CN116970179A - 具有光催化α-氨基C-H官能化性能的杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架的制备及应用 - Google Patents

具有光催化α-氨基C-H官能化性能的杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架的制备及应用 Download PDF

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CN116970179A
CN116970179A CN202310710427.XA CN202310710427A CN116970179A CN 116970179 A CN116970179 A CN 116970179A CN 202310710427 A CN202310710427 A CN 202310710427A CN 116970179 A CN116970179 A CN 116970179A
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张铁欣
刘壬海
明政
段春迎
李嘉宁
刘振辉
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Abstract

本发明属于光催化材料技术领域一种具有光催化α‑氨基C‑H官能化性能的杂多酸‑三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架的制备及应用,制备方法:是以三芳胺类配体TPPA、无机KegginPOM和醋酸镉,通过溶剂热法制得金属有机框架,其合成路线如下:TPPA+SiW10V2+Cd2+→TPPA‑Cd‑SiW10V2,本发明所得金属有机框架实现了对光活性物种TPPA与电子中继物种POM的固定与近距离隔离,使其表现出类似于二极管的单向电子传输能力,同时维持长寿命电荷分离状态。TPPA与POM两活性位点协同催化,分别对胺类底物的氧化和芳基腈类底物的还原,高效地实现了光催化自由基偶联,获得高附加值的α‑氨基C‑H芳基化产物。

Description

具有光催化α-氨基C-H官能化性能的杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中 心金属有机框架的制备及应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有光催化α-氨基C-H官能化性能的杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架的制备及应用,属于光催化材料技术领域。
背景技术
功能化的含氮杂环在生物活性化合物中具有广泛的结构基序,也是不对称合成中手性助剂的宝贵模板。因此杂环中邻近氮的sp3 C-H键的活化受到了广泛关注,正在成为有机合成中的一种实用方法。目前可以合成与氮相邻的具有功能化作用的杂环可总结为以下几种方法:与烷基锂/二胺复合物之间的锂化反应,α-氨基自由基的形成,金属催化的C-H键直接活化,C-H氧化和氧化偶联,以及金属催化的卡宾插入。虽然这在理论上代表了获取特定α-氨基C-H官能化产物的可行性,但大量方法需要反应底物引入特定的稳定基团、需要高温反应条件以及当量的反应试剂,这些特征阻碍了目标产物在温和条件下的高效高选择性制备。与氮相邻的sp3 C-H键的直接功能化仍然是一个具有巨大应用潜力又亟需解决的领域。
由于反应底物无需预功能化、步骤简单、催化剂成本低,将含氮杂环氧化为α-氨基阳离子并进行后续反应,是一种行之有效的合成方案。传统方法是通过光或电催化方式对胺类底物直接氧化,形成对应的阳离子,随后被亲核试剂进攻。亲核试剂的种类和亲核能力严重影响了反应的适用性,通常选择具有强亲核性的醇类、氰基等作为偶联试剂(CouplingPartner)。对于烯烃、炔烃、吲哚等弱亲核试剂来说,通常需要较高的温度才可能参与反应,这限制了高附加价值的C-C偶联的底物范围。解决此难题的一种思路是,将胺类底物单电子氧化的同时,对偶联试剂进行单电子还原,通过具有较强驱动力的自由基偶联来规避经典方法中亲核加成偶联所需的高能垒。
经典的Ru、Ir等贵金属配合物光敏剂有望通过利用绿色可持续的光催化实现以上自由基物种生成及偶联过程,然而,其实际应用技术的开发严重受限于贵金属高昂的成本和资源稀缺性。成本低廉、易于修饰的三芳胺类染料分子(TPPA)具有高度可逆单电子氧化还原性质,在光激发态下失电子形成自由基阳离子TPPA,具备优良的氧化应用潜力。使用TPPA物种氧化含氮杂环底物,可以生成相应的胺基自由基阳离子,进而被碱去质子化后原位生成α-胺自由基,实现氮原子邻近位点的sp3 C-H键的活化。然而,非贵金属染料TPPA的激发态寿命极短,且对有氧环境高度敏感;在溶液相中,激发态TPPA与底物分子之间的光致电子转移(PET)过程受扩散控制、效率低下。
含有多个过渡金属中心的杂多酸(POM)呈现与三芳胺染料分子TPPA尺寸类似的纳米簇形态,可在不改变结构的情况下进行可逆的多步电子授受,具备电子中继功能。将染料激发态电子转移到电子中继POM,以POM基态还原态的形式存储还原力,以稳定氧化态的自由基正离子TPPA存储氧化力;该思路有望缓解均相光催化过程常见的PET受限于扩散控制的问题。还原后的POM电子中继体在遇到底物之前具有足够的负电位和足够长的寿命,可以对反应底物进行还原,但均相体系中固有的自发热运动和碰撞,又为该过程增添了不可控电子回传的影响。因此,亟需跳出均相光催化的思维模式。
金属有机框架作为一种结构和组成均可以合理设计的非均相材料,其多孔的特性有利于反应物和催化中心接触。另外,通过合理选择有机/无机桥接配体和金属节点,金属有机框架为长距离、高密度的无贵金属染料和电子传递提供了一个多功能平台。在金属有机框架中,通过非变价Cd2+将染料母核TPPA与电子中继POM之间近距离隔离,有望开发出一种类似于光驱动电子泵特性的光催化剂,促进光致框架内电子从染料TPPA注入到POM片段,并抑制电子回传过程,维持电荷分离状态的长寿命和足够的氧化还原能力。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的不足,本发明目的是提供一种具有光催化α-氨基C-H官能化性能的杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架的制备及应用。采用这种制备方法得到的杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架内,具有高度可逆单电子氧化性质的三芳胺衍生物TPPA与具备电子中继功能的亲电子酸位点POM通过配位作用被非变价Cd2+空间分离,这使得光激发TPPA*可以将电子传输至POM,被还原的POM电子回传至TPPA则被抑制,形成类似于二极管的电子单向传输效果。该特征有效避免了均相催化剂中由于不同氧化还原性质的自由碰撞导致的光活性中间体猝灭,从而维持长寿命电荷分离状态。本发明将传统光催化中利用短寿命激发态参与的反应,转变为长寿命的基态的电荷分离态参与的反应,提升协同催化效率的同时也提供了光催化技术的新思路。
为了实现上述发明目的,解决已有技术中所存在的问题,本发明采取的技术方案是:一种具有光催化α-氨基C-H官能化性能的杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架的制备,是以三芳胺类配体TPPA、无机Keggin POM和醋酸镉,通过溶剂热法制得金属有机框架TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2,其合成路线如下:
TPPA+SiW10V2+Cd2+→TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2
所述配体TPPA,分子式为C33H24N4,具有如下(A)分子结构式:
所述杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2,具有如下(B)晶体结构,
所述TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将7~8mL液溴溶于15~30mL氯仿中,再缓慢将其加入到配制好的0~5℃由10~13g三苯胺,溶于70~80mL氯仿的三苯胺溶液中,将其在室温下搅拌10~60min后,将溶剂旋蒸除去,收集固体;将上述固体溶于5~10mL氯仿中,加入200~300mL的50~65℃乙醇中;将上述溶液置于冰浴中,待溶液冷却后析出无色针状固体,收集得到产物三(4-溴苯基)胺;
步骤2、将2.0~2.5g碳酸钾溶于体积比1:18~20的蒸馏水与1,4’-二氧六环的混合溶液中,并将步骤1制得的三(4-溴苯基)胺与4-吡啶硼酸、四(三苯基膦)钯按1:5~7:0.04~0.06的摩尔比加入上述溶液中,氮气气氛下保护,加热到85~95℃,时间控制在12~30h;将反应后的混合物通过旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂,得到黄色粉末;再加入20~40mL二氯甲烷溶解粉末,将有机层用蒸馏水洗涤2~3次;所得有机层加入100~400mg硫酸镁干燥,过滤收集滤液,将滤液旋蒸得到金黄色粗产物;使用柱层析分离提纯得到产物配体三(4-(吡啶-4-基)苯基)胺,简称为TPPA;
步骤3、将10~12g偏硅酸钠溶解到80~150mL去离子水中得到溶液A;取180~200g钨酸钠溶于200~500mL去离子水中,缓慢滴入160~180mL4M的盐酸水溶液,边加边剧烈搅拌;待沉淀完全溶解后,将溶液A加入此溶液中,加入4M盐酸水溶液使该溶液在pH为5~6下保持100~300min;然后加入80~100g固体氯化钾,搅拌,静置10~20min后抽滤得到白色沉淀;为了进一步纯化,将其溶解于800~900mL去离子水中,抽滤除去不溶杂质,收集滤液并加入80~90g氯化钾,得到白色沉淀,抽滤,用2M氯化钾溶液洗涤滤饼,收集得到产物K82-SiW11O39]·14H2O;
步骤4、将步骤3制得的K82-SiW11O39]·14H2O取15~20g溶解在100~300mL去离子水中,保持温度在25~40℃,抽滤除去不溶性杂质;向滤液中加入2M的碳酸钾水溶液,迅速的将其pH值调至8~10,继续加入10~50mL的2M碳酸钾水溶液,使其pH值保持15~25min,然后加入40~50g氯化钾,搅拌产生白色沉淀;抽滤,用1M氯化钾溶液洗涤,收集沉淀,室温下晾干,得到产物K8[γ-SiW10O36].12H2O;
步骤5、将步骤4制得的K8[γ-SiW10O36].12H2O取8~9g迅速溶解到25~30mL1M盐酸中,加入10~15mL 0.5M偏钒酸钠水溶液,将混合物缓慢搅拌5~15min;过滤除去不溶杂质,然后向滤液中加入8~9g正四丁基溴化铵,产生黄色沉淀,过滤;用200~500mL去离子水洗涤沉淀,纯化2~3次将粗产物溶解到50~80ml无水乙腈中,然后加入1000~1500mL去离子水,将产物沉淀出来,得到产物无机Keggin POM[(n-C4H9)4N]4[γ-H2SiV2W10O40]·H2O,简称为SiW10V2
步骤6、将步骤5制得的产物SiW10V2、步骤2制得的配体TPPA与醋酸镉按1:2~3:2~3的摩尔比加入到3~5mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,经过超声助溶后,密封入带有聚四氟内衬的水热反应釜中,并置于100~150℃的烘箱中反应24~100h,然后降至室温,用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺洗涤,过滤,真空干燥后得到目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2
所述方法制备的目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2在光催化杂环邻近氮的sp3 C-H键活化反应中的应用。
本发明的有益效果是:一种具有光催化α-氨基C-H官能化性能的杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架的制备及应用,其中制备方法,是以三芳胺类配体TPPA、无机KegginPOM和醋酸镉,通过溶剂热法制得金属有机框架TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2,其合成路线如下:TPPA+SiW10V2+Cd2+→TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2,利用本发明方法制备的金属有机框架TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2,其内部反应活性中心TPPA和POM部分被非变价Cd2+空间分离,促进了催化剂内电子从激发态TPPA*转移至POM并抑制电子回传,能够维持长寿命电荷分离状态。得益于受控的电子转移过程,催化剂内部可同时形成氧化性TPPA自由基阳离子以及被还原的POM,分别对胺类底物的氧化和芳基腈类底物的还原,高效地实现了光催化自由基偶联,获得高附加值的α-氨基C-H芳基化产物。
附图说明
图1是实施例1目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2的晶体结构示意图。
图2是实施例2目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2的循环伏安测试(CV)谱图。
图3是实施例2目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2的电化学阻抗(EIS)谱图。
图4是实施例3目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2的紫外-可见漫反射(UV-vis DRS)谱图与荧光发射谱图。
图5是实施例3目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2与配体TPPA的光致发光衰减曲线图。
图6是实施例4目标材料包合底物的晶体(1a@TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2)的红外光谱图。
图7是实施例4目标材料包合底物的晶体(1a@TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2)的核磁谱图。
图8是实施例5目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2与TPPA/SiW10V2混合物光催化连续半反应的颜色变化对照图。
图9是实施例5目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2光催化连续半反应的原位电子顺磁共振(EPR)谱图。
其中,图(a)为TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2加入N-苯基吡咯烷(1a)前后以及光照后(365nmLED)的电子顺磁共振谱图;图(b)为V4+模拟、实测Radiated1a@TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2以及注入1,4-二氰基苯(1,4-DCB)后的电子顺磁共振谱图。
图10是实施例6目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2催化反应前后的X射线衍射(XRD)谱图。
图11是实施例6目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2的催化循环产率示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
步骤1、将7.5mL液溴溶于20mL氯仿中,再缓慢将其加入到配制好的0℃由三苯胺(12.3g、50mmol)、溶于75mL氯仿的三苯胺溶液中,将其在室温下搅拌30min后,将溶剂旋蒸除去,收集固体;将上述固体溶于8mL氯仿中,加入200mL的60℃乙醇中;将上述溶液置于冰浴中,待溶液冷却后析出无色针状固体,收集得到产物三(4-溴苯基)胺(21.7g、产率93%);1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):7.36-7.33(m,6H),6.92-6.90(m,6H)
步骤2、将2.29g碳酸钾溶于2.5mL蒸馏水与47.5mL 1,4’-二氧六环的混合溶液中,并将步骤1制得的三(4-溴苯基)胺(1.00g、2.00mmol)与4-吡啶硼酸(1.60g、13.00mmol)及四(三苯基膦)钯(0.12g、0.10mmol)加入到上述溶液中,氮气气氛下保护,加热到90℃,时间控制在26h;将反应后的混合物通过旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂,得到黄色粉末;再加入30mL二氯甲烷溶解粉末,将有机层用蒸馏水洗涤3次;所得有机层加入100mg硫酸镁干燥,过滤收集滤液,将滤液旋蒸得到金黄色粗产物,使用柱层析分离提纯得到产物配体三(4-(吡啶-4-基)苯基)胺,简称为TPPA(0.71g、产率72%);1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):7.23(d,J=3.5Hz,4H),7.70(d,J=6.0Hz,4H),7.83(d,J=3.5Hz,4H),7.61(d,J=6.0Hz,4H);13CNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):121.1,124.7,128.1,132.8,147.5,147.9,150.1
步骤3、将偏硅酸钠(11g、50mmol)溶解到100mL去离子水中得到溶液A;取钨酸钠(182g、55mmol))溶于300mL去离子水中,缓慢滴入165mL 4M的盐酸水溶液,边加边剧烈搅拌;待沉淀完全溶解后,将溶液A加入此溶液中,加入4M盐酸水溶液使该溶液在pH值为6下保持100min;然后加入90g固体氯化钾,搅拌,静置15min后抽滤得到白色沉淀;为了进一步纯化,将其溶解于850mL去离子水中,抽滤除去不溶杂质,收集滤液并加入80g氯化钾,得到白色沉淀,抽滤,用2M氯化钾溶液洗涤滤饼,收集得到产物K82-SiW11O39]·14H2O(80g、产率50%),红外光谱(KBr,cm-1):989(m),943(s),874(vs),856(vs),805(vs),730(s),610(m)。
步骤4、将步骤3制得的K82-SiW11O39]·14H2O取15g溶解在150mL去离子水中,保持温度在25℃,抽滤除去不溶性杂质;向滤液中加入2M的碳酸钾水溶液,迅速的将其pH值调至9,继续加入30mL的2M碳酸钾水溶液,使其pH值保持16min,然后加入40g氯化钾,搅拌产生白色沉淀;抽滤,用1M氯化钾溶液洗涤,收集沉淀,室温下晾干,得到产物K8[γ-SiW10O36].12H2O(10g、产率70%),红外光谱(KBr,cm-1):990(m),940(s),904(s),866(vs),819(vs),740(vs),556(w),530(m)。
步骤5、将步骤4制得的K8[γ-SiW10O36].12H2O取8g迅速溶解到28mL 1M盐酸中,加入11mL、5.5mmol、0.5M偏钒酸钠水溶液,将混合物缓慢搅拌5min;过滤除去不溶杂质,然后向滤液中加入正四丁基溴化铵(8g、25mmol),产生黄色沉淀,过滤;用300mL去离子水洗涤沉淀,纯化2次将粗产物溶解到50ml无水乙腈中,然后加入1000mL去离子水,将产物沉淀出来,得到产物无机Keggin POM[(n-C4H9)4N]4[γ-H2SiV2W10O40]·H2O,简称为SiW10V2(7.43g、产率76%);红外光谱(KBr,cm-1):1152(w),1105(m),1057(m),1003(m),966(s),915(vs),904(vs),874(vs),840(vs),789(vs),691(m),550(m)。
步骤6、将步骤5制得的产物SiW10V2取(72mg、0.02mmol)、步骤2制得的配体TPPA取(20mg、0.04mmol)与醋酸镉(10mg、0.04mmol)加入到3mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,按此方案重复10组;将溶液封装于聚四氟乙烯内衬中,装釜10个,置于110℃烘箱中溶剂热反应3天;当釜降至室温后在玻璃瓶中生成黄色块状晶体,过滤,用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺洗涤,过滤,真空干燥后得到目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2(500mg、产率50%)。晶体在布鲁克公司的SMARTAPEX CCD衍射仪上进行测试,单晶结构分析表明配合物TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2晶体属于立方晶系,Im-3m空间群,a=b=c=29.8105,α=β=γ=90;TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2的晶体结构示意图,如图1所示;Cd2+具有六配位八面体几何结构,与4个TPPA的末端吡啶4个氮原子、2个SiW10V2部分的末端氧原子配位;相邻的TPPA和POM部分被Cd2+分离,TPPA的末端吡啶C1原子与POM的表面O1原子的距离约为这可能促进了电子从从激发态TPPA*到SiW10V2的跨空间光致电子转移,并同时阻碍了跨键的电子回传,由此提供类似二极管的单向电荷转移途径。
实施例2
称取2mg(1.5×10-4mmol)的TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2加入到0.5mL的乙醇中制成悬浮液,然后加入0.06mL的Nafion并通过超声分散,取0.2mL悬浮液涂敷于ITO导电玻璃表面,涂敷面积为1cm2,烘干,然后将ITO玻璃夹在电极夹上,作为工作电极;电化学测试在CHI 660E电化学工作站进行,采用三电极体系,Ag/AgCl电极作为参比电极,铂片电作为对电极,0.1M的四丁基六氟磷酸铵的乙腈溶液作为电解液,电化学测试条件为1atm的氮气氛围,室温;循环伏安测试(CV)谱图,如图2所示,电化学阻抗(EIS)谱图,如图3所示。
实施例3
将干燥的TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2粉末称取2mg(1.5×10-4mmol),加入100mg BaSO4稀释并压片,使用Lambda 1050+UV-vis-NIR分光光度计测定紫外-可见漫反射(UV-vis DRS)谱图,如图4所示。称取干燥的TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2粉末10mg(7.5×10-4mmol),通过固体样品石英比色皿固定,使用FLS 1000稳态/瞬态荧光光谱仪测定其在380nm激发下荧光发射光谱图,如图4所示;通过时间相关单光子计数法(TCSPC)测试配体TPPA与TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2的光致发光衰减曲线图,如图5所示。
实施例4
将TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2(20mg,1.5×10-3mmol)浸泡在反应底物N-苯基吡咯烷(1a,1.0M,1mL)的N,N-二甲基乙酰胺溶液中过夜;得到包合底物的晶体(1a@TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2),用N,N-二甲基乙酰胺在滤纸上冲洗多次,去除晶体表面的残留底物,在N2气氛中干燥;取1mg样品与100mg溴化钾粉末放入研钵研磨,充分研细混合均匀,压成透明圆片,使用Nicolet iS50收集红外光谱,如图6所示;进一步地,用一滴DCl消解样品后溶解在DMSO-d6中,然后使用Varian INOVA-400MHz核磁仪表征核磁共振氢谱,包合底物的晶体(1a@TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2)的核磁谱图,如图7所示。
实施例5
向干燥的光反应管A中加入金属有机框架TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2(4mg,3.0×10-4mmol),光反应管B中加入TPPA配体与SiW10V2簇混合物(3.7mg,3.0×10-4mmol),两反应管均加入N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(2mL),用翻口塞密封;反应体系N2鼓泡20min以除去氧气,将反应管通上冷凝水,搅拌,并在500W氙灯下照射10min;随后分别向两反应体系注射0.1mL无色的N-苯基吡咯烷的DMA溶液(5mmol/mL),反应1h并记录体系颜色变化;随后分别向两反应体系注射0.2mL无色的1,4-二氰基苯的DMA溶液(5mmol/mL),反应30min并记录体系颜色变化;TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2金属有机框架体系(反应管A)与TPPA和SiW10V2混合体系(反应管B)光催化连续半反应的颜色变化对照图,如图8所示;
氮气氛围下,向EPR石英管中加入5mg(3.75×10-4mmol)金属有机框架TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2和0.1mL正己烷,密封反应管;使用Bruker E500原位测试光催化连续半反应的电子顺磁共振(EPR)谱,常温测试,扫描频率9.2456GHz;EPR石英管体系内随后加入0.05mL N-苯基吡咯烷的正己烷溶液(0.1mmol/mL),500W氙灯原位光照;加入0.05mL 1,4-二氰基苯的正己烷溶液(0.1mmol/mL),500W氙灯原位光照;每一步操作均采集EPR谱图,如图9所示。图9是实施例5材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2光催化连续半反应的原位电子顺磁共振(EPR)谱图;
实施例6
向干燥的光反应管中加入金属有机框架TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2(4mg,3.0×10-4mmol,6.0×10-4equiv.),1,4-二氰基苯(64mg,0.5mmol,1.0equiv.),N-苯基吡咯烷(221mg,1.5mmol,3.0equiv.),乙醇钠(68mg,1.0mmol,2.0equiv.),N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(2mL),用翻口塞密封;反应体系N2鼓泡20min以除去氧气,将反应管通上冷凝水,搅拌,并在500W氙灯下照射24h;反应结束后,通过离心分离催化剂,所得催化剂干燥后通过布鲁克X射线衍射仪D8 ADVANCE测试得到其粉末XRD谱图,并与反应前催化剂谱图对照,如图10所示;收集催化剂并重新投入下一次催化循环,循环三次,催化循环产率示意图,如图11所示。
实施例7
向干燥的光反应管中加入金属有机框架TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2(4mg,3.0×10-4mmol,6.0×10-4equiv.),电子受体芳基腈类底物2(1,4-二氰基苯,64mg,0.5mmol,1.0equiv.),给电子胺类底物1(N-苯基吡咯烷,221mg,1.5mmol,3.0equiv.),乙醇钠(68mg,1.0mmol,2.0equiv.),N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(2mL),用翻口塞密封;反应体系N2鼓泡20min以除去氧气,将反应管通上冷凝水,搅拌,并在500W氙灯下照射24h;反应结束后,离心分离催化剂,柱色谱分离产物,芳基腈与胺的底物拓展,如表1所示。
金属有机框架TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2对于多种芳基腈底物与胺类底物均适用,在温和的反应条件下催化反应物自由基偶联,高产率地得到α-氨基C-H芳基化产物,该非均相催化剂在精细化工制药领域具有良好的应用潜质。
表1

Claims (2)

1.一种具有光催化α-氨基C-H官能化性能的杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架的制备,其特征在于:是以三芳胺类配体TPPA、无机KegginPOM和醋酸镉,通过溶剂热法制得金属有机框架TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2,其合成路线如下:
TPPA+SiW10V2+Cd2+→TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2
所述配体TPPA,分子式为C33H24N4,具有如下(A)分子结构式:
所述杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2,具有如下(B)晶体结构,
所述TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将7~8mL液溴溶于15~30mL氯仿中,再缓慢将其加入到配制好的0~5℃由10~13g三苯胺,溶于70~80mL氯仿的三苯胺溶液中,将其在室温下搅拌10~60min后,将溶剂旋蒸除去,收集固体;将上述固体溶于5~10mL氯仿中,加入200~300mL的50~65℃乙醇中;将上述溶液置于冰浴中,待溶液冷却后析出无色针状固体,收集得到产物三(4-溴苯基)胺;
步骤2、将2.0~2.5g碳酸钾溶于体积比1:18~20的蒸馏水与1,4’-二氧六环的混合溶液中,并将步骤1制得的三(4-溴苯基)胺与4-吡啶硼酸、四(三苯基膦)钯按1:5~7:0.04~0.06的摩尔比加入上述溶液中,氮气气氛下保护,加热到85~95℃,时间控制在12~30h;将反应后的混合物通过旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂,得到黄色粉末;再加入20~40mL二氯甲烷溶解粉末,将有机层用蒸馏水洗涤2~3次;所得有机层加入100~400mg硫酸镁干燥,过滤收集滤液,将滤液旋蒸得到金黄色粗产物;使用柱层析分离提纯得到产物配体三(4-(吡啶-4-基)苯基)胺,简称为TPPA;
步骤3、将10~12g偏硅酸钠溶解到80~150mL去离子水中得到溶液A;取180~200g钨酸钠溶于200~500mL去离子水中,缓慢滴入160~180mL4M的盐酸水溶液,边加边剧烈搅拌;待沉淀完全溶解后,将溶液A加入此溶液中,加入4M盐酸水溶液使该溶液在pH为5~6下保持100~300min;然后加入80~100g固体氯化钾,搅拌,静置10~20min后抽滤得到白色沉淀;为了进一步纯化,将其溶解于800~900mL去离子水中,抽滤除去不溶杂质,收集滤液并加入80~90g氯化钾,得到白色沉淀,抽滤,用2M氯化钾溶液洗涤滤饼,收集得到产物K82-SiW11O39]·14H2O;
步骤4、将步骤3制得的K82-SiW11O39]·14H2O取15~20g溶解在100~300mL去离子水中,保持温度在25~40℃,抽滤除去不溶性杂质;向滤液中加入2M的碳酸钾水溶液,迅速的将其pH值调至8~10,继续加入10~50mL的2M碳酸钾水溶液,使其pH值保持15~25min,然后加入40~50g氯化钾,搅拌产生白色沉淀;抽滤,用1M氯化钾溶液洗涤,收集沉淀,室温下晾干,得到产物K8[γ-SiW10O36].12H2O;
步骤5、将步骤4制得的K8[γ-SiW10O36].12H2O取8~9g迅速溶解到25~30mL 1M盐酸中,加入10~15mL 0.5M偏钒酸钠水溶液,将混合物缓慢搅拌5~15min;过滤除去不溶杂质,然后向滤液中加入8~9g正四丁基溴化铵,产生黄色沉淀,过滤;用200~500mL去离子水洗涤沉淀,纯化2~3次将粗产物溶解到50~80ml无水乙腈中,然后加入1000~1500mL去离子水,将产物沉淀出来,得到产物无机Keggin POM[(n-C4H9)4N]4[γ-H2SiV2W10O40]·H2O,简称为SiW10V2
步骤6、将步骤5制得的产物SiW10V2、步骤2制得的配体TPPA与醋酸镉按1:2~3:2~3的摩尔比加入到3~5mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,经过超声助溶后,密封入带有聚四氟内衬的水热反应釜中,并置于100~150℃的烘箱中反应24~100h,然后降至室温,用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺洗涤,过滤,真空干燥后得到目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2
2.根据权利要求1所述方法制备的目标材料TPPA-Cd-SiW10V2在光催化杂环邻近氮的sp3C-H键活化反应中的应用。
CN202310710427.XA 2023-06-15 2023-06-15 具有光催化α-氨基C-H官能化性能的杂多酸-三芳胺双活性中心金属有机框架的制备及应用 Pending CN116970179A (zh)

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