CN116989967A - Test system for simulating power response of underwater tunnel caused by train crossing - Google Patents
Test system for simulating power response of underwater tunnel caused by train crossing Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/022—Vibration control arrangements, e.g. for generating random vibrations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/025—Measuring arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
Abstract
The invention discloses a test system for simulating power response of an underwater tunnel caused by train crossing, which comprises a model box, a water pressure control system, a loading system and a monitoring system. The test system firstly utilizes a water pressure control system to adjust the water pressure in the model box, and approximately simulates seepage and pressure action in the model box; secondly, respectively controlling a plurality of electromagnetic vibration exciters through a loading system to transmit vibration load of the train to a tunnel model in the model box so as to simulate the movement and the intersection of the train on the underwater tunnel structure; and finally, monitoring the dynamic response characteristics of the tunnel structure and the surrounding rock in real time by adopting a monitoring system. In addition, the applicability of the present invention can be extended by prefabricating cracks in the tunnel model to simulate a damaged tunnel, and installing flanges of different holes on both sides of the model box to study various section forms and dynamic responses of multiple tunnels. The invention can simulate the dynamic response of the underwater tunnel and surrounding rock caused by the crossing action of the trains and provides theoretical basis for tunnel engineering design and construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical tests in the field of civil engineering tests, in particular to a test system for simulating power response of an underwater tunnel caused by train crossing.
Technical Field
When the train runs, vibration load is generated due to factors such as track irregularity, and the load excites dynamic response of a tunnel structure and surrounding rock, and the effect is aggravated by train crossing. In addition, along with the rapid construction of the underwater tunnel, the borne water pressure is increased, so that the coupling effect of the vibration load and the high water pressure of the train worsens the uneven settlement of the foundation soil of the lower bedrock, and the probability of occurrence of cracking, water leakage and other diseases at the joint of the tunnel segment is further increased sharply, and the safety problem brought by the method is not small.
Because the dynamic response characteristics of the tunnel structure under the action of the train load are researched more complicated by adopting a model test, less researches are carried out in China, and the existing researches are mainly focused on the moving load of a single train; and little research is conducted on the dynamic characteristics of the tunnel structure under the action of the vibration of the train in consideration of the water pressure. Chinese patent application No. 202211501918.5 applies a certain time interval to a plurality of electromagnetic vibration exciters to simulate the moving load of a train; chinese patent application No. 202120116248.X considers the dynamic characteristics of the tunnel structure under the action of train vibration during seepage.
However, in the existing dynamic response model test research on tunnel structures and surrounding rocks caused by train vibration load, the following defects also exist due to certain condition limitations:
1. the tunnel structure researched in the existing test is mostly a single-line tunnel, and researches on the dynamic response characteristics of the structure caused by train crossing in the double-line tunnel are few;
2. the simulated soil layer environment in the test is mostly an anhydrous environment, the effect of water is less considered in the research, and the research on tunnel dynamic response and surrounding rock under the effect of water pressure is less.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a test system for simulating the dynamic response of an underwater tunnel caused by train crossing, which can truly simulate the dynamic response characteristics of an underwater tunnel structure and surrounding soil layers caused by train crossing, explore the attenuation rules of vibration waves along the longitudinal direction, the transverse direction and the stratum depth direction of the tunnel, and monitor the dynamic time-varying characteristics of pore water pressure of the soil layers; meanwhile, the applicability of the invention is expanded by prefabricating flanges with existing cracks and different holes.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
the test system for simulating power response of the underwater tunnel caused by train crossing comprises a model box, a water pressure control system, a loading system and a monitoring system; the model box is used for simulating a hydraulic environment; the hydraulic control system is positioned at the outer side of the model box and is connected with the model box through a gas pipe; the loading system is arranged at the center of the model box and is used for applying train vibration load to the model tunnel; the monitoring system is positioned in the model box and is used for monitoring the dynamic response of the tunnel structure and surrounding rock under the action of the train load.
Preferably, the model box is a cube structure formed by welding steel plates, a detachable top plate is arranged at the top, square openings are formed in the centers of the steel plates at the left side and the right side, a flange is arranged at the outer side of each square opening, the flange is fixed with the model box through bolts, and a rubber cushion layer is arranged between the flange and the model box.
Preferably, the inner surface of the model box is coated with a vibration reduction coating, the model box is filled with a soil layer material and a liquid material, the liquid level of the liquid material is higher than that of the soil layer material, and an independent tunnel model is arranged in the soil layer material.
Preferably, the tunnel model is a single-hole double-line tunnel structure, a track model is arranged in the tunnel model along the length direction, holes of the flange penetrate through the two ends of the tunnel model, the number and the shape of the holes on the flange are the same as those of the tunnel model, and a sealing ring is arranged between the holes and the tunnel model.
Preferably, the water pressure control system comprises an air compressor and a pressure maintaining water pump, wherein the pressure maintaining water pump is connected with the model box through a gas pipe, and the gas pipe is in sealing connection with the model box; the air compressor is connected with the pressure maintaining water pump and provides additional pressure required by the pressure maintaining water pump.
Preferably, the loading system comprises a vibration exciter group, a carrying cross beam, a signal amplifier, a signal generator and a computer, wherein the carrying cross beam comprises two I-beams, upright posts and a concrete foundation, the I-beams penetrate through the tunnel model, the I-beams are fixed on the upright posts, the upright posts are rigidly connected with the concrete foundation, and the concrete foundation is respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the model box; the vibration exciter group comprises a plurality of electromagnetic vibration exciters, each electromagnetic vibration exciter is fixed on the I-steel, and each electromagnetic vibration exciter is sequentially connected with the signal amplifier, the signal generator and the computer.
Preferably, the monitoring system comprises an acceleration sensor, a pore water pressure gauge, a soil pressure box, a dynamic force sensor, a displacement sensor and dynamic signal acquisition equipment, wherein the acceleration sensor is arranged in a tunnel model and a soil layer material, the pore water pressure gauge is arranged in the soil layer material, the soil pressure box is arranged above the tunnel model, the displacement sensor is arranged on the upper part of the soil layer material, the dynamic force sensor is arranged below each electromagnetic vibration exciter, and the acceleration sensor, the pore water pressure gauge, the soil pressure box, the dynamic force sensor and the displacement sensor are connected with the dynamic signal acquisition equipment through connecting wires, and the dynamic signal acquisition equipment is connected with a computer.
Preferably, in order to realize the simulation of the hydraulic environment, the invention is realized by adopting the following steps: firstly, sealing the joints of the model box top plate, square openings on two sides and the eyelet and the tunnel model to form a waterproof and pressure-resistant closed space; secondly, filling a soil layer material and a liquid material into the model box, so that the liquid level is higher than the soil layer material, and under the action of external pressurization of the pressure-keeping water pump, approximately simulating seepage and water pressure actions; and finally, according to the data of the soil pressure box above the tunnel, regulating the pressure maintaining water pump to reach the test required pressure so as to accurately control the pressure in the model box.
Preferably, in order to simulate the crossing condition of a train, the invention is realized by adopting the following steps: firstly, respectively carrying two rows of vibration exciter groups on two I-steel in parallel, so that the vibration heads of the electromagnetic vibration exciter just contact with the track model; secondly, train vibration load with the time interval delta t is input to two adjacent electromagnetic vibration exciters, so that train movement effect is simulated; and finally, respectively controlling the two rows of vibration exciter groups to approximate the train crossing working condition. The load excitation curves applied by each electromagnetic vibration exciter are the same, and the time interval delta t between two adjacent electromagnetic vibration exciters is equal to the time interval delta t between two adjacent electromagnetic vibration exciters:
Δt＝ΔL/v
wherein: Δl is the sleeper spacing and v is the train speed; the number and the interval of the electromagnetic vibration generators can be flexibly adjusted according to experimental requirements so as to achieve the optimal simulation effect; the input load can be precisely controlled according to the data of the dynamic force sensor so as to ensure precise application of the load.
Preferably, one or more existing cracks are prefabricated in the tunnel model, the existing cracks are arranged along the length direction of the tunnel model, and the depth and the length of the existing cracks are set according to specific test requirements so as to approximate the damage condition of the tunnel.
Preferably, the applicability of the invention is extended by installing flanges of different apertures; according to the invention, flanges with different holes can be installed according to specific test requirements, one or more tunnel models are arranged, and the height of the stand column is adjusted so as to study dynamic response characteristics caused by train movement of double-hole tunnels with different section types under a hydraulic environment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a single-hole double-line tunnel structure in a reduced scale test, considers the influence of train crossing action on the structure, and simulates the hydraulic environment in a model box in an external pressurizing mode; by using the dynamic response test system, the propagation and attenuation rules of vibration loads generated by trains of different vehicle types and vehicle speeds in different directions in tunnels and surrounding soil layers under the hydraulic environment can be researched, so that the dynamic response problem of underwater tunnel structures and surrounding rocks under the action of moving loads of the trains is deeply known, and a practical basis is provided for engineering actual and theoretical research.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic response test system apparatus for tunnel structures and surrounding rocks;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along section A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a damaged tunnel;
FIG. 4 is a three view of a column structure and concrete foundation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a removable top plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a different aperture flange;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a seal at the junction of the flanges on both sides and the tunnel model.
In the figure: 1. a model box; 2. a tunnel model; 3. carrying a cross beam; 4. a concrete foundation; 5. a liquid material; 6. a soil layer material; 7. a removable top plate; 8. a vibration exciter set; 9. a dynamic force sensor; 10. an air compressor; 11. pressure maintaining water pump; 12. a gas pipe; 13. a sealing gasket; 14 an acceleration sensor; 15. a pore water pressure gauge; 16. a computer; 17. a signal generator; 18. a signal amplifier; 19. filling gas; 20. dynamic force acquisition equipment; 21. a flange; 22. a square opening; 23. i-steel; 24. a bolt; 25. a column; 26. a track model; 27. an adjustable bolt hole; 28. a high-strength bolt; 29. an eyelet; 30. a seal ring; 31. a soil pressure box; 32. a rubber cushion layer; 33. a mold box sidewall; 34. a displacement sensor; 35. existing cracks; 100. a water pressure control system; 200. loading a system; 300. and (5) monitoring the system.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, illustrative examples and illustrations of which are provided herein to illustrate the invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment provides a test system for simulating power response of an underwater tunnel caused by train crossing, which aims to study propagation rules of vibration waves in the underwater tunnel and surrounding soil layers caused by train crossing action; the test system consists of a model box 1, a water pressure control system 100, a loading system 200 and a monitoring system 300; the model box 1 is used for simulating a hydraulic environment; the hydraulic control system 100 is positioned outside the model box 1, and the hydraulic control system 100 is connected with the model box 1 by adopting a gas pipe 12; the loading system 200 is arranged at the center of the model box 1 and is used for applying train vibration load to the model tunnel 2; the monitoring system 300 is located in the model box 1 and is used for monitoring the dynamic response of the tunnel structure and surrounding rock under the action of the train load.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 5 and 6, the model box 1 is of a cube structure formed by welding steel plates, a detachable top plate 7 is arranged at the top, square openings 22 are arranged at the centers of the steel plates at the left side and the right side, flanges 21 are arranged at the outer sides of each square opening 22, the flanges 21 are fixed with the model box 1 by bolts, and a rubber cushion layer 32 is arranged between the flanges 21 and the model box 1; the inner surface of the model box 1 is provided with a vibration reduction coating, the model box 1 is filled with a soil layer material 6 and a liquid material 5, the liquid level 5 of the liquid material is higher than that of the soil layer material 6, and an independent tunnel model 2 is embedded in the soil layer material 6; the tunnel model 2 is of a single-hole double-line tunnel structure, a track model 26 is arranged in the tunnel model 2 along the length direction, the tunnel model 2 penetrates through flanges 21 on the left side and the right side of the model box 1, the number and the shape of holes 29 of the flanges 21 are the same as those of the tunnel model 2, and sealing rings 30 are arranged between the holes 29 and the tunnel model 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic control system 100 includes an air compressor 10 and a pressure maintaining water pump 11, the pressure maintaining water pump 11 is connected with the model box by adopting an air pipe 12, a sealing gasket 13 is adopted between the air pipe 12 and the model box 1 for filling, and the air compressor 10 is connected with the pressure maintaining water pump 11 to provide additional pressure required by the pressure maintaining water pump 11.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the loading system 200 includes the mounting beam 3, the exciter set 8, the computer 16, the signal generator 17 and the signal amplifier 18; the carrying beam 3 comprises two I-beams 23, an upright post 25 and a concrete foundation 4, wherein the I-beams 23 penetrate through the inside of the tunnel model 2, the I-beams 23 are fixed on the upright post 25, the upright post 25 is rigidly connected with the concrete foundation 4, and the concrete foundation 4 is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the model box 1; the vibration exciter set 8 comprises a plurality of electromagnetic vibration exciters, and each electromagnetic vibration exciter is fixed on the I-steel 23; each electromagnetic exciter is in turn connected to a signal amplifier 18, a signal generator 17 and a computer 16.
As shown in fig. 1, the monitoring system 300 is composed of an acceleration sensor 14, a pore water meter 15, a soil pressure box 31, a dynamic force sensor 9, a displacement sensor 34 and a dynamic force acquisition device 20; the acceleration sensor 14 and the pore water pressure gauge 15 are buried in the soil layer material 6, the soil pressure box 31 is arranged at the upper part of the tunnel model 2, the displacement sensor 34 is arranged above the soil layer material 6, and the dynamic force sensor 9 is arranged at the lower part of each electromagnetic vibration exciter; the monitoring data of the acceleration sensor 14, the pore water pressure meter 15, the soil pressure box 31 and the dynamic force sensor 9 are transmitted to the dynamic signal acquisition equipment 20 through connecting wires; the dynamic signal acquisition device 20 is connected to the computer 16 for acquiring and processing the monitoring data in real time.
The invention discloses a process for simulating a hydraulic environment in a dynamic response model test, which comprises the following steps of:
1. and carrying a tunnel model: as shown in fig. 7, sealing rings 30 are adopted to seal the two ends of the tunnel model 2 and the holes 29, and a model box side wall 33, a rubber cushion layer 32, a flange 21, the sealing rings 30 and the tunnel model 2 are arranged in sequence from left to right;
2. filling material: a vibration reduction material is smeared on the inner surface of the model box 1 so as to reduce the influence of vibration wave reflection and environmental vibration on test results; the model box 1 is filled with a liquid material 5 and a soil layer material 6, so that the liquid level of the liquid material 5 is higher than that of the soil layer material 6;
3. sealing the box body: as shown in fig. 5, the detachable top plate 7 and the model box 1 are fixedly connected by adopting a high-strength bolt 28, and a sealing ring is arranged between the detachable top plate 7 and the model box 1 so as to ensure the sealing of the box body;
4. applying pressure: the pressure maintaining water pump 11 is connected with the model box through the gas pipe 12, and the pressure of the filling gas 19 in the model box is controlled in a step-by-step pressurizing mode, so that the pressure in the test box is kept constant, and the simulation of the hydraulic environment is realized.
The invention discloses a process for simulating train crossing:
1. carrying an electromagnetic vibration exciter: the vibration exciter group 8 is arranged on the carrying cross beam 3, so that vibration waves caused by the vibration exciter group 8 are transmitted to the ground through the carrying cross beam 3, and the influence of vibration transmission on test results is reduced;
2. and (3) applying a load: the train vibration load is controlled by a computer 16, and the train load is applied to each electromagnetic vibration exciter through a signal generator 17 and a signal amplifier 18;
3. simulation movement: according to the specific requirement of the test, train loads with the time interval delta t are sequentially input to two adjacent electromagnetic vibration exciters so as to simulate the moving effect of the train loads, and the train crossing effect is simulated by controlling the sequence of load input of two rows of vibration exciter groups.
In this embodiment, the mold box 1 is welded from 5mm steel plates, the effective space inside the mold box 1 is 3000×2000×3000mm, and the dimensions of the square openings 22 on both sides are 750×750mm.
In this embodiment, the flange 21 has a thickness of 5mm and a size of 1000×1000mm, holes 29 with different cross-sectional shapes and sizes are formed in the flange 21, and the flange 21 is connected and fixed with the mold box 1 by high-strength bolts 28.
In the embodiment, the tunnel model 2 is of a single-hole double-line tunnel structure, the outer diameter is 700mm, the inner diameter is 600mm, and the length is 2500mm; both ends of the tunnel model penetrate through holes 29 on both sides.
In the embodiment, the dynamic response test system can be used for researching dynamic response characteristics of the single-hole double-track tunnel structure under the condition of water pressure in the train moving load and the train crossing working condition, and the research result can provide basis for further researching the underwater tunnel.
As shown in fig. 3, one or more existing cracks 35 are prefabricated in the tunnel model 2, the existing cracks 35 are arranged along the length direction of the tunnel model 2, and the depth and the length of the existing cracks 35 are set according to specific test requirements so as to approximate the damage condition of the tunnel.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the invention can install flanges 21 with different holes 29 at square openings 22 on two sides according to specific test requirements, adjust the heights of the upright posts 25, study the dynamic response characteristics of double-hole tunnels with different section forms, and expand the application range of the model box.
The invention discloses a use method of a test system for simulating power response of an underwater tunnel caused by train crossing, which comprises the following steps:
step one: flanges 21 corresponding to the shape of the tunnel model 2 are arranged at square openings 22 of the model boxes at two sides, paint, waterproof materials and shock absorbing materials are sequentially smeared inside the model boxes, and the reflection effect of the boundary on vibration waves is weakened;
step two: the soil layer material 6 is filled in layers to the height of the lower lying layer, an acceleration sensor 14 and a pore water pressure meter 15 are arranged at corresponding positions, the acceleration sensor 14 and the pore water pressure meter 15 are connected with a dynamic force collector 20 through connecting wires, and the dynamic force collector 20 is connected with a computer 16;
step three: the two ends of the tunnel model 2 penetrate through holes 29 on the left side and the right side of the model box, sealing rings 30 are arranged between the tunnel model 2 and the holes 29, sealant with a certain thickness is smeared, sealing of the joint is achieved, and soil filling is continued until the specified height is reached;
step four: two H-shaped steels 23 with the length of 3m and number 12 are traversed inside the tunnel model, two groups of vibration exciter groups 8 are respectively carried on the two H-shaped steels 23, the H-shaped steels 23 are vertically and symmetrically arranged and carried on upright posts 25, and the upright posts 25 are fixed on a concrete foundation 4;
step five: adding a liquid material 5 into a model box, enabling the liquid level to be higher than the soil layer material 6, standing for a period of time to fully saturate soil, installing a top plate 7, connecting the model box with a pressure maintaining water pump 11 through a gas pipe 12, and gradually pressurizing and controlling the pressure in the model box through the pressure maintaining water pump 11;
step six: the application of the overlying water pressure is regulated through the data fed back by the soil pressure box 31 above the tunnel model 2, the constant pressure is kept after the stable pressure is reached, the train vibration load with different waveforms and amplitudes is controlled and input to the vibration exciter group 8 through the computer 16, the load is input to each electromagnetic vibration exciter through the signal generator 17 and the signal amplifier 18, and the load output by the electromagnetic vibration exciter is fed back through the dynamic force sensor 9;
step seven: by analyzing the monitoring data of the acceleration sensor 14 and the pore water gauge 15, the dynamic response characteristics of the underwater tunnel structure and surrounding soil layers caused by the train vibration load are explored.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: a scale test is adopted, a hydraulic environment is simulated in the model box 1, a moving load is applied to the tunnel model 2 by using an electromagnetic vibration exciter, and dynamic response of train vibration to an underwater tunnel structure and surrounding rock is simulated. Specifically, the independent tunnel model 2 is penetrated through holes 29 on two sides, and a sealing ring 30 is arranged between the holes 29 and the tunnel model 2, so that the water resistance and the compression resistance of the joint are ensured; secondly, filling a soil layer material 6 and a liquid material 5 into the model box 1, enabling the liquid level of the liquid material 5 to be higher than that of the soil layer material 6 and keeping a saturated state, and controlling the water pressure in the model box 1 through a pressure maintaining water pump 11 to realize the simulation of the water pressure environment; thirdly, controlling input load waveforms by adopting a computer 16, transmitting train vibration loads to each electromagnetic vibration exciter by a signal generator 17 and a signal amplifier 18, and controlling the input loads of the two rows of vibration exciter groups 8 to simulate train crossing action; finally, the dynamic response of the underwater tunnel is studied by analyzing the data of the soil acceleration sensor 14 and the pore water pressure gauge 15 which are arranged at different positions in the tunnel model 2 and the soil layer material 6 and deducing the propagation and attenuation rules of train vibration waves in the tunnel structure and surrounding soil layers according to the similar relation.
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment, and all technical modifications made according to the technical scheme of the invention fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A test system for simulating power response of an underwater tunnel caused by train crossing, comprising: a model box (1), a water pressure control system (100), a loading system (200) and a monitoring system (300); the model box (1) is used for simulating a hydraulic environment; the hydraulic control system (100) is positioned at the outer side of the model box (1), and the hydraulic control system (100) is connected with the model box (1) by adopting a gas pipe (12); the loading system (200) is arranged at the center of the model box (1) and is used for applying train vibration load to the model tunnel (2); the monitoring system (300) is positioned in the model box (1) and is used for monitoring the dynamic response of the tunnel structure and surrounding rock under the action of the train load.
2. A test system for simulating a train crossing to cause an underwater tunnel dynamic response as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the mold box (1) is of a cube structure formed by welding steel plates, a detachable top plate (7) is arranged at the top, square openings (22) are formed in the centers of the left steel plate and the right steel plate, flanges (21) are arranged on the outer sides of each square opening (22), the flanges (21) and the mold box (1) are fixed through bolts, and a rubber cushion layer (32) is arranged between the flanges (21) and the mold box (1).
3. A test system for simulating a train crossing to cause an underwater tunnel dynamic response as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the inner surface of the model box (1) is provided with a vibration reduction coating, the model box (1) is internally filled with a soil layer material (6) and a liquid material (5), the liquid level (5) of the liquid material is higher than that of the soil layer material (6), and an independent tunnel model (2) is buried in the soil layer material (6).
4. A test system for simulating a train crossing to cause an underwater tunnel dynamic response as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the tunnel model (2) is of a single-hole double-line tunnel structure, a track model (26) is arranged in the tunnel model (2) along the length direction, the tunnel model (2) penetrates through flanges (21) on the left side and the right side of the model box (1), the number and the shape of holes (29) on the flanges (21) are the same as those of the tunnel model (2), and sealing rings (30) are arranged between the holes (29) and the tunnel model (2).
5. A test system for simulating a train crossing to cause an underwater tunnel dynamic response as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the hydraulic control system (200) comprises an air compressor (10) and a pressure maintaining water pump (11), wherein the pressure maintaining water pump (11) is connected with the model box (100) through a gas pipe (12), and the air compressor (10) is connected with the pressure maintaining water pump (11) through the gas pipe (12).
6. A test system for simulating a train crossing to cause an underwater tunnel dynamic response as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the loading system (200) comprises a vibration exciter group (8), a carrying beam (3), a signal amplifier (18), a signal generator (17) and a computer (16); the carrying cross beam (3) comprises two I-beams (23), an upright post (25) and a concrete foundation (4), wherein the I-beams (23) penetrate through the tunnel model (2), the I-beams (23) are fixed on the upright post (25), the upright post (25) is rigidly connected with the concrete foundation (4), and the concrete foundation (4) is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the model box (1); the vibration exciter group (8) comprises a plurality of electromagnetic vibration exciters, each electromagnetic vibration exciter is fixed on the I-steel (23), and each electromagnetic vibration exciter is sequentially connected with the signal amplifier (18), the signal generator (17) and the computer (16).
7. A test system for simulating a train crossing to cause an underwater tunnel dynamic response as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the monitoring system (300) comprises an acceleration sensor (14), a pore water pressure gauge (15), a soil pressure box (31), a dynamic force sensor (9), a displacement sensor (34) and a dynamic signal acquisition device (20); acceleration sensor (14) are laid in tunnel model (2) and soil layer material (6), pore water pressure gauge (15) are laid in soil layer material (6), soil pressure box (31) are laid in tunnel model (2) top, displacement sensor (34) are laid on soil layer material (6) upper portion, dynamic force sensor (9) are laid in every electromagnetic vibration exciter below, acceleration sensor (14), pore water pressure gauge (15), soil pressure box (31), dynamic force sensor (9), displacement sensor (34) link to each other with dynamic signal acquisition equipment (20) through the connecting wire, dynamic acquisition equipment (20) link to each other with computer (16).
8. A test system for simulating a train crossing to cause an underwater tunnel dynamic response as claimed in claim 6 wherein: the load excitation curves applied by each electromagnetic vibration exciter in the vibration exciter group (8) are the same, and the time interval between two adjacent electromagnetic vibration exciters is deltat:
Δt＝ΔL/v
wherein: Δl is the sleeper spacing and v is the train speed.
9. A test system for simulating a train crossing to cause an underwater tunnel dynamic response in accordance with claim 4, wherein: one or more existing cracks (35) are prefabricated inside the tunnel model (2).
10. A test system for simulating a train crossing to cause an underwater tunnel dynamic response in accordance with claim 4, wherein: flanges (21) of different holes are mounted.
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| CN202310969688.3A CN116989967A (en) | 2023-08-03 | 2023-08-03 | Test system for simulating power response of underwater tunnel caused by train crossing |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114199686A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉二航路桥特种工程有限责任公司 | Model test device and method for disease evolution law of tunnel lining of operation highway |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114199686A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉二航路桥特种工程有限责任公司 | Model test device and method for disease evolution law of tunnel lining of operation highway |
| CN114199686B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-05-14 | 中交特种工程有限公司 | Model test device and method for operating highway tunnel lining disease evolution law |
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