CN117006003A - Intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for wind driven generator blade - Google Patents
Intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for wind driven generator blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN117006003A CN117006003A CN202310322363.6A CN202310322363A CN117006003A CN 117006003 A CN117006003 A CN 117006003A CN 202310322363 A CN202310322363 A CN 202310322363A CN 117006003 A CN117006003 A CN 117006003A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/40—Ice detection; De-icing means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/60—Cooling or heating of wind motors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The application provides an intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for a blade of a wind driven generator. The electric heating system pre-buried in the blade is operated for a period of time, a water layer is formed between the blade substrate and the ice coating, and then the ice coating is removed by utilizing shearing force generated by different speeds when ultrasonic waves are transmitted between the water layers. The device comprises: the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the pressure sensor detect the icing condition of the blade and the working condition of the device, the icing condition and the working condition of the device are transmitted to the computer through the Internet of things, and the corresponding intensity of the icing degree is started, so that the deicing effect is achieved. According to the application, the problem of low deicing efficiency caused by manual knocking in the related art is solved, and the efficient deicing effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of deicing equipment, in particular to an intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for a blade of a wind driven generator.
Background
With the continuous development of the country, the demand of human beings for electric energy is also becoming larger and larger. Wind energy is an excellent renewable energy source, and the use of wind energy for power generation is a major concern in various countries. The problem of icing of blades cannot be ignored especially in high latitude installed wind turbines, but traditional blade deicing methods such as: the methods such as mechanical deicing, manual deicing, thermal deicing and the like have higher cost and lower efficiency, and cannot meet the large-scale simultaneous deicing operation of the wind power plant.
The conventional mode for removing the ice layer comprises mechanical means, physical means and chemical means, wherein the mechanical means are not ideal: the labor is wasted, and the working efficiency is low; chemical means: adverse results to the ecological environment; physical means: high operation requirement and high energy consumption. Therefore, a deicing method for realizing deicing without stopping the machine and overcoming the adverse effects and low energy consumption is imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the existing deicing mode of the wind driven generator blade is time-consuming and labor-consuming and has low working efficiency; the adverse effect on the ecological environment is caused; high operation requirement, high energy consumption and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: comprising the following four aspects: an electric heating system; a sensor system; an ultrasonic emitter; and the processing system of the Internet of things.
An ultrasonic intelligent deicing method for wind driven generator blades comprises the steps that an electric heating group pre-buried in the blades works for a period of time, so that the temperature of the blades tends to be 20-30 degrees, damage to the blades cannot be caused at the temperature, an ice layer around the blades is loose, and an ultrasonic system can be assisted to quickly deicing, and the ultrasonic system is an electric heating system. The sensor system is composed of a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor and a temperature sensor, and can effectively collect data and transmit the data to the Internet of things system for more efficient deicing by detecting the icing condition, the humidity condition and the temperature condition around the blades. The ultrasonic deicing system mainly generates shearing force perpendicular to the surface of an object according to different wavelengths and frequencies, the generated shearing force can enable displacement between the blade substrate and the icing to occur, and the icing on the blade falls off under the action of gravity, so that a deicing effect is achieved. Finally, the information fed back to the Internet of things through the system can analyze a reasonable deicing scheme according to big data, so that the situation that deicing is achieved without wasting resources can be achieved, and intelligent deicing can be achieved.
The internet of things refers to passing through various information sensors. The intelligent deicing system collects various needed information such as sound, light, heat, electricity, mechanics, chemistry, biology, position and the like, can better combine the concept of intelligent deicing, judges the icing degree through sensor signals, can intelligently identify and monitor, and can more accurately and intelligently formulate a deicing scheme through functions such as information exchange and the like.
Furthermore, the special transducer and the electric heating belt are embedded in the blade during manufacturing, and the transducer and the electric heating belt are directly arranged on the blade for the wind driven generator blade which is already installed. Therefore, before the ultrasonic generator formally works, the electric heating belt controller is started first, and after a period of time, a water layer with a certain thickness is arranged between the blade substrate and the ice coating, and then the ultrasonic generator can be started to carry out deicing work.
Further, the temperature detection port is used for detecting the temperature of the blade surface and the temperature around the blade through a temperature sensor arranged on the blade surface and judging whether the ambient temperature can cause icing on the blade surface and the icing degree caused by the ambient temperature.
Further, the humidity detection port is used for detecting the humidity in the surrounding environment, judging the possible icing time and icing type of the blade according to the change of the humidity in the surrounding environment, and formulating the heating temperature and heating time suitable for the electric heating preheating system under the current condition based on the possible icing time and icing of the blade surface is removed quickly by the auxiliary ultrasonic deicing part.
Further, the infrared detection port is used for detecting whether the surface of the blade is frozen, and as the surface of the object emits infrared rays to the surrounding environment when the temperature of the object is higher than absolute zero, the infrared sensor can transmit signals to the control platform after detecting the infrared rays of the surface of the blade, and the deicing device can enter a standby state after the system analyzes the confirmation signals.
Further, the pressure detection port is used for detecting the thickness of ice coating on the surface of the blade, and the progress degree of deicing operation can be judged by detecting the change of the pressure on the blade, so that whether to change the ultrasonic frequency or stop the ultrasonic deicing operation is selected.
Further, surface waves, lamb waves and interfacial waves. When Lamb wave and SH wave propagate on the surface of an object, the ultrasonic wave has different frequencies and different wave speeds, so that shearing force perpendicular to the surface of the object can be generated on the surface of the object, the generated shearing force can cause displacement between the blade substrate and the ice coating, and then the ice coating on the blade falls off under the action of gravity to achieve the deicing effect.
Further, the electric heating belt is embedded in the blade, and before the ultrasonic transmitter works, electric heating is utilized for assisting in heating for a period of time, so that a water layer with a certain thickness is arranged between the blade substrate and the ice coating, and the effect that the ultrasonic system accelerates the removal of the blade ice coating is achieved.
Further, the internet of things refers to a network which connects objects according to a contracted protocol through information sensing equipment to exchange information and communicate so as to realize intelligent identification, positioning, tracking and management. The intelligent blade icing system is characterized in that an Internet of things module is used for forming interconnection with a sensor arranged on the blade, and when ambient temperature, humidity and pressure reach icing critical points, the Internet of things can obtain the icing thickness of the blade in real time and transmit icing data to an ultrasonic system. And then the control unit of the Internet of things sends out an instruction for starting work to the deicing system. When the electric heating auxiliary system of the deicing system works in a preheating mode, the temperature of the electric heating belt during deicing can be monitored in real time by each sensor on the blade, and the heating temperature of the electric heating belt is ensured to be always in the range that the blade cannot be damaged.
The sensor collects data and transmits the data to the Internet of things, and the highest-efficiency deicing work is obtained through the control platform.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
the application can effectively prevent icing in real time: the electrical heating system may make it difficult for the blade surface to freeze.
The deicing device can effectively deicing in real time, a water layer is formed between the blade substrate and the ice coating through the electric heating system, and then the ice coating is removed by utilizing shearing force generated by different speeds when ultrasonic waves are transmitted between the water layers. The ice coating thickness on the surface of the blade and the surrounding environment condition can quickly and accurately reach the control console through the sensing system, and the platform can control the frequency generated by the ultrasonic generator and the heating time and the heating temperature required by the electric heating preheating system, so that efficient, intelligent and personalized deicing is achieved. Through control platform system, can make a feedback with the sensor is better to let deicing efficiency higher, more accurate, more energy-conserving.
The application has simple equipment, does not cause excessive burden on the fan blade, and does not influence the normal operation of the wind turbine generator.
Drawings
Fig. 1-4 are schematic diagrams of the energy supply system of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the system design concept of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a related sensor workflow diagram of the present application.
Detailed Description
The application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. As shown in fig. 1, the device comprises a temperature sensor (1), a humidity sensor (2), a pressure sensor (3), an infrared sensor (4), an electric heating aid (5), a storage battery power supply (6) and an ultrasonic transmitter (7).
In the figure, a temperature sensor (1) is arranged inside the blade to detect the temperature of the surface of the blade and the temperature around the blade, and judge whether the ambient temperature can cause icing on the surface of the blade and the degree of icing caused. The humidity sensor (2) is arranged inside the blade and used for detecting the humidity in the surrounding environment, and judging the time and the type of icing possible to the blade according to the change of the humidity in the surrounding environment. The pressure sensor (3) is arranged inside the blade and is used for detecting the thickness of ice coating on the surface of the blade, and the pressure change on the blade is detected. The infrared sensor (4) is used for detecting whether the surface of the blade is frozen or not.
Further: and the electric heating auxiliary (5) is arranged in the fan, and is preheated for a period of time through an electric heating belt, so that a water layer is formed between the blade substrate and the ice coating, and then the ice coating is removed by utilizing the shearing force generated by the ultrasonic wave propagation between the water layers due to different speeds.
Further: in order to efficiently utilize the electric energy converted from wind energy, the electric energy generated by the wind turbine can be stored in the storage battery (6) for a period of time before the ice-making period. The capacity of the battery is determined to be at least 200AH by adding a part of the power loss.
Further: the accumulator (6) is connected with the ultrasonic generator (7) and the electric heating (5) system to provide sufficient electric energy for the deicing system during deicing.
And the deicing device is not interfered by human factors, and reduces energy consumption in deicing operation.
Fig. 5 is a system design idea provided according to the present design, as shown in fig. 5, the scheme includes the following steps:
step 1: the electric energy generated by the wind turbine is stored in the storage battery for a period of time before the ice formation, and sufficient electric energy is provided for ice removal during ice removal.
Step 2: and the electric energy stored in the storage battery is used for supplying energy to the ultrasonic transducer, the electric heating pipe network, the sensor and the Internet of things module.
Step 3: the ultrasonic transducer removes the energy generated by icing on the blade and preheating the electric heating pipe network according to the shear stress generated by Lamb wave and SH wave generated by wavelength, and can melt part of the ice into water and remove ice through ultrasonic vibration.
Step 4: the sensor and the internet of things module monitor related parameters and transmit the parameters back to the control center for dynamic regulation and control, so that deicing is effectively carried out.
FIG. 6 is a related sensor workflow diagram provided in accordance with the present design, as shown in FIG. 6: the process comprises the following steps:
the temperature detection port detects the temperature of the blade surface and the temperature around the blade through the temperature sensor arranged on the blade surface, and judges whether the ambient temperature can cause icing on the blade surface and the icing degree caused by the ambient temperature. And then transmit the early warning signal to big data platform, prepare "wisdom deicing" work. The port can detect data, judge the most suitable condition, transmit to the thing networking and reach the best.
The humidity detection port is used for detecting the humidity in the surrounding environment, judging the possible icing time and icing type of the blade according to the change of the humidity in the surrounding environment, and formulating the heating temperature and heating time suitable for the electric heating preheating system under the current condition based on the possible icing time and icing of the blade surface is quickly removed by the auxiliary ultrasonic deicing part. The port can detect data, judge the most suitable condition, transmit to the thing networking and reach the best.
When the air humidity is 80% -90%, the situation of supercooling is not considered, the situation is in the dangerous situation of icing, and the humidity sensor can provide early warning for the Internet of things so as to prepare for deicing.
The pressure detection port is used for detecting the thickness of ice coating on the surface of the blade, and the progress degree of deicing operation can be judged by detecting the change of the pressure on the blade, so that whether the ultrasonic frequency is changed or the ultrasonic deicing operation is stopped is selected. The port can detect data, judge the most suitable condition, transmit to the thing networking and reach the best.
Further: the control platform analyzes whether the data is in an icing range.
Since the icing of the fan blade is mainly transferred through heat conduction, an empirical formula is used herein to determine whether the blade is in an icing state through the heat flow.
According to
Wherein Q represents the heat passing through the object, lambda is the heat conductivity coefficient, minus sign indicates the heat transfer direction always points to the temperature decreasing direction, and A is the heat transfer area. When the temperature is about 4 ℃ to-10 ℃, the temperature detection port can transmit to the background early warning of the Internet of things, and an electric heating system and the like can be started to perform pre-deicing work before the possible icing arrives.
The axial thrust of the wind driven generator can be determined by Euler's law:
F T ＝ρAV(V 1 -V 2 )
wherein: f (F) T Is the axial thrust of the wind wheel, ρ is the air density, A is the swept area of the wind wheel,v is the wind speed at the rotating position of the wind wheel, and the wind speeds of the surfaces of the wind wheel are set to be equal 1 V is the speed of the wind wheel not falling 2 The speed of the wind wheel is the speed after the wind wheel descends.
The wind speed at the blades of the wind driven generator is:
wherein a is an axial induction factor.
The wind speed at the wind wheel and the wind speed of the air inflow and outflow directions of the blades are as follows:
dimensionless treatment is carried out on the frozen thickness characteristic quantity, and the following dimensionless numbers are introduced:
dimensionless icing area eta s ：
Dimensionless icing stagnation point thickness eta σ ：
Dimensionless upper icing limit eta u ：
Dimensionless icing lower limit eta d ：
Wherein A is the area of the fan blade, and c is the length of the fan blade.
The pressure detection port can transmit signals to the background of the Internet of things according to the difference of the wind speed and the compression degree, and then a reasonable deicing scheme is formulated.
When the wind speed V is 6-11km/h, the wind speed intensity can be used for generating electricity, the wind driven generator starts working, no obvious icing condition exists, when the wind speed V is greater than 11km/h, storm is generated around, the wind is easy to ice in the process to influence the operation of the fan, signals are transmitted to the Internet of things system, and the Internet of things can perform preliminary work in advance.
When the ambient temperature is lower than minus celsius, the icing temperature is reached (the blade areas of different specifications are not the same, here 60 square meters is the reference) when the icing area eta is zero s Greater than 30 to 40 square meters and a dimensionless icing stagnation point thickness eta σ When the distance exceeds 1cm, the electric heating system starts preheating and simultaneously transmits the preheating to the Internet of things system to make a reasonable deicing scheme, so that the prior conditions are provided for the frequency and the wavelength of the ultrasonic transmitter.
Dimensionless upper icing limit eta u Indicating the temperature of the ice to be frozen, regardless of local altitude, when eta u When the temperature is lower than 0 ℃, early warning can be made to the system, a reasonable scheme can be formulated by the control platform according to the dimensionless icing thickness and the dimensionless icing area, and finally connection of all links is realized through the Internet of things, so that the deicing effect is achieved.
When the icing operation starts, the lower limit eta of dimensionless icing d The temperature of the blade is between 5 ℃ and 10 ℃, which means that the temperature of the blade is not in icing state and can be according to the dimensionless icing lower limit eta d The deicing operation is finished in advance or is finished, and energy is further saved.
Further: and if the ice is in the icing range, deicing operation is performed. Otherwise, the process is repeated.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for a blade of a wind driven generator is characterized in that the intelligent ultrasonic deicing method is operated for a period of time in an auxiliary mode through electric heating embedded in the blade, a water layer is formed between a blade substrate and ice coating, and the ice coating is removed by utilizing shearing force generated by different speeds when ultrasonic waves propagate between the water layers, and the intelligent ultrasonic deicing device comprises: a temperature sensor; a humidity sensor; a pressure sensor; an infrared sensor.
2. The intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent ultrasonic deicing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the special energy converter and the electric heating belt are embedded in the blade during the manufacture of the blade, and the energy converter and the electric heating belt are directly arranged on the blade of the wind driven generator.
3. The intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent ultrasonic deicing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the storage battery is provided with a power supply system when the wind driven generator works and is used for providing electric energy for ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic generator.
4. The intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent ultrasonic deicing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the ultrasonic deicing device emits surface waves, lamb waves and interfacial waves.
5. The intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for the blades of the wind driven generator, according to claim 4, comprises the steps of controlling the ultrasonic generator to emit ultrasonic waves with target frequency, and enabling ice coating on the blades to fall off under the action of gravity to achieve a deicing effect.
6. The intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent ultrasonic deicing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the temperature sensor is disposed at the leading edge of the blade.
7. The intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent ultrasonic deicing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: humidity sensors are provided at the leading edge of the blade.
8. The intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent ultrasonic deicing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the pressure sensor is arranged at the leading edge of the blade.
9. The intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent ultrasonic deicing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the infrared sensor is disposed at the leading edge of the blade.
10. The ultrasonic intelligent deicing method for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the internet of things module and the sensors distributed on the blades form interconnection, when the surrounding temperature and humidity change to the icing critical point, the internet of things module can obtain real-time blade icing thickness through operation, and icing thickness data are transmitted to the ultrasonic system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310322363.6A CN117006003A (en) | 2023-03-29 | 2023-03-29 | Intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for wind driven generator blade |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310322363.6A CN117006003A (en) | 2023-03-29 | 2023-03-29 | Intelligent ultrasonic deicing method for wind driven generator blade |
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| CN117006003A true CN117006003A (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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| US20090189020A1 (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2009-07-30 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Aerodynamic Profile for Aircraft and Wind Power Stations and Method of Measuring the Thickness of Ice on an Aerodynamic Profile |
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| CN212389479U (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2021-01-22 | 大唐陕县风力发电有限责任公司 | Combined type blade deicing system |
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-
2023
- 2023-03-29 CN CN202310322363.6A patent/CN117006003A/en active Pending
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| US20090189020A1 (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2009-07-30 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Aerodynamic Profile for Aircraft and Wind Power Stations and Method of Measuring the Thickness of Ice on an Aerodynamic Profile |
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