of the cooling gas is high, the circulating speed is high, but the gas has higher temperature through two-stage compression, the high-temperature gas in the two-stage volute is difficult to take away the heat in the compressor, even the heat in the compressor is increased, and the compressor is forced to stop.
An outlet of an air cooling system in the centrifugal compressor is positioned outside the shell of the compressor, and an exhaust hose is connected to exhaust cooling air. The exhaust pipe can prevent impurities in the air from entering the compressor bearing rotor system, but the exhaust resistance is larger. The centrifugal compressor works in a pile system, and negative pressure is easy to generate when inlet air is sucked at a high rotating speed. When the cooling air source is introduced from the first-stage volute, the exhaust resistance causes that the cooling air with smaller pressure in the first-stage volute is difficult to exhaust, and even the phenomenon of suck-back is generated. When the cooling air source is directly introduced from the secondary volute, the phenomena of difficult exhaust and back suction are avoided, but the high-temperature gas in the secondary volute is difficult to realize the internal heat dissipation of the compressor. Therefore, the design problem of the internal air cooling structure of the high-speed centrifugal compressor still needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a self-pressurizing and cooling hydrogen fuel cell air compressor to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following solutions: the application provides a self-pressurizing cooling hydrogen fuel cell air compressor, which comprises a compressor shell, wherein a driving piece is arranged in the compressor shell, two ends of the compressor shell are fixedly connected with a first-stage compression end and a second-stage compression end respectively, the first-stage compression end is communicated with the second-stage compression end, a first cooling gas inlet and a cooling gas outlet are respectively arranged at the bottom of the compressor shell, the first cooling gas inlet is positioned at one end close to the second-stage compression end, and the first cooling gas inlet is communicated with the second-stage compression end through a cooler.
Preferably, the first-stage compression end comprises a first-stage volute, the first-stage volute is fixedly connected with the compressor housing, a first-stage impeller is installed in the first-stage volute, the first-stage impeller is in transmission connection with the driving piece, one end, far away from the compressor housing, of the first-stage volute is provided with a first-stage inlet, the top of the first-stage volute is provided with a first-stage outlet, and the first-stage outlet is communicated with the second-stage compression end.
Preferably, the secondary compression end comprises a secondary volute fixedly connected with the compressor shell, a secondary impeller is installed in the secondary volute, the secondary impeller is in transmission connection with the driving piece, one end, far away from the compressor shell, of the secondary volute is provided with a secondary inlet, the secondary inlet is communicated with the primary outlet, the bottom of the secondary volute is provided with a secondary outlet, the secondary outlet is communicated with the galvanic pile system, one side, close to the cooler, of the secondary outlet is communicated with a secondary outlet branch pipe, and the secondary outlet branch pipe is communicated with the cooler.
Preferably, the driving member comprises a main shaft installed in the compressor housing, a high-speed motor stator is installed on the main shaft, and two ends of the main shaft are respectively in transmission connection with the primary impeller and the secondary impeller.
Preferably, the cooler is an intercooler, and the intercooler is respectively communicated with the secondary outlet branch pipe and the first cooling gas inlet.
Preferably, the cooling gas outlet is communicated with an exhaust hose.
The application discloses the following technical effects: in the application, the primary compression end and the secondary compression end are respectively positioned at two sides of the compressor shell, and the back-to-back integrated design is adopted, so that the whole device has a compact structure. The two-stage compressed gas cooled by the cooler has large internal pressure, high circulation speed and low gas temperature, and is beneficial to the temperature reduction of the components such as the main shaft, the air bearing, the high-speed motor and the like. The cooling gas takes away the heat in the compressor, so that the stable operation time of the compressor is increased, and the forced shutdown of the compressor is reduced or avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-pressurizing cooled hydrogen fuel cell air compressor of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the compressor housing of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the first stage compression end of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a secondary compression end of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a shell of a primary side cooling compressor in embodiment 2 of the present application.
In the figure: 1. a compressor housing; 11. a first cooling gas inlet; 12. a cooling gas outlet; 13. a second cooling gas inlet; 2. a high-speed motor stator; 3. a main shaft; 4. a first stage compression end; 41. a primary inlet; 42. a primary impeller; 43. a first-order volute; 44. a primary outlet; 5. a secondary compression end; 51. a secondary inlet; 52. a secondary impeller; 53. a second-stage volute; 54. a secondary outlet; 55. a secondary outlet branch; 6. an intercooler; 7. and an exhaust hose.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the application provides a self-pressurizing cooling hydrogen fuel cell air compressor, which comprises a compressor shell 1, wherein a driving piece is arranged in the compressor shell 1, two ends of the compressor shell 1 are fixedly connected with a primary compression end 4 and a secondary compression end 5 respectively, the primary compression end 4 is communicated with the secondary compression end 5, a first cooling gas inlet 11 and a cooling gas outlet 12 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the compressor shell 1, the first cooling gas inlet 11 is positioned at one end close to the secondary compression end 5, and the first cooling gas inlet 11 is communicated with the secondary compression end 5 through a cooler.
In the application, the primary compression end 4 and the secondary compression end 5 are respectively positioned at two sides of the compressor shell 1, and the back-to-back integrated design is adopted, so that the whole device has a compact structure. The two-stage compressed gas cooled by the cooler has large internal pressure, high circulation speed and low gas temperature, and is beneficial to realizing temperature drop of the main shaft 3, the air bearing, the high-speed motor and other parts. The cooling gas takes away the heat in the compressor, so that the stable operation time of the compressor is increased, and the forced shutdown of the compressor is reduced or avoided.
Further optimizing scheme, first order compression end 4 includes first order spiral case 43, and first order spiral case 43 and compressor housing 1 rigid coupling are installed first order impeller 42 in the first order spiral case 43, and first order impeller 42 is connected with the driving piece transmission, and first order spiral case 43 is equipped with first order import 41 far away from the one end of compressor housing 1, and first order spiral case 43's top is equipped with first order export 44, and first order export 44 communicates with second grade compression end 5.
In a further optimized scheme, the secondary compression end 5 comprises a secondary volute 53 fixedly connected with the compressor shell 1, a secondary impeller 52 is installed in the secondary volute 53, the secondary impeller 52 is in transmission connection with a driving piece, one end, far away from the compressor shell 1, of the secondary volute 53 is provided with a secondary inlet 51, the secondary inlet 51 is communicated with a primary outlet 44, the bottom of the secondary volute 53 is provided with a secondary outlet 54, the secondary outlet 54 is communicated with a galvanic pile system, one side, close to a cooler, of the secondary outlet 54 is communicated with a secondary outlet branch pipe 55, and the secondary outlet branch pipe 55 is communicated with the cooler.
Further optimized scheme, the driving piece comprises a main shaft 3 arranged in the compressor shell 1, a high-speed motor stator 2 is arranged on the main shaft 3, and two ends of the main shaft 3 are respectively connected with the primary impeller 42 and the secondary impeller 52 in a transmission way.
The main shaft 3 is supported by a radial foil dynamic pressure gas bearing and a thrust foil dynamic pressure gas bearing.
In a further preferred embodiment, the cooler is an intercooler 6, and the intercooler 6 is respectively communicated with the secondary outlet branch 55 and the first cooling gas inlet 11.
Further optimizing scheme, the cooling gas outlet 12 is communicated with the exhaust hose 7.
Air enters the compressor from the primary inlet 41, is compressed by the primary impeller 42 and guided by the primary volute 43, and flows out from the primary outlet 44. The gas compressed by the first-stage compression end 4 enters the second-stage inlet 51, and is compressed by the first-stage impeller 42 and guided by the first-stage volute 43 to complete the second-stage compression. The compressed gas enters the stack system mostly through the secondary outlet 54, and the small portion of the two-stage compressed gas flows to the intercooler 6 through the secondary outlet branch 55. The intercooler 6 performs cooling treatment on the two-stage compressed high-temperature gas, and is introduced into a first cooling gas inlet 11 on the compressor housing 1. The cooling gas enters the inside of the compressor to cool the secondary radial bearing, the main shaft 3, the high-speed motor stator 2, the primary radial bearing, the secondary thrust bearing and the primary thrust bearing in sequence, and finally enters the exhaust hose 7 from the cooling gas outlet 12 on the compressor shell 1 and is discharged through the exhaust hose 7. The two-stage compressed gas cooled by the intercooler 6 has large internal pressure, high circulation speed and low gas temperature, and solves the problems of small internal cooling gas pressure, low circulation speed, low cooling efficiency in unit time, difficult exhaust and even suck-back phenomenon in the past. The cooling gas of the device takes away the heat in the compressor, is favorable for realizing cooling of parts such as a main shaft, an air bearing, a high-speed motor and the like, increases the stable running time of the compressor, reduces or avoids forced shutdown of the compressor, and also solves the problems that the temperature of the compressed gas is high when two-stage compressed gas is adopted for cooling, the heat in the compressor is difficult to take away, and the forced shutdown of the compressor is caused.
Further optimizing scheme, the cooling gas outlet 12 is communicated with the exhaust hose 7.
Air enters the compressor from the primary inlet 41, is compressed by the primary impeller 42 and guided by the primary volute 43, and flows out from the primary outlet 44. The gas compressed by the first-stage compression end 4 enters the second-stage inlet 51, and is compressed by the first-stage impeller 42 and guided by the first-stage volute 43 to complete the second-stage compression. The compressed gas enters the stack system mostly through the secondary outlet 54, and the small portion of the two-stage compressed gas flows to the intercooler 6 through the secondary outlet branch 55. The intercooler 6 performs cooling treatment on the two-stage compressed high-temperature gas, and is introduced into a first cooling gas inlet 11 on the compressor housing 1. Then the cooling gas enters the inside of the compressor to cool the secondary radial bearing, the main shaft 3, the high-speed motor stator 2, the primary radial bearing, the secondary thrust bearing and the primary thrust bearing in sequence, and finally enters the exhaust hose 7 from the cooling gas outlet 12 on the compressor shell 1 and is discharged through the exhaust hose 7. The two-stage compressed gas cooled by the intercooler 6 has large internal pressure, high circulation speed and low gas temperature, and solves the problems of small internal cooling gas pressure, low circulation speed, low cooling efficiency in unit time, difficult exhaust and even suck-back phenomenon in the past. The cooling gas of the device takes away the heat in the compressor, is favorable for realizing cooling of parts such as a main shaft, an air bearing, a high-speed motor and the like, increases the stable running time of the compressor, reduces or avoids forced shutdown of the compressor, and also solves the problems that the temperature of the compressed gas is high when two-stage compressed gas is adopted for cooling, the heat in the compressor is difficult to take away, and the forced shutdown of the compressor is caused.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 5-6, the coolers are intercooler 6, and intercooler 6 communicates with secondary outlet branch 55 and second cooling gas inlet 13, respectively.
Air enters the compressor from the primary inlet 41, is compressed by the primary impeller 42 and guided by the primary volute 43, and flows out from the primary outlet 44. The gas compressed by the first-stage compression end 4 enters the second-stage inlet 51, and is compressed by the first-stage impeller 42 and guided by the first-stage volute 43 to complete the second-stage compression. The compressed gas enters the stack system mostly through the secondary outlet 54, and the small portion of the two-stage compressed gas flows to the intercooler 6 through the secondary outlet branch 55. The intercooler 6 performs cooling treatment on the two-stage compressed high-temperature gas, and then the gas is introduced into a second cooling gas inlet 13 on the compressor housing 1, and the gas is further cooled by cooling liquid for cooling the motor. Then the cooling gas enters the inside of the compressor to cool the secondary radial bearing, the main shaft 3, the high-speed motor stator 2, the primary radial bearing, the secondary thrust bearing and the primary thrust bearing in sequence, and finally enters the exhaust hose 7 from the cooling gas outlet 12 on the compressor shell 1 and is discharged through the exhaust hose 7. The two-stage compressed gas cooled by the intercooler 6 has large internal pressure, high circulation speed and low gas temperature, and solves the problems of small internal cooling gas pressure, low circulation speed, low cooling efficiency in unit time, difficult exhaust and even suck-back phenomenon in the past. The cooling gas of the device takes away the heat in the compressor, is favorable for realizing cooling of parts such as a main shaft, an air bearing, a high-speed motor and the like, increases the stable running time of the compressor, reduces or avoids forced shutdown of the compressor, and also solves the problems that the temperature of the compressed gas is high when two-stage compressed gas is adopted for cooling, the heat in the compressor is difficult to take away, and the forced shutdown of the compressor is caused.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present application should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present application without departing from the design spirit of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell air compressor machine of self-pressurization cooling which characterized in that: including compressor housing (1), install the driving piece in compressor housing (1), the both ends of compressor housing (1) rigid coupling respectively have one-level compression end (4) and two-stage compression end (5), one-level compression end (4) with two-stage compression end (5) intercommunication, compressor housing (1) bottom is equipped with first cooling gas inlet (11) and cooling gas outlet (12) respectively, first cooling gas inlet (11) are located and are close to one end of two-stage compression end (5), first cooling gas inlet (11) pass through the cooler with two-stage compression end (5) intercommunication.
2. The self-pressurizing cooled hydrogen fuel cell air compressor of claim 1, wherein: the one-stage compression end (4) comprises a one-stage volute (43), the one-stage volute (43) is fixedly connected with the compressor housing (1), a one-stage impeller (42) is installed in the one-stage volute (43), the one-stage impeller (42) is in transmission connection with the driving piece, one end of the one-stage volute (43) away from the compressor housing (1) is provided with a one-stage inlet (41), the top of the one-stage volute (43) is provided with a one-stage outlet (44), and the one-stage outlet (44) is communicated with the two-stage compression end (5).
3. The self-pressurizing cooled hydrogen fuel cell air compressor according to claim 2, wherein: the secondary compression end (5) comprises a secondary volute (53) fixedly connected with the compressor shell (1), a secondary impeller (52) is installed in the secondary volute (53), the secondary impeller (52) is in transmission connection with the driving piece, one end, far away from the compressor shell (1), of the secondary volute (53) is provided with a secondary inlet (51), the secondary inlet (51) is communicated with the primary outlet (44), the bottom of the secondary volute (53) is provided with a secondary outlet (54), the secondary outlet (54) is communicated with a galvanic pile system, one side, close to the cooler, of the secondary outlet (54) is communicated with a secondary outlet branch pipe (55), and the secondary outlet branch pipe (55) is communicated with the cooler.
4. A self-pressurizing cooled hydrogen fuel cell air compressor according to claim 3, wherein: the driving piece comprises a main shaft (3) arranged in the compressor shell (1), a high-speed motor stator (2) is arranged on the main shaft (3), and two ends of the main shaft (3) are respectively in transmission connection with the primary impeller (42) and the secondary impeller (52).
5. A self-pressurizing cooled hydrogen fuel cell air compressor according to claim 3, wherein: the cooler is an intercooler (6), and the intercooler (6) is respectively communicated with the secondary outlet branch pipe (55) and the first cooling gas inlet (11).
6. The self-pressurizing cooled hydrogen fuel cell air compressor of claim 1, wherein: the cooling gas outlet (12) is communicated with an exhaust hose (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311059776.6A CN117006073A (en) | 2023-08-22 | 2023-08-22 | Self-pressurizing cooling hydrogen fuel cell air compressor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311059776.6A CN117006073A (en) | 2023-08-22 | 2023-08-22 | Self-pressurizing cooling hydrogen fuel cell air compressor |
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| CN117006073A true CN117006073A (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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