CN1169978C - 可溶性锡盐用作低品位黄铜矿型硫化铜矿细菌浸出的催化剂的用途 - Google Patents

可溶性锡盐用作低品位黄铜矿型硫化铜矿细菌浸出的催化剂的用途 Download PDF

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CN1169978C
CN1169978C CNB011315822A CN01131582A CN1169978C CN 1169978 C CN1169978 C CN 1169978C CN B011315822 A CNB011315822 A CN B011315822A CN 01131582 A CN01131582 A CN 01131582A CN 1169978 C CN1169978 C CN 1169978C
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leaching
copper
catalyst
ore
low
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CN1360066A (zh
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邱冠周
柳建设
胡岳华
王军
覃文庆
张在海
徐競
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Central South University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

一种低品位黄铜矿型硫化铜矿细菌浸出用催化剂。本发明采用阳离子型催化剂对细菌浸矿过程进行强化,所述的阳离子型催化剂为可溶性锡盐,加入量为0.5g~0.05gSn/t矿。采用本发明可以提高铜的浸出速度和浸出率。在较低的锡离子用量下,可提高铜浸出率25%左右;当锡离子添加量达到0.32gSn/t矿时,催化效果非常显著,提高铜浸出率达50%,并且“滞后期”缩短4天。

Description

可溶性锡盐用作低品位黄铜矿型硫化铜矿细菌浸出的催化剂的用途
[技术领域]本发明涉及一种用于低品位黄铜矿型硫化铜矿细菌浸出的催化剂。特别是采用可溶性锡盐作催化剂的用途。
[背景技术]我国铜金属的保有贮量为6428万吨,其中工业贮量为3700万吨。但资源特点是以低品位复杂共生矿为主,铜的平均品位0.48%。在全国未开采利用的铜资源中有50%是属于低品位的。正在开采的铜矿山,在开采过程中都产生了大量的表外矿、废石和尾矿,其中含铜在0.3%以下的表外矿和废石中铜金属量在600万吨以上,废弃的尾矿中铜金属量在200万吨以上。用传统的选-冶技术生产,吨铜成本高,并且产生大量的“三废”环境污染。业已发现,硫化矿细菌浸出过程中应用最普遍的浸矿菌种是氧化亚铁硫杆菌、氧化铁铁杆菌、氧化硫硫杆菌等细菌。这些微生物主要以矿床中的亚铁、元素硫和还原态的硫化物为生长能源,几乎能氧化所有的硫化矿物。硫化矿的细菌浸出过程最大的问题是细菌浸出的速度较低,特别是黄铜矿型硫化矿的细菌浸出速度低。
[发明内容]为了强化低品位硫化铜矿细菌浸出过程,提高硫化矿的细菌浸出速度和浸出率,特提出本发明。
黄铜矿属四方晶系(c=525pm,a=1032pm),其四面体晶胞大约相当于两个闪锌矿的晶格组合在一起,在其中的一半结构中,四个锌原子被铜原子和两个铁原子取代,铁原子与铜原子沿c轴交替排列;在另一半结构中,硫原子位置保持不变。黄铜矿的这种晶格结构使其具有较高的点阵能(17500kJ),因此晶体结构稳定,难以分解,这是造成黄铜矿难以用化学方法或细菌浸出的主要原因之一。
本发明针对以黄铜矿型为主的原生硫化铜矿及次生硫化铜矿的低品位硫化铜矿,采用新的阳离子型催化剂对细菌浸矿过程进行强化,以提高浸矿速度和浸出率。所述的阳离子型催化剂为可溶性锡盐,使用时将其配成溶液,起催化作用的为锡离子,加入量为0.05g~0.5gSn/t矿。
锡离子在浸出体系中的催化作用原理如下:
①锡离子与黄铜矿作用,在其表面形成SnS膜:
           
②一旦硫化锡膜生成,黄铜矿表面将会形成CuFeS2-SnS微电池,发生如下反应使Sn2+得到再生。
           
③Fe3+,S0被细菌氧化:
           
④Fe3+再将SnS氧化,使Sn2+得以再生:
           
在浸矿体系中引入少量的锡离子可以提高铜的浸出速度和浸出率。在一定的锡离子浓度范围内,锡离子添加量愈大,催化效果愈好。在较低的锡离子用量下,可提高铜浸出率25%左右;当锡离子添加量达到0.32g/t矿左右时,催化效果非常显著,提高铜浸出率达50%以上,并且“滞后期”缩短4天。
[具体实施方式]试料为含90%的原生黄铜矿型矿,破碎至-3mm,处理量20kg/柱,浸矿温度为室温。未加阳离子的情况下,经过近半年的细菌浸出,铜的浸出率仅达到9.0%左右,铁的浸出率16%左右。随着锡离子添加量的增大铜的浸出率随之上升,而铁的浸出率却随之下降。试验结果表明,在0.05gSn/t矿~0.5gSn/t矿用量情况下,铜的浸出率达到50%以上,并且“滞后期”仅为1天左右。

Claims (1)

1.可溶性锡盐用作低品位黄铜矿型硫化铜矿细菌浸出的催化剂的用途,其特征在于:将可溶性锡盐配成溶液,加入量为0.05g~0.5gSn/t矿。
CNB011315822A 2001-12-03 2001-12-03 可溶性锡盐用作低品位黄铜矿型硫化铜矿细菌浸出的催化剂的用途 Expired - Fee Related CN1169978C (zh)

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