CN116969663A - Amorphous block foam glass and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Amorphous block foam glass and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116969663A CN116969663A CN202210520961.XA CN202210520961A CN116969663A CN 116969663 A CN116969663 A CN 116969663A CN 202210520961 A CN202210520961 A CN 202210520961A CN 116969663 A CN116969663 A CN 116969663A
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- powder
- glass
- foam glass
- carbonate
- amorphous block
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- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical group O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical group O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010455 vermiculite Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- STNGULMWFPMOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4-butyl-3,5-dimethyl-1h-pyrrole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCC1=C(C)NC(C(=O)OCC)=C1C STNGULMWFPMOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001649 dickite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CDMADVZSLOHIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane;decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 CDMADVZSLOHIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010446 mirabilite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 42
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 235000019580 granularity Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/08—Other methods of shaping glass by foaming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B3/00—Charging the melting furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
- C03B33/09—Severing cooled glass by thermal shock
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/002—Use of waste materials, e.g. slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C11/00—Multi-cellular glass ; Porous or hollow glass or glass particles
- C03C11/007—Foam glass, e.g. obtained by incorporating a blowing agent and heating
Abstract
The invention discloses an amorphous block foam glass and a preparation method and application thereof, and is characterized in that: the sintering temperature and sintering time are greatly reduced by adding anhydrous fluxing agent borax into raw materials mainly comprising variegated waste glass bottle powder. The amorphous block foam glass prepared by the invention is a stone porous light material, and has the advantages of water retention, drainage, air permeability, flame retardance, corrosion resistance, heat insulation, sound insulation and easy construction. The method takes the waste glass bottle with large quantity and low price as the main raw material, and has low manufacturing cost and simple process. The amorphous block-shaped foaming glass with different volume densities, water absorption and different air hole structures can be prepared according to purposes, can be widely applied to the fields of cultivation, food processing, soil improvement, agricultural planting, soilless culture, greening, gardening, water quality purification, sponge city, civil engineering, construction and the like, and can solve the problem of difficult recycling of variegated waste glass bottles at low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to amorphous block foam glass and a preparation method and application thereof, belongs to the technical field of waste glass recycling, and particularly belongs to the technical field of waste glass bottle recycling.
Background
The foamed glass pumice stone manufactured by utilizing waste glass is widely applied to landscaping, water quality treatment, soil improvement, constructional engineering and the like in the market. However, the foaming sintering temperature of the foaming glass pumice is high, the foaming sintering time is long and the foaming sintering time is 57-105 minutes, and the foaming glass pumice is a waste glass regeneration method with high energy consumption and high manufacturing cost (see patent reference 1: CN103073184B, which is a microporous foaming glass pumice and a preparation method thereof).
At present, due to the complicated treatment process, a large number of household scrap glass bottles are not fully recycled due to sorting, cleaning, drying, crushing, grinding and the like, the regeneration cost of the scrap glass bottles is high, and the scrap glass bottles cannot be regenerated at low cost.
On the other hand, the country is greatly pushing garbage classification and recycling, a technology for recycling a large amount of waste glass bottles with variegated colors at low cost is needed, and the recycled products can be widely applied in a large amount, so that the recycling problem of the waste glass bottles with variegated colors can be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the method for manufacturing the amorphous block foam glass with low cost and low energy consumption is characterized in that the amorphous block foam glass is manufactured with a low foaming sintering temperature and a short foaming sintering time by taking a large-amount and low-cost variegated waste glass bottle as a main raw material.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an amorphous block foam glass comprises the following materials in percentage by mass: 75-95% of waste glass powder, 0.1-5% of foaming agent, 0.1-5% of fluxing agent and 3-25% of clay mineral powder by weight, and the materials are mixed and then heated, melted, foamed, cooled and crushed to prepare the glass.
The amorphous block foam glass comprises the following materials: 82 to 85 percent of waste glass powder, 2 to 3 percent of foaming agent, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of fluxing agent and 8 to 10 percent of clay mineral powder.
The amorphous block foam glass is prepared by crushing and grinding waste flat glass, waste glass bottle or waste soda lime glass into powder, and the granularity of the waste glass powder is 100-250 meshes.
The amorphous blocky foam glass is characterized in that the foaming agent is carbonate or/and silicon carbide, and the granularity of the carbonate is 600-1200 meshes; the grain diameter of the silicon carbide is 5-20 mu m.
The above-mentioned amorphous block foam glass, wherein the carbonate is sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, zinc carbonate, magnesium carbonate or potassium carbonate, and one or more than two of them are used.
The amorphous block foam glass is characterized in that the carbonate is calcium carbonate or sodium carbonate, and one or two of the calcium carbonate and the sodium carbonate are used.
The fluxing agent is mirabilite, boric acid, borax, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide or boron oxide, the granularity of which is 600-1200 meshes, and one or more than two of the fluxing agents are used.
The above amorphous block foam glass, wherein the fluxing agent is borax, and the borax is heated and anhydrous, wherein the molecular formula is Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·10H 2 Borax of sodium tetraborate decahydrate with heating temperature of 350-400 ℃ and molecular formula of Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·5H 2 The borax of the sodium tetraborate pentahydrate is heated at 110-150 ℃ for 15-30 minutes.
The above-mentioned amorphous block-shaped foaming glass, the clay mineral powder includes clay mineral powder of kaolinite group, illite group, montmorillonite group, vermiculite group and sepiolite group, such as kaolinite powder, dickite powder, halloysite powder, pearl stone powder, montmorillonite powder, vermiculite powder, clay-grade mica powder, illite powder, sea green stone powder, chlorite powder, medical stone powder, zeolite powder, bentonite powder, clay powder, fire clay powder, palygorskite powder, coal ash powder or micro silica powder, the granularity of which is 200-600 meshes, and one or more than two kinds are used.
The above amorphous block foam glass, wherein the clay mineral powder is one or more of kaolin powder, clay powder or pottery clay powder.
The preparation method of the amorphous block foam glass comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing the waste glass serving as a main raw material into 3-6 mm glass fragments by using a crusher;
s2, conveying and removing iron scraps, conveying the glass fragments to a ball mill, and adsorbing and removing the iron scraps by using a magnet in the conveying process;
s3, secondarily crushing and grinding, wherein the ball mill further crushes and grinds the glass fragments into glass powder;
s4, conveying the glass powder to a screening machine, separating out labels, paper and plastic sundries lighter than glass by the screening machine, separating glass powder smaller than the required mesh number, conveying the glass powder back to a ball mill, grinding the glass powder, and screening the glass powder to leave glass powder larger than the required mesh number;
s4, mixing, namely putting the glass powder, the foaming agent, the fluxing agent and the clay mineral powder which are weighed according to the proportion into a mixing cylinder, and rolling and mixing;
s5, sintering, namely pouring the mixture into a feeding funnel of a kiln, vibrating the funnel to put the mixture onto a mesh belt of a track kiln, and trowelling the surface; the mixture enters a kiln, passes through a heating zone, a melting zone and a foaming zone, the temperature is increased from 650 ℃ to 850 ℃, the sintering time is 30 minutes, and the mixture is sintered into a foaming glass plate;
s6, cooling, namely enabling the foam glass plate to reach an outlet of the kiln, directly spraying cooling liquid or cooling gas below 5 ℃ to the foam glass plate by a cooling spray head above the outlet, rapidly cooling the foam glass plate, and crushing the foam glass plate into amorphous block-shaped foam glass with different sizes of 2-75 mm.
The application of the amorphous block foam glass is that the amorphous block foam glass is used in the fields of cultivation, soil improvement, agricultural planting, soilless culture, greening, gardening, water quality purification, sponge city, civil engineering or construction.
The invention can be used for preparing the amorphous block-shaped foaming glass with different functions and different purposes by adjusting different proportions of waste glass powder, foaming agent, fluxing agent and clay mineral powder, particularly waste glass powder with different granularities, foaming agent, fluxing agent, clay mineral powder and clay mineral powder with different viscosities and adjusting manufacturing process (foaming sintering time and temperature), and can be used for controlling and adjusting the volume density, water absorption, pore structure and compressive strength of the amorphous foaming glass in a self-defined way.
The technical scheme for specifically controlling and adjusting the volume density, the water absorption, the pore structure and the compressive strength is as follows:
the waste soda lime glass may be waste glass bottles, waste flat glass and other waste soda lime glass.
Waste glass powder with the granularity ranging from 100 meshes to 250 meshes is selected and used. Less than 100 meshes, high melting temperature, high energy consumption and easy vitrification; larger than 250 meshes, is not easy to disperse uniformly, and the manufactured amorphous block foam glass has low compressive strength.
The smaller the granularity of the waste glass powder is, the communicating pore structure is easy to form, and the smaller the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the higher the water absorption rate is, and the lower the compressive strength is; on the contrary, the larger the granularity of the glass powder is, the more independent air hole structure is easy to form, and the larger the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the lower the water absorption rate is, and the higher the compressive strength is.
The proportion of the waste glass powder is 75-95 wt%. The more the proportion of the waste glass powder is, the more the independent air hole structure is easy to form in the range of 80-95%wt, the larger the volume density of the obtained amorphous block foam glass is, the lower the water absorption rate is, and the higher the compressive strength is; the smaller the proportion of waste glass powder is, the more the connected air hole structure is easy to form in the range of 75-90%wt, and the smaller the volume density of the obtained amorphous block foam glass is, the higher the water absorption rate is, and the lower the compressive strength is.
The foaming agent with the granularity ranging from 600 meshes to 1200 meshes is selected and used. The use of carbonate blowing agent carbon allows for a lighter weight amorphous bulk foam glass, particularly with both calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate. The smaller the granularity of the acid salt foaming agent is, the communicating pore structure is easy to form, the smaller the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the higher the water absorption rate is, and the lower the compressive strength is; on the contrary, the larger the granularity of the foaming agent is, the more independent air hole structure is easy to form, and the larger the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the lower the water absorption rate is, and the higher the compressive strength is.
The addition amount of the carbonate foaming agent is in the range of 0.1-5% wt. The smaller the addition amount of the carbonate foaming agent, for example, in the range of 0.1-3%wt, the independent air hole structure is easy to form, and the larger the volume density of the obtained amorphous block foam glass is, the lower the water absorption rate is, and the higher the compressive strength is; the more the carbonate foaming agent is added, the more the amount is in the range of 1-5% by weight, the communicating pore structure is easy to form, and the smaller the volume density of the obtained amorphous block foam glass is, the higher the water absorption rate is, and the lower the compressive strength is.
Silicon carbide foaming agent with particle size of 5-20 μm is selected. The amorphous block foam glass with lighter weight and uniform pore size can be prepared by adding the silicon carbide foaming agent. The smaller the particle size of the silicon carbide foaming agent is, the easier the communicated pore structure is formed, the smaller the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the higher the water absorption rate is, and the lower the compressive strength is; on the contrary, the larger the particle size of the foaming agent is, the more independent air hole structure is easy to form, and the larger the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the lower the water absorption rate is, and the higher the compressive strength is.
The addition amount of the silicon carbide foaming agent is in the range of 0.1-5 wt%. The less the addition amount of the silicon carbide foaming agent is, the more the independent air hole structure is easy to form in the range of 0.1-3%wt, and the higher the volume density of the obtained amorphous block foam glass is, the lower the water absorption rate is, and the higher the compressive strength is; the more the carbonate foaming agent is added, the more the amount is in the range of 1-5% by weight, the communicating pore structure is easy to form, and the smaller the volume density of the obtained amorphous block foam glass is, the higher the water absorption rate is, and the lower the compressive strength is.
The silicon carbide is not necessarily refined high-priced silicon carbide, and silicon carbide recovered from a dust collector in the silicon carbide manufacturing process may be used to reduce costs.
And meanwhile, carbonate and silicon carbide are added, so that the amorphous block-shaped foaming glass with smaller volume density, higher water absorption and lower compressive strength and in a honeycomb hole shape can be prepared.
The borax which is not heated and anhydrous is in the form of particles with the particle diameter of 0.2-0.3 mm, the particles are larger and the hardness is higher, and the borax expands several times in volume after being heated to form fluffy powder. The fluxing agent has the function of reducing the glass softening and melting temperature, the powder borax can greatly reduce the glass softening and melting temperature of the glass, the anhydrous powder borax after heat treatment is added, the glass begins to soften at about 670 ℃, and a maltose-like glass adhesive body is formed at about 700 ℃, and the temperature of the maltose-like glass adhesive body is far higher than the sintering temperature, so that the foaming agent carbonate and silicon carbide begin to be thermally decomposed, gas is released, and bubbles are generated in the glass adhesive body. The foaming and sintering time is shortened due to the advance of foaming. The anhydrous powdery borax can greatly reduce the glass melting temperature, and the mechanism is not clear, and only the fact that the powdery borax can be more uniformly dispersed in glass can be inferred, and borax powder is adhered to the whole glass particles, so that the whole glass melting temperature is reduced.
A flux having a particle size in the range of 600 to 1200 mesh is selected for use. The smaller the granularity of the fluxing agent is, the easier the communicating pore structure is formed, the smaller the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the higher the water absorption rate is, and the lower the compressive strength is; on the contrary, the larger the granularity of the fluxing agent is, the more independent air hole structure is easy to form, and the larger the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the lower the water absorption rate is, and the higher the compressive strength is.
The addition amount of the fluxing agent is in the range of 0.1-5% wt. The smaller the addition amount of the fluxing agent is, the more the independent air hole structure is easy to form in the range of 0.1-2%wt, and the higher the volume density of the obtained amorphous block foam glass is, the lower the water absorption rate is, and the higher the compressive strength is; the more the amount of the flux is added, the more the connected pore structure is easily formed in the range of 1 to 5% by weight, and the lower the volume density of the obtained amorphous block foam glass is, the higher the water absorption and the lower the compressive strength are.
Clay mineral powder with granularity of 200-600 mesh is selected. The clay mineral powder has the function of changing the brittleness of the glass, so that the foamed and sintered amorphous block-shaped foamed glass is not glass any more, but is a foamed stone block with stone properties, such as volcanic light stone, but has higher strength than volcanic light stone. The smaller the granularity of the clay mineral powder is, the easier the communicated pore structure is formed, the smaller the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the higher the water absorption rate is, and the lower the compressive strength is; on the contrary, the larger the granularity of the clay mineral powder is, the more independent air hole structure is easy to form, and the larger the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the lower the water absorption rate is, and the higher the compressive strength is.
The addition amount of the clay mineral powder is in the range of 3-25% wt. The less the addition amount of the clay mineral powder is, the more the independent air hole structure is easy to form at 3-20%wt, the larger the volume density of the obtained amorphous block foam glass is, the lower the water absorption rate is, and the higher the compressive strength is; the more the clay mineral powder is added, the more the clay mineral powder is added in an amount of 10-25% by weight, the more the interconnected pore structure is easy to form, and the smaller the volume density of the obtained amorphous block foam glass is, the higher the water absorption rate is, and the lower the compressive strength is.
In addition, the higher the viscosity of the clay mineral powder is, the more independent air hole structure is easy to form, and the higher the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the lower the water absorption rate is, and the higher the compressive strength is; the lower the viscosity of the clay mineral powder is, the easier the communicating pore structure is formed, and the lower the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the higher the water absorption rate is, and the lower the compressive strength is.
The sintering temperature is 650-850 ℃ and the sintering time is 20-30 minutes in the parameter selection of the preparation process. The lower the sintering temperature is, the shorter the sintering time is, the independent air hole structure is easy to form, and the higher the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is, the lower the water absorption is, and the higher the compressive strength is; the higher the sintering temperature, the longer the sintering time, the easier the formation of a communicated pore structure, the smaller the volume density of the obtained amorphous block-shaped foaming glass, the higher the water absorption and the lower the compressive strength.
The beneficial effects of the invention are that
1. According to the preparation method of the amorphous block foam glass, disclosed by the invention, the sintering temperature and time of the existing foam glass are greatly reduced and the energy consumption is reduced by adding the anhydrous borax.
2. According to the preparation method of the amorphous block-shaped foaming glass, disclosed by the invention, the variegated waste glass bottles are directly crushed, the earlier-stage sorting, cleaning and drying procedures of the variegated waste glass bottles are omitted, and the labor cost is reduced.
3. According to the preparation method of the amorphous block-shaped foaming glass, the foaming sintering plate is rapidly cooled by using the cooling liquid or the cooling gas, and the foaming sintering plate is naturally crushed due to stress deformation, so that the crushing procedure of a finished product is omitted, and the labor cost is reduced.
4. The preparation method of the amorphous block foam glass can self-define and control the volume density, the water absorption, the pore structure and the compressive strength of the foam glass, so that the foam glass has different functions of water retention, drainage, air permeability, fireproof flame retardance, corrosion resistance, insect resistance, heat preservation, heat insulation, sound absorption and the like, can be widely and largely applied to the fields of cultivation, food processing, soil improvement, agricultural planting, soilless culture, greening, gardening, water quality purification, sponge city, civil engineering and construction, and can effectively solve the problems of large bottle quantity of variegated waste glass and difficult recycling.
5. The amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is porous light stone with certain strength, is not brittle, can replace stone sand, has more functions than the stone sand, has wider application, can reduce the exploitation amount of the stone sand and protects mountain forest resources.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Embodiments of the invention: an amorphous block foam glass comprises the following materials in percentage by mass: 75-95% of waste glass powder, 0.1-5% of foaming agent, 0.1-5% of fluxing agent and 3-25% of clay mineral powder by weight, and the materials are mixed, heated, melted, foamed, cooled and crushed to prepare the glass.
More preferably, the following materials are included: 82 to 85 percent of waste glass powder, 2 to 3 percent of foaming agent, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of fluxing agent and 8 to 10 percent of clay mineral powder.
The waste glass powder is formed by crushing and grinding a waste glass bottle, waste flat glass and other waste soda lime glass into powder, and the granularity of the waste glass powder is 100-250 meshes.
The foaming agent is carbonate or/and silicon carbide, the granularity of the carbonate is 600-1200 meshes, and the granularity of the silicon carbide is 5-20 mu m.
The carbonate is sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, zinc carbonate, magnesium carbonate or potassium carbonate, and one or more of the above is used.
More preferably, the carbonate is calcium carbonate or sodium carbonate, and one or two of them are used.
The fluxing agent is mirabilite, boric acid, borax, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide or boron oxide, the granularity of which is 600-1200 meshes, and one or more than two of the fluxing agents are used.
Preferably, the fluxing agent is borax, and the borax is heated and anhydrous, wherein the molecular formula is Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·10H 2 Borax heating temperature of sodium tetraborate decahydrate of O is 350-400 ℃, molecular formula is Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·5H 2 The borax heating temperature of the sodium tetraborate pentahydrate of O is 110-150 ℃ and the heating time is 15-30 minutes.
The clay mineral powder comprises clay mineral powder of kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, vermiculite and sepiolite, specifically kaolin powder, dickite powder, halloysite powder, pearl stone powder, montmorillonite powder, vermiculite powder, clay-grade mica powder, illite powder, sea-green stone powder, chlorite powder, medical stone powder, zeolite powder, bentonite powder, clay powder, refractory clay powder, palygorskite powder, coal ash powder or micro silicon powder, and has a granularity of 200-600 meshes, and one or more than two of the clay mineral powder.
More preferably, the clay mineral powder is one or more of kaolin powder, clay powder and pottery clay powder. Most preferred is kaolin powder.
The preparation method of the amorphous block foam glass comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing the waste glass serving as a main raw material into 3-6 mm glass fragments by using a crusher;
s2, conveying and removing iron scraps, conveying the glass fragments to a ball mill, and adsorbing and removing the iron scraps by using a magnet in the conveying process;
s3, secondarily crushing and grinding, wherein the ball mill further crushes and grinds the glass fragments into glass powder;
s4, conveying the glass powder to a screening machine, separating out labels, paper and plastic sundries lighter than glass by the screening machine, separating glass powder smaller than the required mesh number, conveying the glass powder back to a ball mill, grinding the glass powder, and screening the glass powder to leave glass powder larger than the required mesh number;
s4, mixing, namely putting a certain amount of glass powder, a foaming agent, a fluxing agent and clay mineral powder which are weighed according to the proportion into a mixing cylinder, and mixing in a rolling way;
s5, sintering, namely pouring the mixture into a feeding funnel of a kiln, vibrating the funnel to put the mixture onto a mesh belt of a track kiln, and trowelling the surface; the mixture enters a kiln, passes through a heating zone, a melting zone and a foaming zone, the temperature is increased from 650 ℃ to 850 ℃, the sintering time is 30 minutes, and the mixture is sintered into a foaming glass plate;
s6, cooling, namely enabling the foam glass plate to reach an outlet of the kiln, directly spraying cooling liquid or cooling gas below 5 ℃ to the foam glass plate by a cooling spray head above the outlet, rapidly cooling the foam glass plate, and crushing the foam glass plate into amorphous block-shaped foam glass with different sizes of 2-75 mm.
The application of the amorphous block foam glass is that the amorphous block foam glass is used in the fields of cultivation, soil improvement, agricultural planting, soilless culture, greening, gardening, water quality purification, sponge city, civil engineering or construction.
Various exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the invention, but rather as more detailed descriptions of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
Examples 1 to 5
In examples 1 to 5 of Table 1, all experimental muffle furnaces were used, and the glass raw material was waste glass bottle powder.
Firstly, heating borax, preparing a covered iron container, its volume is about 500ml, adding 15g of molecular formula Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·5H 2 And (3) covering the cover with sodium tetraborate pentahydrate, putting the cover into a 150 ℃ experimental equine fluoride furnace, closing a furnace door, taking out the container after 20 minutes, cooling to room temperature, opening the cover, taking out the borax in fluffy powder, and putting the borax into a sealed glass bottle for later use.
The raw materials were weighed respectively as shown in Table 1, put into a beaker, stirred and dispersed with a glass rod, poured into a high temperature resistant stainless steel net mold, put into a muffle furnace, and sintered at the sintering temperature and sintering time shown in Table 1.
Taking out the stainless steel net mold from the furnace, spraying cooling water at 5 ℃ to the stainless steel net mold, and taking out the foam glass from the stainless steel net mold to obtain the amorphous block foam glass with the thickness of 2-5 mm.
TABLE 1 raw material ratio, sintering temperature, sintering time, manufacturing conditions and test results of amorphous bulk foam glass
The carbonate foaming agent in table 1 is one or two of calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate.
The fluxing agent borax in Table 1 has a molecular formula of Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·5H 2 Sodium tetraborate pentahydrate of O is subjected to heating treatment at 150 ℃ for 20 minutes to form fluffy powder borax.
The clay mineral powder in Table 1 is one or more of Kaolin powder, clay powder, and pottery clay powder.
As can be seen from the test data of table 1, the parameters are in accordance with the inventive content of the present invention.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, within the scope of the present invention, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention by making equivalents and modifications according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present invention.
Application of the invention
The amorphous block-shaped foaming glass provided by the invention has the advantages of low sintering temperature, short sintering time, simple preparation process, low manufacturing cost, and capability of self-defining control and adjustment of water absorption, volume density, compressive strength and pore structure, so that the amorphous block-shaped foaming glass with different parameters and different pore structures can be prepared according to purposes, and products can have different functions, such as water retention, water drainage, air permeability, fireproof flame retardance, corrosion resistance, insect resistance, heat preservation, heat insulation, sound absorption and the like, and can be particularly used as water quality purifying materials, greening materials, soil improvement materials, soilless culture substrates, gardening materials, civil engineering materials, building engineering materials and the like, and used for cultivation, soil improvement, agricultural planting, soilless culture, gardening, water quality purification, sponge city, civil engineering and building fields.
The amorphous bulk foam glass of the present invention is particularly useful as:
1. water quality purifying material: the water absorption rate is 30-150% and the volume density is 0.2-0.6 g/cm 3 The amorphous block foam glass with the compressive strength of 0.5-8 MPa has the advantages of water retention, drainage, water filling and air permeability.
The size of bacteria is about 0.5-5 mu m, the size of protozoa is about 2-250 mu m, the pore diameter of the amorphous block-shaped foaming glass used as a water quality purifying material is in the range of 0.1-5 mu m, the pore structure is in an uneven state, and the pore walls of the amorphous block-shaped foaming glass are composed of pores with the diameter of 0.1-100 mu m, so that a habitat can be provided for bacteria, protozoa and other microorganisms, and the amorphous block-shaped foaming glass is suitable for the habitat of various groups of microorganisms; the void ratio is high, the specific surface area is large, a large number of microorganisms can be born for inhabiting, the symbiotic coexistence of the microorganisms establishes a biological ecological chain, and the bacteria decompose organic substances adsorbed on the surface and the pore wall to purify the water quality.
Can be used for:
(1) the breeding industry:
the amorphous block foam glass has the components similar to the soil, and the main component is silicon dioxide, and does not dissolve harmful substances, so that the amorphous block foam glass can be used for purifying water pools for aquaculture, and is particularly suitable for purifying water quality for culturing high-grade edible fishes such as tuna, ornamental fish and the like.
As a submarine reef, sea cucumber is cultivated.
Pollution discharge purification treatment and odor deodorization treatment of raw livestock breeding.
(2) Pollution discharge purification treatment in the food processing industry.
(3) Purifying water quality of reservoirs, ponds, lakes, rivers and offshore, and treating polluted water quality.
(4) And manufacturing the constructed wetland.
(5) Sponge city:
the method can be used for purifying water quality and guaranteeing quality of rainwater storage tanks in sponge cities, such as underground rainwater storage tanks built in communities, green belts, schools, golf courses and the like, and the stored rainwater can be used for watering golf courses and grasslands, watering green belts, forests and flowers of the communities and schools, and cleaning automobiles, so that a large amount of water can be saved.
2. Greening material: the water absorption rate is 30-80%, and the volume density is 0.4-0.6 g/cm 3 The amorphous block foam glass with the compressive strength of 0.5-8 MPa has water retention, drainage, water filling and air permeability, and can be used for:
(1) roof greening: because of light weight and water retention, the amorphous block foam glass greening material is placed on a roof for planting plants, can effectively solve the problems of drying and water shortage of roof greening and overweight bearing of soil greening, and has the functions of heat insulation and heat preservation.
(2) Road side slope greening and rock slope greening (greening places with less drying water by utilizing the water-retaining property).
(3) Indoor greening, rail greening, landscaping and the like.
3. Agricultural planting materials: the water absorption rate is 30-80%, and the volume density is 0.4-0.8 g/cm 3 The amorphous block foam glass with the compressive strength of 0.5-8 MPa has the advantages of water retention, drainage, water filling and air permeability, and the amorphous block foam glass agricultural planting material is doped into soil according to 20-40%, so that the ventilation, water retention and fertilizer retention performance of the soil can be improved, the proliferation of multiple groups of microorganisms in the soil can be promoted, the root system is developed, the yield and disease resistance of crops are improved, and the use amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides can be reduced.
4. Soil improvement material: the water absorption rate is 30-80%, and the volume density is 0.4-0.8 g/cm 3 The amorphous block foam glass with the compressive strength of 0.5-8 MPa has water retention, drainage, water filling and air permeability, can be mixed with soil according to the proportion of 15%, and can improve the air permeability, the water retention and the drainage of the soil. Can be used for:
(1) improvement of clay soil, water retention of arid soil, drainage of waterlogged soil, desert and stony desertification soil treatment.
(2) Modifying the golf course: the soil layer with the thickness of 20cm is mixed with the amorphous block-shaped foam glass soil improvement material, so that ventilation, drainage (during heavy rain) and water retention (during light rain) of the soil are improved, the fertilizer retention performance is improved, the proliferation of soil microorganisms is promoted, and a lawn root system is developed and grows well.
5. Soilless culture material: the water absorption rate is 30-80%, and the volume density is 0.4-0.8 g/cm 3 The amorphous block foam glass with the compressive strength of 0.5-8 MPa has water retention, drainage, water filling and air permeability, and can be used as soilless culture substrate for vegetable and plant planting.
6. Gardening materials: the water absorption rate is 6-80%, and the volume density is 0.4-1.2 g/cm 3 The amorphous block foam glass with the compressive strength of 0.5-10 MPa has water retention, drainage, water filling and air permeability, and can be used as:
(1) soilless culture substrate for ornamental plants and advanced flowers, flower vase paving stone, pot bottom stone and gardening materials.
(2) Bonding into flowerpot, or bonding into artistic ornamental articles with various shapes.
7. Civil engineering material: the independent air hole structure has water absorption rate of 6-20% and volume density of 0.4-1.2 g/cm 3 The amorphous block foam glass with the compressive strength of 0.5-10 MPa has heat preservation and insulation property, sound absorption property, sound insulation property, moisture resistance, flame retardance, waterproofness, freezing resistance and corrosion resistance, is easy to construct, can be used as a lightweight block foam glass for reducing soil pressure:
(1) the steel material is paved at the bottom layer of the bridge, so that the bridge pressure is reduced, the usage amount of the steel material is reduced, and the maintenance is easy.
(2) Soft road foundation reinforcement, bank protection of river levees, revetments at roadsides.
(3) The filling material is buried around and above the underground pipeline and pipeline, so that the pressure on the underground pipeline and pipeline is reduced.
(4) And (5) a sound insulation filler.
8. Building material: the independent air hole structure has water absorption rate of 6-10% and volume density of 0.4-1.2 g/cm 3 The amorphous block foam glass with the compressive strength of 0.5-10 MPa has heat preservation and insulation properties, sound absorption properties, sound insulation properties, moisture resistance, flame retardance, water resistance, freezing resistance and corrosion resistance, and can be used as:
(1) filling material for heat insulation interlayer of building.
(2) Placing into a mesh bag, and placing on a roof to be used as a heat insulation material.
(3) Manufacturing a secondary product: pressing to obtain light heat-insulating brick.
Pressing into light sound insulation board.
Pressing into light water permeable brick.
Pressing into a light underground pipeline.
As an aggregate, cement was blended to prepare a lightweight concrete.
9. Other:
the powder produced in the manufacture of the amorphous block foam glass can be used as a humidity-adjusting coating; can be pressed into tablet to be used as deodorant or deodorant.
Claims (12)
1. An amorphous bulk foam glass characterized by: the material comprises the following materials in percentage by mass: 75-95% of waste glass powder, 0.1-5% of foaming agent, 0.1-5% of fluxing agent and 3-25% of clay mineral powder by weight, and the materials are mixed and then heated, melted, foamed, cooled and crushed to prepare the glass.
2. The amorphous bulk foam glass according to claim 1, wherein: comprises the following materials: 82 to 85 percent of waste glass powder, 2 to 3 percent of foaming agent, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of fluxing agent and 8 to 10 percent of clay mineral powder.
3. The amorphous bulk foam glass according to claim 1, wherein: the waste glass powder is formed by crushing and grinding waste flat glass, waste glass bottles or waste soda lime glass into powder, and the granularity of the waste glass powder is 100-250 meshes.
4. The amorphous bulk foam glass according to claim 1, wherein: the foaming agent is carbonate or/and silicon carbide, and the granularity of the carbonate is 600-1200 meshes; the grain diameter of the silicon carbide is 5-20 mu m.
5. The amorphous bulk foam glass according to claim 4, wherein: the carbonate is sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, zinc carbonate, magnesium carbonate or potassium carbonate, and one or more of the above is used.
6. The amorphous bulk foam glass according to claim 5, wherein: the carbonate is calcium carbonate or sodium carbonate, and one or two of the carbonates are used.
7. The amorphous bulk foam glass according to claim 1, wherein: the fluxing agent is mirabilite, boric acid, borax, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide or boron oxide, the granularity of which is 600-1200 meshes, and one or more than two of the fluxing agents are used.
8. The amorphous bulk foam glass according to claim 7, wherein: the fluxing agent is borax, and borax subjected to heating anhydrous treatment is used, wherein the molecular formula is Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·10H 2 Borax of sodium tetraborate decahydrate with heating temperature of 350-400 ℃ and molecular formula of Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·5H 2 The borax of the sodium tetraborate pentahydrate is heated at 110-150 ℃ for 15-30 minutes.
9. The amorphous bulk foam glass according to claim 1, wherein: the clay mineral powder comprises clay mineral powder of kaolinite group, illite group, montmorillonite group, vermiculite group and sepiolite group, such as kaolin powder, dickite powder, halloysite powder, pearl stone powder, montmorillonite powder, vermiculite powder, clay-grade mica powder, illite powder, sea green stone powder, chlorite powder, medical stone powder, zeolite powder, bentonite powder, clay powder, fire-resistant clay powder, palygorskite powder, coal ash powder or micro silicon powder, and the granularity is 200-600 meshes, and one or more than two kinds of clay mineral powder are used.
10. The amorphous bulk foam glass according to claim 9, wherein: the clay mineral powder is kaolin powder, clay powder or pottery clay powder, and one or more of the above materials are used.
11. The method for producing an amorphous bulk foam glass according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing the waste glass serving as a main raw material into 3-6 mm glass fragments by using a crusher;
s2, conveying and removing iron scraps, conveying the glass fragments to a ball mill, and adsorbing and removing the iron scraps by using a magnet in the conveying process;
s3, secondarily crushing and grinding, wherein the ball mill further crushes and grinds the glass fragments into glass powder;
s4, conveying the glass powder to a screening machine, separating out labels, paper and plastic sundries lighter than glass by the screening machine, separating glass powder smaller than the required mesh number, conveying the glass powder back to a ball mill, grinding the glass powder, and screening the glass powder to leave glass powder larger than the required mesh number;
s4, mixing, namely putting the glass powder, the foaming agent, the fluxing agent and the clay mineral powder which are weighed according to the proportion into a mixing cylinder, and rolling and mixing;
s5, sintering, namely pouring the mixture into a feeding funnel of a kiln, vibrating the funnel to put the mixture onto a mesh belt of a track kiln, and trowelling the surface; the mixture enters a kiln, passes through a heating zone, a melting zone and a foaming zone, the temperature is increased from 650 ℃ to 850 ℃, the sintering time is 30 minutes, and the mixture is sintered into a foaming glass plate;
s6, cooling, namely enabling the foam glass plate to reach an outlet of the kiln, directly spraying cooling liquid or cooling gas below 5 ℃ to the foam glass plate by a cooling spray head above the outlet, rapidly cooling the foam glass plate, and crushing the foam glass plate into amorphous block-shaped foam glass with different sizes of 2-75 mm.
12. Use of an amorphous bulk foam glass according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: the amorphous block foam glass is used for the fields of cultivation, soil improvement, agricultural planting, soilless culture, greening, gardening, water quality purification, sponge city, civil engineering or construction.
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