CN116995714B - Energy storage converter and control method thereof - Google Patents
Energy storage converter and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116995714B CN116995714B CN202311264712.XA CN202311264712A CN116995714B CN 116995714 B CN116995714 B CN 116995714B CN 202311264712 A CN202311264712 A CN 202311264712A CN 116995714 B CN116995714 B CN 116995714B
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 172
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
- H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an energy storage converter and a control method thereof, wherein the energy storage converter comprises: the device comprises a rectifying module, a bus capacitor, a filter inductor, a path switching module, a control circuit and a battery module, wherein the rectifying module comprises a first controllable switch, a first end of the first controllable switch is connected with a positive direct current bus, a second end of the first controllable switch is connected with the path switching module, the path switching module is also connected with the positive direct current bus and the first end of the bus capacitor, the control circuit outputs a pulse width modulation signal and a first path switching signal after receiving a starting signal of the energy storage converter, the first path switching signal enables the bus capacitor to be connected with the direct current bus through the first controllable switch, the pulse width modulation signal enables the first controllable switch to be periodically conducted, the bus capacitor is periodically connected with the battery module through the filter inductor, and the battery module is controlled to charge the bus capacitor.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technology of power distribution devices, in particular to an energy storage converter and a control method thereof.
Background
Along with the great development of new energy technology, the energy storage converter is widely applied to actual production, and the energy storage converter is used for realizing the power device of alternating current-direct current conversion.
If the bus capacitor is in a state of no charge in the energy storage converter, the energy storage converter is controlled to perform AC/DC conversion, and a large impact current is easily generated at the moment of closing the controllable switch in the energy storage converter, so that the electronic device is damaged.
However, during the precharge process, the resistor in the precharge circuit generates heat loss, and it is unavoidable that the energy storage converter cannot be normally started when it is in an off-grid state or the ac power grid cannot supply ac power.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an energy storage converter and a control method thereof, which are used for reducing the starting power consumption of the energy storage converter and enabling the energy storage converter to have off-grid operation and black starting functions.
Some embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage converter, comprising: the device comprises a rectifying module, a bus capacitor, a filter inductor, a path switching module, a control circuit and a battery module;
the alternating current side of the rectifying module is used for being connected with an alternating current power grid, the direct current side of the rectifying module is connected with a direct current bus, the positive direct current bus is connected with the first end of the filter inductor, the second end of the filter inductor is connected with the first end of the battery module, and the second end of the battery module is connected with the negative direct current bus;
the rectifying module comprises a first controllable switch, a first end of the first controllable switch is connected with the positive direct current bus, a second end of the first controllable switch is connected with the path switching module, and the path switching module is also connected with the positive direct current bus and the first end of the bus capacitor;
the control circuit outputs a pulse width modulation signal and a first path switching signal after receiving a starting signal of the energy storage converter, wherein the first path switching signal is used for enabling a first end of the bus capacitor to be communicated with the positive DC bus through a first controllable switch; the pulse width modulation signal is used for enabling the first controllable switch to be periodically conducted, and the bus capacitor is periodically connected with the battery module through the filter inductor to control the battery module to charge the bus capacitor.
In some embodiments, the control circuit is further configured to output a second path switching signal when the voltage of the bus capacitor is greater than a preset voltage threshold, where the second path switching signal is used to directly connect the first end of the bus capacitor to the positive dc bus; and filtering the direct-current side signal of the rectifying module by using the bus capacitor and the filter inductor, wherein the preset voltage threshold is determined according to the working voltage on the direct-current bus.
In some embodiments, the energy storage converter further comprises an ac side switch; the rectification module is connected with an alternating current power grid through an alternating current side switch;
the control circuit is also used for monitoring the voltage of the bus capacitor, outputting a conduction control signal at the output end when the voltage of the bus capacitor is larger than a preset voltage threshold value, and controlling the conduction of the alternating-current side switch.
In some embodiments, the control circuit is further configured to output a rectification control signal when the voltage of the bus capacitor is greater than a preset voltage threshold; the rectification control signal is used for controlling the rectification module to convert an alternating current signal of the alternating current power grid into a direct current signal to be output, or convert the direct current signal output by the battery module into an alternating current signal to be output.
In some embodiments, the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal is the same for each period or increases sequentially for each period.
In some embodiments, the path switching module comprises a controllable single pole double throw switch.
Some embodiments of the present application provide a control method of an energy storage converter, where the energy storage converter includes: the device comprises a rectifying module, a bus capacitor, a filter inductor, a path switching module, a control circuit and a battery module;
the alternating current side of the rectifying module is used for being connected with an alternating current power grid, the direct current side of the rectifying module is connected with a direct current bus, the positive direct current bus is connected with the first end of the filter inductor, the second end of the filter inductor is connected with the first end of the battery module, and the second end of the battery module is connected with the negative direct current bus; the rectifying module comprises a first controllable switch, a first end of the first controllable switch is connected with the positive direct current bus, a second end of the first controllable switch is connected with the path switching module, and the path switching module is also connected with the positive direct current bus and the first end of the bus capacitor; the control method comprises the following steps:
after receiving a starting signal of the energy storage converter, outputting a pulse width modulation signal and a first path switching signal, wherein the first path switching signal is used for enabling a first end of a bus capacitor to be communicated with an anode direct current bus through a first controllable switch; the pulse width modulation signal is used for enabling the first controllable switch to be periodically conducted, and the bus capacitor is periodically connected with the battery module through the filter inductor to control the battery module to charge the bus capacitor.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
outputting a second path switching signal when the voltage of the bus capacitor is greater than a preset voltage threshold, wherein the second path switching signal is used for enabling the first end of the bus capacitor to be directly communicated with the positive DC bus; and filtering the direct-current side signal of the rectifying module by using the bus capacitor and the filter inductor, wherein the preset voltage threshold is determined according to the working voltage on the direct-current bus.
In some embodiments, the energy storage converter further comprises an ac side switch; the rectification module is connected with an alternating current power grid through an alternating current side switch;
the control method further comprises the step of monitoring the voltage of the bus capacitor, and outputting a conduction control signal at the output end when the voltage of the bus capacitor is larger than a preset voltage threshold value, wherein the conduction control signal is used for controlling the conduction of the alternating-current side switch.
In some embodiments, the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal is the same for each period or the duty cycle of each period increases in turn.
Compared with the prior art, the energy storage converter and the control method thereof provided by the application need to increase the pre-charging circuit and design the control process of the pre-charging circuit, the energy storage converter does not need to increase the pre-charging circuit, the working path of the energy storage converter is switched by the path switching module, the charging of the bus capacitor can be realized by the original power switch in the energy storage converter, the circuit is simplified, the components are reduced, the off-grid operation and the black start function can be realized when no power grid is used for supplying power, the energy storage converter has certain economical efficiency, the use scene is widened, the energy storage converter can be applied to a harsher energy storage environment, and the flexibility is greatly increased. In addition, the energy storage converter provided by the application does not need to be additionally provided with a pre-charging resistor, the problems of heating of a pre-charging circuit and the like caused by the work of the pre-charging resistor can not be introduced, and energy sources are saved more.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an energy storage converter;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an energy storage converter according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3A is a schematic diagram of a charging loop during charging of the energy storage converter;
fig. 3B is a circuit diagram of the energy storage converter after the bus capacitor is charged;
FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of a pulse width modulated signal with a fixed pulse width;
fig. 4B and fig. 4C are schematic diagrams illustrating voltage-current variation trend during precharge under the control of the pwm signal shown in fig. 4A;
FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a pulse width modulated signal with gradually varying pulse width;
fig. 5B and 5C are schematic diagrams illustrating voltage-current variation trend during precharge under the control of the pwm signal shown in fig. 5A.
Reference numerals:
s1, a first controllable switch; s2, a second controllable switch; s3, a third controllable switch; s4, a fourth controllable switch; sac, alternating current side switch; r0, a precharge resistor; C. a bus capacitor; l, a filter inductor; 130. a battery module; 120. an alternating current grid; 110. and a rectifying module. 150. And a path switching module.
Specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in more detail. These drawings and the written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts in any way, but to illustrate the concepts of the present application to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the accompanying claims.
It should be noted that, the user information (including but not limited to user equipment information, user personal information, etc.) and the data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, presented data, etc.) related to the present application are information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by each party, and the collection, use and processing of the related data need to comply with the related laws and regulations and standards of the related country and region, and provide corresponding operation entries for the user to select authorization or rejection.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a conventional energy storage converter. As shown in fig. 1, the energy storage converter includes a rectifying module 110, a filter inductance L, a bus capacitor C, and a battery module 130. The direct current side of the rectification module 110 is connected with a direct current bus, the alternating current side of the rectification module 110 is connected with the alternating current power grid 120, and the rectification module 110 is used for converting an alternating current signal on the alternating current power grid 120 into a direct current signal and outputting the direct current signal to the direct current bus, or converting the direct current signal on the direct current bus into an alternating current signal and outputting the alternating current signal to the alternating current power grid 120. The positive DC bus is connected with the first end of the filter inductor L and the first end of the bus capacitor C, the bus capacitor C and the filter inductor L form a filter circuit, and the filter circuit is used for filtering the DC electric signal output by the rectifying module and reducing ripple waves in the DC electric signal. The battery module 130 is connected with the dc bus through the filter inductor, and the dc signal output by the rectifying module is used to charge the battery module 130. The battery module 130 may also output an ac signal to the ac power grid 120 after being converted by the rectifying module 110. A separation switch (not shown in the drawing) is generally provided between the filter inductance L and the battery module 130.
The rectifying module 110 includes a first controllable switch S1, a second controllable switch S2, a third controllable switch S3, and a fourth controllable switch S4. The first controllable switch S1 and the second controllable switch S2 form one leg of the rectifying module 110, and the third controllable switch S3 and the fourth controllable switch S4 form the other leg. The two bridge arms are connected in parallel and then connected with the direct current bus. The connection node between the first controllable switch S1 and the second controllable switch S2 serves as one terminal of the ac side of the rectification module 110, and the connection node between the third controllable switch S3 and the fourth controllable switch S4 serves as the other terminal of the ac side of the rectification module 110.
The energy storage converter further comprises an ac side switch Sac, and the rectifying module 110 is connected to the ac power grid 120 through the ac side switch Sac. When the energy storage converter is closing the ac side switch Sac, if the bus capacitor C is in a non-charged state, a large impact current is easily generated at the moment of closing the ac side switch Sac, which causes damage to the electronic device.
In order to avoid damage to the electronic devices due to the impact current, a pre-charging loop is arranged on the ac side of the energy storage converter, and the bus capacitor C is pre-charged by an ac signal on the ac power grid 120. After the precharge is completed, a rectification control signal is output to the rectification module 110, and the start of the energy storage converter is realized.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the precharge circuit includes a precharge resistor R0 and a precharge switch S0. When the energy storage converter needs to be started, the precharge switch S0 is closed, a first charging loop is formed among the precharge resistor R0, the freewheeling diode D3 of the third controllable switch S3, the bus capacitor C, the freewheeling diode D2 of the second controllable switch S2, and the ac power grid 120, and a second charging loop is formed among the freewheeling diode D1 of the first controllable switch S1, the bus capacitor C, the freewheeling diode D4 of the fourth controllable switch S4, the precharge resistor R0, and the ac power grid 120. The ac electrical signal in the ac power grid 120 charges the bus capacitor C through the charging circuit.
After the precharge is finished, the control circuit generates a relevant control signal to control the closing time of the first controllable switch S1, the second controllable switch S2, the third controllable switch S3 and the fourth controllable switch S4, so that the rectifying module 110 performs ac-dc conversion.
However, the pre-charging resistor R0 generates heat loss during charging, and when the energy storage converter needs to operate off-grid or the ac power grid 120 cannot provide an ac signal, the bus capacitor C cannot be charged, so that the energy storage converter cannot be started to operate normally.
The application makes the path switch module 150 be connected with the second end of the first controllable switch S1 respectively, the positive direct current bus and the first end of the bus capacitor C are connected, the path switch module 150 is controlled by the first path switch signal of the control circuit, the first end of the bus capacitor C is connected with the positive direct current bus through the first controllable switch S1, the first controllable switch S1 is controlled to be periodically conducted by the output pulse width modulation signal, a charging loop is formed among the battery module 130, the filter inductor L and the bus capacitor C, the battery module 130 charges the bus capacitor C through the charging loop, and the charging of the bus capacitor C can be realized when the energy storage converter is in off-grid state or the alternating current power grid 120 cannot provide alternating current, so that the energy storage converter has off-grid operation and black start functions. And the first controllable switch S1 is periodically turned on by outputting a pulse width modulation signal, so that the charging current of the battery module 130 for charging the bus capacitor C can be adjusted, and a relatively large peak current is avoided during charging. In addition, an additional controllable switching device is not needed to be added, and the cost of the energy storage converter is reduced. When the voltage of the direct current bus is greater than the threshold voltage, the control circuit outputs a second path switching signal, controls the path switching module 150 to enable the first end of the bus capacitor C to be directly connected with the positive direct current bus, and the bus capacitor C and the filter inductor L form a filter circuit to filter the direct current signal output by the rectifying module and reduce ripple waves on the direct current bus.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an energy storage converter according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the energy storage converter includes a rectifying module 110, a bus capacitor C, a filter inductor L, a path switching module 150, a control circuit (not shown) and a battery module 130, where the battery module 130 includes a plurality of battery packs 130. The battery module 130 is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be selected as a battery pack formed by at least one energy storage battery jack series/parallel connection, a battery pack formed by at least one battery cluster series/parallel connection, or a battery pack formed by at least one energy storage container series/parallel connection.
The rectifying module 110 includes an ac side and a dc side, the ac side of the rectifying module 110 is used for connecting to the ac power grid 120, the dc side of the rectifying module 110 is connected to a dc bus, a positive dc bus is connected to a first end of the filter inductor L, a second end of the filter inductor L is connected to a first end of the battery module 130, and a second end of the battery module 130 is connected to a negative dc bus. A separation switch (not shown in the drawing) is generally provided between the filter inductance L and the battery module 130.
The rectifying module 110 includes a first controllable switch S1, a first end of the first controllable switch S1 is connected to the positive dc bus, a second end of the first controllable switch S1 is connected to a third fixed end of the path switching module 150, the first fixed end of the path switching module is connected to the positive dc bus, and the second fixed end of the path switching module is connected to the negative dc bus after being connected to the bus capacitor in series. The control circuit outputs a pulse width modulation signal and a first path switching signal after receiving a starting signal of the energy storage converter. The first path switching signal is used for enabling the first end of the busbar capacitor C to be connected with the positive direct current busbar through the first controllable switch S1. The pulse width modulation signal is used for periodically conducting the first controllable switch S1, and the bus capacitor C periodically turns on the battery module 130 through the filter inductor L to control the battery module 130 to charge the bus capacitor C.
By this arrangement, the first end of the busbar capacitance C is connected to the positive dc busbar by the first path switching signal via the first controllable switch S1. The charging loop is formed among the battery module 130, the filter inductor L and the bus capacitor C, so that the battery module 130 can charge the bus capacitor C stably, and the energy storage converter can be charged when the energy storage converter is off-grid or the alternating current power grid 120 cannot provide alternating current, so that the energy storage converter has off-grid operation and black start functions. The first controllable switch S1 is periodically turned on by the pulse width modulation signal, and the bus capacitor C is periodically turned on to the battery module 130 through the filter inductor L, so that the charging current of the battery module 130 for charging the bus capacitor C can be adjusted, and the peak current in the precharge process can be effectively reduced. In addition, an additional controllable switching device is not needed to be added, and the cost of the energy storage converter is reduced.
In some embodiments, the control circuit is further configured to output a second path switching signal when the voltage of the bus capacitor C is greater than a preset voltage threshold, where the second path switching signal is used to make the first end of the bus capacitor C directly connect to the positive dc bus, so that the bus capacitor C and the filter inductor L filter the dc side signal of the rectifying module 110. The preset voltage threshold is determined according to the working voltage on the direct current bus.
The battery module 130 charges the bus capacitor C to gradually increase the voltage on the bus capacitor C, and accordingly, the voltage on the dc bus gradually increases, and when the voltage on the dc bus reaches the preset threshold, the precharge is completed. After the precharge is completed, the control circuit outputs a second path switching signal, so that the first end of the bus capacitor C is directly connected with the positive dc bus, and the bus capacitor C and the filter inductor L filter the dc side signal of the rectifying module 110.
In the above-mentioned technical solution, when the bus capacitor C is precharged, the control circuit controls the path switching module 150 to make the first end of the bus capacitor C switch on the positive dc bus through the first controllable switch S1, so as to form the charging path of the battery module 130, the filter inductor L, the first controllable switch S1 and the bus capacitor C, and the battery module 130 charges the bus capacitor C. When the charging of the bus capacitor C is completed, the control circuit controls the path switching module 150 to enable the first end of the bus capacitor C to be directly connected with the positive direct current bus, and the bus capacitor C and the filter inductor L filter the direct current signal, so that the original structure can be reused, and the cost is reduced.
In some embodiments, the control circuit is further configured to output a rectification control signal when the voltage of the bus capacitor C is greater than a preset voltage threshold. The rectification control signal is used for controlling the rectification module 110 to convert an alternating current signal of the alternating current power grid 120 into a direct current signal for output, or convert a direct current signal output by the battery module 130 into an alternating current signal for output. By the arrangement, the energy storage converter realizes AC-DC conversion.
In some embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 1, the energy storage converter further includes an ac side switch Sac; the rectification module 110 is connected to the ac power grid 120 through an ac side switch Sac, the control circuit is further configured to monitor a voltage of the bus capacitor C, and output a conduction control signal at the output end when the voltage of the bus capacitor C is greater than a preset voltage threshold, where the conduction control signal is used to control the ac side switch Sac to be turned on. By this arrangement, the energy storage converter is connected to the ac power grid 120, and the energy storage converter can convert the ac signal of the ac power grid 120 into a dc signal, or convert the dc signal output from the battery module 130 onto the dc bus into an ac-dc signal.
In some embodiments, the dc bus includes a positive dc bus 141 and a negative dc bus 142. The first fixed end a of the path switching module 150 is connected with the positive direct current bus 141, the second fixed end b of the path switching module 150 is connected with the first end of the bus capacitor C, the second end of the bus capacitor C is connected with the negative direct current bus 142, and the third fixed end C of the path switching module 150 is connected with the second end of the first controllable switch S1.
The control circuit outputs a pulse width modulation signal and a first path switching signal after receiving a starting signal of the energy storage converter. The first path switching signal is used for driving a movable end of the path switching module, so that the second fixed end b of the path switching module 150 and the third fixed end C of the path switching module 150 are conducted, the first end of the bus capacitor C is connected with the second end of the first controllable switch S1, the bus capacitor C, the filter inductor L and the battery module 130 form a charging loop, the pulse width modulation signal is used for enabling the first controllable switch S1 to be conducted periodically, and the bus capacitor C is connected with the battery module 130 through the filter inductor L periodically under the action of the first controllable switch S1 which is conducted periodically, so that charging current of the battery module 130 to charge the bus capacitor C is controlled.
The control circuit is further configured to monitor a voltage of the bus capacitor C during the process of charging the bus capacitor C by the battery module 130, and output a second path switching signal when the voltage of the bus capacitor C is greater than a preset voltage threshold. The second path switching signal is used for driving the movable end of the path switching module, so that the second fixed end b of the path switching module 150 is conducted with the first fixed end a of the path switching module 150, the first end of the bus capacitor C is connected with the positive dc bus, and the bus capacitor C and the filter inductor L filter the dc electrical signal.
More specifically, with continued reference to fig. 2, the rectification module 110 includes a first controllable switch S1, a second controllable switch S2, a third controllable switch S3, and a fourth controllable switch S4. The first end of the first controllable switch S1 and the first end of the third controllable switch S3 are connected to the first node B1, and the second end of the first controllable switch S1 and the first end of the second controllable switch S2 are connected to the third node A2; the second end of the second controllable switch S2 and the second end of the fourth controllable switch S4 are connected to the second node B2, and the first end of the third controllable switch S3 connected to the fourth controllable switch S4 is connected to the fourth node A1.
The first node B1 is also connected to a positive dc bus 141, and the second node B2 is connected to a negative dc bus 142. The second end of the ac side switch Sac is connected to the fourth node A1, the control end of the ac side switch Sac is connected to the output end of the control circuit, and the first end of the ac side switch Sac is connected to the ac power grid 120.
The positive pole of the battery module 130 is connected to the second end of the filter inductance L, the first end of the filter inductance L is connected to the positive dc bus 141, and the negative pole of the battery module 130 is connected to the negative dc bus 142.
The path switching module 150 comprises a controllable single pole double throw switch St. The controllable single pole double throw switch St comprises a first fixed end a, a second fixed end b, a third fixed end c and a movable end. The first fixed end a of the controllable single-pole double-throw switch St is connected with the positive-pole direct-current bus 141, the second fixed end b of the controllable single-pole double-throw switch St is connected with the first end of the bus capacitor C, the second end of the bus capacitor C is connected with the negative-pole direct-current bus 142, and the third fixed end C of the controllable single-pole double-throw switch St is connected with the second end of the first controllable switch S1.
The control circuit generates a first path switching signal and a pulse width modulation signal when receiving the start signal. The first path switching signal is used for enabling the movable end of the controllable single-pole double-throw switch St to be connected with the third fixed end C, enabling the second fixed end b of the controllable single-pole double-throw switch St and the third fixed end C of the controllable single-pole double-throw switch St to be connected, enabling the bus capacitor C to be connected with the second end of the first controllable switch S1, and enabling the first controllable switch S1, the bus capacitor C, the filter inductor L and the battery module 130 to form a charging loop. The pulse width modulation signal is used for periodically conducting the first controllable switch S1, and the bus capacitor C periodically turns on the battery module 130 through the filter inductor L under the action of the periodically conducting first controllable switch S1, so as to control the charging current of the battery module 130 for charging the bus capacitor C.
Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram of a charging loop in the charging process of the energy storage converter, as shown in fig. 3A, the current flows from the positive electrode of the battery module 130, sequentially through the filter inductance L, the positive electrode dc bus 141, the first end of the first controllable switch S1, the second end of the first controllable switch S1, the third fixed end C of the controllable single pole double throw switch St, the bus capacitor C, and the negative electrode dc bus 142, and flows back to the negative electrode of the battery module 130.
The control circuit is further configured to monitor a voltage of the bus capacitor C during the charging process of the battery module 130 to the bus capacitor C, and output a second path switching signal, a conduction control signal, and a rectification control signal when the voltage of the bus capacitor C is greater than a preset voltage threshold.
The second path switching signal is used for enabling the movable end of the controllable single-pole double-throw switch St to be connected with the first fixed end a, enabling the second fixed end b of the controllable single-pole double-throw switch St and the first fixed end a of the controllable single-pole double-throw switch St to be connected, enabling the first end of the bus capacitor C to be connected with the positive direct-current bus 141, and enabling the bus capacitor C and the filter inductor L to filter direct-current electric signals. The conduction control signal controls the alternating-current side switch Sac to conduct, so that the energy storage converter is connected with the alternating-current power grid 120.
Fig. 3B is a circuit diagram of the energy storage converter provided in the embodiment of the present application after the charging of the bus capacitor C is completed, as shown in fig. 3B, the first end of the bus capacitor C is connected to the positive dc bus 141, so that the bus capacitor C and the filter inductor L filter the dc electrical signal on the dc bus. The control circuit controls the rectifier module 110 to work on the first controllable switch S1, the second controllable switch S2, the third controllable switch S3 and the fourth controllable switch S4, so that when the circuit works, electric energy transmission is carried out between the battery module 130 and the power grid 11.
In the above technical solution, after receiving a start signal of the energy storage converter, the control circuit outputs a first path switching signal, and controls the movable end of the single-pole double-throw switch to be connected with the third fixed end C according to the first path switching signal, so that the first end of the bus capacitor C is connected with the second end of the first controllable switch S1, then outputs a pulse width modulation signal to the first controllable switch S1, and realizes the conduction of the first path by conducting the first controllable switch S1, so that the battery module 130 charges the bus capacitor C, and in the charging process, the control circuit obtains the voltage of the bus capacitor C, and when the voltage of the bus capacitor C is greater than a preset voltage threshold, outputs a second path switching signal and a conduction control signal, controls the movable end of the single-pole double-throw switch to be connected with the first fixed end a, so that the first end of the bus capacitor C is connected with the positive dc bus, and then controls the ac side switch Sac to conduct, so that the energy storage converter is started.
In some embodiments, the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal is the same for each period or increases sequentially for each period. That is, the pulse width modulation signal includes a pulse width modulation signal of a fixed pulse width and a pulse modulation signal of a gradation pulse width.
In one possible embodiment, the pulse width modulated signal output by the control circuit is a pulse width modulated signal of a fixed pulse width. If the first controllable switch S1 is a high-level conductive device, the high-level duration of each pulse signal in the pulse width modulation signal is the same. If the first controllable switch S1 is a low-level conductive device, the duration of the low level of each pulse signal in the pulse width modulation signal is the same.
Fig. 4A is a schematic diagram of a pulse width modulated signal with a fixed pulse width. Fig. 4B and 4C are diagrams showing the voltage-current variation trend of the precharge under the control of the pwm signal shown in fig. 4A, and the horizontal axes of fig. 4A to 4C represent time (units: seconds s), and the horizontal axes of fig. 4B and 4C are the same scale. The horizontal axis of fig. 4B and 4C ranges from 0 to 1s. The pulse waveform around 0.5s is given in fig. 4A. The vertical axis of FIG. 4B represents capacitive current (units: ampere A); the vertical axis of FIG. 4C represents capacitance voltage (units: volts V).
This embodiment takes a 50% fixed pulse width as an example, and the high and low level transitions once in one cycle (50 microseconds us), each lasting 25us. During the precharge process, the control circuit may monitor the current and voltage of the bus capacitor C.
After receiving the start signal, the first output end of the control circuit outputs a pulse width modulation signal with a fixed pulse width for controlling the bus capacitor C to charge periodically. In the initial charge phase, the voltage on the capacitor is close to 0V, so that the peak current on the capacitor reaches 17A during the first high level pulse width. The voltage of the bus capacitor C increases faster due to the larger initial charging current. After 0.2s, the difference between the voltage of the capacitor C and the target voltage is smaller and smaller, so that the charging current of the capacitor C is gradually reduced, and the capacitor voltage is slowly increased. The final capacitor voltage is slowly increased to be stable after the working voltage is stabilized through the coupling influence between the capacitor voltage and the current, and the charging current flowing through the capacitor C is gradually reduced to be 0. Indicating that precharge is complete.
In one possible embodiment, the pulse width modulated signal output by the control circuit is a pulse width signal of a gradual pulse width. When the first controllable switch S1 is a high-level conducting device, the high-level duration time of a pulse signal in the pulse width modulation signal is gradually increased; or when the first controllable switch S1 is a low-level conductive device, the low-level duration of each pulse signal in the pulse width modulation signal gradually increases.
Fig. 5A is a schematic diagram of a pulse width modulated signal with gradually changed pulse width. Fig. 5B and 5C are diagrams showing the voltage-current variation trend of the precharge under the control of the pulse width modulation signal shown in fig. 5A, and the horizontal axis of fig. 5A to 5C represents time (unit: s). The horizontal axis scale of fig. 5B and 5C is the same. The horizontal axis of fig. 5B and 5C ranges from 0 to 1s. Pulse waveforms around 0.1s,0.5s, and 0.9s are given in fig. 5A. The vertical axis of FIG. 5B represents capacitance current (in units of amperes A) and the vertical axis of FIG. 5C represents capacitance voltage (in units of volts V).
In this embodiment, the pulse width is uniformly changed in a period (50 μs), and the pulse width of the high level is uniformly increased, and the pulse width of the high level is respectively 12%,50% and 88% of a period in the case of 0.1s,0.5s and 0.9 s. During the precharge process, the control circuit may monitor the current and voltage of the bus capacitor C. Unlike the fixed pulse width, in this embodiment, the proportion of the high-level pulse width to one period is much smaller at the initial charging stage than that in the fixed pulse width example, so that no peak current occurs in the capacitor C at the initial charging stage, and the voltage of the capacitor C is slowly increased. With the uniform increase of the gradual pulse width, the charging current of the capacitor C rises in a stepwise manner, and the capacitor voltage rises rapidly in an exponential manner. In particular, at time 0.35s, the charging current of capacitor C reaches a peak current of 7.5A. As the gradation pulse width further increases, the charging current of the capacitor C decreases stepwise to approach 0 as the difference between the capacitor voltage and the target voltage further decreases, and the capacitor voltage increases slowly to approach the operating voltage and then stabilizes. Indicating that precharge is complete.
The curves of the bus capacitor C current in fig. 4B and 5B determine that the peak value of the bus capacitor C current under the action of the pulse width modulation signal with the gradual pulse width is about one time smaller than the maximum value of the capacitor current under the action of the pulse width signal with the fixed pulse width.
In the energy storage converter provided by the embodiment of the application, the energy storage converter realizes different voltage curve and current curve change conditions of the bus capacitor C by controlling the pulse width modulation signal input to the first controllable switch S1, and determines that when in actual application, the gradual change pulse width signal at different moments is more beneficial to protecting electronic devices in order to reduce the impact current generated at the moment that the loop where the bus capacitor C is located is conducted, thereby prolonging the service life of the electronic period.
Some embodiments of the present application provide a control method of an energy storage converter, where the control method includes:
s101, outputting a pulse width modulation signal and a first path switching signal after receiving a starting signal of the energy storage converter.
The control circuit receives a starting signal of the energy storage converter and outputs a first path switching signal according to the starting signal. The first path switching signal is used for enabling the first end of the bus capacitor C to be connected with the positive direct current bus through the first controllable switch S1, the pulse width modulation signal is used for enabling the first controllable switch S1 to be periodically conducted, the bus capacitor C is periodically connected with the battery module 130 through the filter inductor L, and the battery module 130 is controlled to charge the bus capacitor C.
More specifically, after receiving the start signal of the energy storage converter, the control circuit outputs a first path switching signal according to the start signal, and sends the first path switching signal to the path switching module 150, and the second fixed end b of the path switching module 150 is controlled to be connected to the third fixed end C, so that the first end of the bus capacitor C is connected to the second end of the first controllable switch S1.
After the first end of the bus capacitor C is connected with the second end of the first controllable switch S1, the control circuit inputs a pulse width modulation signal to the first controllable switch S1, periodically turns on the first controllable switch S1 according to the pulse width modulation signal, and periodically turns on the battery module 130 through the filter inductor L to control the battery module 130 to charge the bus capacitor C.
In the control method of the energy storage converter provided by the embodiment of the application, after receiving the starting signal, the control circuit outputs a first path switching signal to the path switching module 150, the second fixed end of the path switching module 150 is controlled to be connected with the third end to form a charging loop, the pulse width modulation signal is input to the first controllable switch S1, and the charging loop is conducted by conducting the first controllable switch S1, so that the bus capacitor C is charged. The heat loss generated after the resistor is conducted in the alternating current pre-charging process is avoided, the charging speed can be properly adjusted through a pulse width modulation signal, the bus capacitor C is pre-charged through the battery module 130, and the problem that the energy storage converter cannot be started normally when the energy storage converter runs off-grid or has no voltage in the alternating current power grid 120 is solved. The stability of load power supply is improved.
In some embodiments, the method for controlling an energy storage converter further includes:
s102, outputting a second path switching signal when the voltage of the bus capacitor C is greater than a preset voltage threshold, wherein the second path switching signal is used for enabling the first end of the bus capacitor C to be communicated with the positive direct current bus; the bus capacitor C and the filter inductor L are used to filter the dc side signal of the rectifying module 110, where the preset voltage threshold is determined according to the working voltage on the dc bus.
More specifically, the control circuit detects the voltage of the bus capacitor C in real time after the charging loop is turned on, and when the voltage of the bus capacitor C is greater than a preset voltage threshold, the control circuit outputs a second path switching signal to the path switching module 150, connects the second fixed end b of the path switching module 150 with the first fixed end a according to the second path switching signal, so that the first end of the bus capacitor C is connected with the positive dc bus, and the bus capacitor C and the filter inductor L filter signals of the positive dc bus 141 and the negative dc bus 142.
In some embodiments, the energy storage converter further comprises an ac side switch Sac; the rectification module 110 is connected to the ac power grid 120 through an ac side switch Sac, and the control method further includes:
and S103, monitoring the voltage of the bus capacitor C, and outputting a conduction control signal at an output end when the voltage of the bus capacitor C is larger than a preset voltage threshold value, wherein the conduction control signal is used for controlling the conduction of the alternating-current side switch Sac.
In the charging process, the control circuit also monitors the voltage of the bus capacitor C in real time, and when the voltage is greater than a preset voltage threshold, outputs a second path switching signal to the path switching module 150, controls the second fixed end of the path switching module 150 to be connected with the first end, and after the charging is completed, can enable the ac power grid 120 to be connected to the circuit by outputting a conduction control signal, so as to realize the electric energy transmission between the ac power grid 120 and the battery module 130.
In some embodiments, the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal is the same for each period or the duty cycle of each period increases in turn.
The above-described embodiments refer to the concept that both high and low levels are opposite (i.e., the voltage value of the high level is higher than the voltage value of the low level corresponding thereto), and are not limited to the specific voltage value of the high level or the specific voltage value of the low level. The high levels applied to the different signal lines in this embodiment are not limited to being equal, nor are the high levels applied to the specific signal lines at different stages.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the application pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An energy storage converter, comprising: the device comprises a rectifying module, a bus capacitor, a filter inductor, a path switching module, a control circuit and a battery module;
the alternating current side of the rectifying module is used for being connected with an alternating current power grid, the direct current side of the rectifying module is connected with a direct current bus, the positive direct current bus is connected with the first end of the filter inductor, the second end of the filter inductor is connected with the first end of the battery module, the second end of the battery module is connected with a negative direct current bus, and the second end of the bus capacitor is connected with the negative direct current bus;
the rectifying module comprises a first controllable switch, a first end of the first controllable switch is connected with the positive direct current bus, a second end of the first controllable switch is connected with the path switching module, and the path switching module is also connected with the positive direct current bus and the first end of the bus capacitor;
the control circuit outputs a pulse width modulation signal and a first path switching signal after receiving a starting signal of the energy storage converter, wherein the first path switching signal is used for enabling a first end of the bus capacitor to be communicated with the positive direct current bus through the first controllable switch so as to precharge the bus capacitor; the pulse width modulation signal is used for enabling the first controllable switch to be periodically conducted, and the bus capacitor is periodically connected with the battery module through the filter inductor to control the battery module to charge the bus capacitor;
the control circuit is further used for outputting a second path switching signal when the voltage of the bus capacitor is greater than a preset voltage threshold, and the second path switching signal is used for enabling the first end of the bus capacitor to be directly connected with the positive direct current bus; and filtering the direct-current side signal of the rectifying module by the bus capacitor and the filter inductor, wherein the preset voltage threshold is determined according to the working voltage on the direct-current bus.
2. The energy storage converter of claim 1, further comprising an ac side switch; the rectification module is connected with the alternating current power grid through the alternating current side switch;
the control circuit is also used for monitoring the voltage of the bus capacitor, outputting a conduction control signal at the output end when the voltage of the bus capacitor is larger than a preset voltage threshold, and controlling the conduction of the alternating-current side switch.
3. The energy storage converter of claim 2, wherein the control circuit is further configured to output a rectification control signal when the voltage of the bus capacitor is greater than a preset voltage threshold; the rectification control signal is used for controlling the rectification module to convert an alternating current signal of the alternating current power grid into a direct current signal to be output, or convert the direct current signal output by the battery module into an alternating current signal to be output.
4. A power converter according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal is the same in each cycle or increases in sequence in each cycle.
5. An energy storage converter according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the path switching module comprises a controllable single pole double throw switch.
6. A method of controlling an energy storage converter, the energy storage converter comprising: the device comprises a rectifying module, a bus capacitor, a filter inductor, a path switching module, a control circuit and a battery module;
the alternating current side of the rectifying module is used for being connected with an alternating current power grid, the direct current side of the rectifying module is connected with a direct current bus, a positive direct current bus is connected with a first end of the filter inductor, a second end of the filter inductor is connected with a first end of the battery module, and a second end of the battery module is connected with a negative direct current bus; the rectifying module comprises a first controllable switch, a first end of the first controllable switch is connected with the positive direct current bus, a second end of the first controllable switch is connected with the path switching module, and the path switching module is also connected with the positive direct current bus and a first end of a bus capacitor; the second end of the bus capacitor is connected with the negative direct current bus; the control method comprises the following steps:
after receiving a starting signal of an energy storage converter, outputting a pulse width modulation signal and a first path switching signal, wherein the first path switching signal is used for enabling a first end of a bus capacitor to be communicated with the positive direct current bus through the first controllable switch so as to precharge the bus capacitor; the pulse width modulation signal is used for enabling the first controllable switch to be periodically conducted, and the bus capacitor is periodically connected with the battery module through the direct current bus and the filter inductor to control the battery module to charge the bus capacitor;
the method further comprises the steps of:
outputting a second path switching signal when the voltage of the bus capacitor is greater than a preset voltage threshold, wherein the second path switching signal is used for enabling the first end of the bus capacitor to be directly connected with the positive direct current bus; and filtering the direct-current side signal of the rectifying module by the bus capacitor and the filter inductor, wherein the preset voltage threshold is determined according to the working voltage on the direct-current bus.
7. The control method of claim 6, wherein the energy storage converter further comprises an ac side switch; the rectification module is connected with the alternating current power grid through the alternating current side switch;
the control method further comprises the step of monitoring the voltage of the bus capacitor, and outputting a conduction control signal at an output end when the voltage of the bus capacitor is larger than a preset voltage threshold value, wherein the conduction control signal is used for controlling the conduction of the alternating-current side switch.
8. A control method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal is the same in each period or the duty cycle of each period increases in turn.
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