CN117004445A - Method and system for preparing solid alternative fuel by using stale garbage - Google Patents
Method and system for preparing solid alternative fuel by using stale garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN117004445A CN117004445A CN202311014943.5A CN202311014943A CN117004445A CN 117004445 A CN117004445 A CN 117004445A CN 202311014943 A CN202311014943 A CN 202311014943A CN 117004445 A CN117004445 A CN 117004445A
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- equipment
- garbage
- light
- alternative fuel
- aged
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/09—Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams for components having more than two different of undetermined agglomeration states, e.g. supercritical states
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/60—Mixing solids with solids
- B01F23/69—Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Arrangements, e.g. comprising controlling means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/70—Pre-treatment of the materials to be mixed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/70—Pre-treatment of the materials to be mixed
- B01F23/704—Drying materials, e.g. in order to mix them in solid state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/70—Pre-treatment of the materials to be mixed
- B01F23/713—Sieving materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/83—Mixing plants specially adapted for mixing in combination with disintegrating operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/836—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments
- B01F33/8361—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments with disintegrating
- B01F33/83612—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments with disintegrating by crushing or breaking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/32—Compressing or compacting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/38—Stirring or kneading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/70—Kitchen refuse; Food waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/32—Molding or moulds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for preparing solid alternative fuel by using stale garbage, belonging to the technical field of household garbage recycling; comprising the following steps: sorting, drying, crushing and deironing the aged garbage in sequence to obtain a uniform aged garbage mixture; sieving the uniform mixture of the stale garbage, and carrying out air separation on the oversize material to obtain heavy aggregate and a first light material; winnowing the undersize to obtain humus soil and a second light matter; iron is removed from the first light material and the second light material, the light material uniform mixture is obtained after crushing, auxiliary materials are added into the light material uniform mixture, and the molded solid alternative fuel is obtained through punching and briquetting. The preparation process of the solid alternative fuel is simple, light matters in the mature garbage are fully utilized as alternative fuels, the reduction and recycling of the mature garbage can be realized, meanwhile, the solid alternative fuel has positive effects of relieving the crisis of fossil energy, and has popularization significance in the field of treatment of the mature garbage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of household garbage recycling, in particular to a method and a system for preparing solid alternative fuel by using stale garbage.
Background
For the treatment of the storage refuse landfill, the aged refuse is mainly excavated and then screened, the heavy aggregate is backfilled nearby, the humus soil is used for landscaping, and the light matters are transported to a household refuse incineration power plant for treatment. The disposal mode of the stale garbage is high in cost and low in energy recovery rate. Therefore, the light matters in the stale garbage are prepared into the solid alternative fuel, so that the reduction and reclamation of the stale garbage can be realized, and the method has positive effects on relieving the fossil energy crisis and has popularization significance in the field of stale garbage treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides the method and the system for preparing the solid alternative fuel by adopting the stale garbage, the preparation process of the solid alternative fuel is simple, the light matters in the stale garbage are fully utilized as alternative fuels, the reduction and the reclamation of the stale garbage can be realized, meanwhile, the method and the system have positive effects on relieving the crisis of fossil energy, and have popularization significance in the field of stale garbage treatment.
The invention discloses a method for preparing solid alternative fuel by using stale garbage, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, sorting, drying, crushing and deironing the aged garbage in sequence to obtain an aged garbage uniform mixture;
step 2, sieving the uniform mixture of the stale garbage, carrying out air separation on the oversize material to obtain heavy aggregate and a first light material, and removing iron from the first light material; winnowing the undersize to obtain humus and a second light matter, and removing iron from the second light matter;
and 3, crushing the first light matters and the second light matters subjected to iron removal to obtain a light matter uniform mixture, adding auxiliary materials into the light matter uniform mixture, and punching and briquetting to obtain the formed solid alternative fuel.
As a further improvement of the invention, the moisture content of the uniform mixture of the stale garbage is 15-30%, and the size is 100-200 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mud content of the light uniform mixture is less than or equal to 5 percent, and the size is 30-50 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the auxiliary materials comprise a leavening agent, an oxidizing agent, a catalyst and a sulfur fixing agent.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the auxiliary materials comprise, based on the weight of the light homogeneous mixture: 3-8% of sodium chloride, 5-12% of activated carbon, 1-2% of manganese dioxide, 3-5% of calcium oxide and 2-5% of kaolin.
As a further improvement of the invention, the volume of the solid alternative fuel is more than or equal to 1m 3 The low-grade heat value is more than or equal to 15MJ/kg.
The invention also discloses a system for preparing the solid alternative fuel by using the aged garbage, which is used for realizing the method for preparing the solid alternative fuel by using the aged garbage, and comprises the following steps: the device comprises feeding equipment, sorting equipment, drying equipment, first crushing equipment, first iron removal equipment and screening equipment which are sequentially arranged along the treatment direction of the stale garbage;
the oversize material of the screening device is subjected to first winnowing equipment to obtain heavy aggregate and first light material, and the first light material enters second crushing equipment after passing through second iron removing equipment; the undersize material of the screening device passes through a second winnowing device to obtain humus and a second light material, and the second light material enters a second crushing device after passing through a third iron removing device; and mixing the light matters in the second crushing equipment with auxiliary materials through the adding equipment, and then sending the mixture into the forming equipment to prepare the solid alternative fuel.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the feeding equipment comprises a plate feeder and a belt conveyor;
the sorting equipment is a manual sorting platform, is in a closed form and is provided with a ventilation system, and the ventilation system is used for removing large-size inorganic aggregate containing concrete blocks;
the drying equipment is a rotary drying cylinder and is used for conducting heating to reduce the water content of the stale garbage to 15% -30%;
the first crushing equipment is a double-shaft primary crusher and is used for crushing the aged garbage into uniform materials with the thickness of 100-200 mm;
the first iron removing device is a suspension magnet device and is used for removing ferrous metals in materials, and the separation efficiency is more than or equal to 90%.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the screening equipment is a drum screen, and the diameter of the screen holes is 20-40 mm;
the first winnowing device is a high-pressure positive winnowing machine with the power more than or equal to 37KW and is used for separating heavy aggregate and first light matters in the oversize products;
the second winnowing device is a low-pressure positive winnowing machine with the power less than or equal to 15KW and is used for separating humus from second light matters in undersize products;
the second iron removing device and the third iron removing device are suspension magnets and are used for removing ferrous metals in materials, and the separation efficiency is more than or equal to 90%.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the second crushing equipment is a double-shaft fine crusher, and the size of the crushed materials is 30-50 mm;
the adding equipment is a stirring mixer and is used for adding auxiliary materials;
the forming equipment is a hydraulic packer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the preparation process of the solid alternative fuel is simple and has strong operability, the light matter mixture is prepared through the procedures of drying, crushing, screening and the like, and the solid alternative fuel is prepared by adding auxiliary materials, so that the preparation process can solve the environmental problem of the stale garbage, and meanwhile, the alternative fuel with high heat value and easy storage can be manufactured, and can be applied to cement factories, coal-fired power plants and the like; the method has positive effects on relieving the crisis of fossil energy, and has popularization significance in the field of treatment of the stale garbage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for preparing solid alternative fuel by using stale garbage disclosed by the invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a system for preparing a solid alternative fuel from waste of stale type according to the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a method for preparing solid alternative fuel by using stale garbage, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, sorting, drying, crushing and deironing the aged garbage in sequence to obtain an aged garbage uniform mixture; wherein,
the stale garbage is a product which is naturally evolved for a long time after the garbage is buried, and is subjected to microbial decomposition and fermentation for many years, so that the garbage is generally high in water content, high in light matter content and low in organic matter content; the light matter of the stale garbage refers to light compositions such as plastics, rubber, leather, textiles, paper and the like in the stale garbage;
a sorting process for removing large inorganic aggregate such as concrete blocks and the like;
a drying procedure for reducing the water content of the stale garbage to 15% -30%;
a crushing procedure for crushing the stale garbage into uniform materials of 100-200 mm;
an iron removal procedure for removing ferrous metals in the material and ensuring the cleanliness of the material;
through the four treatment procedures, the uniform mixture of the stale garbage with 15-30% of water content and 100-200 mm of size is obtained.
Step 2, sieving the uniform mixture of the stale garbage, carrying out air separation on the oversize material to obtain heavy aggregate and a first light material, and removing iron from the first light material; winnowing the undersize to obtain humus and a second light matter, and removing iron from the second light matter; wherein,
screening procedure, which is used for passing the uniform mixture of the stale garbage through sieve holes with the diameter of 20-40 mm to obtain oversize products and undersize products;
a winnowing process of the oversize material, which is used for removing heavy aggregate through a high-pressure positive winnowing machine with the power more than or equal to 37KW to obtain clean first light material;
a winnowing process of the undersize material, which is used for removing humus by a low-pressure positive winnowing machine with the power less than or equal to 15KW to obtain a clean second light material;
an iron removal process of the first light matters, which is used for removing ferrous metals in the clean first light matters and ensuring the cleanliness of the final materials;
and an iron removing process of the second light matters, which is used for removing ferrous metals in the clean second light matters and ensuring the cleanliness of the final materials.
Step 3, crushing the first light matters and the second light matters subjected to iron removal to obtain a light matter uniform mixture, adding auxiliary materials into the light matter uniform mixture, and punching and briquetting to obtain the formed solid alternative fuel; wherein,
a crushing procedure for obtaining a light matter uniform mixture with the mud content less than or equal to 5% and the size of 30-50 mm;
an adding step for adding auxiliary materials such as a bulking agent, an oxidant, a catalyst, a sulfur fixing agent and the like into the light uniform mixture; preferably, the added auxiliary materials comprise, based on the weight of the light homogeneous mixture: 3-8% of sodium chloride, 5-12% of activated carbon, 1-2% of manganese dioxide, 3-5% of calcium oxide and 2-5% of kaolin;
a forming process for obtaining a single block with a volume of not less than 1m by punching and briquetting 3 The low-calorific-value of the solid alternative fuel is more than or equal to 15MJ/kg, and the solid alternative fuel can replace fossil fuel and is used for cement plants, coal-fired power plants and the like.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a system for preparing a solid alternative fuel from aged refuse, for implementing the above method for preparing a solid alternative fuel from aged refuse, comprising:
the device comprises feeding equipment, sorting equipment, drying equipment, first crushing equipment, first iron removal equipment and screening equipment which are sequentially arranged along the treatment direction of the stale garbage; the oversize material of the screening device is subjected to first winnowing equipment to obtain heavy aggregate and first light material, and the first light material enters second crushing equipment after passing through second iron removing equipment; the undersize material of the screening device passes through a second winnowing device to obtain humus and a second light material, and the second light material enters a second crushing device after passing through a third iron removing device; and mixing the light matters in the second crushing equipment with auxiliary materials through the adding equipment, and then sending the mixture into the forming equipment to prepare the solid alternative fuel.
Specific:
the feeding equipment comprises a plate feeder and a belt conveyor;
the sorting equipment is a manual sorting platform, is in a closed form and is provided with a ventilation system;
the drying device is a rotary drying cylinder and is used for conducting heating;
the first crushing equipment is a double-shaft primary crusher;
the first iron removing device, the second iron removing device and the third iron removing device are suspension magnets, and the separation efficiency is more than or equal to 90%;
the screening equipment is a drum screen, and the diameter of the screen holes is 20-40 mm;
the first winnowing device is a high-pressure positive winnowing machine with the power more than or equal to 37 KW;
the second winnowing device is a low-pressure positive winnowing machine with the power less than or equal to 15 KW;
the second crushing equipment is a double-shaft fine crusher;
the adding equipment is a stirring mixer;
the forming device is a hydraulic packer.
Examples:
a method and a system for preparing solid alternative fuel by using stale garbage comprise the following steps:
s1, conveying the stale garbage to a manual sorting platform by a chain plate feeder and a belt conveyor, wherein the width of the chain plate feeder is 1800mm, the center distance is 8000mm, the power is 5.5KW, the width of the belt conveyor is 1200mm, and the length of the belt conveyor is 15000mm;
s2, the manual sorting platform is of a steel structure, the external dimension is 5000mm multiplied by 4000mm, 2 manual sorting stations are arranged, the feeding port is 600mm multiplied by 900mm, and an air conditioner and a strong ventilation device are arranged indoors; manually sorting out large-size inorganic aggregates such as concrete blocks, stones and the like with the size exceeding 30 cm;
s3, drying the sorted stale garbage in a rotary drying cylinder, wherein the drying cylinder is heated in a conduction mode, the diameter of equipment is 2000mm, the length of equipment is 12000mm, the material retention time is 2-5 minutes, and the water content is reduced to 20%;
s4, the dried mature garbage enters a double-shaft primary crusher, the discharge size is set to be 100-200 mm, and the uniform material of the primary crushed mature garbage enters a screening procedure after iron removal;
s5, the materials after primary crushing enter a rotary drum screen for screening, the diameter of equipment is 2000mm, the length is 8000m, the diameter of a screen hole is 30mm, the power is 30KW, and the screening efficiency is more than 95%;
s6, the mixture on the screen enters a high-power high-pressure positive winnowing machine for separation, the power of a centrifugal fan is 40KW, the wind pressure is 2.5kPa, the separation efficiency is more than 92%, the low impurity rate heavy aggregate after iron removal is recycled, and the light material enters a forming process;
s7, the undersize mixture enters a low-power low-pressure positive winnowing machine for separation, the power of a centrifugal fan is 12KW, the wind pressure is 1.2kPa, the separation efficiency is more than 98%, the low impurity content humus after iron removal is recycled, and light matters enter a forming process;
s8, enabling the light matters with low impurity content to enter a double-shaft fine crusher, enabling the discharge size to be set to be 30-50 mm, enabling the light matters to be uniform, and enabling the light matters to enter a stirring mixer to be added with auxiliary materials;
s9, selecting 3% of sodium oxide, 10% of activated carbon, 1.5% of manganese dioxide, 5% of calcium oxide and 2% of kaolin as auxiliary materials of the solid alternative fuel, wherein the mixture ratio has the functions of supporting combustion, sulfur fixation, smoke suppression and the like;
s10, feeding the light mixture with the auxiliary materials into a hydraulic packer, and packing to obtain a solid alternative fuel monolithic volume of 1m 3 Packing density 800kg/m 3 The low-grade heat value is more than or equal to 15MJ/kg.
S11, transferring the formed solid alternative fuel to a warehouse for storage by a forklift, and transferring the solid alternative fuel to a cement plant, a coal-fired power plant and the like by a scooter to serve as alternative fuel of fossil energy.
Description: each construction parameter of the solid alternative fuel prepared from the stale garbage is tested according to the site condition, so that the operability of the whole equipment and the smoothness of the process flow are ensured, and the implementation effect of the solid alternative fuel prepared from the stale garbage is ensured.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention can realize the recycling of the stale garbage on the basis of realizing the environmental treatment of the stale garbage, and light matters in the stale garbage are prepared into solid alternative fuel which has high heat value and easy storage, can replace fossil fuel used by cement plants and coal-fired power plants, and relieves the energy pressure.
2. The key equipment in the pretreatment process is drying, the water content of the aged garbage can be greatly reduced by rotating the drying cylinder, the aged garbage can be more easily screened after the water content is reduced, and meanwhile, the screened light matter has lower mud content; the low mud content of the light matters not only can ensure the high heat value of the solid waste alternative fuel, but also can ensure that the light matters can not generate malodorous gas due to decomposition of adhered humus soil, thereby being more beneficial to storage.
3. The screening process of the invention is provided with two sets of winnowing equipment, the high-power high-pressure winnowing machine can separate light matters in the oversize matters, and the humus soil of the undersize matters still contains a large amount of light matters with small particle size, and the light matters in the humus soil can be separated out by adding the low-power low-pressure winnowing machine, so that the maximum proportion recovery of the light matters in the stale garbage is realized, and meanwhile, the impurity rate of the humus soil can be reduced, thereby being beneficial to the recycling utilization of the undersize humus soil.
4. According to the invention, two crushing devices are arranged, the performances of the crushing devices are different, the primary crushing before the screening process can ensure the uniformity of the stale garbage materials, and the smooth sorting of the screening devices is facilitated; the uniformity of light material can be ensured by fine crushing after the sieving procedure, which is beneficial to preparing solid alternative fuel and is convenient for packing and forming.
5. The invention is provided with three iron removing devices, and the suspension magnet devices are respectively arranged after the primary crushing of the aged garbage and before the light matters enter the fine crushing due to the physical complexity of the aged garbage, so that the cleanliness of the light matters can be ensured, and the recycling of ferrous metals can be realized.
6. According to the invention, auxiliary materials are added to the light material, the auxiliary material components and the addition proportion are summarized according to similar engineering experience, so that the addition of the auxiliary materials can not only improve the heat value of the solid alternative fuel prepared from the aged garbage, but also reduce the harmful gas generation amount in the alternative fuel combustion process, and ensure the feasibility of the prepared fuel to replace fossil fuel.
In conclusion, the preparation process of the solid alternative fuel is simple, the operability is high, the light material mixture is prepared through the procedures of drying, crushing, screening and the like, and the solid alternative fuel is prepared by adding auxiliary materials, so that the environment problem of the aged garbage is solved, and meanwhile, the alternative fuel with high heat value and easy storage is prepared, and the solid alternative fuel can be applied to cement factories, coal-fired power plants and the like; the method has positive effects on relieving the crisis of fossil energy, and has popularization significance in the field of treatment of the stale garbage.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing solid alternative fuel by using stale garbage, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, sorting, drying, crushing and deironing the aged garbage in sequence to obtain an aged garbage uniform mixture;
step 2, sieving the uniform mixture of the stale garbage, carrying out air separation on the oversize material to obtain heavy aggregate and a first light material, and removing iron from the first light material; winnowing the undersize to obtain humus and a second light matter, and removing iron from the second light matter;
and 3, crushing the first light matters and the second light matters subjected to iron removal to obtain a light matter uniform mixture, adding auxiliary materials into the light matter uniform mixture, and punching and briquetting to obtain the formed solid alternative fuel.
2. The method for preparing the solid alternative fuel by using the aged garbage according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the aged garbage uniform mixture is 15% -30% and the size is 100-200 mm.
3. The method for preparing the solid alternative fuel by using the aged garbage according to claim 1, wherein the sludge content of the light uniform mixture is less than or equal to 5%, and the size is 30-50 mm.
4. The method for preparing a solid alternative fuel using aged waste according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary materials include a leavening agent, an oxidizing agent, a catalyst, and a sulfur-fixing agent.
5. The method for preparing a solid alternative fuel using aged waste according to claim 4, wherein said auxiliary materials comprise, based on the weight of said homogeneous mixture of light materials: 3-8% of sodium chloride, 5-12% of activated carbon, 1-2% of manganese dioxide, 3-5% of calcium oxide and 2-5% of kaolin.
6. The method for preparing solid alternative fuel by using aged refuse as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume of the solid alternative fuel is not less than 1m 3 The low-grade heat value is more than or equal to 15MJ/kg.
7. A system for preparing solid alternative fuel from aged waste, for implementing the method for preparing solid alternative fuel from aged waste according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: the device comprises feeding equipment, sorting equipment, drying equipment, first crushing equipment, first iron removal equipment and screening equipment which are sequentially arranged along the treatment direction of the stale garbage;
the oversize material of the screening device is subjected to first winnowing equipment to obtain heavy aggregate and first light material, and the first light material enters second crushing equipment after passing through second iron removing equipment; the undersize material of the screening device passes through a second winnowing device to obtain humus and a second light material, and the second light material enters a second crushing device after passing through a third iron removing device; and mixing the light matters in the second crushing equipment with auxiliary materials through the adding equipment, and then sending the mixture into the forming equipment to prepare the solid alternative fuel.
8. The system for preparing solid alternative fuel by using aged refuse as set forth in claim 7, wherein,
the feeding equipment comprises a plate feeder and a belt conveyor;
the sorting equipment is a manual sorting platform, is in a closed form and is provided with a ventilation system, and the ventilation system is used for removing large-size inorganic aggregate containing concrete blocks;
the drying equipment is a rotary drying cylinder and is used for conducting heating to reduce the water content of the stale garbage to 15% -30%;
the first crushing equipment is a double-shaft primary crusher and is used for crushing the aged garbage into uniform materials with the thickness of 100-200 mm;
the first iron removing device is a suspension magnet device and is used for removing ferrous metals in materials, and the separation efficiency is more than or equal to 90%.
9. The system for preparing solid alternative fuel by using aged refuse as set forth in claim 7, wherein,
the screening equipment is a drum screen, and the diameter of the screen holes is 20-40 mm;
the first winnowing device is a high-pressure positive winnowing machine with the power more than or equal to 37KW and is used for separating heavy aggregate and first light matters in the oversize products;
the second winnowing device is a low-pressure positive winnowing machine with the power less than or equal to 15KW and is used for separating humus from second light matters in undersize products;
the second iron removing device and the third iron removing device are suspension magnets and are used for removing ferrous metals in materials, and the separation efficiency is more than or equal to 90%.
10. The system for preparing solid alternative fuel by using aged refuse as set forth in claim 7, wherein,
the second crushing equipment is a double-shaft fine crusher, and the size of the crushed materials is 30-50 mm;
the adding equipment is a stirring mixer and is used for adding auxiliary materials;
the forming equipment is a hydraulic packer.
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| CN202311014943.5A CN117004445A (en) | 2023-08-14 | 2023-08-14 | Method and system for preparing solid alternative fuel by using stale garbage |
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| CN202311014943.5A CN117004445A (en) | 2023-08-14 | 2023-08-14 | Method and system for preparing solid alternative fuel by using stale garbage |
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