CN117005248A - Inlay type combined frog core rail, inlay block structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Inlay type combined frog core rail, inlay block structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117005248A CN117005248A CN202311109893.9A CN202311109893A CN117005248A CN 117005248 A CN117005248 A CN 117005248A CN 202311109893 A CN202311109893 A CN 202311109893A CN 117005248 A CN117005248 A CN 117005248A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
- E01B7/10—Frogs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/001—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
- E01B7/10—Frogs
- E01B7/12—Fixed frogs made of one part or composite
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Providing an embedded combined frog core rail and insert structure and a preparation method thereof, and manufacturing a core rail and insert casting mold after determining forging ratio according to the embedded combined frog model; casting steel ingot after primary refining by an arc furnace, an LF+VD furnace or optionally refining one of the furnace and the VD furnace: the area of the cast steel ingot corresponding to the core rail and the triangular abrasion area of the harmful space of the insert is a local forging and rolling area, and the rest parts of the area are profiling casting areas; carrying out integral water toughening heat treatment after the local forging and rolling in the local forging and rolling area; and (5) machining and forming after the detection is qualified to obtain a core rail and insert finished product. The method solves the technical problems that the prior art for manufacturing the center rail and the insert of the embedded combined frog has limited life and low efficiency, high manufacturing cost and unstable quality; the method is relatively simple, the technical scheme is mature, the batch production of factories can be met, the manufacturing cost is relatively low, and the popularization value is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway track crossing frog, and particularly relates to an embedded combined frog core rail and embedded block structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The railway turnout at 160km/h and below mostly adopts fixed frog. The embedded high manganese steel or alloy steel combined frog has high strength and long service life, can realize seamless connection of lines, is one of main representatives of fixed frog, and is applied to heavy load and common speed lines in a large quantity.
In the manufacturing process of the embedded high manganese steel or alloy steel combined frog, shrinkage cavity, shrinkage porosity and inclusion defects exist on the cast high manganese steel substrate at times, so that the service life of the product is restricted; the forging high manganese steel can fully overcome the defects of shrinkage porosity, shrinkage cavity and the like through a forging process, and the structure is compact, so that the toughness of the high manganese steel is remarkably improved, and test detection data shows that the mechanical property of the product is far higher than that of a cast high manganese steel frog, so that a main-stream switch manufacturer in China refers to an embedded type combined frog structure, and sequentially develops a core rail and embedded integral type forged high manganese steel combined frog, and the core rail and embedded split type forged high manganese steel combined frog, so that small-batch production and application are carried out, and after a heavy-load circuit is tried out, the service life (through total weight) reaches more than 4 hundred million tons, and the service life of the alloy steel frog is longer than that of the alloy steel frog. Experiments show that the split forging high manganese steel combined frog of the core rail and the insert is superior to the integral forging high manganese steel frog in both material mechanical property and service life; therefore, the split forging high manganese steel combined frog with the core rail and the insert has better development prospect.
The core rail and insert split type forged high manganese steel combined frog is of an embedded structure, and the combined frog consists of the core rail, the insert and a common rail; wherein the head rail and the insert are the core components of the combined frog. The core rail and the insert are produced by adopting high manganese steel integral free forging, and the core rail and the insert have the characteristics of high strength and high toughness, and the section of a forging stock is rectangular, but the machining allowance and the thermal deformation are larger, so that the machining efficiency is low, the manufacturing cost is higher than that of alloy steel frog of the same type, and the mass production cannot be carried out at present.
At present, the frog paved on the railway front line in China is mainly a cast high manganese steel frog and alloy steel combined frog. The main disease forms of the frog in the service process are three types of longitudinal cracks of the working edge of the head rail with the section of 20 mm-50 mm, peeling off of the running surface, and collapse of the rail top surface. The cast defects such as shrinkage cavity, shrinkage porosity, microcrack, coarse grains, component tissue segregation and the like of the integral cast high manganese steel frog cannot be thoroughly eliminated in the casting process, and the frog is easy to collapse, peel off and fall off in the use process, so that the service life of the frog is reduced. The alloy steel combined frog has higher strength because the core rail structure is a bainite structure or a bainite/martensite complex phase structure, and the higher the strength of the material is, the lower the plasticity and toughness of the material are. In the severe working conditions that the load born by the frog is high-speed impact and friction of train wheels, and the like, after the running surface is damaged, such as cracks, falling blocks and the like, the development speed is far higher than that of a high manganese steel material, but the safety use performance of the high manganese steel material is reduced.
When used in the field: the common contact area of the tread and the frog consists of an insert abrasion triangle area and a section abrasion area of 30-50 mm of the head rail shown in figure 1, and the total contact width of the tread of the frog is 95-110 mm. The bearing width of the insert abrasion triangle area is gradually reduced from the tip end of the core rail to the 50mm section of the head of the core rail; the stress width of the area is larger, the area belongs to the transition area of the core rail and the insert bearing load, the area bears the larger impact load of the wheel, and the contact stress of the wheel and the core rail is far larger than that of the wheel and a common rail, so that the frog is in a state of being still intact at other parts, and the abrasion of the triangle area of the insert abrasion and the abrasion area of the core rail with the section of 30 mm-50 mm is serious or the abrasion is limited, so that the frog is in a down-road state.
The forged high manganese steel overcomes the defects of shrinkage porosity, shrinkage cavity and the like through a forging process, has compact structure, and has good mechanical properties, high strength of alloy steel materials and high toughness of high manganese steel materials. Therefore, the integral forged high manganese steel combined frog is developed by the company at present, is applied to heavy load lines in batches, and has a good use effect. However, the existing manufacturing process of the core rail and insert integral forging high manganese steel has the technical problems of high manufacturing cost, unstable quality and the like.
It is found by research that: as the main components of the embedded forged high manganese steel combined frog are the core rail and the embedded blocks, the area from 200mm before the theoretical tip of the frog to 50mm in the core rail is called as a 'harmful space', the track gauge line of the working edge of the area is intermittent, the bearing range of the frog is reduced, the train runs to the area, the smoothness is reduced, the wheel load force is increased, the wear of the frog is aggravated, the triangular wear is commonly generated in the area along with the continuous increase of the transportation capacity, the wear is obviously larger than other parts of the frog, and most of the frog finally comes down due to the fact that the wear of the 'harmful space' reaches the serious injury standard. In this regard, the following improvements have been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the utility model provides a mosaic combined frog core rail, insert structure and preparation method thereof, adopt and forge the local part of mosaic combined frog core rail, insert harmful space triangle wearing and tearing place region, other positions still adopt the split type manufacturing process of profile modeling casting technology manufacturing, solve current mosaic combined frog core rail, insert whole manufacturing process and lead to core rail, insert triangle wearing and tearing harmful space life-span limited, and core rail, insert current manufacturing process inefficiency, manufacturing cost is high, the unstable technical problem of quality.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: a manufacturing method of embedded combined frog core rail and insert comprises the steps of determining forging ratio according to the type of embedded combined frog, and manufacturing a core rail and insert casting mold; casting steel ingot after primary refining by an arc furnace, an LF+VD furnace or optionally refining one of the furnace and the VD furnace: the area of the cast steel ingot corresponding to the core rail and the triangular abrasion area of the harmful space of the insert is a local forging and rolling area, and the rest parts of the area are profiling casting areas; carrying out integral water toughening heat treatment after the local forging and rolling in the local forging and rolling area; and (5) machining and forming after the detection is qualified to obtain a core rail and insert finished product.
In the above technical solution, further: and the boundary between the local forging rolling area and the profiling casting area is in slope or fillet transition.
In the above technical solution, preferably: the cross section of the local forging rolling area is circular or polygonal; the section shape of the profiling casting area is profiling convex-concave shape.
In the above technical solution, preferably: and machining allowance before machining forming after the profiling casting area and the local forging rolling area are detected to be qualified is less than or equal to 30mm.
The forging ratio is 3-12; the core rail and insert casting mold is an ingot mold, a wood mold or a lost foam; when the core rail and the insert are locally forged and rolled in the local forging and rolling area, the core rail and the insert are locally forged and rolled: heating the core rail and the insert steel ingot to 900-1250 ℃, then cogging and forging, controlling the final forging temperature to 800-1150 ℃ and striking and forging by a hammer head; heating the billets after cogging to 950-1250 ℃, then preparing forging billets on a quick forging machine, and controlling the final forging temperature to be above 950 ℃; the heat treatment is water toughening treatment.
In the above technical solution, preferably: the core rail and the insert are made of forged high manganese steel or alloyed high manganese steel; the forged or alloyed high manganese steel is a high manganese steel specified in the national standard GB/T5680-1998 and a high manganese steel alloyed with one of chromium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron, aluminum, nitrogen, saw and rare earth elements and/or a composite thereof on the basis of this.
In the above technical solution, preferably: the area of the triangular abrasion area of the harmful space of the heart rail is an area from the end face of the heart rail to the width Y of the heart rail, which is less than or equal to 100 mm; the area of the triangular abrasion area of the harmful space of the insert corresponds to the area from the front X of the theoretical tip of the frog to the width Y of the head rail to the front X of the theoretical tip of the frog to the front X of the head rail.
The invention also requests to protect a mosaic type combined frog core rail and mosaic block structure, which comprises the core rail and the mosaic block in the preparation method of the mosaic type combined frog core rail and the mosaic block in the technical scheme; the embedded combined frog comprises a core rail, an insert, a wing rail, a fork heel rail, a high-strength bolt pair, a fastener system, a backing plate and a bridge backing plate, and is improved in that: the bottom surface of the front section of the heart rail and the bottom surface of the rear section of the heart rail are in step structure transition; the insert is provided with a front end arc structure and a rear end arc structure which are inlaid in the steel rail.
The outer side of the core rail and the steel rail are in a wedge-shaped matching structure; the section of the core rail and the steel rail are in a lock catch matching structure; the section of the insert matched with the steel rail is provided with an equal-width convex structure manufactured by processing a forming cutter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention relates to an embedded combined frog core rail and insert structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the local forging is carried out on the area of the triangular wearing area of the harmful space of the embedded combined frog core rail and insert, the rest parts are still manufactured by adopting a split type manufacturing process of a profiling casting process, the life of the harmful space of the triangular wearing of the core rail and the insert is effectively prolonged, the efficiency of the manufacturing process is also improved, the cost is effectively controlled, and the quality is relatively stable.
2. Compared with the manufacturing process of integrally forging the high manganese steel core rail and the insert, the manufacturing process of the invention forges the forging local (namely harmful space) area of the high manganese steel core rail and the insert, reduces the forging difficulty, improves the forging quality and the yield, and reduces the manufacturing cost; correspondingly, the geometric dimensions of the forged high manganese steel core rail and the insert are smaller before heat treatment, and the heat treatment process can be favorable for accelerating cooling, reducing carbide precipitation and having more excellent mechanical properties; meanwhile, 50% -70% of the areas of the forged high manganese steel core rail and the insert are profiling casting areas, machining allowance is small, machining difficulty is reduced, and production efficiency is improved.
3. According to the invention, the bottom surface of the front section of the heart rail is in a step structure, so that the bonding quality of the steel rail and the heart rail is improved.
4. The insert is of a circular arc structure from front to back and is inlaid in the steel rail, so that the matching quality is effectively improved, the matching section of the insert and the steel rail is of an equal-width structure, and the insert and the steel rail are cooperatively manufactured by adopting a forming cutter, so that the processing efficiency and the processing precision are improved.
5. The boundary between the forging and casting areas is in slope or fillet transition, the reserved forging and rolling manufacturing reserve and the machining allowance of the profiling casting machine are reserved, and the quality is stable.
6. The invention adopts an arc furnace for primary refining, an LF+VD furnace or optionally one refining furnace, and the chemical components, the gas content and the inclusion of molten steel meet the corresponding standards, thereby ensuring the high efficiency and the stable quality consistency of products.
7. The technical scheme of the invention is mature, can meet the batch production of factories, has relatively low manufacturing cost and has higher popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a prior art lower insert wear triangle and a section wear area of 30mm to 50mm of a core rail;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an embedded combined frog core rail and an embedded block of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a casting steel ingot structure before forging and rolling a high manganese steel core rail according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of one embodiment A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of another embodiment A-A of FIG. 4;
fig. 7 is a front view of the steel ingot structure of the invention after forging the high manganese steel core rail and before the whole water toughness heat treatment;
FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a sectional view B-B of FIG. 7;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of C-C of FIG. 7;
FIG. 12 is a D-D sectional view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 13 is a sectional E-E view of FIG. 7;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of a steel ingot structure before forging and rolling of the insert for forging high manganese steel according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a top view of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of one embodiment A-A of FIG. 14;
FIG. 17 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of another embodiment A-A of FIG. 14;
fig. 18 is a front view of a steel ingot structure after forging and rolling of a forged high manganese steel insert;
FIG. 19 is a top view of FIG. 18;
FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 19;
FIG. 21 is a B-B cross-sectional view of FIG. 19;
FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 19;
FIG. 23 is a top view of a shaped core rail;
fig. 24 is a front view of fig. 23;
FIG. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the core rail section associated with FIG. 23 in a snap-fit configuration with the rail;
FIG. 26 is a front view of a forming insert;
FIG. 27 is a schematic view of the structure of the constant width projection of the insert of FIG. 26;
in the figure: 1-core rail, 2-insert, 3-local forging and rolling area, 4-profiling casting area, 5-slope or fillet transition, 6-round or polygonal, 7-machining allowance, 101-core rail front section bottom surface, 102-core rail rear section bottom surface, 201-front end arc structure, 202-rear end arc structure and 203-equal width convex structure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 27 related to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A manufacturing method of embedded combined frog core rail and insert, according to the embedded combined frog model, manufacturing a core rail 1 and insert 2 casting mould after determining forging ratio; casting steel ingot after primary refining by an arc furnace, an LF+VD furnace or optionally refining one of the furnace and the VD furnace: the area of the cast steel ingot corresponding to the harmful space triangular abrasion area of the core rail 1 and the insert 2 is a local forging rolling area 3, and the rest parts are profiling casting areas 4, namely the core invention point of the invention; then, carrying out overall water toughening heat treatment after the local forging and rolling on the local forging and rolling area 3; and after the detection is qualified, machining and forming to obtain a finished product of the core rail 1 and the insert 2.
In the above embodiment, further: the boundary between the local forging rolling area 3 and the profiling casting area 4 is in a slope or fillet transition 5. The boundary between the forging and casting areas is in slope or fillet transition, the reserved forging and rolling manufacturing reserve and the machining allowance of the profiling casting machine are reserved, and the quality is stable.
On the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, it is preferable that: the cross section of the local forging rolling area 3 is circular or polygonal 6; the section shape of the profiling casting area 4 is profiling convex-concave shape. When the embodiment of the shape is adopted, the improvement of the processing efficiency is relatively favorable.
On the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, it is preferable that: and the machining allowance 7 before machining and forming after the profiling casting area 4 and the local forging and rolling area 3 are detected to be qualified is less than or equal to 30mm. When the allowance is maintained, the processing efficiency is relatively high, and the quality is relatively stable.
Based on the above invention, the invention adopts the following combination of the invention points in the prior art: the forging ratio is 3-12; the casting mould of the core rail 1 and the insert 2 is an ingot mould, a wood mould or a lost mould; when the core rail 1, the insert 2 and the local forging and rolling area 3 are subjected to local forging and rolling: the steel ingot of the core rail 1 and the insert 2 is heated to 900-1250 ℃ and then is cogged and forged, the final forging temperature is controlled to 800-1150 ℃, and the hammer head is used for striking and forging; heating the billets after cogging to 950-1250 ℃, then preparing forging billets on a quick forging machine, and controlling the final forging temperature to be above 950 ℃; thereafter, again on this basis, it is preferable that: the heat treatment is water toughening treatment.
On the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, the present invention is relatively further defined and preferred as follows: the core rail 1 and the insert 2 are made of forged high manganese steel or alloyed high manganese steel; the forged or alloyed high manganese steel is a high manganese steel specified in the national standard GB/T5680-1998 and a high manganese steel alloyed with one of chromium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron, aluminum, nitrogen, saw and rare earth elements and/or a composite thereof on the basis of this.
Based on any of the foregoing embodiments, for a specific track type, the preferred technical solutions and embodiments are: the area of the triangular abrasion zone of the harmful space of the heart rail 1 is an area from the end face of the heart rail 1 to the width Y of the heart rail 1, which is less than or equal to 100 mm; the area of the harmful space triangular abrasion area of the insert 2 corresponds to the area from the front X of the theoretical tip of the frog to the width Y of the head rail 1 to the width Y of the head rail to the width of 100 mm.
The invention also claims an embedded combined frog core rail and an embedded block structure: the method for manufacturing the head rail 1 and the insert 2 comprises the steps of preparing the head rail 1 and the insert 2 of the embedded combined frog in any one of the technical schemes and the embodiment, namely, the head rail 1 and the insert 2 are improved. The mosaic type combined frog comprises: the rail comprises a core rail 1, an insert 2, wing rails, fork heel rails, a high-strength bolt pair, a fastener system, a backing plate and a bridge backing plate. On the basis, for the mosaic type combined frog, the improvement is that: the bottom surface 101 of the front section of the heart rail and the bottom surface 102 of the rear section of the heart rail 1 are in step structure transition (see fig. 24); furthermore, the insert 2 has a front end arc structure 201 and a rear end arc structure 202 (see fig. 26) that are inlaid into the rail.
On the basis, the outer side of the core rail 1 and the steel rail form a wedge-shaped matching structure (as shown in figure 2); the section of the core rail 1 and the steel rail are in a lock catch matching structure (shown in figure 25); the insert 2 and the rail are matched in cross section and have an equal width convex structure 203 (shown in fig. 27) manufactured by machining with a forming knife.
From the above description it can be found that: the invention relates to an embedded combined frog core rail and insert structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the local forging is carried out on the area of the triangular wearing area of the harmful space of the embedded combined frog core rail and insert, the rest parts are still manufactured by adopting a split type manufacturing process of a profiling casting process, the life of the harmful space of the triangular wearing of the core rail and the insert is effectively prolonged, the efficiency of the manufacturing process is also improved, the cost is effectively controlled, and the quality is relatively stable.
Compared with the manufacturing process of integrally forging the high manganese steel core rail and the insert, the manufacturing process of the invention forges the forging local (namely harmful space) area of the high manganese steel core rail and the insert, reduces the forging difficulty, improves the forging quality and the yield, and reduces the manufacturing cost; correspondingly, the geometric dimensions of the forged high manganese steel core rail and the insert are smaller before heat treatment, and the heat treatment process can be favorable for accelerating cooling, reducing carbide precipitation and having more excellent mechanical properties; meanwhile, 50% -70% of the areas of the forged high manganese steel core rail and the insert are profiling casting areas, machining allowance is small, machining difficulty is reduced, and production efficiency is improved.
According to the invention, the bottom surface of the front section of the heart rail is in a step structure, so that the bonding quality of the steel rail and the heart rail is improved.
The insert is of a circular arc structure from front to back and is inlaid in the steel rail, so that the matching quality is effectively improved, the matching section of the insert and the steel rail is of an equal-width structure, and the insert and the steel rail are cooperatively manufactured by adopting a forming cutter, so that the processing efficiency and the processing precision are improved.
The boundary between the forging and casting areas is in slope or fillet transition, the reserved forging and rolling manufacturing reserve and the machining allowance of the profiling casting machine are reserved, and the quality is stable.
The invention adopts an arc furnace for primary refining, an LF+VD furnace or optionally one refining furnace, and the chemical components, the gas content and the inclusion of molten steel meet the corresponding standards, thereby ensuring the high efficiency and the stable quality consistency of products.
The technical scheme of the invention is mature, can meet the batch production of factories, has relatively low manufacturing cost and has higher popularization value.
In summary, the method for combining the local forging rolling and the local casting process combines the later heat treatment and machining; on one hand, the forging and rolling cost is reduced, the machining allowance is reduced, and on the other hand, the operation is simple, the quality is stable, the safety and the reliability are high, and the popularization value is high.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a related manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of an embedded combined frog core rail and an embedded block is characterized in that: according to the embedded type combined frog model, manufacturing a casting mould of the core rail (1) and the insert (2) after determining the forging ratio; casting steel ingot after primary refining by an arc furnace, an LF+VD furnace or optionally refining one of the furnace and the VD furnace: the areas of the cast steel ingot corresponding to the core rail (1) and the insert (2) in the harmful space triangular abrasion area are local forging and rolling areas (3), and the rest parts are profiling casting areas (4); carrying out integral water toughening heat treatment after the local forging and rolling in the local forging and rolling area (3); and after the detection is qualified, machining and forming to obtain the finished products of the core rail (1) and the insert (2).
2. The method for manufacturing the embedded combined frog core rail and the embedded block according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the boundary part of the local forging rolling area (3) and the profiling casting area (4) is in a slope or fillet transition (5).
3. The method for manufacturing the embedded combined frog core rail and the embedded block according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the cross section of the local forging rolling area (3) is circular or polygonal (6); the section shape of the profiling casting area (4) is profiling convex-concave shape.
4. The method for manufacturing the embedded combined frog core rail and the embedded block according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: and the machining allowance (7) before machining and forming after the profiling casting area (4) and the local forging and rolling area (3) are detected to be qualified is less than or equal to 30mm.
5. The method for manufacturing the embedded combined frog core rail and the embedded block according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the forging ratio is 3-12; the casting mould of the core rail (1) and the insert (2) is an ingot mould or a wood mould or a lost foam; when the core rail (1) and the insert (2) are locally forged and rolled in the local forging and rolling area (3): the steel ingot of the core rail (1) and the insert (2) is heated to 900-1250 ℃ and then is cogged and forged, the final forging temperature is controlled to 800-1150 ℃, and the hammer head is used for striking and forging; heating the billets after cogging to 950-1250 ℃, then preparing forging billets on a quick forging machine, and controlling the final forging temperature to be above 950 ℃; the heat treatment is water toughening treatment.
6. The method for manufacturing the embedded combined frog core rail and the embedded block according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the core rail (1) and the insert (2) are made of forged high manganese steel or alloyed high manganese steel; the forged or alloyed high manganese steel is a high manganese steel specified in the national standard GB/T5680-1998 and a high manganese steel alloyed with one of chromium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron, aluminum, nitrogen, saw and rare earth elements and/or a composite thereof on the basis of this.
7. The method for manufacturing the embedded combined frog core rail and the embedded block according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the area of the triangular abrasion zone of the harmful space of the heart rail (1) is an area from the end face of the heart rail (1) to the width Y of the heart rail (1) which is less than or equal to 100 mm; the area of the harmful space triangular abrasion area of the insert (2) corresponds to the area from X less than or equal to 500mm in front of the theoretical tip of the frog to Y less than or equal to 100mm in rail width of the head rail (1).
8. An embedded combined frog core rail and insert structure comprises a core rail (1) and an insert (2) which are described in the preparation methods of the embedded combined frog core rail and insert in claim 1, 5, 6 or 7; the embedded combined frog comprises a core rail (1), an embedded block (2), a wing rail, a fork heel rail, a high-strength bolt pair, a fastener system, a backing plate and a bridge backing plate, and is characterized in that: the bottom surface (101) of the front section of the heart rail and the bottom surface (102) of the rear section of the heart rail (1) are in step structure transition; the insert (2) has a front end arc structure (201) and a rear end arc structure (202) which are inlaid into the steel rail.
9. The mosaic composite frog core rail and insert structure of claim 8 wherein: the outer side of the core rail (1) and the steel rail form a wedge-shaped matching structure; the section of the core rail (1) and the steel rail are in a lock catch matching structure; the section of the insert (2) matched with the steel rail is provided with an equal-width convex structure (203) manufactured by a forming cutter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311109893.9A CN117005248A (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Inlay type combined frog core rail, inlay block structure and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311109893.9A CN117005248A (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Inlay type combined frog core rail, inlay block structure and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117005248A true CN117005248A (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202311109893.9A Pending CN117005248A (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Inlay type combined frog core rail, inlay block structure and preparation method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117005248A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-08-31 CN CN202311109893.9A patent/CN117005248A/en active Pending
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