CN116979096A - Fuel cell stack anode simulation device and simulation method - Google Patents
Fuel cell stack anode simulation device and simulation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116979096A CN116979096A CN202311000259.1A CN202311000259A CN116979096A CN 116979096 A CN116979096 A CN 116979096A CN 202311000259 A CN202311000259 A CN 202311000259A CN 116979096 A CN116979096 A CN 116979096A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 72
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04305—Modeling, demonstration models of fuel cells, e.g. for training purposes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04328—Temperature; Ambient temperature of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
- H01M8/045—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a fuel cell stack anode simulation device, which comprises: the hydrogen gas main flow channel comprises a hydrogen gas main flow channel, a first proportional valve, a humidifying system, a heat exchange system, a hydrogen consumption simulation assembly and a galvanic pile simulator controller, wherein a galvanic pile hydrogen inlet is formed in one end of the hydrogen gas main flow channel, a galvanic pile hydrogen outlet is formed in the other opposite end of the hydrogen gas main flow channel, the first proportional valve is arranged on the hydrogen gas main flow channel, the humidifying system comprises a humidifier, the hydrogen consumption simulation assembly comprises a gas branch flow channel, a second proportional valve and a gas mass flowmeter, the gas branch flow channel is communicated to the hydrogen gas main flow channel between the first proportional valve and the humidifying system, and the second proportional valve and the gas mass flowmeter are arranged on the gas branch flow channel. The application also discloses a fuel cell stack anode simulation method. Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the application can be used for independently simulating the reaction process of the anode side of the fuel cell stack, and can be used for testing and calibrating the components of the hydrogen subsystem of the fuel cell without calibrating the components after the fuel cell system is assembled.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy and fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell stack anode simulation device and a simulation method.
Background
Fuel cells are a complex coupled power generation system. The proton exchange membrane in the fuel cell stack is very thin, and if the cathode-anode pressure difference control is unstable, the membrane is very easy to damage, so that the damage of the fuel cell stack which is a key core component is very easy to cause. The fuel cell stack needs to ensure that its cathode-anode pressure difference is within a reasonable range.
In order to test and calibrate fuel cell components and various control parameters, data of the fuel cell system under different working conditions is obtained, and the test system used needs to correspond to the measured working conditions.
The existing fuel cell system test equipment usually tests the whole system, and in addition, test equipment for testing single parts in the fuel cell system is also available, but test calibration equipment for testing fuel cell subsystems in the fuel cell system is absent, and the existing fuel cell system and a test bench for key parts need to use hydrogen and a real galvanic pile, which means that the key parts can be calibrated after the fuel cell system is assembled, the risk of galvanic pile damage exists in the calibration work, and offline calibration cannot be performed.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims at: the fuel cell stack anode simulation device and the simulation method solve the problems of high energy consumption and easiness in error caused by directly carrying out on-line calibration on a fuel cell system, and the damage and the increase of calibration cost of a core component stack.
To achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present application discloses a fuel cell stack anode simulation apparatus, comprising: the hydrogen gas flow control device comprises a hydrogen main flow channel, a first proportional valve, a humidifying system, a heat exchange system, a hydrogen consumption simulation component and a stack simulator controller, wherein a stack hydrogen inlet is formed in one end of the hydrogen main flow channel, a stack hydrogen outlet is formed in the other opposite end of the hydrogen main flow channel, the stack hydrogen inlet is used for introducing hydrogen, a first temperature detector, a first pressure detector and a first humidity detector are arranged at the position of the stack hydrogen inlet, the stack hydrogen outlet is used for discharging hydrogen, a second temperature detector, a second pressure detector and a second humidity detector are arranged at the position of the stack hydrogen outlet, the first proportional valve is arranged on the hydrogen main flow channel, the first proportional valve is used for simulating the gas flow resistance of a fuel cell stack by controlling the opening, the humidifying system comprises a humidifier, the output end of the humidifier is communicated with a humidity adjusting cavity, the humidity adjusting cavity is arranged on the hydrogen main flow channel, the heat exchange system comprises a plate heat exchanger, the plate heat exchanger is used for heating hydrogen flowing through the plate heat exchanger in the hydrogen main flow channel, the hydrogen consumption simulation component comprises a gas branch flow channel, a second proportional valve and a gas flow meter, the gas branch flow channel is communicated to the first proportional valve and the hydrogen flow channel between the first proportional valve and the system, and the humidifying system, and the gas flow meter are arranged on the hydrogen main flow channel.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the humidifying system further comprises a first water tank, a first water pump and a first liquid mass flowmeter, wherein the first water tank is connected with the first water pump, the first water pump is connected with the humidifier, and the first liquid mass flowmeter is arranged on a fluid pipeline between the first water pump and the humidifier.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the humidifier is a centrifugal humidifier or an ultrasonic humidifier.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
a humidifying temperature sensor is also arranged on the fluid pipeline between the first water pump and the humidifier.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the heat exchange system further comprises an electric heater, a second water pump and a radiator, wherein the plate heat exchanger is arranged on the hydrogen main flow channel and is connected with the electric heater, a heat exchange temperature sensor is arranged on a fluid pipeline between the plate heat exchanger and the electric heater, the second water pump is connected with the radiator, and a radiator fan is arranged on one side of the radiator.
On the other hand, the application also discloses a simulation method based on the fuel cell stack anode simulation device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, powering up an analog device;
s2, the pile simulator controller receives the requirement of the upper computer for simulating the working point of the fuel cell pile, judges whether the power of the working point is greater than 0, executes the step S3 if the power of the working point is greater than 0, and executes the step S10 if the power of the working point is not greater than 0;
s3, the pile simulator controller looks up a pile manual from a pre-stored database to obtain pile anode side flow resistance of the current working condition point;
s4, the electric pile simulator controller adjusts the opening of a first proportional valve on the hydrogen main runner to simulate the flow resistance of the anode side of the electric pile;
s5, the pile simulator controller looks up a pile manual from a pre-stored database to obtain the water yield of the pile anode side at the current working condition point;
s6, calculating the heat generation amount of the current working point by the pile simulator controller;
s7, controlling the temperature rise of the plate heat exchanger by the electric pile simulator controller according to the heat generation amount, and simulating the outlet temperature of the electric pile;
s8, the electric pile simulator controller calculates the consumption of hydrogen at the current working point of the electric pile, and the hydrogen consumption of the electric pile is simulated by controlling the opening of the second proportional valve and using the gas mass flowmeter as a feedback link for combined control;
s9, repeating the steps S2-S8 on the basis of adjusting the opening of the second proportional valve according to the hydrogen consumption of the operating point on the electric pile;
s10, stopping the operation of the simulation device.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. according to the application, the opening degree of the first proportional valve can be controlled by the electric pile simulator controller to simulate the flow resistance condition of the fuel cell electric pile under different powers, the electric pile simulator controller controls the humidifier to humidify hydrogen, the water producing condition of the anode side or the water permeating condition of the cathode side of the electric pile under different operating powers is simulated, and the temperature of the plate heat exchanger is controlled by the electric pile simulator controller to achieve the simulated outlet temperature of the fuel cell electric pile. The simulation device is also provided with a hydrogen consumption simulation component, and on the basis that the first proportional valve simulates the gas flow resistance of the fuel cell stack, part of the introduced hydrogen can be discharged from the gas branch flow channel by controlling the opening of the second proportional valve in the hydrogen consumption simulation component, so that the consumption of the hydrogen of the fuel cell stack at different power points is simulated, and meanwhile, the hydrogen discharge amount is monitored through the gas mass flowmeter, so that the stack simulator controller can utilize the gas mass flowmeter to perform closed-loop PID control, and the consumption value of the hydrogen simulated by the second proportional valve is more accurate. The simulation device independently simulates the reaction process of the anode side of the fuel cell stack, can be used for testing and off-line calibration of components of the hydrogen subsystem of the fuel cell, and does not need to calibrate after the fuel cell system is assembled.
2. In the application, the temperature, pressure and humidity of the electric pile inlet and the temperature, pressure and humidity of the outlet are collected and compared with the temperature, pressure and humidity of hydrogen at the electric pile hydrogen inlet and the temperature, pressure and humidity of hydrogen at the electric pile hydrogen outlet in a simulator, and whether deviation exists between the temperature, pressure and humidity of the hydrogen at the electric pile hydrogen inlet and the temperature, pressure and humidity of the hydrogen at the electric pile hydrogen outlet and the actual deviation exists or not is verified by a controller of the electric pile simulator for controlling the anode of the fuel cell electric pile simulated by the simulator. If the deviation exists, the pile simulator controller can perform real-time closed-loop control, so that the pile simulator can simulate a real reaction process. Therefore, after the fuel cell anode side pile simulator is used and the original hydrogen subsystem components of the fuel cell are added, the hydrogen subsystem components can be tested and calibrated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack anode simulator.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a fuel cell stack anode simulation method.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system for testing and calibrating key components of a hydrogen subsystem of a fuel cell constructed based on a fuel cell stack anode simulator of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a test calibration bench for key components of a hydrogen subsystem of a fuel cell constructed based on an anode simulator of a fuel cell stack according to the application.
FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of a calibration bench for testing key components of a hydrogen subsystem of a fuel cell constructed based on a fuel cell stack anode simulator of the present application.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the calibration of the testing of key components of the hydrogen subsystem of the fuel cell based on the construction of the anode simulator of the fuel cell stack of the present application.
Legend description:
1. a hydrogen main flow passage; 2. a first proportional valve; 3. a humidification system; 31. a first water tank; 32. a first water pump; 33. a first liquid mass flow meter; 34. a humidifier; 4. a heat exchange system; 41. a plate heat exchanger; 42. an electric heater; 421. a heat exchange temperature sensor; 43. a second water pump; 44. a heat sink; 441. a heat radiation fan; 5. a hydrogen consumption simulation component; 51. a gas branch flow passage; 52. a second proportional valve; 53. a gas mass flow meter;
1A, a water tank for calibration; 3A, a water pump for calibration; 4A, a water storage barrel for calibration; 8A, a hydrogen inlet flowmeter for calibration; 7A, a first switch valve for calibration; 9A, a proportional valve for calibration; 10A, an ejector for calibration; 11A, a second switch valve for calibration; 12A, a third switch valve for calibration; 6A, a fourth switch valve for calibration; 13A, a hydrogen circulating pump for calibration; 14A, a fifth switch valve for calibration; 15A, a hydrogen discharge valve for calibration; 16A, a water vapor separator for calibration; 17A, a drainage valve for calibration; 18A, a flowmeter for measuring circulating hydrogen for calibration; 19A, a pressure sensor for calibration; 20A, a hydrogen consumption flowmeter for calibration; 21A, a calibration humidifier; 22A, calibrating a water flowmeter.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present application provides a technical solution: in one aspect, the application discloses a fuel cell stack anode simulation device, comprising: the hydrogen flow control device comprises a hydrogen main flow channel 1, a first proportional valve 2, a humidifying system 3, a heat exchange system 4, a hydrogen consumption simulation assembly 5 and a stack simulator controller, wherein one end of the hydrogen main flow channel 1 is provided with a stack hydrogen inlet, the opposite other end is provided with a stack hydrogen outlet, the stack hydrogen inlet is used for introducing hydrogen, a first temperature detector, a first pressure detector and a first humidity detector are arranged at the stack hydrogen inlet, the temperature, the pressure and the humidity of the hydrogen at the stack hydrogen inlet are measured, the stack hydrogen outlet is used for discharging the hydrogen, a second temperature detector, a second pressure detector and a second humidity detector are arranged at the stack hydrogen outlet, the temperature, the pressure and the humidity of the hydrogen at the stack hydrogen outlet are measured, the first proportional valve 2 is arranged on the hydrogen main flow channel 1, the first proportional valve 2 is used for simulating the gas flow resistance of a fuel cell stack by controlling the opening, the humidifying system 3 comprises a humidifier 34, the output end of the humidifier 34 is communicated with a humidity adjusting cavity, the humidity adjusting cavity is arranged on the hydrogen main flow channel 1, the heat exchange system 4 comprises a plate heat exchanger 41, the plate heat exchanger 41 is used for heating the hydrogen main flow channel 1, the hydrogen is communicated with the first flow channel 5 and the second flow channel 51 through the first proportional valve 5 and the second proportional valve 53, and the first flow meter 51 is communicated with the second flow meter 52.
The electric pile simulator controller collects sensing line signals and controls the operation of each executing component, when the key components of the fuel cell are tested and calibrated, the instructions of the rack upper computer are received, according to the current required calibrated working condition point and the electric pile power generation power point, the flow resistance, the water yield, the heat production quantity and the hydrogen consumption of the electric pile are obtained through calculation and table lookup, and the control of the flow resistance/the water production/the heat production/the hydrogen consumption of the electric pile is realized through controlling each executing component.
The opening degree of the first proportional valve 2 is controlled by the electric pile simulator controller to simulate the flow resistance condition of the fuel cell electric pile under different powers, the electric pile simulator controller controls the humidifier 34 to humidify the hydrogen, the water producing condition of the anode side or the water permeating condition of the cathode side of the electric pile under different operation powers are simulated, and the electric pile simulator controller controls the temperature of the plate heat exchanger 41 to reach the outlet temperature of the simulated fuel cell electric pile. The simulation device is also provided with a hydrogen consumption simulation component 5, and on the basis that the first proportional valve 2 simulates the gas flow resistance of the fuel cell stack, part of the introduced hydrogen can be discharged from the gas branch flow passage 51 by controlling the opening degree of the second proportional valve 52 in the hydrogen consumption simulation component 5, so that the consumption of the hydrogen of the fuel cell stack at different power points is simulated, and meanwhile, the hydrogen discharge amount is monitored through the gas mass flowmeter 53, so that the stack simulator controller can utilize the gas mass flowmeter 53 to perform closed-loop PID control, and the consumption value of the hydrogen simulated by the second proportional valve 52 is more accurate. The simulation device independently simulates the reaction process of the anode side of the fuel cell stack, can be used for testing and off-line calibration of components of the hydrogen subsystem of the fuel cell, and does not need to calibrate after the fuel cell system is assembled.
And the temperature, pressure and humidity of the hydrogen at the hydrogen inlet of the electric pile and the temperature, pressure and humidity of the hydrogen at the hydrogen outlet of the electric pile are acquired and compared with the temperature, pressure and humidity of the hydrogen at the hydrogen inlet of the electric pile in the simulation device, and whether deviation exists between the fuel cell electric pile anode simulated by the simulation device and the actual fuel cell electric pile anode is verified. If the deviation exists, the pile simulator controller can perform real-time closed-loop control, so that the pile simulator can simulate a real reaction process. Therefore, after the fuel cell anode side pile simulator is used and the original hydrogen subsystem components of the fuel cell are added, the hydrogen subsystem components can be tested and calibrated.
The humidification system 3 further includes a first water tank 31, a first water pump 32, and a first liquid mass flowmeter 33, the first water tank 31 is connected to the first water pump 32, the first water pump 32 is connected to the humidifier 34, and the first liquid mass flowmeter 33 is disposed on a fluid pipeline between the first water pump 32 and the humidifier 34.
The electric pile simulator controller controls the first water pump 32 to pump water from the first water tank 31 to the humidifier 34, and the humidifier 34 controls the humidity in the humidity adjustment cavity, so that the humidity of the hydrogen introduced into the humidity adjustment cavity is changed, the humidification of the hydrogen is realized, and the water generation condition of the anode side or the water permeation condition of the cathode side of the electric pile under different operation powers are simulated. The adjustment of the hydrogen humidity is realized by adjusting the water pumping quantity of the first water pump 32 and changing the humidifying effect of the humidifier 34, the water pumping quantity is controlled by the water flow fed back by the first liquid mass flowmeter 33,
humidifier 34 is a centrifugal humidifier or an ultrasonic humidifier. When the air is humidified, cold small water drops are generated, the influence on the air temperature when the air humidity is adjusted is avoided, the control of the air temperature and the air humidity is independent when the electric pile simulator controller controls the air temperature and the air humidity, the control is not interfered with each other, and the control accuracy is improved.
A humidification temperature sensor is also provided on the fluid conduit between the first water pump 32 and the humidifier 34. The humidification temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the water supplied from the first water pump 32 to the humidifier 34 and feed it back to the stack simulator controller. When the temperature of the plate heat exchanger 41 is adjusted due to a deviation in the simulation of the stack simulator controller (that is, a deviation in the gas temperature), the temperature of the water supplied from the first water pump 32 to the humidifier 34 is detected, and the heating temperature of the plate heat exchanger 41 is adjusted based on a change in the temperature of the water supplied during humidification. That is, when the temperature of the plate heat exchanger 41 is adjusted by the stack simulator controller, the temperature change of the water supplied during humidification is compensated, and the disturbance of the humidification system 3 to the adjustment of the gas temperature is eliminated.
The heat exchange system 4 further comprises an electric heater 42, a second water pump 43 and a radiator 44, wherein the plate heat exchanger 41 is arranged on the hydrogen main flow channel 1, the plate heat exchanger 41 is connected with the electric heater 42, a heat exchange temperature sensor 421 is arranged on a fluid pipeline between the plate heat exchanger 41 and the electric heater 42, the second water pump 43 is connected with the radiator 44, and a cooling fan 441 is arranged on one side of the radiator 44. The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange system 4 circulates among the plate heat exchanger 41, the electric heater 42, the second water pump 43 and the radiator 44, and the second water pump 43 is used for guaranteeing the flow of the heat exchange medium. The hydrogen flowing through the plate heat exchanger 41 is heated, and the stack simulator controller controls the temperature of the plate heat exchanger 41 to simulate the outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack by controlling the rotation speed of the second water pump 43, the heating power of the electric heater 42, and the rotation speed of the heat radiation fan 441, thereby simulating the temperature rise of the hydrogen in the fuel cell stack. The heat exchange temperature sensor 421 feeds back temperature data to the stack simulator controller so that the stack simulator controller adjusts the heating power of the electric heater 42.
On the other hand, the application also discloses a simulation method based on the fuel cell stack anode simulation device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, powering up an analog device;
s2, the pile simulator controller receives the requirement of the upper computer for simulating the working point of the fuel cell pile, judges whether the power of the working point is greater than 0, executes the step S3 if the power of the working point is greater than 0, and executes the step S10 if the power of the working point is not greater than 0;
s3, the pile simulator controller looks up a pile manual from a pre-stored database to obtain pile anode side flow resistance of the current working condition point;
s4, the pile simulator controller adjusts the opening of the first proportional valve 2 on the hydrogen main runner 1 to simulate the flow resistance of the pile anode side;
s5, the pile simulator controller looks up a pile manual from a pre-stored database to obtain the water yield of the pile anode side at the current working condition point;
s6, the pile simulator controller calculates the heat generation amount of the current working point, specifically, the heat generation amount is calculated according to a preset heat generation amount calculation formula through the data of the water generation amount, and the heat generation amount calculation formula is summarized and generalized through the corresponding relation between the water generation amount and the heat generation amount data which are actually measured in the past;
s7, controlling the temperature rise of the plate heat exchanger 41 by the electric pile simulator controller according to the heat generation amount, and simulating the outlet temperature of the electric pile;
s8, the electric pile simulator controller calculates the consumption of hydrogen at the current working point of the electric pile, and the hydrogen consumption of the electric pile is simulated by controlling the opening of the second proportional valve 52 and performing combined control by using the gas mass flowmeter 53 as a feedback link;
s9, repeating the steps S2-S8 on the basis of adjusting the opening of the second proportional valve 52 according to the hydrogen consumption of the operating point on the electric pile;
s10, stopping the operation of the simulation device.
Example 2
The fuel cell anode side stack simulator is a fuel cell stack individual anode side simulator that can simulate the actual anode side reaction process of the fuel cell stack and can utilize the simulated fuel cell operating environment to test fuel cell hydrogen subsystem components. The fuel cell anode side pile simulator is utilized, and after the original hydrogen subsystem components of the fuel cell are added, the hydrogen subsystem components can be tested and calibrated. In particular, the control strategy test and data calibration of the parts of the hydrogen subsystem including the proportional valve, the hydrogen circulating pump or the ejector, or the serial-parallel structure of the hydrogen circulating pump and the ejector, the hydrogen discharge valve and the drain valve are performed.
The fuel cell hydrogen subsystem test bench can be built by using the galvanic pile simulator, the test bench structure is shown in fig. 3, the test bench is assembled and integrated after component selection, and the three-dimensional model is shown in fig. 4-5. The flow of off-line calibration of key components in the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, such as the proportional valve and the hydrogen discharge valve, is shown in fig. 6.
Compared with the prior art, the electric pile simulator can be used for conveniently acquiring the proportional valve opening and circulating pump rotating speed calibration data meeting the requirements of the electric pile on the hydrogen pressure and flow, acquiring the proportional valve opening, the circulating pump rotating speed, the opening time and the opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve in advance, compensating the pressure loss caused by the opening of the hydrogen discharge valve by the proportional valve opening and other calibration quantities, and acquiring the series of calibration values under a real fuel cell system without acquiring the series of calibration values, wherein the calibration parameters acquired in advance are used as the control parameters of a fuel cell controller for controlling the real fuel cell system. The method for directly controlling the components of the hydrogen subsystem such as the proportional valve, the ejector, the circulating pump, the hydrogen discharge valve, the drain valve and the like is not proper, so that the damage of the fuel cell stack, such as the decay or the damage of the life of the fuel cell stack caused by the phenomena of overhigh pressure, overhigh flow, insufficient supply, hydrogen starvation, flooding, dehydration, overhigh temperature or overlow temperature and the like, can be avoided.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present application, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present application and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A fuel cell stack anode simulation apparatus, comprising: the hydrogen main flow channel (1), a first proportional valve (2), a humidifying system (3), a heat exchange system (4), a hydrogen consumption simulation component (5) and a galvanic pile simulator controller, wherein one end of the hydrogen main flow channel (1) is provided with a galvanic pile hydrogen inlet, the opposite other end of the hydrogen main flow channel is provided with a galvanic pile hydrogen outlet, the galvanic pile hydrogen inlet is used for introducing hydrogen, the galvanic pile hydrogen inlet is provided with a first temperature detector, a first pressure detector and a first humidity detector, the galvanic pile hydrogen outlet is used for discharging hydrogen, the galvanic pile hydrogen outlet is provided with a second temperature detector, a second pressure detector and a second humidity detector, the first proportional valve (2) is arranged on the hydrogen main flow channel (1), the first proportional valve (2) is used for simulating the gas flow resistance of the fuel cell galvanic pile by controlling the opening, the humidifying system (3) comprises a humidifier (34), the output end of the humidifier (34) is communicated with a humidity adjusting cavity, the humidity adjusting cavity is arranged on the hydrogen main flow channel (1), the heat exchange system (4) comprises a plate type heat exchanger (41) and a flow meter (41) is used for heating the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen through the hydrogen flow channel (41) and the hydrogen consumption simulation component (52), the gas branch flow passage (51) is communicated to the hydrogen main flow passage (1) between the first proportional valve (2) and the humidifying system (3), and the second proportional valve (52) and the gas mass flowmeter (53) are arranged on the gas branch flow passage (51).
2. A fuel cell stack anode simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the humidification system (3) further comprises a first water tank (31), a first water pump (32) and a first liquid mass flowmeter (33), the first water tank (31) is connected with the first water pump (32), the first water pump (32) is connected with the humidifier (34), and the first liquid mass flowmeter (33) is arranged on a fluid pipeline between the first water pump (32) and the humidifier (34).
3. A fuel cell stack anode simulation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the humidifier (34) is a centrifugal humidifier or an ultrasonic humidifier.
4. A fuel cell stack anode simulator according to claim 3, wherein a humidification temperature sensor is further provided in the fluid conduit between the first water pump (32) and the humidifier (34).
5. The fuel cell stack anode simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange system (4) further comprises an electric heater (42), a second water pump (43) and a radiator (44), the plate heat exchanger (41) is arranged on the hydrogen main flow channel (1), the plate heat exchanger (41) is connected with the electric heater (42), a heat exchange temperature sensor (421) is arranged on a fluid pipeline between the plate heat exchanger (41) and the electric heater (42), the second water pump (43) is connected with the radiator (44), and a radiator fan (441) is arranged on one side of the radiator (44).
6. A simulation method based on the fuel cell stack anode simulation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1, powering up an analog device;
s2, the pile simulator controller receives the requirement of the upper computer for simulating the working point of the fuel cell pile, judges whether the power of the working point is greater than 0, executes the step S3 if the power of the working point is greater than 0, and executes the step S10 if the power of the working point is not greater than 0;
s3, the pile simulator controller looks up a pile manual from a pre-stored database to obtain pile anode side flow resistance of the current working condition point;
s4, the pile simulator controller adjusts the opening of a first proportional valve (2) on the hydrogen main runner (1) to simulate the flow resistance of the anode side of the pile;
s5, the pile simulator controller looks up a pile manual from a pre-stored database to obtain the water yield of the pile anode side at the current working condition point;
s6, calculating the heat generation amount of the current working point by the pile simulator controller;
s7, controlling the temperature of the plate heat exchanger (41) to rise by the electric pile simulator controller according to the heat generation amount, and simulating the outlet temperature of the electric pile;
s8, the electric pile simulator controller calculates the hydrogen consumption of the current working point of the electric pile, and the hydrogen consumption of the electric pile is simulated by controlling the opening of a second proportional valve (52) and using a gas mass flowmeter (53) as a feedback link for combined control;
s9, repeating the steps S2-S8 on the basis of adjusting the opening of the second proportional valve (52) according to the hydrogen consumption of a working point on the electric pile;
s10, stopping the operation of the simulation device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311000259.1A CN116979096A (en) | 2023-08-09 | 2023-08-09 | Fuel cell stack anode simulation device and simulation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311000259.1A CN116979096A (en) | 2023-08-09 | 2023-08-09 | Fuel cell stack anode simulation device and simulation method |
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| CN202311000259.1A Pending CN116979096A (en) | 2023-08-09 | 2023-08-09 | Fuel cell stack anode simulation device and simulation method |
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| Country | Link |
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