CN116994840A - Method for improving external insulation performance of ring main unit epoxy resin insulation part - Google Patents
Method for improving external insulation performance of ring main unit epoxy resin insulation part Download PDFInfo
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- CN116994840A CN116994840A CN202311006911.0A CN202311006911A CN116994840A CN 116994840 A CN116994840 A CN 116994840A CN 202311006911 A CN202311006911 A CN 202311006911A CN 116994840 A CN116994840 A CN 116994840A
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- main unit
- ring main
- epoxy resin
- coating
- epoxy
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- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 118
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 102100026735 Coagulation factor VIII Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 acrylic ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacryloyl chloride Chemical compound CC(=C)C(Cl)=O VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- FBYUNLMTXMFAQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC.CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC FBYUNLMTXMFAQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium phenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012772 electrical insulation material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RINWGRJHXCCLOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N BPO Chemical compound BPO RINWGRJHXCCLOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/56—Insulating bodies
- H01B17/60—Composite insulating bodies
Landscapes
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of electrical insulation materials, and particularly relates to a method for improving the external insulation performance of an epoxy resin insulation part of a ring main unit. The method comprises the following steps: testing the insulation resistance of the epoxy resin insulation part to obtain an insulation part meeting the requirements; removing dust and greasy dirt of an insulating part meeting requirements, polishing a target part, coating a spraying-free part, stirring and filtering a ring main unit by using resin type hydrophobic paint, and spraying an epoxy part to form a coating; sleeving a heat shrinkage tube at the interface of the epoxy part and the hardware fitting, and heating the epoxy part and the heat shrinkage tube until the coating is cured and the heat shrinkage tube is shrunk; the paint raw materials comprise MMA, BA, HEMA, BPO, dibutyl alkene dilaurate, acrylate monomer a containing perfluorohexyl, acrylate monomer b containing perfluorohexyl and an initiator. The application improves the adhesiveness and hydrophobicity of the paint and the epoxy resin, and the external insulation performance of the epoxy resin insulating part is also enhanced after the paint is coated.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of electrical insulation materials, and particularly relates to a method for improving the external insulation performance of an epoxy resin insulation part of a ring main unit.
Background
The distribution ring main units are generally positioned at corners such as communities, factories and the like, even underground rooms, most of the areas are dark and moist, and the epoxy resin insulating parts in the equipment are in the environment for a long time, so that the insulating performance of the epoxy resin insulating parts is gradually reduced until the surface flashover or internal breakdown occurs, and the power supply reliability of the distribution network is greatly influenced.
Hydrophobicity and adhesion are key factors affecting the insulating properties of the coating. If the hydrophobicity is poor, a continuous water film can be formed on the ring main unit insulating piece, so that the surface conductivity is increased, and the insulating performance is reduced; the adhesiveness is poor, and the coating can bubble and drop after the looped netowrk cabinet long-term operation, and the coating just can not play the original guard action if drop, then insulating will appear the problem.
Experience in operating the ring main unit shows that the adoption of the anti-pollution flashover coating on the epoxy resin insulating part has a good effect on improving the pollution flashover phenomenon of high-voltage equipment. The hydrophobic anti-pollution flashover coating can prevent the insulating surface from being wetted, weaken the partial discharge phenomenon and improve the external insulation performance of the epoxy resin insulating part.
However, the traditional silicone rubber coating has poor adhesion with epoxy resin, and various problems such as peeling and falling off, loss of hydrophobicity after long-term wetting, partial discharge and the like exist after the ring main unit is operated for a period of time.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method for improving the external insulation performance of an epoxy resin insulating part of a ring main unit, which improves the adhesiveness and hydrophobicity of a coating and epoxy resin, and the external insulation performance of the epoxy resin insulating part is also enhanced after the coating is coated.
A method for improving the external insulation performance of an epoxy resin insulating part of a ring main unit comprises the following steps:
and (3) testing: testing the insulation resistance of the epoxy resin insulation part to obtain an insulation part meeting the requirements;
cleaning: removing dust and oil stains of the insulating piece meeting the requirements to obtain a cleaned insulating piece;
polishing: polishing the target part of the cleaned insulating piece to obtain a polished insulating piece;
coating: coating the spraying-free part of the polished insulating part, and leaving an epoxy part which is a part to be sprayed;
spraying: uniformly stirring the ring main unit with resin type hydrophobic paint, filtering, and spraying the epoxy part to form a coating;
and (3) drying: sleeving a heat shrinkage tube at the interface of the epoxy part and the hardware fitting, and heating the epoxy part and the heat shrinkage tube until the coating is cured and the heat shrinkage tube is shrunk;
the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit is prepared by carrying out free radical polymerization and chemical modification on raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise at least one of MMA, BA, HEMA, BPO, dibutyl ene dilaurate, a perfluorohexyl-containing acrylate monomer a, a perfluorohexyl-containing acrylate monomer b and an initiator.
Preferably, in the test, the epoxy resin insulator comprises an insulator of the ring main unit and/or an insulating sleeve of the ring main unit;
in the cleaning process, a dry wiping cloth is taken to wipe dust on the surface of the insulating piece meeting the requirements until the dry wiping cloth is not stained with dust, and then the dry wiping cloth is dipped with absolute ethyl alcohol to wipe the insulating piece meeting the requirements until greasy dirt is wiped clean, and the surface is not sticky;
in polishing, firstly polishing the target part by using a polisher until the substrate is exposed, and then polishing by using 80-180-mesh coarse sand paper; the target part comprises at least one of a carbonization channel on the surface of the epoxy resin, a failure coating on the surface of the epoxy resin and a defect part on the surface of the epoxy resin;
in the coating, the polished spraying-free part of the insulating part is coated by using an adhesive tape or a sealing material, and the spraying-free part comprises hardware fittings.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: baking: if the ambient humidity exceeds 70%, baking the epoxy part to ensure the drying of the epoxy part; the baking is prior to the spraying.
Preferably, in the spraying, each ring main unit is isolated and sprayed independently, and a spray gun is used for spraying, wherein the nozzle of the spray gun is 300+/-50 mm away from the epoxy part, the moving speed of the spray gun is uniform, and the axis of air flow generated by the spray gun is vertical to the epoxy part; the thickness of the coating is uniform and consistent, and the thickness is more than 0.3mm; for the position inconvenient to spray, brushing with a soft brush and then spraying; checking whether defects exist, wherein the defects comprise at least one of missing spray, local excessive thickness, skinning and sagging; and repairing the missed spraying position after the spraying is finished.
Preferably, in the drying process, the heat shrinkage tube can cover an area from the hardware fitting to the position where the curvature radius of the ring main unit begins to increase, and the heating time is 30-60 min.
Preferably, the heat shrinkage tube is a semiconductor heat shrinkage tube.
Preferably, the preparation of the acrylate monomer a comprises the following steps:
under the protection of gas, putting PFOP and ethanol into a container, dropwise adding an diethyl ether solution of boron trifluoride under reflux, reacting, distilling under reduced pressure after the reaction is finished to remove low-boiling components, obtaining a compound 1, adding triethylamine and acetone, cooling, slowly dropwise adding a dichloromethane solution containing methacryloyl chloride, reacting after the dropwise adding is finished, adding methanol, stirring until the reaction is stopped, distilling under reduced pressure, and collecting a fraction at 123-127 ℃ to obtain an acrylate monomer a which is colorless liquid.
Preferably, the preparation of the acrylate monomer b comprises the following steps:
under the protection of gas, sodium phenolate and toluene are put into a container for reaction, water is added to stop the reaction, diethyl ether is used for extraction, the obtained organic phase is concentrated and then passes through a silica gel column, an eluent is used, and the compound 2 is obtained after purification; putting the compound 2, triethylamine and methylene dichloride into a container, cooling, slowly dropwise adding a methylene dichloride solution containing methacryloyl chloride, reacting after the dropwise adding, adding methanol, stirring until the reaction stops, distilling the reaction liquid under reduced pressure, extracting the residue with water and ethyl acetate, concentrating the obtained organic phase, passing through a silica gel column, using an eluent, and purifying to obtain the colorless liquid acrylate monomer b.
Preferably, the eluent is a mixed solution of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether, and the volume ratio of the ethyl acetate to the petroleum ether is: 10.
preferably, the preparation of the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit comprises the following steps:
sequentially adding the acrylic ester monomer b, the acrylic ester monomer a, MMA, BA, HEMA, BPO, the dibutyl dilaurate, an initiator and a solvent into a container, then under the protection of gas, rapidly stirring for reaction, heating for continuous reaction, cooling the product, and filtering to obtain the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit;
the mass percentages of the raw materials are respectively 0.1 to 5 percent of acrylic ester monomer b, 0.1 to 5 percent of acrylic ester monomer a, 5 to 20 percent of MMA, 5 to 20 percent of BA, 5 to 30 percent of HEMA, 5 to 20 percent of BPO and 10 to 30 percent of dibutyl alkene dilaurate.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
(1) The resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit is prepared, has hydrophobicity superior to that of the traditional RTV coating, and has adhesion tested. The test result shows that the adhesiveness between the coating and the epoxy resin insulating part is obviously better than that of the traditional RTV coating, the adhesiveness between the coating and the epoxy resin insulating part is enhanced, so that the coating is less prone to falling off compared with the traditional silicone rubber coating, the insulating effect of the coating is ensured, the potential safety hazard of the ring main unit is reduced, and the service life and safe operation of the ring main unit are ensured.
(2) Partial discharge in the ring main unit is often invisible in a short period, and faults are only known if short circuit breakdown occurs. However, they do cause the insulation to continuously degrade, possibly leading to eventual failure. Therefore, the research of partial discharge is significant to the normal operation of the ring main unit, and the most serious partial discharge points of the ring main unit are the cable outlet end and the bus inlet end. According to the application, through measuring the partial discharge capacity of the wire outlet end and the bus end after the coating of the application and the traditional coating, the partial discharge capacity of the wire outlet end and the wire inlet end of the coating of the traditional RTV coating is found to be within the range of 23dB-40dB under the dry condition, and the partial discharge capacity of the coating of the application is within the range of 0dB-5dB, which shows that the partial discharge phenomenon of the aged ring main unit is obviously improved by the coating of the application, and the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulation part is improved.
(3) Operation practice shows that condensation has a great influence on the surface insulation performance of the insulating part in the ring main unit. If the ring main unit is in a humid environment for a long time, the condensation phenomenon in the ring main unit can lead to the gradual decrease of the hydrophobicity of insulating components (insulators, sleeves and the like) under the effects of electricity, heat, pollution and other factors, and the flashover is easy to induce, so that the ring main unit is quite necessary to carry out a condensation withstand voltage test. The application discovers that the ring main unit insulator repaired by the coating has fewer ultraviolet spots, smaller discharge noise, lighter discharge degree and no flashover phenomenon in a wet environment, and the coating has obvious effect on recovering the insulating property of the medium and improving the anti-pollution flashover capability of the medium through a voltage withstand test.
(4) The self-made acrylic ester monomer b and acrylic ester monomer a are introduced into the coating and are matched with other components, so that the internal crosslinking degree of the coating is improved, the adhesiveness of the coating is further improved, and compared with the traditional coating, the self-made acrylic ester monomer b and acrylic ester monomer a are shortened in curing time. When the coating is used, the coating has more excellent adhesion with epoxy resin insulating materials commonly used in distribution network switch cabinets, and after long-time operation, the coating can not have common defects of peeling, bubbling, cracking and the like when the traditional RTV coating is applied to the surface of the epoxy resin, so that the coating has longer service life and use safety. Aiming at creepage caused by electric field concentration at the conductor-insulation joint, the application adopts the semi-conductive heat shrinkage sleeve to be sleeved at the part, thereby smoothing the electric field at the part, reducing the local discharge point intensity in the switch cabinet, reducing the electric leakage tracking and the electric erosion loss generated by creepage, and further improving the overall insulation performance and the operation safety of the switch cabinet.
(5) The present application further optimizes the coating formulation and finds that decreasing acrylate monomer b and acrylate monomer a increases the cure time of the coating and increasing MMA also increases the cure time of the coating, example 1 being a preferred condition of the present application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an epoxy resin insulator coated with a resin type hydrophobic coating for a ring-net cabinet according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the results of the water drop forming shape of a coating in a hydrophobicity test of a conventional RTV coating according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the results of the water drop forming shape of the coating in the hydrophobicity test of the coating according to example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an adhesive property measuring apparatus according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of an adhesion test of a conventional RTV coating of the present application on an epoxy resin surface;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of the adhesion test of the RTV coating of example 1 of the present application on the surface of an epoxy resin;
FIG. 7 is a series of schematic diagrams of the imaging results of the ultraviolet imager at different test voltage levels in the detection of the present application;
marked in the figure as: 1. a heat shrinkage tube; 2. epoxy sites.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The equipment and materials used in the examples were readily available from commercial companies unless otherwise indicated.
The following is a partial description:
(1) MMA: methyl methacrylate; BA: butyl acrylate; HEMA: hydroxyethyl methacrylate; BPO: dibenzoyl peroxide; PFOP:3- (perfluoro-n-hexyl) propylene oxide.
(2) The epoxy resin insulator comprises an insulator of the ring main unit and/or an insulating sleeve of the ring main unit.
(3) Specifications of the polisher: and (3) an angle grinder is provided with a grinding sheet with the specification of 100 multiplied by 4 multiplied by 16 mm.
(4) Temperature and humidity meter: a force 9010 hygrothermograph.
(5) Spray gun: DLX-GMPTJ4 electric spray gun, delixix (Delixi).
(6) Semiconductor heat shrinkage tube: shenzhen Xufeng New Material technology Co.Ltd XSCT 120/45 semiconductor heat shrinkable tube, and the maximum inner diameter of the heat shrinkable tube is 45mm after the heat shrinkable tube is completely shrunk.
(7) The raw material specifications used in the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit are shown in the following table 1,
TABLE 1
| Raw material name | Specification of specification |
| MMA | Microphone Lin reagent, 99.5% |
| BA | Microphone Lin reagent, 99% |
| HEMA | Microphone Lin reagent, 99% |
| BPO | Microphone Lin reagent, 99.0% |
| Dibutylene dilaurate | Commercial industry products |
| Azobisisobutyronitrile | Mesonin reagent, analytically pure |
| Acrylate monomer a containing perfluorohexyl group | Homemade |
| Acrylate monomer b containing perfluorohexyl group | Homemade |
Example 1
A method for improving the external insulation performance of an epoxy resin insulating part of a ring main unit comprises the following steps:
and (3) testing: before construction, according to DL/T626-2015 degradation suspension insulator detection regulations, an insulator with an insulation resistance meter not lower than 5000V is used for testing the insulation resistance of an insulator and an insulation pipe sleeve, and the insulator and the insulation pipe sleeve with zero value and low value of which the insulation resistance value is smaller than 300MΩ are removed, so that the insulation piece meeting the requirements is obtained.
Cleaning: the method comprises the steps of removing dust and greasy dirt of an insulating piece meeting requirements, specifically, taking a plurality of dry wiping cloths, wiping dust on the surface of the insulating piece meeting requirements until the dry wiping cloths are not stained with dust, dipping the insulating piece meeting requirements with absolute ethyl alcohol by using the dry wiping cloths until the greasy dirt is wiped clean, and enabling the surface of the insulating piece not to be sticky to hands, so that the insulating piece after cleaning is obtained.
Polishing: polishing the target part of the cleaned insulating part, namely polishing the target part by a polisher until the substrate is exposed, and polishing by using 80-mesh coarse sand paper; the target parts are carbonization channels on the surface of the epoxy resin, failure coatings on the surface of the epoxy resin and defect parts on the surface of the epoxy resin, and the polished insulating part is obtained.
Coating: coating the spraying-free part of the polished insulating part by using an adhesive tape or a sealing material; leaving epoxy parts, wherein the sealing material is preferably a PVC film, and the epoxy parts are parts to be sprayed; the spraying-free part comprises a conductive hardware fitting.
Baking: and (3) measuring humidity by adopting a hygrothermograph, and if the ambient humidity exceeds 70%, baking the epoxy part for 3-5 min by using a hot air blower to ensure the drying of the epoxy part without influencing the adhesive force of the coating.
Spraying: stirring the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit to be in a uniform state by using a stirring rod, filtering the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit by using 80-mesh filter cloth to ensure the spraying effect, and spraying the epoxy part to form a coating, wherein other impurities cannot be introduced into the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit during spraying;
in the spraying process, each ring main unit is isolated and sprayed independently, a spray gun is used for spraying, the nozzle of the spray gun is 300+/-50 mm away from the epoxy part, the spray gun moves slowly and has uniform speed, and the axis of air flow generated by the spray gun is vertical to the epoxy part; the thickness of the coating is uniform and consistent, and the thickness is more than 0.3mm; for the position inconvenient to spray, brushing with a soft brush and then spraying; checking whether defects exist, wherein the defects comprise missing coating, local excessive thickness, skinning and sagging, so that no defects are ensured; repairing the missed spraying position after the spraying is finished, and avoiding secondary pollution during spraying to influence the quality of the finished product.
And (3) drying: and sleeving a heat shrinkage tube, preferably a semiconductor heat shrinkage tube, at the interface of the epoxy part and the hardware fitting, wherein the heat shrinkage tube can cover an area from the hardware fitting to the position where the curvature radius of the ring main unit begins to increase, and heating the epoxy part and the heat shrinkage tube for 30min by using a 50 ℃ hot air gun until the coating is solidified, and the heat shrinkage tube is shrunk to be tightly adhered to the hardware fitting and the epoxy part. The step can slow down the electric field intensity at the position with larger curvature radius, and weaken or even eliminate partial discharge at the position. The final diagram is shown in fig. 1.
The preparation of the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit comprises the following steps:
preparation of acrylate monomer a: under the protection of nitrogen, 3.71g,10mmol of PFOP and 9.2g,200mmol of ethanol are put into a 50ml four-port bottle with a spherical condenser tube, a stirring paddle and a thermometer, 0.50g of boron trifluoride diethyl ether solution is dropwise added under reflux, the reaction is carried out for 2 hours, low-boiling components are removed by reduced pressure distillation after the reaction is finished, 3.5g,35 mmol of triethylamine and 20ml of acetone are added, the temperature is reduced to minus 10 ℃, 10.0ml of dichloromethane solution containing 3.14g,30 mmol of 1 methacryloyl chloride is slowly dropwise added, the reaction is carried out for 3 hours at 0 ℃ after the dropwise addition, 3.0ml of methanol is added and is stirred until the reaction is stopped, the reduced pressure distillation is carried out, and fractions of 123-127 ℃/20mmHg are collected, so that 3.98g of acrylate monomer a which is colorless liquid are obtained, and the total yield is 76.1%.
Preparation of acrylate monomer b: under the protection of nitrogen, adding 2.32g of 20mmo1 sodium phenolate and 30ml of toluene into a 100ml four-port bottle with a spherical condenser tube, a stirring paddle and a thermometer, reacting for 2 hours at 90 ℃, adding 30ml of water to stop the reaction, extracting for 30ml times with diethyl ether, concentrating the obtained organic phase, passing through a silica gel column, and using an eluent, wherein the eluent is a mixed solution of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether, and the volume ratio of the ethyl acetate to the petroleum ether is l:10, purifying to obtain 3.18g of light yellow liquid, wherein the light yellow liquid is compound 2; 2.33g of compound 2 of 5 mmol 1, 3.5g of triethylamine of 35 mmol 1 and 20ml of dichloromethane are put into a 50ml three-port bottle, the temperature is reduced to minus 30 ℃,10 ml of dichloromethane solution containing 30mmol of methacryloyl chloride is slowly added dropwise, the mixture is reacted for 8 hours at minus 20 ℃, 3ml of methanol is added and stirred until the reaction is stopped, the reaction solution is distilled under reduced pressure, the residue is extracted by water and ethyl acetate, the obtained organic phase is concentrated and then passes through a silica gel column, an eluent is used, the eluent is a mixture of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether, and the volume ratio of the ethyl acetate to the petroleum ether is l:10, purification gave 1.91g of acrylate monomer b as a colorless liquid in a total yield of 71.8%.
Preparation of resin type hydrophobic paint for ring main units: referring to the following table 2, an acrylic ester monomer b, an acrylic ester monomer a, MMA, BA, HEMA, BPO, dibutyl dilaurate, an initiator of 0.1g and a solvent of 20g are sequentially added into a 50ml four-port bottle equipped with a mechanical stirring paddle, a thermometer, a nitrogen guide pipe and a reflux condenser, the initiator is preferably azobisisobutyronitrile, the solvent is preferably toluene, and then the reaction is rapidly stirred at 70 ℃ for 3 hours under the protection of nitrogen, the temperature is raised to 80 ℃ for continuous reaction for 1 hour, and the product is cooled and filtered to obtain the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit.
The formulation of the resin type hydrophobic paint for the ring main unit is shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2
| Raw material name | Mass percent |
| MMA | 10％ |
| BA | 20％ |
| HEMA | 25％ |
| BPO | 20％ |
| Dibutylene dilaurate | 24％ |
| Azobisisobutyronitrile | 0.1g |
| Acrylate monomer a containing perfluorohexyl group | 0.45％ |
| Acrylate monomer b containing perfluorohexyl group | 0.55％ |
Example 2
A method for improving the external insulation performance of an epoxy resin insulating part of a ring main unit, which is different from example 1, wherein the formula of the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit is shown in the following table 3. In the drying process, a 50 ℃ hot air gun is used for heating the epoxy part and the heat shrinkage tube for 40min, and the coating is solidified. The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Example 3
A method for improving the external insulation performance of an epoxy resin insulating part of a ring main unit, which is different from example 1, wherein the formula of the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit is shown in the following table 4. In the drying process, the epoxy part and the heat shrinkage tube are heated for 55min by a 50 ℃ hot air gun, and the coating is solidified. The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
TABLE 4 Table 4
| Raw material name | Mass percent |
| MMA | 10.2％ |
| BA | 20.2％ |
| HEMA | 25.1％ |
| BPO | 20.1％ |
| Dibutylene dilaurate | 24.1％ |
| Azobisisobutyronitrile | 0.1g |
| Acrylate monomer a containing perfluorohexyl group | 0.1％ |
| Acrylate monomer b containing perfluorohexyl group | 0.2％ |
Comparative example 1
Unlike example 1, the epoxy sites were sprayed with a conventional RTV coating (PRTV (RTV-II) ultra-long-acting anti-fouling flashover coating, available from Jiangsu Yishida electric technology development Co., ltd.) to form a coating. In the drying process, the epoxy part and the heat shrinkage tube are heated by a hot air gun at 80 ℃ for 50min, and the coating is solidified. The remaining steps are the same.
And (3) detection:
1. and (3) hydrophobicity detection:
(1) According to GB/T24622-2009 insulator surface wettability measurement guideline, a method for evaluating surface hydrophobicity more widely is selected, and a spraying method is adopted for evaluation. The water was directly sprayed from a spray can 25cm from the surface of the epoxy resin insulation of comparative example 1 and example 1, and the distribution characteristics of the water droplets on the surface thereof were observed, and the results are shown in fig. 2 and 3.
(2) The hydrophobicity of the coating was evaluated by a classification criterion according to the water drop forming shape of the coating, the judgment criterion is shown in Table 5, and the hydrophobicity gradually becomes worse from the grades 1 to 7. The corresponding HC grades of comparative example 1 and example 1 were judged according to the standard. As a result, comparative example 1 was HC3, and example 1 was HC2.
TABLE 5 Water spray fractionation (HC method) hydrophobicity criterion
(3) Analysis of results: when applied to insulation, the coating of the application is more hydrophobic than conventional RTV coatings.
2. Determination of adhesion
(1) Two sets of epoxy test pieces were prepared. The test piece was placed in a groove of the same size as the test piece, and the conventional RTV coating (in comparative example 1) and the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit (in example 1) were uniformly coated on the test piece, respectively, and left standing for three days, waiting for the coating to dry.
(2) Referring to fig. 4, after the inspection paint has been dried, a test piece of the conventional silicone rubber paint is cut to a proper size, placed correctly on a test stand, and inspected for fixing. The rotating needle lifting rod is rotated to enable the rotating needle to descend until the needle tip of the rotating needle just contacts the test piece, and the rotating needle is positioned at the leftmost side of the test piece.
(3) And starting the paint film adhesive force tester, and enabling the rotating needle to move forwards from left to right until the tester stops.
(4) And then placing a test piece coated with the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit, and repeating the steps.
(5) The adhesive property of the conventional RTV coating on the surface of the epoxy resin is six-level, and the adhesive property of the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit on the surface of the epoxy resin is four-level, as a result of rating by referring to a paint film adhesive force measurement method (circle drawing method) of GB 1720-79 (89).
(6) Analysis of results: when the epoxy resin coating is applied to epoxy resin, compared with the traditional RTV coating, the epoxy resin coating has stronger adhesiveness, is less prone to falling off, can better ensure that the coating can play an insulating role, reduces the potential safety hazard of the ring main unit, prolongs the service life of the ring main unit and ensures the safe operation of the ring main unit.
3. Determining the influence of a coating on the insulation properties of an epoxy insulation in a dry environment
(1) Under the dry condition, resin type hydrophobic paint (in the embodiment 1) for the ring main unit and traditional RTV paint (in the comparative example 1) are respectively coated on the aged ring main unit, and partial discharge tests are carried out on the three-phase bus end and the wire outlet end of the switch cabinet. The inside of the switch cabinet can generate ultrasonic pulses due to severe molecular collision during partial discharge. The ultrasonic signal is received by an ultrasonic sensor arranged in the Ultra TEV plus+ handheld partial discharge detector, the ultrasonic value is output, and then the intensity of partial discharge is judged. Because the rated operating phase voltage corresponding to the 10kV switch cabinet is 5.77kV, in order to remarkably improve the detectability of the partial discharge position, four voltage levels of 5.77kV, 6.93kV, 8.16kV and 9.23kV are respectively applied to the switch cabinet, the comparative experiment measurement data are shown in the following table 6 and table 7, the table 6 is a traditional RTV coating, and the table 7 is a resin type hydrophobic coating for a ring main unit:
TABLE 6
TABLE 7
(2) Analysis of results: under a dry environment, the partial discharge capacity of the traditional RTV coating is within the range of 23dB-40dB, and the partial discharge capacity of the resin type hydrophobic coating for coating the ring main unit is within the range of 0dB-5dB, which indicates that the resin type hydrophobic coating for coating the ring main unit obviously improves the partial discharge phenomenon of the aged ring main unit and improves the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulation part.
4. Determining the influence of a coating on the insulation properties of an epoxy insulation in a humid environment
(1) And (3) applying mist required by condensation to the switch cabinet insulator, and starting a pressurization test after the mist is fully wetted until the surface is completely wetted and covered with water drops.
(2) And calculating the test voltage of the insulation repair part of the 10kV switch cabinet. According to the common technical requirements of the standards of GB/T11022-2020 high-voltage alternating-current switch equipment and control equipment, the withstand voltage of the 10kV switch cabinet is 42kV. Through measurement, the creepage distance of the insulation repair part is 22cm, and the total creepage distance of the insulation of the switch cabinet is 32cm, so that the test voltage of the insulation repair part is selected as follows: 42X 22.ltoreq.32.ltoreq.30 kV.
(3) The epoxy insulators of the 10kV switch cabinet (Schneider SM6 series) returned for service life were subjected to insulation repair by using the conventional RTV coating (in comparative example 1) and the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit (in example 1), and then the repaired switch cabinet insulators were subjected to a condensation test. Pressurizing the switch cabinet insulator, stopping pressurizing the switch cabinet insulator to 30kV, then tolerating the switch cabinet insulator for 9s and 60s, and recording test phenomena and condensation tolerance voltage results in the pressurizing process of the switch cabinet insulator by using an ultraviolet imager, specifically, respectively recording ultraviolet imager images of 5kV, 10kV, 15kV, 20kV, 25kV and 30kV under different test voltage levels, wherein the results refer to figures 7 and 8.
TABLE 8
(4) Analysis of results: in a humid environment, the ring main unit insulator repaired by the resin type hydrophobic coating through the ring main unit has fewer ultraviolet light spots, smaller discharge noise, lighter discharge degree and no flashover phenomenon, and the voltage withstand test shows that compared with the traditional RTV coating, the coating has obvious effect on recovering the insulating property of the medium and improves the anti-pollution flashover capability of the medium.
5. Condition optimization for resin type hydrophobic paint for ring main unit
The coatings of comparative examples 1 and examples 1 to 3 show differences in curing index (tack-free time ), and referring to table 9 below, the finished products of examples 1 to 3 can refer to fig. 1, and the differences in four aspects of the effect of examples 1 to 3 on the insulating properties of the epoxy resin insulation in the water repellency, adhesiveness, dry environment and wet environment are not apparent, and are not listed here, and examples 1 and comparative example 1 are preferred for comparison among one to four.
Table 9 shows that the reduction of acrylate monomer b and acrylate monomer a according to the application increases the open time of the coating, and that the improvement of MMA also increases the open time of the coating, example 1 being a preferred condition of the application. Examples 1 to 3 reduced the drying temperature of the coating layer and shortened the drying time compared to comparative example 1.
TABLE 9
| Numbering device | Time of drying coating | Time to dry the coating | Coating surface drying temperature |
| Example 1 | 30min | 56h | 50℃ |
| Example 2 | 40min | 63h | 50℃ |
| Example 3 | 55min | 71h | 50℃ |
| Comparative example 1 | 50min | 70h | 80℃ |
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The method for improving the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulating part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
and (3) testing: testing the insulation resistance of the epoxy resin insulation part to obtain an insulation part meeting the requirements;
cleaning: removing dust and oil stains of the insulating piece meeting the requirements to obtain a cleaned insulating piece;
polishing: polishing the target part of the cleaned insulating piece to obtain a polished insulating piece;
coating: coating the spraying-free part of the polished insulating part, and leaving an epoxy part which is a part to be sprayed;
spraying: uniformly stirring the ring main unit with resin type hydrophobic paint, filtering, and spraying the epoxy part to form a coating;
and (3) drying: sleeving a heat shrinkage tube at the interface of the epoxy part and the hardware fitting, and heating the epoxy part and the heat shrinkage tube until the coating is cured and the heat shrinkage tube is shrunk;
the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit is prepared by carrying out free radical polymerization and chemical modification on raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise at least one of MMA, BA, HEMA, BPO, dibutyl ene dilaurate, a perfluorohexyl-containing acrylate monomer a, a perfluorohexyl-containing acrylate monomer b and an initiator.
2. The method for improving the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulation member according to claim 1, wherein,
in the test, the epoxy resin insulator comprises an insulator of the ring main unit and/or an insulating sleeve of the ring main unit;
in the cleaning process, a dry wiping cloth is taken to wipe dust on the surface of the insulating piece meeting the requirements until the dry wiping cloth is not stained with dust, and then the dry wiping cloth is dipped with absolute ethyl alcohol to wipe the insulating piece meeting the requirements until greasy dirt is wiped clean, and the surface is not sticky;
in polishing, firstly polishing the target part by using a polisher until the substrate is exposed, and then polishing by using 80-180-mesh coarse sand paper; the target part comprises at least one of a carbonization channel on the surface of the epoxy resin, a failure coating on the surface of the epoxy resin and a defect part on the surface of the epoxy resin;
in the coating, the polished spraying-free part of the insulating part is coated by using an adhesive tape or a sealing material, and the spraying-free part comprises hardware fittings.
3. The method for improving the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulation member according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: baking: if the ambient humidity exceeds 70%, baking the epoxy part to ensure the drying of the epoxy part; the baking is prior to the spraying.
4. The method for improving the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulation part according to claim 1, wherein in the spraying, each ring main unit is isolated and sprayed independently, a spray gun is used for spraying, the nozzle of the spray gun is 300+/-50 mm away from the epoxy part, the moving speed of the spray gun is uniform, and the axis of air flow generated by the spray gun is vertical to the epoxy part; the thickness of the coating is uniform and consistent, and the thickness is more than 0.3mm; for the position inconvenient to spray, brushing with a soft brush and then spraying; checking whether defects exist, wherein the defects comprise at least one of missing spray, local excessive thickness, skinning and sagging; and repairing the missed spraying position after the spraying is finished.
5. The method for improving the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulation part according to claim 1, wherein in the drying process, the heat shrinkage tube can cover an area from the hardware fitting to the position where the radius of curvature of the ring main unit begins to increase, and the heating time is 30-60 min.
6. The method for improving the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulation part according to claim 5, wherein the heat shrinkage tube is a semiconductor heat shrinkage tube.
7. The method for improving the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulation part according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the acrylate monomer a comprises the following steps:
under the protection of gas, putting PFOP and ethanol into a container, dropwise adding an diethyl ether solution of boron trifluoride under reflux, reacting, distilling under reduced pressure after the reaction is finished to remove low-boiling components, obtaining a compound 1, adding triethylamine and acetone, cooling, slowly dropwise adding a dichloromethane solution containing methacryloyl chloride, reacting after the dropwise adding is finished, adding methanol, stirring until the reaction is stopped, distilling under reduced pressure, and collecting a fraction at 123-127 ℃ to obtain an acrylate monomer a which is colorless liquid.
8. The method for improving the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulation part according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the acrylate monomer b comprises the following steps:
under the protection of gas, sodium phenolate and toluene are put into a container for reaction, water is added to stop the reaction, diethyl ether is used for extraction, the obtained organic phase is concentrated and then passes through a silica gel column, an eluent is used, and the compound 2 is obtained after purification; putting the compound 2, triethylamine and methylene dichloride into a container, cooling, slowly dropwise adding a methylene dichloride solution containing methacryloyl chloride, reacting after the dropwise adding, adding methanol, stirring until the reaction stops, distilling the reaction liquid under reduced pressure, extracting the residue with water and ethyl acetate, concentrating the obtained organic phase, passing through a silica gel column, using an eluent, and purifying to obtain the colorless liquid acrylate monomer b.
9. The method for improving the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulating part according to claim 8, wherein the eluent is a mixed solution of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether, and the volume ratio of the ethyl acetate to the petroleum ether is: 10.
10. the method for improving the external insulation performance of the ring main unit epoxy resin insulation part according to claim 1, 7 or 8, wherein the preparation of the resin type hydrophobic paint for the ring main unit comprises the following steps:
sequentially adding the acrylic ester monomer b, the acrylic ester monomer a, MMA, BA, HEMA, BPO, the dibutyl dilaurate, an initiator and a solvent into a container, then under the protection of gas, rapidly stirring for reaction, heating for continuous reaction, cooling the product, and filtering to obtain the resin type hydrophobic coating for the ring main unit;
the mass percentages of the raw materials are respectively 0.1 to 5 percent of acrylic ester monomer b, 0.1 to 5 percent of acrylic ester monomer a, 5 to 20 percent of MMA, 5 to 20 percent of BA, 5 to 30 percent of HEMA, 5 to 20 percent of BPO and 10 to 30 percent of dibutyl alkene dilaurate.
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