CN116969592A - Composite carbon source and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite carbon source and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116969592A CN116969592A CN202311227892.4A CN202311227892A CN116969592A CN 116969592 A CN116969592 A CN 116969592A CN 202311227892 A CN202311227892 A CN 202311227892A CN 116969592 A CN116969592 A CN 116969592A
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- glycerol
- carbon source
- composite carbon
- acid
- solution
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 353
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 monosaccharide compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000016127 added sugars Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000001727 glucose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080313 sodium starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon sources for denitrification of sewage, in particular to a composite carbon source and a preparation method and application thereof. A preparation method of a composite carbon source comprises the following steps: 1) Adding acid into the crude glycerol, and performing acidification treatment to obtain first glycerol liquid of first acidified oil; 2) Adding an alkaline solution into the first glycerol solution, regulating the pH value, standing for layering, and removing the precipitate to obtain a second glycerol solution; 3) Distilling the first acidified oil under reduced pressure, and heating to obtain third glycerin solution and first residues; 4) Adding water into the first residue, centrifuging, evaporating and condensing to obtain fourth glycerol liquid and second residue; 5) And mixing the second glycerol solution and the fourth glycerol solution, and adding saccharides, alcohols, acids and denitrification accelerators to obtain the composite carbon source. Compared with a single carbon source, the crude glycerol composite carbon source has higher utilization rate and selectivity. By complexing with other carbon sources, microbial growth and metabolism can be promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon sources for denitrification of sewage, in particular to a composite carbon source and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Along with the development of economy and society, the eutrophication of the water body is increasingly serious, and the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water body is increased. High-efficiency stable denitrification and dephosphorization are key links of the current sewage treatment, and denitrification biological denitrification by utilizing the metabolism of microorganisms is most economical and effective.
Traditionally, sewage is biologically denitrified to remove nitrogen from carbon sources such as glucose, sodium acetate, starch, and the like. However, these carbon sources are costly and burden the environment. Accordingly, more and more research has been devoted in recent years to developing alternative carbon sources at low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-described drawbacks of the prior art, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite carbon source, comprising the steps of:
1) Mixing crude glycerol with acid, and performing acidification treatment to obtain first acidified oil and first glycerol; under alkaline conditions, glycerin, soap, methanol and methyl ester are mixed together into a gel, and it is very difficult to separate them one by sedimentation or centrifugation. Therefore, in the separation of glycerin, the lower layer liquid needs to be neutralized to an appropriate pH with an acid. In this way, they can be separated by sedimentation or centrifugation.
2) Regulating the pH value of the first glycerol solution obtained in the step 1) to be 8.0-8.5, standing for layering, and removing the precipitate to obtain second glycerol solution; after the pH adjustment, the pH needs to be adjusted to be neutral in order to have better practicality in use.
3) Distilling the first acidified oil obtained in the step 1) under reduced pressure, and heating to obtain third glycerin solution and first residues;
4) Adding water into the first residue obtained in the step 3), centrifuging, evaporating and condensing to obtain fourth glycerol liquid and second residue;
5) Mixing the second glycerol solution obtained in the step 2) and the fourth glycerol solution obtained in the step 4), and adding saccharides, alcohols, acids and denitrification promoters to obtain the composite carbon source;
in step 1), the crude glycerol is derived from biodiesel by-products.
Preferably, at least one of the following technical features is included:
11 In step 1), the acid is selected from one or more of formic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid;
12 In step 1), an acid is added to a pH of 4.0 to 4.5, for example, 4.0 to 4.1,4.1 to 4.2,4.2 to 4.3,4.3 to 4.4, 4.4 to 4.5, etc.
13 In step 1), the acidification treatment time is 30-40min, for example, 30-31min,30-32min,30-33min,30-34min,30-35min,30-36min,30-37min,30-38min,30-39min,30-40min, etc.
14 Step 1) further comprising transferring the first glycerol solution to a neutralization reactor.
Preferably comprises
21 In the step 2), the reagent for adjusting the pH is an alkaline solution;
22 In the step 2), the second glycerol solution is subjected to impurity removal treatment.
Preferably, at least one of the following technical features is included:
211 In feature 21), the alkaline solution is selected from barium hydroxide;
221 In feature 22), the method of removing impurities is: allowing the second glycerol solution to sequentially pass through a cation exchange column, an anion exchange column and an anion and cation exchange column.
Preferably, at least one of the following technical features is included:
31 In step 3), the vacuum degree of the reduced pressure distillation is controlled to be 0.15 to 0.17kPa, for example, 0.15 to 0.16kPa,0.16 to 0.17kPa;
32 Step 3), heating to 164-204 ℃;
33 In the step 3), the third glycerol liquid is refined glycerol.
Preferably, at least one of the following technical features is included:
41 In step 4), the volume ratio of the first residue to the water is 1: (0.75-1.15), for example, may be 1:0.75,1:0.85,1:1,1:1.05, etc.
42 In step 4), the centrifugal separation device is a double-pushing centrifugal machine, preferably, the centrifugal separation rotating speed is 450-550r/min, for example, 450-460r/min,450-470r/min,450-480r/min,450-490r/min,450-500r/min,450-510r/min,450-520r/min,450-530r/min,450-540r/min, 460-550r/min and the like.
43 In the step 4), the evaporation and condensation device is a thin film evaporator;
44 In step 4), the second residue is asphaltenes.
Preferably, at least one of the following technical features is included:
51 In step 5), the saccharide is selected from one or more of glucose, galactose and fructose;
52 In step 5), the alcohol is selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, glycol, glycerol and butanol;
53 Step 5), the acid is selected from one or more of acetic acid, propionic acid, n-butyric acid and isobutyric acid;
the added sugar substances are monosaccharide carbon sources, and the monosaccharide compound is an environment-friendly and efficient additional carbon source, and can be utilized by microorganisms without long-time hydrolysis process; the added acid substances are volatile fatty acids, are small molecular organic acids, are easily utilized by denitrifying bacteria, and have good denitrification effect; the added alcohol compound has the characteristics of low cost and good denitrification effect as an additional carbon source.
54 In step 5), the total mass of the second glycerol liquid and the fourth glycerol liquid is as follows: quality of saccharides: alcohol mass: acid mass= (60-70): (5-10): (5-10): (5-10);
55 In the step 5), the denitrification promoter is sulfur and metal biological modified carbon, the metal biological modified carbon is selected from any one of iron, magnesium, manganese and nickel, and the preparation method of the metal biological modified carbon comprises the following steps: and adding the bamboo blocks or the wood blocks into a metal salt solution for soaking treatment, drying, and sequentially performing carbonization treatment and crushing treatment to obtain the metal modified biochar.
The metal element in the metal modified biochar contained in the denitrification promoter plays a role in regulating the surface charge of a carbon source, can promote the adsorption and removal of nitrate, and sulfur in the contained sulfur can provide an electron donor for the process of reducing nitrate by denitrifying bacteria, so that the metal element is matched with the heterotrophic denitrification process to jointly promote the removal of nitrate, and the biological denitrification efficiency can be further improved.
Preferably, at least one of the following technical features is included:
551 In feature 55), the mass ratio of the sulfur to the composite carbon source is (0.5-1): 100, for example, may be 0.5: 100. 0.6: 100. 0.7: 100. 0.8: 100. 0.9:100, etc.
552 In feature 55), the mass ratio of the metal bio-modified carbon to the composite carbon source is (0.05-0.1): 100, for example, may be 0.05: 100. 0.06: 100. 0.07: 100. 0.08: 100. 0.09:100, etc.
The second aspect of the invention provides a composite carbon source, which is prepared by the preparation method of the composite carbon source.
A third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the above-described composite carbon source for denitrification of wastewater.
As described above, the preparation method of the composite carbon source provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The invention provides a method and a composition for fermenting, purifying and then compounding a composite carbon source by taking crude glycerol as a main raw material. The method comprises the steps of purifying the biodiesel byproduct crude glycerol and compounding with other carbon sources, so that the waste utilization of the crude glycerol is solved, and simultaneously, the utilization rate and the selectivity of microorganisms on the carbon sources are increased by utilizing organic matters in the biodiesel.
2) The crude glycerol in the invention is a low-cost and easily-obtained carbon source, can obviously reduce the production cost of denitrification carbon sources, and has good economic benefit when applied on a large scale. Compared with a single carbon source, the crude glycerol composite carbon source has higher utilization rate and selectivity. Through compounding with other carbon sources, the microbial growth and metabolism can be promoted, and the sewage denitrification is facilitated.
3) The invention uses the crude glycerine as the main raw material to produce the composite carbon source, has stronger economy, and solves the problem of disposal of the crude glycerine.
4) The preparation method of the composite carbon source provided by the invention is simple and feasible, and is easy for large-scale production and application.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the process equipment or devices not specifically identified in the examples below are all conventional in the art.
Furthermore, it is to be understood that the reference to one or more method steps in this disclosure does not exclude the presence of other method steps before or after the combination step or the insertion of other method steps between these explicitly mentioned steps, unless otherwise indicated; it should also be understood that the combined connection between one or more devices/means mentioned in the present invention does not exclude that other devices/means may also be present before and after the combined device/means or that other devices/means may also be interposed between these two explicitly mentioned devices/means, unless otherwise indicated. Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, the numbering of the method steps is merely a convenient tool for identifying the method steps and is not intended to limit the order of arrangement of the method steps or to limit the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced, as such changes or modifications in their relative relationships may be regarded as within the scope of the invention without substantial modification to the technical matter.
Example 1
1) Adding 0.32ml of analytically pure acetic acid into 1000g of crude glycerol to ensure that the pH value is about 4.0, acidizing for 30min to obtain upper first acidized oil and lower first glycerol liquid, and transferring the first glycerol liquid into a neutralization reactor;
2) Adding barium hydroxide into the first glycerol solution obtained in the step 1), regulating the pH to 8.0, standing for layering to obtain second glycerol solution, and removing various impurities from a cation exchange column, an anion exchange column and an anion exchange column generated by the generated second glycerol solution to generate precipitate and discharge the precipitate from the bottom of the neutralization reactor;
3) Performing reduced pressure distillation on the first acidified oil obtained in the step 1), controlling the vacuum degree of reduced pressure distillation at 0.15kPa, heating to 204 ℃ to obtain third glycerol liquid and first residues, and transferring the first residues into a mixing tank;
4) Adding water to the first residue obtained in the step 4), wherein the ratio of the residue to the water is 1:1.05; centrifugal separation is carried out, the rotating speed of the centrifugal separation is 450r/min, and salt is separated out; distilling by a thin film evaporator to obtain fourth glycerol liquid and second residues;
5) Mixing the second glycerol solution obtained in the step 2) and the fourth glycerol solution obtained in the step 4), and adding glucose, ethylene glycol and acetic acid, wherein the mass fraction of the glucose is 10%, the mass fraction of the ethylene glycol is 5%, and the mass fraction of the acetic acid is 5%; and simultaneously adding sulfur and iron metal biological modified carbon, wherein the mass fraction of the sulfur is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the iron metal biological modified carbon is 0.05%, so as to obtain the composite carbon source.
Through experimental detection, the BOD5/COD ratio of the composite carbon source is about 0.75, and the composite carbon source can be directly applied to sewage treatment after dilution and has good denitrification promotion effect. Wherein BOD5 is an important index for indirectly representing the pollution degree of the water body by organic matters by using the dissolved oxygen amount consumed by the metabolism of microorganisms.
Example 2
1) Adding 0.32ml of analytically pure acetic acid into 1000g of crude glycerol to ensure that the pH value is about 4.0, acidizing for 35min to obtain upper first acidized oil and lower first glycerol liquid, and transferring the first glycerol liquid into a neutralization reactor;
2) Adding barium hydroxide into the first glycerol solution obtained in the step 1), regulating the pH to 8.0, standing for layering to obtain second glycerol solution, and removing various impurities from a cation exchange column, an anion exchange column and an anion exchange column generated by the generated second glycerol solution to generate precipitate and discharge the precipitate from the bottom of the neutralization reactor;
3) Performing reduced pressure distillation on the first acidified oil obtained in the step 1), controlling the vacuum degree of reduced pressure distillation at 0.15kPa, heating to 204 ℃ to obtain third glycerol liquid and first residues, and transferring the first residues into a mixing tank;
4) Adding water to the first residue obtained in the step 4), wherein the ratio of the residue to the water is 1:1.05; centrifugal separation is carried out, the rotating speed of the centrifugal separation is 450r/min, and salt is separated out; distilling by a thin film evaporator to obtain fourth glycerol liquid and second residues;
5) Mixing the second glycerol solution obtained in the step 2) and the fourth glycerol solution obtained in the step 4), and adding glucose, ethylene glycol and acetic acid, wherein the mass fraction of the glucose is 10%, the mass fraction of the ethylene glycol is 5%, and the mass fraction of the acetic acid is 5%; and simultaneously adding sulfur and iron metal biological modified carbon, wherein the mass fraction of the sulfur is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the iron metal biological modified carbon is 0.05%, so as to obtain the composite carbon source.
Through experimental detection, the BOD5/COD ratio of the composite carbon source is about 0.78, and the composite carbon source can be directly applied to sewage treatment after dilution and has good denitrification promotion effect.
Example 3
1) Adding 0.32ml of analytically pure acetic acid into 1000g of crude glycerol to ensure that the pH value is about 4.0, acidizing for 40min to obtain upper first acidized oil and lower first glycerol liquid, and transferring the first glycerol liquid into a neutralization reactor;
2) Adding barium hydroxide into the first glycerol solution obtained in the step 1), regulating the pH to 8.0, standing for layering to obtain second glycerol solution, and removing various impurities from a cation exchange column, an anion exchange column and an anion exchange column generated by the generated second glycerol solution to generate precipitate and discharge the precipitate from the bottom of the neutralization reactor;
3) Performing reduced pressure distillation on the first acidified oil obtained in the step 1), controlling the vacuum degree of reduced pressure distillation at 0.15kPa, heating to 204 ℃ to obtain third glycerol liquid and first residues, and transferring the first residues into a mixing tank;
4) Adding water to the first residue obtained in the step 4), wherein the ratio of the residue to the water is 1:1.05; centrifugal separation is carried out, the rotating speed of the centrifugal separation is 450r/min, and salt is separated out; distilling by a thin film evaporator to obtain fourth glycerol liquid and second residues;
5) Mixing the second glycerol solution obtained in the step 2) and the fourth glycerol solution obtained in the step 4), and adding glucose, ethylene glycol and methyl acetic acid, wherein the mass fraction of the glucose is 10%, the mass fraction of the ethylene glycol is 5%, and the mass fraction of the acetic acid is 5%; and simultaneously adding sulfur and iron metal biological modified carbon, wherein the mass fraction of the sulfur is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the iron metal biological modified carbon is 0.05%, so as to obtain the composite carbon source.
Through experimental detection, the BOD5/COD ratio of the composite carbon source is about 0.80, and the composite carbon source can be directly applied to sewage treatment after dilution and has good denitrification promotion effect.
Example 4
1) Adding 0.32ml of analytically pure acetic acid into 1000g of crude glycerol to ensure that the pH value is about 4.0, acidizing for 30min to obtain upper first acidized oil and lower first glycerol liquid, and transferring the first glycerol liquid into a neutralization reactor;
2) Adding barium hydroxide into the first glycerol solution obtained in the step 1), regulating the pH to 8.0, standing for layering to obtain second glycerol solution, and removing various impurities from a cation exchange column, an anion exchange column and an anion exchange column generated by the generated second glycerol solution to generate precipitate and discharge the precipitate from the bottom of the neutralization reactor;
3) Performing reduced pressure distillation on the first acidified oil obtained in the step 1), controlling the vacuum degree of reduced pressure distillation at 0.15kPa, heating to 204 ℃ to obtain third glycerol liquid and first residues, and transferring the first residues into a mixing tank;
4) Adding water to the first residue obtained in the step 4), wherein the ratio of the residue to the water is 1:1.05; centrifugal separation is carried out, the rotating speed of the centrifugal separation is 450r/min, and salt is separated out; distilling by a thin film evaporator to obtain fourth glycerol liquid and second residues;
5) Mixing the second glycerol solution obtained in the step 2) and the fourth glycerol solution obtained in the step 4), and adding fructose, glycerol and propionic acid, wherein the mass fraction of the fructose is 10%, the mass fraction of the glycerol is 5%, and the mass fraction of the propionic acid is 5%; and simultaneously adding sulfur and iron metal biological modified carbon, wherein the mass fraction of the sulfur is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the iron metal biological modified carbon is 0.05%, so as to obtain the composite carbon source.
Through experimental detection, the BOD5/COD ratio of the composite carbon source is about 0.76, and the composite carbon source can be directly applied to sewage treatment after dilution and has good denitrification promotion effect.
Example 5
1) Adding 0.32ml of analytically pure acetic acid into 1000g of crude glycerol to ensure that the pH is about 4.2, acidizing for 30min to obtain upper first acidized oil and lower first glycerol liquid, and transferring the first glycerol liquid into a neutralization reactor;
2) Adding barium hydroxide into the first glycerol solution obtained in the step 1), regulating the pH to 8.0, standing for layering to obtain second glycerol solution, and removing various impurities from a cation exchange column, an anion exchange column and an anion exchange column generated by the generated second glycerol solution to generate precipitate and discharge the precipitate from the bottom of the neutralization reactor;
3) Performing reduced pressure distillation on the first acidified oil obtained in the step 1), controlling the vacuum degree of reduced pressure distillation at 0.15kPa, heating to 204 ℃ to obtain third glycerol liquid and first residues, and transferring the first residues into a mixing tank;
4) Adding water to the first residue obtained in the step 4), wherein the ratio of the residue to the water is 1:1.05; centrifugal separation is carried out, the rotating speed of the centrifugal separation is 450r/min, and salt is separated out; distilling by a thin film evaporator to obtain fourth glycerol liquid and second residues;
5) Mixing the second glycerol solution obtained in the step 2) and the fourth glycerol solution obtained in the step 4), and adding fructose, glycerol and propionic acid, wherein the mass fraction of the fructose is 10%, the mass fraction of the glycerol is 5%, and the mass fraction of the propionic acid is 5%; and simultaneously adding sulfur and iron metal biological modified carbon, wherein the mass fraction of the sulfur is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the iron metal biological modified carbon is 0.05%, so as to obtain the composite carbon source.
Through experimental detection, the BOD5/COD ratio of the composite carbon source is about 0.78, and the composite carbon source can be directly applied to sewage treatment after dilution and has good denitrification promotion effect.
Example 6
1) Adding 0.32ml of analytically pure acetic acid into 1000g of crude glycerol to ensure that the pH value is about 4.5, acidizing for 30min to obtain upper first acidized oil and lower first glycerol liquid, and transferring the first glycerol liquid into a neutralization reactor;
2) Adding barium hydroxide into the first glycerol solution obtained in the step 1), regulating the pH to 8.0, standing for layering to obtain second glycerol solution, and removing various impurities from a cation exchange column, an anion exchange column and an anion exchange column generated by the generated second glycerol solution to generate precipitate and discharge the precipitate from the bottom of the neutralization reactor;
3) Performing reduced pressure distillation on the first acidified oil obtained in the step 1), controlling the vacuum degree of reduced pressure distillation at 0.15kPa, heating to 204 ℃ to obtain third glycerol liquid and first residues, and transferring the first residues into a mixing tank;
4) Adding water to the first residue obtained in the step 4), wherein the ratio of the residue to the water is 1:1.05; centrifugal separation is carried out, the rotating speed of the centrifugal separation is 450r/min, and salt is separated out; distilling by a thin film evaporator to obtain fourth glycerol liquid and second residues;
5) Mixing the second glycerol solution obtained in the step 2) and the fourth glycerol solution obtained in the step 4), and adding fructose, glycerol and propionic acid, wherein the mass fraction of the fructose is 10%, the mass fraction of the glycerol is 5%, and the mass fraction of the propionic acid is 5%; and simultaneously adding sulfur and iron metal biological modified carbon, wherein the mass fraction of the sulfur is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the iron metal biological modified carbon is 0.05%, so as to obtain the composite carbon source.
Through experimental detection, the BOD5/COD ratio of the composite carbon source is about 0.81, and the composite carbon source can be directly applied to sewage treatment after dilution and has good denitrification promotion effect.
Example 7
In a sewage treatment station of a company in an electronic industry, the total nitrogen in the wastewater of a production line is higher because nitric acid is used in the production process. The total nitrogen of the influent water of the sewage treatment station is 200mg/L, the COD is 50mg/L, the biodegradability of the influent water COD is poor, and the denitrification by adding a carbon source is needed. Sodium acetate, glucose and the compound carbon sources of examples 3 and 6 are added into six pilot plant test devices using the company wastewater, and the water inflow rate of the pilot plant test devices is kept at 100m 3 /h。
Sodium acetate, glucose and the compound carbon sources of examples 3 and 6 are prepared into denitrifying carbon source solutions with the same COD equivalent concentration, and the six carbon sources are added according to the same volume, so that the flow of a dosing pump is kept consistent. The removal effect pair of the control group and the experimental group is shown in table 1.
Table 1 removal effect of comparative and experimental groups
According to the data, the composite carbon source can be used as a denitrification carbon source for sewage treatment, and compared with the carbon source in the prior art, the composite carbon source improves the nitrogen removal rate when COD with the same mass is added.
Meanwhile, the price of sodium acetate and glucose of the same type in the market is 4000-5000 yuan per ton, and the price of crude glycerol is less than 1000 yuan per ton.
Example 8
Water inflow rate of 50000m of industrial sewage treatment plant in Zhejiang 3 And/d, the COD concentration of the inlet water is 200mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration is 40mg/L, and the denitrification process is completed by adding an appropriate amount of carbon source due to insufficient C/N of the inlet water. Sodium acetate, glucose and the denitrified carbon source solutions of the same COD equivalent concentration as in examples 3 and 6 were prepared, and the six carbon sources were added in the same volume to maintain the same dosing pump flow, and the removal effect of the comparative and experimental groups was as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 comparison of removal effects of the comparison group and the experimental group
According to the data, the composite carbon source can be used as a denitrification carbon source for sewage treatment, and compared with the carbon source in the prior art, the composite carbon source can ensure that effluent of a sewage plant stably reaches the first-level A emission standard when COD with the same quality is added, and has good economy when the sewage plant is used on a large scale.
While the invention has been described with respect to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and additions may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Equivalent embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings disclosed herein, when considered in the light of the foregoing disclosure, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the composite carbon source is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Mixing crude glycerol with acid, and performing acidification treatment to obtain first acidified oil and first glycerol;
2) Regulating the pH value of the first glycerol solution obtained in the step 1) to be 8.0-8.5, standing for layering, and removing the precipitate to obtain second glycerol solution;
3) Distilling the first acidified oil obtained in the step 1) under reduced pressure, and heating to obtain third glycerin solution and first residues;
4) Adding water into the first residue obtained in the step 3), centrifuging, evaporating and condensing to obtain fourth glycerol liquid and second residue;
5) Mixing the second glycerol solution obtained in the step 2) and the fourth glycerol solution obtained in the step 4), and adding saccharides, alcohols, acids and denitrification promoters to obtain the composite carbon source;
in step 1), the crude glycerol is derived from biodiesel by-products;
in the step 5), the denitrification promoter is sulfur and metal biological modified carbon, and the metal biological modified carbon is selected from any one of iron, magnesium, manganese and nickel;
the mass ratio of the sulfur to the composite carbon source is (0.5-1): 100;
the mass ratio of the metal biological modified carbon to the composite carbon source is (0.05-0.1): 100.
2. the method for producing a composite carbon source according to claim 1, characterized by comprising at least one of the following technical features:
11 In step 1), the acid is selected from one or more of formic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid;
12 In step 1), adding acid to adjust the pH to 4.0-4.5;
13 In step 1), the acidification treatment time is 30-40min;
14 Step 1) further comprising transferring the first glycerol solution to a neutralization reactor.
3. The method for producing a composite carbon source according to claim 1, characterized by comprising at least one of the following technical features:
21 In the step 2), the reagent for adjusting the pH is an alkaline solution;
22 In the step 2), the second glycerol solution is subjected to impurity removal treatment.
4. The method for producing a composite carbon source according to claim 3, characterized by comprising at least one of the following technical features:
211 In feature 21), the alkaline solution is selected from barium hydroxide;
221 In feature 22), the method of removing impurities is: allowing the second glycerol solution to sequentially pass through a cation exchange column, an anion exchange column and an anion and cation exchange column.
5. The method for producing a composite carbon source according to claim 1, characterized by comprising at least one of the following technical features:
31 In the step 3), the vacuum degree of the reduced pressure distillation is controlled to be 0.15-0.17kPa;
32 Step 3), heating to 164-204 ℃;
33 In the step 3), the third glycerol liquid is refined glycerol;
34 In the step 3), the third glycerol solution is recycled.
6. The method for producing a composite carbon source according to claim 1, characterized by comprising at least one of the following technical features:
41 In step 4), the volume ratio of the first residue to the water is 1: (0.75-1.15);
42 In the step 4), the centrifugal separation device is a double-pushing centrifugal machine, and the rotating speed of the centrifugal separation is 450-550r/min;
43 In the step 4), the evaporation and condensation device is a thin film evaporator;
44 In step 4), the second residue is asphaltenes.
7. The method for producing a composite carbon source according to claim 1, characterized by comprising at least one of the following technical features:
51 In step 5), the saccharide is selected from one or more of glucose, galactose and fructose;
52 In step 5), the alcohol is selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, glycol, glycerol and butanol;
53 Step 5), the acid is selected from one or more of acetic acid, propionic acid, n-butyric acid and isobutyric acid;
54 In step 5), the total mass of the second glycerol liquid and the fourth glycerol liquid is as follows: quality of saccharides: alcohol mass: acid mass= (60-70): (5-10): (5-10): (5-10).
8. A composite carbon source produced by the method for producing a composite carbon source according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The use of a composite carbon source according to claim 8 for denitrification of wastewater.
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