CN116989080A

CN116989080A - Brake clearance adjusting mechanism and adjusting strategy of disc brake

Info

Publication number: CN116989080A
Application number: CN202311139060.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙超; 林玮静; 姚朋威
Original assignee: China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Jinan Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Jinan Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-09-05
Filing date: 2023-09-05
Publication date: 2023-11-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a brake clearance adjusting mechanism and an adjusting strategy of a disc brake, which belong to the technical field of disc brakes and comprise a manual adjusting shaft, a rotary transmission head, a shaft sleeve, a push disc, a piston and a fixed support, wherein a push disc cylinder is arranged at the front side of the push disc and is in sliding connection with the fixed support; the piston is in threaded connection with the pushing disc cylinder; the shaft sleeve is rotationally sleeved with the manual adjusting shaft, and the front end of the shaft sleeve is connected with the rotary transmission head; the rear end of the manual adjusting shaft is provided with a manual adjusting disc which is clamped with the piston and slides; an overload clutch device is arranged in the piston; the adjusting sleeve is clamped and matched with the piston in a sliding way; a return spring is arranged in the piston. The single push rod structure of the main adjusting assembly and the simple double-guide anti-rotation structure are realized, meanwhile, the large-diameter and large-area push plate is adopted, the installation space of the main adjusting assembly can be effectively and greatly reduced, the main adjusting anti-rotation capability is greatly improved, the distribution condition of the bearing capacity of the single push rod is improved, and the use reliability is ensured. The manual adjustment of the braking gap can be realized, the automatic adjustment of the braking gap can be realized, and the overload protection of the main adjustment assembly can be realized.

Description

Brake clearance adjusting mechanism and adjusting strategy of disc brake

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of disc brakes, and particularly relates to a brake clearance adjusting mechanism and an adjusting strategy of a disc brake.

Background

Conventional automotive brakes are classified into drum brakes and disc brakes.

The drum brake uses a brake transmission mechanism to enable a brake shoe to press a brake friction plate on the inner side of a brake drum, thereby generating braking force, and enabling wheels to be decelerated or stopped in the shortest distance according to the requirement so as to ensure the running safety and ensure the reliable parking of an automobile and not to automatically slide.

The rotating element in a disk brake friction pair is a metal disk operating on an end face, called a brake disk. The friction element clamps the brake disc from both sides to produce braking. The fixing element has various structural forms, and the disc brake can be largely divided into two types of caliper disc type and full disc type.

Compared with a drum brake, the disc brake has the remarkable advantages of compact structure, good thermal stability and the like, and is more suitable for being arranged in a brake system of a high-end heavy truck.

With the light weight and higher reliability requirements of the whole vehicle, the light weight and the improvement of the reliability of the disc brake become key elements for improving the permeability of the disc brake. At present, the air disc brake is mainly divided into a double-push-rod disc brake and a single-push-rod disc brake, wherein the double-push-rod disc brake has certain advantages in the anti-rotation and bearing capacity distribution of a main adjusting mechanism, so that the reliability is higher, but the double-push-rod structure of the double-push-rod disc brake causes a larger brake cavity and the light weight level is lower; the single push rod disc brake has higher light weight level, but has poor action reliability due to the complicated main rotation-preventing structure, poor single push rod bearing capacity distribution and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems that a brake cavity of a traditional double-push rod disc brake is large, the light weight level is low, and a traditional single-push rod disc brake is complex in main adjustment anti-rotation structure, poor in single-push rod bearing capacity distribution, poor in action reliability and the like, the invention provides a disc brake braking gap adjusting mechanism and an adjusting strategy, a main adjustment assembly single-push rod structure and a simple double-guide anti-rotation structure are realized, meanwhile, a large-diameter and large-area push disc structure is adopted, the installation space of the main adjustment assembly is greatly reduced, the main adjustment anti-rotation capacity is greatly improved, and the single-push rod bearing capacity distribution condition is improved.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the disc brake braking gap adjusting mechanism comprises a hand adjusting shaft, a rotary transmission head, a shaft sleeve, a push disc, a piston and a fixed support, wherein the front side of the push disc is connected with a push disc cylinder; the outer ring of the piston is in threaded connection with the inner ring of the push disc cylinder, and the front end and the rear end of the piston are respectively provided with an adjusting sleeve mounting boss and a hand adjusting disc mounting groove; the shaft sleeve is rotationally sleeved with the manual adjusting shaft, and the front end of the shaft sleeve is connected with the rotary transmission head; the rear end of the hand-adjusting shaft is connected and provided with a hand-adjusting disc, and the hand-adjusting disc is provided with a hand-adjusting disc guide boss which is embedded with the hand-adjusting disc mounting groove and can be matched in a front-back sliding way; the piston is in a cylindrical structure, an adjusting sleeve rotationally sleeved with the front part of the shaft sleeve and an overload clutch device positioned and sleeved with the rear part of the shaft sleeve are arranged in the piston, and the overload clutch device has one-way transmission and overload protection functions for the shaft sleeve and the adjusting sleeve; an adjusting sleeve groove which is embedded with the adjusting sleeve installation boss and can be matched with the adjusting sleeve in a front-back sliding way is formed in the adjusting sleeve; the piston is also internally provided with a return spring which can elastically support the piston forwards.

The overload clutch device comprises a clutch shell sleeved on the outer ring of the shaft sleeve in a positioning way and a clutch shaft sleeved on the outer ring of the shaft sleeve in a rotating way, and a friction plate II and a friction plate I which are mutually attached are respectively positioned and installed on the opposite inner sides of the clutch shaft and the clutch shell; the clutch shaft is connected with the adjusting sleeve through a one-way clutch.

The invention further improves that the two ends of the return spring are respectively provided with a bearing I and a bearing II; the bearing I and the bearing II are respectively in butt joint with the overload clutch device and the front end of the piston.

The invention further improves that a base plate I and a base plate II are respectively arranged between the two ends of the return spring and the bearing I and the bearing II in a cushioning manner.

The invention further improves that a dust cover is arranged between the edge of the through hole of the fixed bracket and the outer ring of the push disc cylinder.

According to the invention, a dust cover mounting groove capable of clamping the edge of the dust cover is formed in the outer ring of one end, close to the push disc, of the push disc barrel.

The invention further improves that the fixing piece is of an L-shaped bending plate structure, a fixing piece mounting hole is formed in one bending section of the fixing piece, and a guide sleeve which is in sliding sleeve connection with the guide shaft is clamped in the fixing piece mounting hole; the outer ring of the front end of the push disc cylinder is provided with a push disc groove which is positioned and installed with the other bending section of the fixing sheet.

The invention further improves that the two sides of the other bending section of the fixing piece are provided with fixing disc flanging.

The invention further improves that the front end of the adjusting sleeve is provided with an adjusting sleeve boss which can limit the abutting of the piston.

The other aspect of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a disc brake slack adjustment strategy comprising the steps of:

s1: manual adjustment of brake clearance:

manual brake clearance adjustment: the manual adjustment shaft is rotated clockwise, the piston is driven to rotate clockwise through the manual adjustment disc, and the push disc cylinder is guided in a front-back sliding way through the guide shaft and the through hole of the fixed support, and the piston is connected with the push disc cylinder in a threaded way, so that the push disc cylinder moves forwards, the axial distance between the piston and the push disc is reduced, and the manual adjustment of the braking gap of the brake is realized;

manual brake clearance adjustment: the manual adjusting shaft is rotated anticlockwise, the piston is driven to rotate anticlockwise through the manual adjusting disc, and the piston is in threaded connection with the push disc cylinder through the guide shaft and the through hole of the fixed support in a sliding manner, so that the axial distance between the piston and the push disc is increased, and the manual adjustment of the braking gap of the brake is realized;

s2: automatically adjusting the braking gap:

when the gap of the brake is larger than the set gap, the external power mechanism drives the rotary transmission head to rotate anticlockwise before the brake block contacts with the brake disc, and the piston is driven to rotate anticlockwise sequentially through the shaft sleeve, the overload clutch device and the adjusting sleeve;

s3: and overload protection of the main adjustment assembly:

after the brake block contacts with the brake disc, the piston and the push disc bear the pressing force, the distance between the piston and the push disc cannot be increased continuously, the external power mechanism drives the rotary transmission head to rotate anticlockwise and drives the shaft sleeve to rotate anticlockwise, and the overload clutch device is in overload slipping due to the fact that the piston and the adjusting sleeve cannot rotate, so that overload protection of the main adjusting assembly is realized.

The technical scheme can be seen that the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

adopt single piston and push away a set section of thick bamboo threaded connection to slide the direction around two stationary blades through two guiding axles and push away a set section of thick bamboo rear end, realize that main assembly single push rod structure and simple two direction prevent rotating the structure, adopted major diameter and large tracts of land to push away the dish simultaneously, and piston, overload clutch, adjusting sleeve, return spring, axle sleeve and hand regulating axle all install in pushing away a set section of thick bamboo inside, can effectively reduce the main assembly installation space by a wide margin, promote the main anti-rotating ability of transferring by a wide margin simultaneously, improve single push rod bearing capacity distribution condition, guarantee the reliability of use. An external power mechanism is arranged at the front end of the mechanism, and when in braking action, the external power mechanism controls the rotary transmission head to rotate anticlockwise through ball head connection, and the external power mechanism controls the push disc (the push disc cylinder and the piston) to push backwards through a pushing device, and the push disc is connected with a brake block to realize contact braking of the brake block and the brake disc; when the braking action is released, the external power mechanism controls the rotary transmission head to rotate clockwise through the ball head connection, the pushing device retracts forwards, and the piston (the disc pushing cylinder and the disc pushing cylinder) is elastically supported to return through the return spring, so that the brake block and the brake disc are separated. The device has the advantages of simple integral structure, convenient use and good practicality, can realize the adjustment of the brake clearance or the adjustment of the brake clearance by the manual adjustment shaft, can realize the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance by the action principle of the overload clutch device, and can realize the overload protection of the main adjustment assembly.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fixing bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a piston structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pushing disc and a pushing disc barrel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a fixing piece according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of an adjusting sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a hand dial according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure of a portion a in fig. 3.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the principle of operation of the self-adjusting portion of the master assembly when the brake clearance is normal in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the self-adjusting part of the master adjusting assembly when the braking gap is too large in the specific embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a manual brake clearance adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a manual brake clearance adjustment principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings: 1. the manual adjustment shaft, 2, the rotary transmission head, 3, the shaft sleeve, 4, the adjustment sleeve, 41, the adjustment sleeve groove, 42, the adjustment sleeve boss, 5, the guide sleeve, 6, the fixed sheet, 61, the fixed disc flanging, 62, the fixed sheet mounting hole, 7, the guide shaft, 8, the fixed support, 81, the guide shaft mounting hole, 82, the fixed support mounting hole, 83, the fixed support through hole, 9, the dust cover, 10, the clamp, 11, the push disc, 111, the push disc groove, 112, the push disc barrel, 113, the dust cover mounting groove, 12, the piston, 121, the manual adjustment disc mounting groove, 122, the adjustment sleeve mounting boss, 13, the overload clutch device, 131, the clutch housing, 132, the friction disc I, 133, the friction disc II, 134, the clutch shaft, 135, the one-way clutch, 136, the sliding sleeve, 14, the manual adjustment disc, 141, the manual adjustment disc mounting hole, 142, the manual adjustment disc guide boss, 15, the bearing I, 16, the backing plate I, 17, the return spring, 18, the backing plate II, 19 and the bearing II.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in this specific embodiment, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments in this patent, which would be within the purview of one of ordinary skill in the art without the particular effort to make the invention are intended to be within the scope of the patent protection.

As shown in fig. 3, in the following embodiment, the left side is defined as the front direction and the right side is defined as the rear direction for the sake of visual description.

1-3, an alternative embodiment of the present invention discloses a disc brake clearance adjustment mechanism, which comprises a hand adjustment shaft 1, a rotary transmission head 2, a shaft sleeve 3, a push disc 11, a piston 12 and a fixed bracket 8, wherein the fixed bracket 8 is provided with a plurality of fixed bracket mounting holes 82 for positioning and mounting with a frame; the front side of the push disc 11 is integrally formed with a cylindrical push disc cylinder 112, a fixed support through hole 83 which is sleeved with the push disc cylinder 112 in a sliding way is formed in the middle of the fixed support 8, guide shaft mounting holes 81 are formed in the upper side and the lower side of the fixed support 8, guide shafts 7 in the front-rear direction are positioned and mounted in the guide shaft mounting holes 81, and fixing sheets 6 which are guided with the two guide shafts 7 in a sliding way are positioned and mounted in the upper side and the lower side of the front end of the push disc cylinder 112; the outer ring of the piston 12 is in threaded connection with the inner ring of the push disc cylinder 112, two adjusting sleeve mounting bosses 122 are arranged at the front end of the piston 12 in an array manner, and four hand adjusting disc mounting grooves 121 are arranged at the rear end of the piston 12 in an array manner; the shaft sleeve 3 is rotationally sleeved with the manual adjusting shaft 1, and the front end of the shaft sleeve 3 is in positioning connection with the rotary transmission head 2 (the front end of the shaft sleeve 3 is in interference insertion with the rotary transmission head 2); the rear end of the hand-adjusting shaft 1 is fixedly connected and provided with a hand-adjusting disc 14 (the center of the hand-adjusting disc 14 is provided with a hand-adjusting disc mounting hole 141 in interference fit with the hand-adjusting shaft 1), and the outer ring of the hand-adjusting disc 14 is provided with a hand-adjusting disc guide boss 142 which is embedded with the hand-adjusting disc mounting groove 121 and can be in sliding guide fit with the hand-adjusting disc mounting groove 121 forwards and backwards; the piston 12 is in a cylindrical structure, an adjusting sleeve 4 rotationally sleeved with the front part of the shaft sleeve 3 and an overload clutch device 13 positioned and sleeved with the rear part of the shaft sleeve 3 are arranged in the piston 12, the overload clutch device 13 has one-way transmission and overload protection functions on the shaft sleeve 3 and the adjusting sleeve 4, and the specific working principle of the overload clutch device 13 is as follows: when the shaft sleeve 3 rotates anticlockwise relative to the adjusting sleeve 4, the overload clutch device 13 can transmit power; when the torsion of the shaft sleeve 3 which rotates reversely exceeds a certain overload value F, the overload clutch device 13 is in overload slip, and power is not transmitted; when the shaft sleeve 3 rotates clockwise relative to the adjusting sleeve 4, the overload clutch device 13 is separated and idles, and power is not transmitted. The adjusting sleeve 4 is provided with an adjusting sleeve groove 41 which is embedded with the adjusting sleeve mounting boss 122 and can be matched with the adjusting sleeve mounting boss 122 in a sliding guide way back and forth; the piston 12 is also provided internally with a return spring 17 capable of elastically supporting the piston 12 forward.

The single piston 12 is in threaded connection with the push disc barrel 112, the front and back sliding guide of the two guide shafts 7 and the two fixing sheets 6 at the rear end of the push disc barrel 112 is realized, the single push rod structure of the main adjusting assembly and the simple double-guide anti-rotation structure are realized, meanwhile, the large-diameter and large-area push disc 11 is adopted, the piston 12, the overload clutch device 13, the adjusting sleeve 4, the return spring 17, the shaft sleeve 3 and the manual adjusting shaft 1 are all arranged in the push disc barrel 112, the installation space of the main adjusting assembly can be effectively and greatly reduced, the main adjusting anti-rotation capability is greatly improved, the distribution condition of the bearing capacity of the single push rod is improved, and the use reliability is ensured. An external power mechanism is arranged at the front end of the mechanism, and when in braking action, the external power mechanism controls the rotary transmission head 2 to rotate anticlockwise through ball head connection, and the external power mechanism controls the push disc 11 (the push disc cylinder 112 and the piston 12) to push backwards through a pushing device, and the push disc 11 is connected with a brake block to realize contact braking of the brake block and the brake disc; when the braking action is released, the external power mechanism controls the rotary transmission head 2 to rotate clockwise through the ball head connection, the pushing device retracts forwards, the piston 12 (the push disc cylinder 112 and the push disc 11) is elastically supported and returned through the return spring 17, and the separation of the brake block and the brake disc is realized. The whole structure is simple, the use is convenient, the practicality is good, the adjustment of the braking gap can be realized through the manual adjustment shaft 1 or the adjustment of the braking gap can be realized through the action principle of the overload clutch device 13, the automatic adjustment of the braking gap can be realized, and the overload protection of the main adjustment assembly can be realized.

The invention discloses a brake clearance adjusting mechanism of a disc brake, which comprises a hand adjusting shaft 1, a rotary transmission head 2, a shaft sleeve 3, a push disc 11, a piston 12 and a fixed bracket 8, wherein a plurality of fixed bracket mounting holes 82 for positioning and mounting with a frame are formed in the fixed bracket 8; the front side of the push disc 11 is integrally formed with a cylindrical push disc cylinder 112, a fixed support through hole 83 which is sleeved with the push disc cylinder 112 in a sliding way is formed in the middle of the fixed support 8, guide shaft mounting holes 81 are formed in the upper side and the lower side of the fixed support 8, guide shafts 7 in the front-rear direction are positioned and mounted in the guide shaft mounting holes 81, and fixing sheets 6 which are guided with the two guide shafts 7 in a sliding way are positioned and mounted in the upper side and the lower side of the front end of the push disc cylinder 112; the outer ring of the piston 12 is in threaded connection with the inner ring of the push disc cylinder 112, two adjusting sleeve mounting bosses 122 are arranged at the front end of the piston 12 in an array manner, and four hand adjusting disc mounting grooves 121 are arranged at the rear end of the piston 12 in an array manner; the shaft sleeve 3 is rotationally sleeved with the manual adjusting shaft 1, and the front end of the shaft sleeve 3 is in positioning connection with the rotary transmission head 2 (the front end of the shaft sleeve 3 is in interference insertion with the rotary transmission head 2); the rear end of the hand-adjusting shaft 1 is fixedly connected and provided with a hand-adjusting disc 14 (the center of the hand-adjusting disc 14 is provided with a hand-adjusting disc mounting hole 141 in interference fit with the hand-adjusting shaft 1), and the outer ring of the hand-adjusting disc 14 is provided with a hand-adjusting disc guide boss 142 which is embedded with the hand-adjusting disc mounting groove 121 and can be in sliding guide fit with the hand-adjusting disc mounting groove 121 forwards and backwards; the piston 12 is in a cylindrical structure, an adjusting sleeve 4 rotationally sleeved with the front part of the shaft sleeve 3 and an overload clutch device 13 positioned and sleeved with the rear part of the shaft sleeve 3 are arranged in the piston 12, and the overload clutch device 13 has one-way transmission and overload protection functions for the shaft sleeve 3 and the adjusting sleeve 4; the adjusting sleeve 4 is provided with an adjusting sleeve groove 41 which is embedded with the adjusting sleeve mounting boss 122 and can be matched with the adjusting sleeve mounting boss 122 in a sliding guide way back and forth; the piston 12 is also provided internally with a return spring 17 capable of elastically supporting the piston 12 forward. As shown in fig. 10, the overload clutch device 13 includes a clutch housing 131 positioned and sleeved on the outer ring of the rear end of the shaft sleeve 3, and a clutch shaft 134 rotatably sleeved on the outer ring of the shaft sleeve 3, wherein a friction plate ii 133 and a friction plate i 132 which are mutually attached are respectively positioned and installed on opposite inner sides of the clutch shaft 134 and the clutch housing 131; the clutch shaft 134 is connected to the adjustment sleeve 4 by a one-way clutch 135. When the rotary transmission head 2 drives the shaft sleeve 3 to rotate anticlockwise, the relative static friction force of the friction plate I132 and the friction plate II 133 and the power of the one-way clutch 135 are transmitted to the adjusting sleeve 4, so that the rotary driving of the piston 12 is realized; when the brake block and the brake disc are in contact braking, the piston 12 and the push disc 11 bear the pressing force, the distance between the piston 12 and the push disc cannot be increased continuously, the rotary transmission head 2 drives the shaft sleeve 3 to rotate anticlockwise, and the friction plate I132 and the friction plate II 133 slip when the torque exceeds the static friction force F of the friction plate I132 and the friction plate II 133 due to the fact that the piston 12 and the adjustment sleeve 4 cannot rotate, so that overload protection of the main adjustment assembly is realized; when the rotary transmission head 2 drives the shaft sleeve 3 to rotate clockwise, the one-way clutch 135 idles, and power is not transmitted to the whole set 4.

Wherein, the clutch shaft 134 inner ring and the adjusting sleeve 4 inner ring are respectively provided with a sliding sleeve 136 which is in sliding sleeve connection with the shaft sleeve 3. The clutch shaft 134 and the adjusting sleeve 4 are reliably and precisely sleeved with the shaft sleeve 3 in a rotating way through the sliding sleeve 136, so that the reliability of the action is ensured.

As shown in fig. 5, the front end of the piston 12 is turned inwards to form a piston flanging, and the adjusting sleeve mounting boss 122 is arranged at the inner edge of the piston flanging; two ends of the return spring 17 are respectively provided with a base plate I16 and a base plate II 18, a bearing I15 is arranged between the base plate I16 and the front end of the clutch housing 131, and a bearing II 19 is arranged between the base plate II 18 and the rear side of the flanging of the piston. The forward elastic support reset of the piston 12 by the return spring 17 can be realized, and the relative flexible rotation of the piston 12 and the clutch housing 131 can be realized.

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, a dust cover 9 with a bellows structure is installed between the edge of the through hole 83 of the fixing bracket and the outer ring of the push disc barrel 112. A dust cover mounting groove 113 capable of clamping the edge of the dust cover 9 is formed in the outer ring of one end, close to the push disc 11, of the push disc barrel 112, and the edge of the dust cover 9 is clamped through the clamp 10. The edge gap of the through hole 83 of the fixed support is sealed through the dust cover 9, so that dust is prevented from entering, the reliability and the accuracy of actions are ensured, and the service life is ensured; the dust cover 9 of bellows structure can freely stretch out and draw back, and boss location suit at one end and fixed bolster through-hole 83 border, and the other end cartridge is in dust cover mounting groove 113 to through clamp 10 hoops tightly, guarantee the reliability of dust cover 9 both ends location.

As shown in fig. 7, the fixing piece 6 has an L-shaped bent plate structure, a fixing piece mounting hole 62 is formed in one bending section of the fixing piece 6, and a guide sleeve 5 sleeved with the guide shaft 7 in a sliding manner is clamped in the fixing piece mounting hole 62; the outer ring of the front end of the push disc barrel 112 is provided with a push disc groove 111 which is positioned and installed with the other bending section of the fixing sheet 6. The fixing piece 6 has simple structure and easy molding, and the guide sleeve 5 which is clamped by the positioning device is matched with the guide shaft 7 in a sliding guide manner, so that the accuracy, reliability and freshness of the front and back sliding guide of the push plate 11 are realized.

Wherein, the two sides of the other bending section of the fixing piece 6 are provided with fixing disc flanging 61. Firm clamping with the push plate groove 111 is realized through the flange 61 of the fixed plate, and screw positioning connection can be added.

Wherein, the front end of the adjusting sleeve 4 is provided with an adjusting sleeve boss 42 which can be used for limiting the front side of the flanging of the piston 12 in a propping way. The shaft sleeve 3 is provided with a shaft shoulder, and the front side and the rear side of the shaft shoulder are respectively used for positioning and mounting the rotary transmission head 2 and limiting the adjusting sleeve 4.

The invention also discloses a brake clearance adjustment strategy of the disc brake, which comprises the following steps:

s1: manual adjustment of brake clearance:

as shown in fig. 13, the brake clearance is manually adjusted up: the manual adjustment shaft 1 is rotated clockwise, the piston 12 is driven to rotate clockwise through the manual adjustment disc 14, and as the push disc cylinder 112 is guided in a sliding way back and forth through the guide shaft 7 and the fixed bracket through hole 83, and the piston 12 is connected with the push disc cylinder 112 in a threaded manner, the push disc cylinder 112 moves forwards, the axial distance between the piston 12 and the push disc 11 is reduced, and the manual adjustment of the brake clearance of the brake is realized;

as shown in fig. 14, the brake clearance is manually adjusted down: the manual adjustment shaft 1 is rotated anticlockwise, the piston 12 is driven to rotate anticlockwise through the manual adjustment disc 14, and as the push disc cylinder 112 is guided in a front-back sliding way through the guide shaft 7 and the through hole 83 of the fixed support, and the piston 12 is in threaded connection with the push disc cylinder 112, the push disc cylinder 112 moves backwards, so that the axial distance between the piston 12 and the push disc 11 is increased, and the manual adjustment of the brake clearance of the brake is realized.

S2 and S3: automatically reducing brake clearance and protecting overload of main adjustment assembly:

as shown in fig. 12, when the brake clearance is larger than the set clearance (when the brake block is worn in long-time use, the brake clearance is overlarge), a braking action is adopted, an external power mechanism controls the rotary transmission head 2 to rotate anticlockwise through ball head connection, and simultaneously the external power mechanism controls the push disc 11 (the push disc cylinder 112 and the piston 12) to push backwards through a pushing device, and before the brake block contacts with the brake disc, the piston 12 is driven to rotate anticlockwise through the shaft sleeve 3, the overload clutch device 13 and the adjusting sleeve 4 in sequence, and as the push disc cylinder 112 slides forwards and backwards through the guide shaft 7 and the fixed bracket through hole 83, the piston 12 is in threaded connection with the push disc cylinder 112, the push disc cylinder 112 moves backwards, so that the axial distance between the piston 12 and the push disc 11 is increased; after the brake block contacts with the brake disc, the piston 12 and the push disc 11 bear the pressing force, the distance between the piston 12 and the push disc 11 cannot be increased continuously, if the external power mechanism drives the rotary transmission head 2 to rotate anticlockwise continuously, the overload clutch device 13 can slip in an overload manner, overload protection of the main adjustment assembly is realized, and the push disc 11 moves backwards, so that reliable braking is realized. When the external power mechanism returns, the rotary transmission head 2 is driven to rotate clockwise, the one-way clutch 135 idles due to the one-way transmission principle of the one-way clutch 135 in the overload clutch device 13, meanwhile, the pushing device retracts forwards, the pushing disc 11 and the piston 12 automatically move forwards under the elasticity of the return spring 17, and the pushing disc 11 moves backwards by L compared with the initial position, so that the automatic adjustment of the braking gap of the brake is realized.

As shown in fig. 11, when the braking gap is normal, a braking action is adopted, the external power mechanism controls the push disc 11 (the push disc cylinder 112 and the piston 12) to push backwards through the pushing device, the brake block is in contact with the brake disc, meanwhile, the external power mechanism controls the rotary transmission head 2 to rotate anticlockwise through the ball joint, and the distance between the piston 12 and the push disc 11 cannot be increased continuously because the piston 12 and the push disc 11 bear the pressing force, the overload clutch device 13 can be overloaded and slipped, and the push disc 11 moves backwards to realize reliable braking. When the external power mechanism returns, the rotary transmission head 2 is driven to rotate clockwise, the one-way clutch 135 idles due to the one-way transmission principle of the one-way clutch 135 in the overload clutch device 13, and meanwhile, the pushing device retracts forwards, and the pushing disc 11 and the piston 12 automatically return to the initial position under the elasticity of the return spring 17.

The disc brake braking gap adjusting mechanism and the adjusting strategy adopt a single piston 12 to be in threaded connection with a disc pushing cylinder 112, and realize a single push rod structure of a main adjusting assembly and a simple double-guide anti-rotation structure through the front and back sliding guide of two guide shafts 7 and two fixing sheets 6 at the rear end of the disc pushing cylinder 112, meanwhile, the large-diameter and large-area disc pushing 11 is adopted, and the piston 12, the overload clutch device 13, the adjusting sleeve 4, the return spring 17, the shaft sleeve 3 and the manual adjusting shaft 1 are all arranged in the disc pushing cylinder 112, so that the installation space of the main adjusting assembly can be effectively and greatly reduced, the main adjusting anti-rotation capability is greatly improved, the bearing capacity distribution condition of the single push rod is improved, and the use reliability is ensured. An external power mechanism is arranged at the front end of the mechanism, and when in braking action, the external power mechanism controls the rotary transmission head 2 to rotate anticlockwise through ball head connection, and the external power mechanism controls the push disc 11 (the push disc cylinder 112 and the piston 12) to push backwards through a pushing device, and the push disc 11 is connected with a brake block to realize contact braking of the brake block and the brake disc; when the braking action is released, the external power mechanism controls the rotary transmission head 2 to rotate clockwise through the ball head connection, the pushing device retracts forwards, the piston 12 (the push disc cylinder 112 and the push disc 11) is elastically supported and returned through the return spring 17, and the separation of the brake block and the brake disc is realized. The whole structure is simple, the use is convenient, the practicality is good, the adjustment of the braking gap can be realized through the manual adjustment shaft 1 or the adjustment of the braking gap can be realized through the action principle of the overload clutch device 13, the automatic adjustment of the braking gap can be realized, and the overload protection of the main adjustment assembly can be realized.

In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments are only required to be referred to each other.

The terms "upper", "lower", "outside", "inside", and the like in the description and in the claims of the present invention and in the above drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between relative relationships in position and not necessarily for giving qualitative sense. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The disc brake braking gap adjusting mechanism comprises a hand adjusting shaft (1), a rotary transmission head (2), a shaft sleeve (3), a push disc (11), a piston (12) and a fixed support (8), and is characterized in that a push disc cylinder (112) is connected to the front side of the push disc (11), a fixed support through hole (83) which is in sliding fit with the push disc cylinder (112) is formed in the middle of the fixed support (8), two guide shafts (7) are oppositely arranged on the front side of the fixed support (8), and a fixing piece (6) which is in sliding guide with the two guide shafts (7) is arranged at the front end of the push disc cylinder (112); the outer ring of the piston (12) is in threaded connection with the inner ring of the push disc cylinder (112), and the front end and the rear end of the piston (12) are respectively provided with an adjusting sleeve mounting boss (122) and a hand adjusting disc mounting groove (121); the shaft sleeve (3) is rotationally sleeved with the manual adjusting shaft (1), and the front end of the shaft sleeve (3) is connected with the rotary transmission head (2); the rear end of the hand-adjusting shaft (1) is connected with a hand-adjusting disc (14), and the hand-adjusting disc (14) is provided with a hand-adjusting disc guide boss (142) which is embedded with a hand-adjusting disc mounting groove (121) and can be in sliding fit back and forth; the piston (12) is in a cylindrical structure, an adjusting sleeve (4) rotationally sleeved with the front part of the shaft sleeve (3) and an overload clutch device (13) positioned and sleeved with the rear part of the shaft sleeve (3) are arranged in the piston, and the overload clutch device (13) has unidirectional transmission and overload protection functions on the shaft sleeve (3) and the adjusting sleeve (4); an adjusting sleeve groove (41) which is embedded with the adjusting sleeve installation boss (122) and can be matched with the adjusting sleeve in a front-back sliding way is formed in the adjusting sleeve (4); the interior of the piston (12) is also provided with a return spring (17) which can elastically support the piston (12) forwards.

2. The brake clearance adjustment mechanism of a disc brake according to claim 1, wherein the overload clutch device (13) comprises a clutch housing (131) positioned and sleeved on the outer ring of the shaft sleeve (3) and a clutch shaft (134) rotatably sleeved on the outer ring of the shaft sleeve (3), and friction plates ii (133) and i (132) which are mutually attached are positioned and mounted on opposite inner sides of the clutch shaft (134) and the clutch housing (131); the clutch shaft (134) is connected with the adjusting sleeve (4) through a one-way clutch (135).

3. The brake clearance adjusting mechanism of the disc brake according to claim 1, wherein the two ends of the return spring (17) are respectively provided with a bearing I (15) and a bearing II (19); the bearing I (15) and the bearing II (19) are respectively in abutting connection with the overload clutch device (13) and the front end of the piston (12).

4. A disc brake gap adjusting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that a backing plate i (16) and a backing plate ii (18) are respectively interposed between both ends of the return spring (17) and the carrier bearings i (15) and ii (19).

5. The brake clearance adjusting mechanism of the disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that a dust cover (9) is installed between the edge of the through hole (83) of the fixing bracket and the outer ring of the disc pushing cylinder (112).

6. The brake clearance adjustment mechanism of a disc brake according to claim 5, characterized in that a dust cover mounting groove (113) capable of clamping the edge of the dust cover (9) is provided on an outer ring of one end of the disc pushing cylinder (112) close to the disc pushing (11).

7. The braking gap adjusting mechanism of the disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing piece (6) is of an L-shaped bent plate structure, a fixing piece mounting hole (62) is formed in one bending section of the fixing piece, and a guide sleeve (5) which is in sliding sleeve connection with the guide shaft (7) is clamped in the fixing piece mounting hole (62); the outer ring of the front end of the pushing disc barrel (112) is provided with a pushing disc groove (111) which is positioned and installed with the other bending section of the fixing sheet (6).

8. The brake clearance adjustment mechanism of a disc brake according to claim 7, characterized in that the fixing disc flanges (61) are provided on both sides of the other bending section of the fixing piece (6).

9. The brake clearance adjustment mechanism of claim 1, characterized in that the front end of the adjustment sleeve (4) is provided with an adjustment sleeve boss (42) capable of limiting the abutment of the piston (12).

10. A disc brake slack adjustment strategy comprising the steps of:

s1: manual adjustment of brake clearance:

manual brake clearance adjustment: the manual adjustment shaft (1) is rotated clockwise, the piston (12) is driven to rotate clockwise through the manual adjustment disc (14), and as the push disc cylinder (112) is guided by the guide shaft (7) and the fixed support through hole (83) in a sliding way back and forth mode, the piston (12) is connected with the push disc cylinder (112) in a threaded way, the push disc cylinder (112) moves forwards, the axial distance between the piston (12) and the push disc (11) is reduced, and the manual adjustment of a brake clearance of a brake is realized;

manual brake clearance adjustment: the manual adjusting shaft (1) is rotated anticlockwise, the piston (12) is driven to rotate anticlockwise through the manual adjusting disc (14), and as the disc pushing cylinder (112) is guided in a sliding way back and forth through the guide shaft (7) and the fixed support through hole (83), the piston (12) is in threaded connection with the disc pushing cylinder (112), the disc pushing cylinder (112) moves backwards, so that the axial distance between the piston (12) and the disc pushing (11) is increased, and the manual adjustment of a brake clearance of a brake is realized;

s2: automatically adjusting the braking gap:

when the gap of the brake is larger than the set gap, the external power mechanism drives the rotary transmission head (2) to rotate anticlockwise before the brake block contacts with the brake disc, and the piston (12) is driven to rotate anticlockwise sequentially through the shaft sleeve (3), the overload clutch device (13) and the adjusting sleeve (4), and as the push disc cylinder (112) is guided in a sliding way back and forth through the guide shaft (7) and the through hole (83) of the fixed support, the piston (12) is in threaded connection with the push disc cylinder (112), the push disc cylinder (112) moves backwards, so that the axial distance between the piston (12) and the push disc (11) is increased, and the automatic adjustment of the brake gap of the brake is realized;

s3: and overload protection of the main adjustment assembly:

after the brake block is contacted with the brake disc, the piston (12) and the push disc (11) bear the pressing force, the distance between the piston and the push disc cannot be continuously increased, the external power mechanism drives the rotary transmission head (2) to rotate anticlockwise, the shaft sleeve (3) is driven to rotate anticlockwise, and the overload clutch device (13) is in overload slipping due to the fact that the piston (12) and the adjusting sleeve (4) cannot rotate, so that overload protection of the main adjustment assembly is realized.