CN116967589A - Explosive welding method for component with complex cavity - Google Patents
Explosive welding method for component with complex cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN116967589A CN116967589A CN202310561213.0A CN202310561213A CN116967589A CN 116967589 A CN116967589 A CN 116967589A CN 202310561213 A CN202310561213 A CN 202310561213A CN 116967589 A CN116967589 A CN 116967589A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006023 eutectic alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/06—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
- B23K20/08—Explosive welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an explosion welding method for a component with a complex cavity, and belongs to the field of metal material forming. The explosion welding method comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting an alloy with a high melting point as a base material, and processing a cavity on the base material; secondly, casting low-melting-point alloy in the cavity; thirdly, taking out the solidified low-melting-point alloy, and placing the solidified low-melting-point alloy back into the cavity after coating isolated powder on the contact surface of the solidified low-melting-point alloy and the substrate; fourthly, performing explosive cladding on the two base materials with the filling materials cast; fifthly, heating the explosive composite member to a temperature above the melting point of the low melting temperature alloy; and sixth, discharging the melted alloy from the die cavity. The method solves the problem that the conventional welding method can not realize the internal welding of the complex cavity. The invention has low manufacturing cost and high production efficiency, and can realize large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an explosion welding method for a complex cavity component, and belongs to the field of metal material forming.
Background
Under the background that the weight reduction of the structure is continuously pursued in various fields of automobile electronics, aerospace, rail transit and the like, the topology optimization realizes the great weight reduction of the components on the premise of ensuring that the strength of the components is not reduced, but a complex design scheme often causes a large number of irregular cavities in the originally regular solid components, and the processing and forming are extremely difficult. In addition, many components used in extreme environments often require rapid removal of heat by circulating a coolant to ensure that the component has good heat dissipation properties at high temperatures, which requires a cavity mechanism within the device, such as an engine hollow turbine blade.
At present, the processing and forming modes of the small simple thin-wall cavity device are mature, namely, the upper side part and the lower side part are milled firstly, and then the two-side composite forming is realized by means of resistance welding or brazing and the like. However, when a large-scale complex cavity device is manufactured, the conventional welding method has great difficulty, and the performance of the welding joint cannot be ensured. Even in the context of structural functional integration, more and more hollow devices are designed as composite members of dissimilar metals, such as copper on the side closer to the heat source to ensure excellent heat conducting properties, and steel on the side farther from the heat source to ensure overall structural strength. Because different metals have completely different physical properties, it is often difficult to ensure the welding quality of dissimilar metals in conventional welding. Explosion welding has become one of the important means for welding and forming metal composite materials because of the advantages of high forming speed, large welding area and high welding strength. Meanwhile, due to the characteristics of mechanical bonding and metallurgical bonding of the explosion welding interface, the composite material component is ensured to have excellent interface bonding strength. However, due to the technical characteristics of high-energy jet flow generated in the explosion welding process, if the high-energy jet flow is directly used for explosion molding of a cavity device, the structure of the cavity can be seriously damaged. Therefore, the development of the explosion welding process of the cavity device has important industrial application value for promoting the light development of components and improving the service performance of materials in extreme environments.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the prior art is difficult to weld complex cavity components and even dissimilar metal cavity components and the explosion welding cannot be directly used for forming cavity devices, the invention provides an explosion welding method with complex cavity components. The method can realize the welding forming of the same kind or different kinds of metal cavity components, and has the advantages of high forming speed, large welding area, high welding yield, excellent interface bonding performance, no deformation after the welding of the complex cavity structure, and the like.
According to the invention, the filling metal is cast into the cavity for the first time, and the filling metal prevents deformation of the cavity part in the explosion welding process, so that the explosion welding of the component with the complex cavity is realized.
The invention provides a method for realizing welding and forming of a large-sized cavity device of the same kind or different kinds of metals through cavity processing, casting filling, explosion welding and heating remelting processes for the first time, comprising the following steps:
the first step: selecting two base materials, and processing a cavity on the base materials;
and a second step of: selecting a filling alloy, melting the filling alloy, casting the filling alloy into a cavity of a base material, and processing the filling alloy to be smooth;
thirdly, taking out the solidified filling alloy, and placing the filling alloy back into the cavity after coating isolated powder on the contact surface of the filling alloy and the substrate;
fourth step: explosive welding is carried out by taking a base material with filling alloy as a base plate and a compound plate;
fifth step: heating the whole explosion welded component to above the melting point of the filler alloy until the filler alloy is completely melted;
sixth step: inert gas is continuously blown in from the upper inlet to expel the melted filler alloy from the mold cavity.
In a preferred embodiment, the base material in the first step is one or two of carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum and aluminum alloy, titanium and titanium alloy, copper and copper alloy, nickel and nickel alloy.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides an explosive welding method for a complex cavity member, wherein the melting temperature of the filler alloy in the second step is 200 ℃ or higher below that of the base material, and preferably a eutectic alloy, so that the base material is ensured not to deform and partially melt in the subsequent remelting process. The melting point difference between the base material and the filler alloy is more preferably 200 to 500 ℃.
As a preferred scheme, the explosion welding method with the complex cavity component has the advantages that the diffusion and interface combination of the filling metal and the substrate in the explosion welding process are weakened, and the surface quality of the inner cavity after remelting and discharging of the filling metal can be improved.
As a preferable scheme, the invention relates to an explosion welding method with a complex cavity component, wherein the explosion welding in the fourth step is horizontally arranged, and when a base plate and a compound plate are made of the same material, a base material with large thickness is a base plate, and a base material with small thickness is a compound plate; when the original base material is heterogeneous metal, the high-strength base material is used as a base plate, and the low-strength base material is used as a compound plate.
The thickness of the selected base material is more than 5mm, preferably 5 mm-200 mm; the thickness of the composite plate is more than or equal to 5mm, preferably 5 mm-20 mm.
The compound plate and the filling metal thereof are supported by the clearance columns; a buffer layer and an explosive layer are arranged above the composite plate; the explosion welding initiation point cannot be located at the thinnest position of the cavity wall and is located at a position far away from the cavity, so that damage to the cavity during explosion is reduced, and welding process accuracy is improved.
As a preferable scheme, the explosion welding method for the component with the complex cavity has the advantages that the heating temperature in the fifth step is higher than the melting point of the filler alloy by more than 50 ℃, and more preferably 50-100 ℃, so that the melting and outflow of the internal filler metal are ensured, the welding residual stress of the device is eliminated, and the oxidation of the component is avoided.
In the method for explosion welding with the complex cavity component, the inert gas is continuously blown in from the inlet above when the low-melting-point alloy melt is discharged in the sixth step, so that the melt is completely discharged, and the residues of the melt in the cavity are avoided.
In a preferred scheme, the invention relates to an explosion welding method with a complex cavity component, wherein the minimum distance from a cavity to the outer surface of a substrate is more than or equal to 2mm. The invention realizes the high-efficiency and high-quality welding of the thin-wall complex cavity component for the first time.
The invention has the advantages or beneficial effects that:
the invention breaks through the technical difficulties of welding large-scale complex cavity components by the traditional methods (such as brazing and resistance welding) and the defects of low interface bonding strength, and realizes the high-strength bonding of the large-size complex cavity components by explosion welding. The metal mold core is cast in the cavity before explosion welding, so that the cavity is not damaged under the severe impact of the explosion welding, the mold core is remelted and discharged after the explosion welding, and the integrity of the cavity is ensured.
According to the invention, a eutectic alloy having a melting point of 150 ℃ or higher (preferably 200 ℃ or higher) lower than that of the eutectic alloy is properly selected as the filler metal according to the material of the base member. Compared with other alloys, the eutectic alloy has better fluidity and lower melting temperature, and can ensure good filling property and easy remelting discharge. Although pure metals have equally excellent fluidity, the higher compressive strength of the eutectic alloy ensures that the die cavity has better load carrying capacity during explosion welding. After explosion welding, the whole component is heated to above the melting point of the filling alloy, so that the filling metal in the cavity is discharged, the residual stress generated by explosion welding is eliminated, and the dimensional stability of the component is enhanced. When the component is dissimilar metal, heat preservation promotes cross-interface diffusion of atoms, and further enhances interface strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a preparation flow of a double sided cavity member;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation of a single-sided cavity member.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Two pieces of 316L stainless steel are selected as main materials of the component, the sizes of the two pieces of 316L stainless steel are 600mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 20mm, an internal cavity (double-sided nonuniform serpentine channel) shown in figure 1 is obtained through milling, and surface burrs are polished after milling. Al-12wt.% Si alloy with good fluidity is used as a filling material, melted at 740 ℃, poured into a cavity, naturally cooled, and processed and leveled, so that the filling material and a base material are ensured to be on the same plane. The filler is taken out, and the surface, which is contacted with the substrate, of the filler is coated with dry graphite powder and then is put back into the cavity. The base material and the filler are integrally transferred to an explosion welding site and horizontally placed on a cutting board (the material of the cutting board is cast iron, the size of the cutting board is 2000mm multiplied by 1000mm multiplied by 40 mm), equal-height supporting gap columns (the height of the gap columns is 5mm, the material of the gap columns is pure aluminum) are placed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, rock ammonium nitrate mixed explosive is placed on the upper side, the thickness of an explosive layer is 60mm, an initiating point is located at a position far away from a cavity, and the two substrates are composited through explosion welding. The welded components were placed obliquely and heated to 650 ℃ throughout, and the Al-12wt.% Si filler alloy in the cavity was completely melted and discharged. The same metal cavity component prepared by the method has the effective bonding rate of the interface of 99.5 percent, and the internal cavity is complete and has no deformation. In the resulting product, the minimum distance from the cavity to the outer surface of the substrate was 5mm.
Example 2
As the main materials of the member, 316L stainless steel and T2 copper plate were selected, wherein the size of the 316L stainless steel was 800mm×500mm×20mm, and the size of the T2 copper was 800mm×500mm×10mm, and an internal cavity (one-sided non-uniform serpentine) as shown in fig. 2 was obtained by milling on the 316L stainless steel. And polishing surface burrs after milling. Al-9wt.% Mg-5wt.% Si alloy with good fluidity is used as a filling material, melted at 760 ℃ and poured into a cavity, and the filling material is processed and flattened after natural cooling, so that the filling material and a 316L stainless steel base material are ensured to be on the same plane. The filler is taken out and put back into the cavity after the surface contacting the substrate is coated with dry alumina powder. The base material and the filler are integrally transferred to an explosion welding field and horizontally placed on a cutting board (the material of the cutting board is cast iron, the size of the cutting board is 2000mm multiplied by 1000mm multiplied by 40 mm), 316L stainless steel with the filler is used as a base plate, T2 copper is used as a compound plate for explosion welding, a constant-height supporting gap column (the height of the gap column is 5mm, the material of the gap column is pure aluminum) is placed between the base plate and the compound plate, a rock ammonium nitrate mixed explosive is placed on the upper side of the compound plate, the thickness of an explosive layer is 30mm, an initiating point is located at a position far away from a cavity, and the two materials are composited through explosion welding. The welded component was placed obliquely and heated to 660 ℃ throughout, and the Al-9wt.% Mg-5wt.% Si filler alloy in the cavity was completely melted and discharged. The dissimilar metal cavity member prepared by the method has the interface bonding rate of 99.4%, and the internal cavity is complete and has no deformation. In the resulting product, the minimum distance from the cavity to the outer surface of the substrate was 10mm.
Example 3
The TC 4-grade titanium alloy plate and the 45-grade steel are selected as main materials of the component, the sizes of the components are 500mm multiplied by 10mm, an internal cavity (double-side non-uniform serpentine channel) shown in the figure 1 is obtained through milling, and surface burrs are polished after milling. Al-33.2wt.% Cu alloy with good fluidity is used as a filling material, melted at 650 ℃, poured into a cavity, naturally cooled, and processed to be flat, so that the filling material and a base material are ensured to be in the same plane. The filler is taken out, and the filler is put back into the cavity after the surface contacted with the substrate is coated with dry boron nitride powder. The base material and the filler are integrally transferred to an explosion welding site and horizontally placed on a cutting board (the material of the cutting board is cast iron, the size of the cutting board is 2000mm multiplied by 1000mm multiplied by 40 mm), equal-height supporting gap columns (the height of each gap column is 3mm, the material of each gap column is pure aluminum) are placed between the upper base board and the lower base board, rock ammonium nitrate mixed explosive is placed on the upper side, the thickness of an explosive layer is 35mm, an initiating point is located at a position far away from a cavity, and the two base boards are composited through explosion welding. The welded parts were placed obliquely and heated to 600 ℃ overall, and the Al-33.2wt.% Cu-filler alloy in the cavity was completely melted and discharged. The interface bonding rate of the same metal cavity component prepared by the method is 99.6%, and the internal cavity is complete and has no deformation. In the resulting product, the minimum distance from the cavity to the outer surface of the substrate was 3mm.
Example 4
H65 brass with dimensions 600mm by 400mm by 15mm and 600mm by 400mm by 2mm respectively was selected as the main material of the component, and an internal cavity (single-sided non-uniform serpentine channel) as shown in FIG. 2 was milled into brass with a thickness of 15 mm. And polishing surface burrs after milling. Al-12wt.% Si alloy with good fluidity is used as a filling material, melted at 740 ℃, poured into a cavity, naturally cooled, and processed and leveled, so that the filling material and the brass base material are in the same plane. The filler is taken out, and the dried magnesia powder is coated on the surface contacted with the substrate and then put back into the cavity. The method comprises the steps of integrally transferring a base material and a filler to an explosion welding site, horizontally placing the base material and the filler on a cutting board (the cutting board is made of cast iron, the size of the cutting board is 2000mm multiplied by 1000mm multiplied by 40 mm), taking brass with the filler as a base plate, taking 2mm thick brass as a compound plate for explosion welding, placing a constant-height supporting gap column (the height of the gap column is 1.5mm, the material of the gap column is pure aluminum) between the base plate and the compound plate, placing a rock ammonium nitrate mixed explosive on the upper side of the compound plate, wherein the thickness of an explosive layer is 18mm, and an initiating point is located at a position far away from a cavity, and realizing the compounding of two materials through explosion welding. The welded components were placed obliquely and heated to 650 ℃ throughout, and the Al-12wt.% Si filler alloy in the cavity was completely melted and discharged. The interface bonding rate of the same metal cavity component prepared by the method is 99.6%, and the internal cavity is complete and has no deformation. In the resulting product, the minimum distance from the cavity to the outer surface of the substrate was 2mm.
Example 5
Pure aluminum and a T2 copper plate are selected as main materials of the component, wherein the sizes of the pure aluminum plates are 800mm multiplied by 500mm multiplied by 20mm, the sizes of the T2 copper plates are 800mm multiplied by 500mm multiplied by 5mm, and an internal cavity (a single-side non-uniform serpentine channel) shown in the figure 2 is milled on the pure aluminum base material. And polishing surface burrs after milling. ZA8 zinc alloy with good fluidity is used as a filling material, melted at 450 ℃ and poured into a cavity, and the filling material is processed and flattened after natural cooling, so that the filling material and a pure aluminum base material are ensured to be on the same plane. The filler is taken out and put back into the cavity after the surface contacting the substrate is coated with dry zinc oxide powder. The method is characterized in that a base material and a filler are integrally transferred to an explosion welding field and horizontally placed on a cutting board (the material of the cutting board is cast iron, the size of the cutting board is 2000mm multiplied by 1000mm multiplied by 40 mm), pure aluminum with the filler is used as a base plate, T2 copper with the thickness of 5mm is used as a compound plate for explosion welding, equal-height supporting gap columns (the height of the gap columns is 2mm, the material of the gap columns is pure aluminum) are placed between the base plate and the compound plate, rock ammonium nitrate mixed explosive is placed on the upper side of the compound plate, the thickness of an explosive layer is 60mm, an initiating point is located at a position far away from a cavity, and two materials are compounded through explosion welding. The welded components are placed obliquely and heated to 420 ℃ integrally, and ZA8 zinc alloy filled in the die cavity is completely melted and discharged. The dissimilar metal cavity member prepared by the method has the interface bonding rate of 99.5%, and the internal cavity is complete and has no deformation. In the resulting product, the minimum distance from the cavity to the outer surface of the substrate was 5mm.
Comparative example 1
The 316L stainless steel with the same size as in the embodiment 1 is selected as a main material of the component, an internal cavity shown in the figure 1 is obtained through milling, and surface burrs are polished after milling. The die cavity is not filled with other materials, and the base material is directly transferred to an explosion welding site for explosion compounding, and the explosion compounding process is the same as that of the embodiment 1. The same metal cavity member prepared by the method has no internal casting as a support, the internal cavity is seriously deformed, the external surface corresponding to the cavity position is seriously sunken, and the interface bonding rate is 64%.
Comparative example 2
The same size material as in example 2 was selected as the component body material, and an internal cavity as shown in fig. 2 was obtained by milling on 316L stainless steel, and surface burrs were polished after milling. An Al-2wt.% Si alloy with poor fluidity (melting temperature of 650 ℃ C.) was selected to fill the cavity, and then explosive composition was performed by the same process as in example 2. The welded components were placed obliquely and the whole was heated to 700 ℃ to discharge the filler. When the process is adopted, the filling body obtained by casting is not completely attached to the cavity due to poor fluidity of filling metal, so that part of the cavity is seriously deformed during explosion welding, the interface bonding rate is 92%, in addition, even if a welded component is heated to 700 ℃, part of the filling body still cannot be discharged due to poor fluidity, and the strength of a base material is reduced due to the increase of the temperature.
Comparative example 3
The same size material as in example 5 was selected as the component body material and an internal cavity as shown in fig. 2 was milled into a pure aluminum substrate. And polishing surface burrs after milling. An Al-12wt.% Si alloy with better fluidity (melting temperature 577 ℃ C.) was selected to fill the cavity, and then explosive composition was performed by the same process as in example 5. The welded components were placed obliquely and heated to 660 ℃ throughout and the filler was discharged. When the process is adopted, as the melting point of pure aluminum is 660 ℃, part of the base material is melted in the process of discharging the filler after welding, and the component is scrapped.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention, and all changes made in the equivalent process according to the present invention or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are considered to be the scope of the present invention without departing from the innovative principles of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An explosion welding method for a component with a complex cavity is characterized in that: the explosion welding method comprises the following steps:
the first step: selecting two base materials, and processing a cavity on the base materials;
and a second step of: selecting a filling alloy, melting the filling alloy, casting the filling alloy into a cavity of a base material, and processing the filling alloy to be smooth;
thirdly, taking out the solidified filling alloy, and placing the filling alloy back into the cavity after coating isolated powder on the contact surface of the filling alloy and the substrate;
fourth step: explosive welding is carried out by taking a base material with filling alloy as a base plate and a compound plate;
fifth step: heating the whole explosion welded component to above the melting point of the filler alloy until the filler alloy is completely melted;
sixth step: inert gas is continuously blown in from the upper inlet to expel the melted filler alloy from the mold cavity.
2. A method of explosion welding with complex cavity components according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base material in the first step is one or two of carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum and aluminum alloy, titanium and titanium alloy, copper and copper alloy, nickel and nickel alloy.
3. A method of explosion welding with complex cavity components according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cavity processed in the first step is positioned on one substrate or can be positioned on two substrates at the same time.
4. A method of explosion welding with complex cavity components according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low melting point alloy filled in the second step has a melting temperature of 200 ℃ or higher below the melting point of the base material, and is preferably a eutectic alloy.
5. A method of explosion welding with complex cavity components according to claim 1, characterized in that: the isolation powder in the third step is one of dry graphite powder, boron nitride powder, alumina powder, magnesia powder, zinc oxide powder or molybdenum disulfide powder.
6. A method of explosion welding with complex cavity components according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the explosion welding is horizontally arranged, and when the base plate and the compound plate are made of the same material, the base material with large thickness is the base plate, and the base material with small thickness is the compound plate; when the original base material is heterogeneous metal, the base material with high strength is used as a base plate, and the base material with low strength is used as a compound plate.
7. A method of explosion welding with complex cavity components according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the fourth step, the detonation point of the explosion welding is positioned at one side far away from the cavity.
8. A method of explosion welding with complex cavity components according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating temperature in the fifth step is 50-100 ℃ higher than the melting point of the filler alloy.
9. A method of explosion welding with complex cavity components according to claim 2, characterized in that: the minimum distance from the die cavity to the outer surface of the substrate is more than or equal to 2mm.
10. A method of explosion welding with complex cavity components as defined in claim 6, wherein: the thickness of the selected base material is more than 5mm, preferably 5 mm-200 mm; the thickness of the composite plate is more than or equal to 5mm, preferably 5 mm-20 mm.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2574178C1 (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-02-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) | Production of composite articles with internal cavities by blast welding |
| CN105478991A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Preparation method for heat-resistant component containing embedded runner, of fusion reactor blanket |
| CN111889870A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-06 | 中国科学技术大学 | Device and method for producing flow passage part in fusion reactor cladding by explosive cladding |
| CN115070189A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-20 | 南京理工大学 | Explosive welding preparation method of hollow runner |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2574178C1 (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-02-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) | Production of composite articles with internal cavities by blast welding |
| RU2574179C1 (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-02-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) | Production of composite articles with internal cavities by blast welding |
| CN105478991A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Preparation method for heat-resistant component containing embedded runner, of fusion reactor blanket |
| CN111889870A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-06 | 中国科学技术大学 | Device and method for producing flow passage part in fusion reactor cladding by explosive cladding |
| CN115070189A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-20 | 南京理工大学 | Explosive welding preparation method of hollow runner |
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