CN116960833A - Lighting engineering construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a construction method of lighting engineering, which comprises the steps of embedding dark steel pipes, embedding the dark steel pipes at a distance which is not smaller than a first preset distance from the ground surface, and installing a corresponding number of bright steel pipes in rows along a wall according to an installation rule; a plurality of upright posts and a plurality of supporting arms are regularly installed by tightening to form a supporting structure, and a bridge frame with a corresponding size is selected according to the bending size of a cable to be installed and is installed on the supporting structure; calculating the maximum traction force born by the cable by using a calculation formula, paving a plurality of sliding parts on the bridge, carrying the cable on the bridge by matching the sliding parts with the traction force, and fixing the cable on the bridge by using a fixing rule; and detecting whether the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe are smooth or not by using a strip line rule, passing a wire through the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe, installing a lighting lamp, and connecting the lighting lamp with the wire, so that the cable can be protected from being pulled out.

Description

Lighting engineering construction method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of illumination construction, and particularly relates to an illumination engineering construction method.

Background

Illumination is an indispensable part of construction and determines the user experience after the construction is completed. The top of a building floor will typically be fitted with a light to provide illumination of that floor.

In the process of lighting construction, pipelines, cable trays, cables and wires need to be laid, and when the existing cables are laid on the cable trays, the cables are generally directly pulled up, so that the cables can be damaged after being installed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a construction method of lighting engineering, which is used for solving the technical problems that the cable is directly pulled up when the traditional cable is paved on a cable bridge, and the cable is possibly damaged after being installed.

In one aspect, the invention provides the following technical scheme, namely a construction method of lighting engineering, which comprises the following steps: embedding dark steel pipes, embedding the dark steel pipes at a distance not smaller than a first preset distance from the ground surface, installing a corresponding number of bright steel pipes in rows along the wall according to an installation rule, and communicating the bright steel pipes with the dark steel pipes;

installing a plurality of upright posts and a plurality of bracket arms by using a tightening rule to form a supporting structure, selecting a bridge frame with a corresponding size according to the bending size of a cable to be installed, and installing the bridge frame on the supporting structure, wherein the tightening rule comprises: four upright posts are installed, leveling is carried out by using a level bar and a plumb bob, a first nylon rope is utilized to tighten the two upright posts on the side plane close to the bridge, and a plurality of upright posts are sequentially installed along the first nylon rope at intervals of 1 m-2 m;

Calculating the maximum traction force born by the cable by using a calculation formula, paving a plurality of sliding parts on the bridge, carrying the cable on the bridge by matching the sliding parts with the traction force, and fixing the cable on the bridge by using a fixing rule;

detecting whether the dark steel pipe and the light steel pipe are smooth or not by using a strip line rule, passing a wire through the dark steel pipe and the light steel pipe, electrically connecting the cable with the wire, installing a lighting lamp, and connecting the cable with the wire, wherein the adjacent wires are connected by using a preset connection method.

Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that: the maximum traction force born by the cable is calculated by utilizing a calculation formula, so that the range of the traction force required by the cable can be clearly known, and the traction force is prevented from being too large when the cable is pulled, so that the cable can be protected from being pulled out, the cable is pulled onto the bridge by manpower through the cooperation of the traction force of the cable and the sliding part (pulley), the working efficiency is effectively improved, the plurality of stand columns and the plurality of supporting arms are regularly installed by tightening, the speed of installing the bridge is effectively improved, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Further, the method further comprises:

dividing the distribution box into a floor distribution box and a wall distribution box according to the number of outgoing lines of the distribution box;

the floor distribution boxes are arranged on the ground through a first mounting structure so as to ensure that the floor distribution boxes are isolated from the ground, and the wall-mounted distribution boxes are arranged on the wall through a second mounting structure so as to ensure that the bottoms of a plurality of distribution boxes are level;

and opening holes in the distribution box according to the directions of the cables and the wires entering and exiting the distribution box, and connecting the cables and the wires with the distribution box.

Further, after the step of opening the top or bottom of the electrical box, the method further comprises:

the edges of the holes are protected with rubber at the openings to prevent damage to the wires and cables.

Further, the tightening rule includes:

the support arms are arranged at the two ends of the upright post, the support arms at the two ends are tightened by using a second nylon rope, and a plurality of other support arms are sequentially arranged along the second nylon rope at intervals ranging from 0.5m to 1 m.

Further, the calculation formula includes:

F _{traction and pull} ＝F _{Sheet of paper} *n

F _{Traction and pull} Expressed as the traction of the cable, F _{Sheet of paper} Expressed as the maximum tension of the cable, n is expressed as a compliance coefficient, wherein the compliance coefficient is not greater than 0.8.

Further, the fixed rule includes:

when the angle of the laid cable is larger than forty-five degrees, fixing the cable once every 1.5 m-2.5 m;

when the angle of the laid cable is smaller than forty-five degrees, fixing the cable once every 5 m-10 m;

when the laid cable is perpendicular to the bridge, the cable is fixed once every 0.01 m-1.5 m

Further, when the open steel pipe passes through the deformation joint, the open steel pipe passes through a compensation structure, and the compensation structure comprises:

the plurality of first pole setting of installing in the roof, install in the terminal box of first pole setting, set up in metal collapsible tube between the terminal box, just metal collapsible tube set up with the below of movement joint.

Further, the strip line rule includes:

binding two ends of the cloth strip on the strip line firmly, and pulling the strip line back and forth by two persons to clean sundries in the dark steel pipe and the light steel pipe;

firstly bending one end of the strip line into an unsealed circle, then penetrating the strip line into the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe by using a threading device, and leaving 10 cm-15 cm of allowance at two ends of the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe;

When the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe are long or turn more, the belt line can be threaded together while the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe are laid.

Further, the preset connection method includes: a self-winding method or a binding method;

the self-winding method comprises the following steps: tightly winding the wire of the branch line on the wire of the trunk line for 3-5 circles, and then cutting off the residual wire;

the binding method comprises the following steps: firstly, filling a core wire with the same diameter in the overlapping position of the core wires of two leads, and using a cross section with the range of 1mm ² ～2mm ² The bare copper wire is tightly wound on the wire, and the winding length is 8-12 times of the diameter of the wire;

and respectively turning back the wire heads of the connected core wires, continuously winding the wound bare copper wires at the two ends for 5-6 circles, and then cutting off the redundant wire heads.

Further, the strip line rule includes: the step of installing the lighting lamp comprises the following steps:

the lighting fixture is mounted to the roof with an embedded structure, wherein the embedded structure comprises: install in the second pole setting of roof, install in electric wire pipe fixing device in the second pole setting, connect in the second pole setting furred ceiling and install in the lamps and lanterns fixture of furred ceiling, lamps and lanterns fixture connection has illumination lamps and lanterns.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a lighting engineering construction method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a supplement structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a built-in structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention in a state of installing a lamp;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention in a state in which another lamp is mounted in the embedded structure;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a lighting engineering construction method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a structure in which a distribution box according to a second embodiment of the present invention is installed on a side wall;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a structure of a power distribution box installed on the ground according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a ground card; 2. a metal hose; 3. a junction box; 4. an expansion joint; 5. a ground wire; 6. a first upright; 7. an electric wire tube; 8, a grounding card; 9. a ground wire; 10. a first junction box; 11. a bracket; 12. a lighting fixture; 13. a lamp fixture; 14. suspended ceiling; 15. an electric conduit fixture; 16. a second upright; 17. a lamp; 18. a lamp shade; 19. an air port; 20. an air pipe hanging bracket; 21. a static pressure box; 22. a lamp suspender; 23. a distribution box; 24. pulling a screw rod; 25. channel steel.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended to illustrate embodiments of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the embodiments of the present invention and simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Example 1

In a first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a lighting engineering construction method includes steps S101 to S104

S101, embedding dark steel pipes, embedding the dark steel pipes at a distance which is not smaller than a first preset distance from the ground surface, installing a corresponding number of bright steel pipes in rows along the wall according to an installation rule, and communicating the bright steel pipes with the dark steel pipes;

preparation of construction technique

Construction technology is the core of the whole construction management, and technical preparation must be fully made before construction. The technical preparation before construction comprises the following steps: construction drawing consultation preparation, construction basis preparation, safety plan preparation, quality plan preparation, construction site and construction scheme preparation, pre-construction material supply plan preparation and pre-construction technology mating preparation. The engineering is started, and the work of hole reservation, concealed box (box), concealed piping embedding, equipment foundation manufacturing and the like are actively matched with the building decoration profession. Because the conditions of the public areas of the station hall layer and the platform layer are better, the construction of the main pipeline of the electric wire protection pipe of the public areas of the station hall layer and the platform layer and the installation of the cable bridge are finished firstly, and then the construction of the main pipeline of the electric wire protection pipe of the equipment areas of the station hall layer and the platform layer and the installation of the cable bridge are carried out. Then following the progress of building finishing engineering and ventilation air conditioner, water supply and drainage equipment, environment and equipment monitoring installation, laying various cables and wire protection pipe branch pipelines in the station, installing various power boxes and cabinets, laying cables, making head wiring, installing lamps and the like. And finally, after the whole engineering quantity is finished and the system is comprehensively and carefully checked, single machine debugging, system joint debugging, fireproof blocking of power distribution holes and inspection and communication opening of the engineering are carried out.

Specifically, the electrical piping includes steel pipes with concealed and exposed steel pipes, and the electrical piping is understood to be steel pipes with concealed or exposed steel pipes.

When the method is applied specifically:

steel pipe concealed coating (embedded concealed steel pipe):

the concealed application of the electrical piping should be completed synchronously with civil engineering as much as possible, so that the slotting on the wall body is avoided. The pipeline is laid along the nearest route, the bending is reduced as much as possible, the pipe embedded in the wall or the concrete is not separated from the surface by a clear distance of less than 15mm (a first preset distance); when the steel pipe is laid in a hidden way, a pipe cutter, a steel saw bow or a grinding wheel cutting machine is used for cutting off the electric piping on the equipment foundation, the fracture is level and not inclined, the pipe orifice is polished smoothly, burrs are avoided, and scrap iron in the pipe is removed.

The electrical piping threading adopts threading machine or manual threading die according to pipe diameter size, and when adopting threading machine, should pay attention to timely watering and cooling, the screw thread is not disordered and not overlength, makes anticorrosive, clean clear.

The electric piping is bent by a hand bending machine when the pipe diameter of the electric piping is 25mm or less, and is bent by a hydraulic bending machine when the pipe diameter is 25mm or more. The minimum bending radius of the steel pipe and the bending flatness of the bending part ensure to meet the standard requirements.

Determining the positions of the concealed boxes and the boxes by taking the elevation line of civil engineering delivery as a reference; firstly stabilizing the box and the box, and then grouting, so as to ensure that the mortar is full, smooth and firm and has correct position.

The electric piping connection should use the pipe hoop or tight fixed joint, forbid to adopt the fusion welding connection strictly; the steel pipe entering box and box should be fixed by locking nut, and the exposed screw thread should be 2-4 buckles.

The junction box should be installed when the pipeline meets the expansion joint of the building and exceeds the following length: 30m without bending, 20m with one bending, 15m with two bending and 8m with three bending. In order to facilitate threading, the steel wire should be penetrated into the steel tube in advance.

Steel pipe surface coating (surface steel pipe):

the arrangement of the row of electric piping brackets:

rows of electrical tube holders mounted along the wall are shown. When the electric pipe bracket is horizontally installed, the electric pipe bracket is lifted by round steel.

The fixing method of the support and the hanger comprises the following steps: according to the structural characteristics of the engineering, the support and the hanger are mainly fixed by adopting a pipe expanding method (namely punching holes on a concrete top plate and fixing by using expansion bolts) and a hoop method (namely fixing the support and the hanger by using hoops when encountering a steel structure Liang Zhushi).

Fixed spacing

As in table 1: maximum distance list for middle pipe clamp of electric rigid pipe

(3) Measurement box, box and fixed point position: according to the construction drawing, firstly, the accurate positions of the box, the box and the outlet are measured, then the vertical and horizontal directions of the pipeline are pulled out to form straight lines according to the measured positions, and the specific positions of the bracket and the hanging bracket are determined according to the fixed point spacing size requirement specified by the installation standard. The distance between the fixing points is uniform, and the distance between the pipe clamp and the edge of a terminal, a turning midpoint, an electric appliance or a junction box is 150-500mm.

(4) Deformation joint treatment

When the open steel pipe passes through the deformation joint 4, the open steel pipe passes through a compensation structure, and the compensation structure comprises:

a plurality of first vertical rods 6 arranged on the roof, junction boxes 3 arranged on the first vertical rods, metal hoses 2 arranged between the junction boxes, and the metal hoses are arranged below the deformation joints;

as shown in fig. 2, a compensation device is arranged at the position penetrating through the deformation joint, and the compensation device can move freely; the distribution line passes through the building and the equipment foundation and is sheathed with a protective sleeve. The compensating device is flat, the pipe orifice is smooth, the mouth protection is firm, and the connection with the pipe is reliable; the sheathed tube is correctly marked in the hidden engineering. The electric wire pipe is installed at the expansion joint of the building, and the metal hose is used for connection locally so as to protect the safety of the electric wire pipe when the expansion joint of the building is subjected to expansion and contraction change. Wherein, the terminal box department is provided with ground connection card 1 and earth connection 7.

(5) Technical requirements

A. The electrical tube is tightly prohibited from fusion welding.

B. The pipe is tightly connected, the pipe orifice is smooth and free of burrs, the mouth protection is complete, the exposed pipe and the support and the hanging frame thereof are straight and firm, the arrangement is orderly, no obvious crease is generated at the bent part of the pipe, the paint is anti-corrosion and complete, and the protection layer of the hidden pipe is larger than 15mm.

C. The box and the box are correctly arranged, the fixation is reliable, the pipe enters the box and the box straight, and the exposed length in the box and the box is less than 5mm; the pipe orifice fixed by the lock nut and the pipe are exposed out of the lock nut, and the threads of the lock nut are 2-4 buckles. The position of the nozzles of the lines into the electrical equipment and appliances is correct.

D. The grounding (zero connection) of the electric tube and the support, the grounding (zero connection) of the electric equipment and the non-electrified metal parts and the branch laying should meet the following regulations: the connection is tight and firm, the section of the grounding (zero connection) line is selected to be correct, the part needing corrosion protection is painted uniformly and completely, the line trend is reasonable, the color code is accurate, and equipment and buildings are not polluted after the painting.

E. Flexible metal hose installation

The electric wire protection tube between the electric tube and the electric equipment and between the electric tube and the appliance is preferably a metal hose or a flexible metal electric wire protection tube; the length of the metal hose is not more than 0.8 m in power engineering and not more than 1.2 m in lighting engineering. The connection between the branch box and the appliance in the suspended ceiling adopts a metal hose, and the emergency lighting appliance adopts a Polycard hose with fireproof requirements. The metal hose is laid in a place which is not easily damaged by machinery. When the metal hose is used in a wet place, the liquid-proof metal hose with a nonmetallic sheath and a matched connecting device is adopted, and the sheath of the liquid-proof metal hose is subjected to flame-retardant treatment.

S102, installing a plurality of upright posts and a plurality of supporting arms by tightening rules to form a supporting structure, selecting a bridge frame with a corresponding size according to the bending size of a cable to be installed, and installing the bridge frame on the supporting structure;

the tightening rule includes:

four upright posts are arranged at two ends of the punching hole, leveling is carried out by using a level bar and a plumb bob, the two upright posts are tightly stretched on the side plane of the bridge frame by using a first nylon rope, and a plurality of upright posts are sequentially arranged along the first nylon rope at intervals ranging from 1m to 2 m;

the support arms are arranged at the two ends of the upright post, the support arms at the two ends are tightened by using a second nylon rope, and a plurality of other support arms are sequentially arranged along the second nylon rope at intervals ranging from 0.5m to 1 m.

When the method is applied specifically:

(1) Before the bridge frame is installed, the bridge frame must be specially coordinated with ventilation air conditioner, water supply and drainage and the like, so that the collision with air pipes and water pipes is avoided.

(2) According to the comprehensive pipeline layout of the station, the installation position of the bridge is determined by taking an air pipe, a water pipe or a wall body as a reference, and tools such as a steel tape, a level bar, a plumb bob, an ink fountain and the like are used for carrying out spring line positioning.

(3) Punching holes on two ends of a straight line segment of the bridge by using impact drills, installing four upright posts on two ends, and aligning with a horizontal ruler and a plumb bob. And then nylon ropes are used for tightening the two upright posts close to the bridge side plane, and other upright posts are sequentially arranged every 1.5 meters according to the two upright posts.

(4) After the upright post is installed, the supporting arms at the two ends are installed at first, and after leveling, other supporting arms are installed by using nylon ropes in the same method.

(5) When the bridge is installed, the bent tee joint and the straight line section are installed. The elbow, tee joint, four-way joint and other customizable finished products of the bridge frame can be manufactured on site, the elbow, tee joint, four-way joint and the like of the bridge frame must meet the minimum bending radius of the cable, otherwise, the cable cannot be put into the bridge frame or the cable insulation layer is damaged when the cable is laid, the minimum bending radius of the cable is shown in the table 5.2-2, the bridge frame is connected with the bridge frame through a connecting plate, the connecting bolt adopts a half-round head bolt, and the half-round head is arranged on the inner side of the bridge frame.

Table 2 minimum allowable bend radius of cable

(6) The multi-layer bridge should be installed on the upper layer first and then on the lower layer, and the elevation of each layer is based on the design drawing. The clear distance between the horizontally adjacent bridges is not smaller than 50mm, and the distance between the horizontally adjacent bridges and the weak-current cable bridge is not smaller than 0.5m.

(7) When the bridge spans the deformation joint of the building, the expansion joint treatment is carried out according to the steel cable bridge mounting process, and when the straight line section of the bridge exceeds 30m, an expansion joint compensation device is arranged.

(8) The bridge frame is installed horizontally and vertically, is firmly connected, is neat and attractive, is suitable to be consistent with the gradient of a building, and has the flatness deviation of not more than 5mm/m and the straightness deviation of not more than 5mm/m in the same horizontal plane.

(9) The bridge frame is grounded by adopting 40X 4 galvanized flat steel laid on a bridge frame as a grounding main line and reliably connected with a grounding busbar of a transformer substation through a single-core cable, and the bridge frame is connected with the bridge frame and the grounding main line through braided copper wires to form an electric path.

S103, calculating the maximum traction force born by the cable by using a calculation formula, paving a plurality of sliding parts on the bridge, carrying the cable on the bridge by matching the sliding parts and the traction force, and fixing the cable on the bridge by using a fixing rule;

specifically, the calculation formula includes:

F _{traction and pull} ＝F _{Sheet of paper} *n

F _{Traction and pull} Expressed as the traction of the cable, F _{Sheet of paper} Expressed as the maximum tension of the cable, n is expressed as a compliance coefficient, wherein the compliance coefficient is not greater than 0.8. Preventing the cable from being pulled out due to excessive traction.

The fixed rule includes:

when the angle of the laid cable is larger than forty-five degrees, fixing the cable once every 1.5 m-2.5 m;

when the angle of the laid cable is smaller than forty-five degrees, fixing the cable once every 5 m-10 m;

when the laid cable is perpendicular to the bridge, the cable is fixed once every 0.01 m-1.5 m.

(1) Cable laying

(1) When a plurality of cables are laid on the bridge, the arrangement of the cables is drawn in a chart mode in advance, and the cables are laid according to the chart so as to prevent crossing and confusion. Before laying, the appearance of the cable is checked to avoid damage and distortion, and the insulation test is good.

(2) When the cable is laid, the cable reels are arranged on the pay-off rack, the setting place of the pay-off rack is based on the principle of safe and convenient laying, and the cable jackets are generally prevented from being scratched by friction and the like between cables and between the cables and other hard objects and are not required to be wound, twisted or folded in the process of laying the cables. The bridge is uniformly provided with rollers or pulleys, and the cable is laid on the bridge by manual traction.

(3) For a cable laid by a part of through pipes, before laying, firstly checking whether two ports of a steel pipe are smooth or not, and whether the ports are complete or not, wherein no ponding exists in the steel pipe and no foreign matter is blocked; when the pipeline is longer or turns more, a proper amount of talcum powder should be blown into the pipeline.

(4) The application force is even when the cable is laid, the coordination is carried out, and the traction force is not more than 80% of the allowable tension of the cable. Interphones should be equipped for long-distance, inter-layer or inter-room cabling in the station. The cable meets the expansion joint of the building and leaves the allowance, the minimum bending radius of the cable meets the requirements of the construction specification, and the minimum bending radius is shown in the table 5.2-2.

(5) The cables are fixed, the cable laying arrangement is tidy, the interval is uniform, and no cross phenomenon exists. The cable which is obliquely laid at an angle of more than 45 degrees is provided with fixed points at intervals of 2 m. And fixing points are arranged at the head end and the tail end of the horizontally laid cable, at the two sides of the turn and at intervals of 5-10 m. For the cables laid in the vertical bridge, one cable should be fixed every laying, and the interval of the fixed points is not more than the specified value in table 3.

TABLE 3 spacing of cable fixation points (m)

(6) The cable laying is finished, the two ends of the cable are required to be hung in time, the label writing is clear and is not easy to fade, and the stop points, the cable numbers and the specification types are annotated. The cables on the bridge should be arranged straight and bound and fixed by nylon ties.

(7) After the cable is laid, the cable bridge needs to be plugged by flexible nonflammable materials (such as fire-proof mud) when the cable bridge passes through the cable well and the fire-proof wall. The plugging should be tight and beautiful, and not easy to fall off.

(8) The mineral insulated cable is laid in an overhead manner, fixed by a special cable metal hook, and the metal shells of the switch cabinet and the distribution box are grounded at two ends of the switch cabinet and the distribution box after wiring is completed.

(2) Cable terminal manufacturing and installing device

(1) Basic requirements for cable heads

A. The cable must be sealed both after it is made and during the whole operation, if the cable head is poorly sealed, moisture can invade the cable interior and degrade the insulation of the cable. Thus, ensuring a seal is one of the most important requirements for cable heads.

B. The insulation strength of the cable head should be ensured not to be lower than the insulation strength of the cable itself, but also to have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand mechanical stresses to which the cable may be subjected, including external mechanical damage and electrical stresses in the event of a short circuit. The wire core joint should be in good contact and the contact resistance must be less than 1.2 times the resistance of the conductor of the same length. For ease of construction, the cable head is also required to be simple, compact and light in weight, but should also be secured with a certain electrical distance to avoid short circuits or breakdowns.

C. In order to enable the cable head to meet the basic requirements, materials with low water absorption, low air permeability, low dielectric loss tangent and good electrical stability are used for manufacturing the cable head; it is also necessary to ensure that the hands, tools, insulation materials, and cable itself remain clean and dry during construction, ensuring a high level of operation.

(2) Basic requirements for cable head construction

A. Before the construction of the cable head, the cable head must be fully prepared, and good construction conditions should be provided:

B. the materials, tools, cable terminal boxes or the shells, sleeves, accessories and the like required by construction are prepared completely before construction, and the materials, tools, cable terminal boxes or the shells, sleeves, accessories and the like can be applied after being inspected to be qualified. The adopted additional insulating material has compatibility with the insulation of the cable body besides the electric performance meeting the requirement. Checking work of the circuit, such as voltage class, cable section and the like, should be done again before construction.

C. The ambient temperature of the construction site and the temperature of the cable body must be above 0 degrees.

D. The construction site should be kept clean, dry and light-sufficient, the relative humidity of the surrounding air should be 70% or below, and the construction site should not contain conductive dust and corrosive gas, otherwise, the environment temperature should be increased to prevent dust, artificial lighting is added, and ventilation is enhanced.

In order to ensure the quality of the cable head, the following steps are also necessary in the construction process:

A. the construction operation must be continued from the start of the cable stripping to the completion of the construction, and the shorter and better the time is, in order to prevent insulation moisture absorption, and also to prevent sweat from penetrating into the insulation material during the operation.

B. When the cable is stripped, the insulation layer which should be reserved and the wire core should not be damaged is not allowed, and the minimum distance from the wire core to the nearest grounding point (the end of the shielding or metal sheath) along the insulation surface should meet the following requirements: the 1KV cable is 50mm, the 6KV cable is 60mm, and the 10KV cable is 125mm.

C. The outgoing wires of the cable termination should remain in a fixed position and ensure the necessary electrical spacing and proper bend radius.

D. When the cable head is lapped with the system or the equipment after the construction is finished, the phase of the cable head is checked with the system, and the work can be finished after the cable head is confirmed to be correct. Reliable safety measures are required in the whole construction process, so that safe work is ensured, and accidents are prevented.

(3) Manufacture of cable terminal

A. Shaking the cable insulation resistance with a megameter (1000V meter for power cable and 500V meter for control cable), discharging core wire to ground after shaking, and filling test record;

B. measuring the cable, marking, and sawing off redundant cables;

C. stripping the outer sheath, the armor and the inner sheath of the cable, and welding annealed copper wires on the armor;

D. wrapping the root of the cable, sleeving the power cable into a cable branching glove (the thermal shrinkage type branching glove needs thermal shrinkage treatment), sleeving the control cable into a control cable head sleeve, and pouring sealant;

E. stripping the insulation of the core wire, wherein the stripping length is the depth of the wiring terminal plus 5mm, inserting the core wire into the wiring terminal, and crimping by using a hydraulic clamp, wherein the crimping is carried out at least two times;

F. according to different phases, using five (yellow, green, red, blue and PE yellow-green mixed) adhesive tapes to wrap each core wire of the cable to the crimping part of the junction nose respectively;

G. the insulation resistance of the cable is measured again after the manufacture is finished, and records are made;

H. and fixing the cable head, connecting the core wire with the wiring terminal, shielding the cable with the net layer and reliably grounding the annealed copper wire.

(3) Secondary wiring

(1) Based on the wiring diagram of the terminal block, the specification, model and trend of the cables led into the box and the cabinet and whether the terminal blocks of the box and the cabinet are correct should be carefully checked before wiring.

(2) And manufacturing the control cable terminal according to the requirements, straightening each core wire, sleeving a PVC number pipe, binding all the core wires with a nylon ribbon, and putting the core wires into a wire slot in a cabinet in order, wherein the binding is carried out once every 200 mm.

(3) The core wires are bent into the same radian and connected to corresponding terminals according to the figure, so that tight connection is ensured, a wire stripper is required to be used when the insulation of the core wires is stripped, and other tools are not required to be used so as not to damage the copper cores.

(4) After the secondary wiring in the cabinet is completed, the cable labels are orderly arranged, each nylon ribbon is tensioned, the redundant parts are cut off, the cabinet is cleaned up, and the cabinet door is closed

S104, detecting whether the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe are smooth or not by using a strip line rule, enabling a lead to pass through the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe, enabling the cable to be electrically connected with the lead, installing a lighting lamp, and connecting the cable with the lead, wherein the adjacent leads are connected by using a preset connection method.

Specifically, the band wire rule includes:

binding two ends of the cloth strip on the strip line firmly, and pulling the strip line back and forth by two persons to clean sundries in the dark steel pipe and the light steel pipe;

firstly bending one end of the strip line into an unsealed circle, then penetrating the strip line into the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe by using a threading device, and leaving 10 cm-15 cm of allowance at two ends of the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe;

When the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe are long or turn more, the belt line can be threaded together while the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe are laid.

A self-winding method or a binding method;

the self-winding method comprises the following steps: tightly winding the wire of the branch line on the wire of the trunk line for 3-5 circles, and then cutting off the residual wire;

the binding method comprises the following steps: firstly, filling a core wire with the same diameter in the overlapping position of the core wires of two leads, and using a cross section with the range of 1mm ² ～2mm ² The bare copper wire is tightly wound on the wire, and the winding length is 8-12 times of the diameter of the wire;

and respectively turning back the wire heads of the connected core wires, continuously winding the wound bare copper wires at the two ends for 5-6 circles, and then cutting off the redundant wire heads.

In application, (1) select a wire

The wires are selected according to the design rules. The wires for entering and exiting the home are preferably rubber insulated wires.

The colors of the phase line, the neutral line and the protection ground line are distinguished, the light blue wires are used as the neutral lines, and the wires with alternate yellow-green colors are used as the protection ground lines.

(2) Cleaning pipeline

The purpose of the cleaning pipeline is to remove dust, muddy water and other impurities in the pipeline.

The method for cleaning the pipeline comprises the following steps: the two ends of the cloth strip are firmly bound on the strip line, and two persons pull the strip line back and forth to clean sundries in the pipe.

(3) Threading wire

The purpose of the threading is to check whether the pipeline is smooth, and whether the trend of the pipeline and the positions of the box and the box meet the requirements of design and construction drawing.

The strip line is generally made of iron wires with phi of 1.2-2.0 mm. Firstly, bending one end of an iron wire into an unsealed circle, then penetrating a belt wire into a pipeline by using a threading device, and keeping 10-15 cm of allowance at two ends of the pipeline.

When the pipeline is longer or turns more, the belt lines can be threaded together while laying the pipeline.

When the threading is blocked, two iron wires are simultaneously stirred, so that the ends of the two iron wires are hooked and twisted together, and then the threading is pulled out.

The wall of the flame-retardant plastic corrugated pipe is corrugated, and the end of the belt line is bent into a round shape.

(4) Paying-off and wire breaking

(1) Paying off:

and checking the specification and the model of the wire according to the construction drawing before paying off. And during paying off, the wires are placed on a paying-off rack or a paying-off vehicle.

(2) Breaking wire: when cutting the wire, the reserved length of the wire should be considered as follows.

A. The reserved length of the wires in the junction box, the switch box, the bolt box and the lamp cap box is 30cm.

B. The reserved length of the wires in the distribution box is 1/2 of the circumference of the distribution box body.

C. The reserved length of the outgoing conductors should be 1.5m.

D. The utility trunk line may pass directly at the branch without cutting the conductor.

(5) Binding of wire and ribbon

When the number of the wires is small, for example, 2-3 wires, the insulating layer at the front end of the wires can be cut off, and then the wire core is directly inserted into the coil of the strip wire and folded back for compaction, so that the binding is firm. So that a smooth conical transition part is formed at the binding part.

When the number of the wires is large or the section of the wires is large, the insulating layer at the front end of the wires can be cut off, then the wire cores are obliquely arranged on the strip wires, and the wire cores are firmly wound and bound by the binding wires. The binding joint is formed into a smooth conical transition part, so that threading is facilitated.

(6) In-tube threading

Before threading, the steel pipe (wire tube) should be checked to see if the mouth of each pipe is clean, if it is missing or damaged, the protection mouth should be repaired and replaced.

When the pipeline is longer or turns more, a proper amount of talcum powder is blown into the pipeline during threading.

When two people thread, the two people should coordinate and pull and send one by one.

The following problems should be noted during threading:

A. the wires of the same ac circuit must be threaded into the same tube.

B. The wires of different loops, different voltages and alternating and direct currents must not penetrate into the same tube, except for the following cases:

A loop with a nominal voltage of 50V or less; a power loop of the same equipment or the same line equipment and a control loop without special anti-interference requirements; several loops of the same festive lantern; several loops of the same type of illumination, but the total number of wires in the tube should not be more than 8, and the total cross-sectional area of the wires in the tube including the insulating layer should not be more than 40% of the cross-sectional area in the tube.

C. The compensation device should be freely movable at the deformation joint of the lead. The wires should be left with some margin.

(7) Wire connection

A self-winding method or a binding method;

the self-winding method comprises the following steps: tightly winding the wire of the branch line on the wire of the trunk line for 3-5 circles, and then cutting off the residual wire;

the binding method comprises the following steps: firstly, filling a core wire with the same diameter in the overlapping position of the core wires of two leads, and using a core wire with the cross section ranging from 1mm2 to 2mm ² The bare copper wire is tightly wound on the wire, and the winding length is 8-12 times of the diameter of the wire;

and respectively turning back the wire heads of the connected core wires, continuously winding the wound bare copper wires at the two ends for 5-6 circles, and then cutting off the redundant wire heads.

The single-core copper wire is connected with a self-winding method and a binding method.

A. Self-winding method: is suitable for 4 mm ² And the following single core wires. Tightly winding the wire of the branch line on the trunk line for 5 circles, and cutting off the residual wire after winding is completed.

Binding method: filling a core wire with the same diameter in the overlapping position of the core wires of the two wires, and then using a core wire with the section of about 1.5mm ² The bare copper wires are tightly wound on the wire winding device, the winding length is about 10 times of the diameter of the wire, then the core wire heads of the connected wire are respectively folded back, and then the winding bare copper wires at the two ends are continuously wound for 5-6 circles and then the redundant wire heads are cut off.

(1) Embedded lamp installation

A. The embedded mounting lamp comprises a fluorescent lamp in a general lighting system, a down lamp, a fluorescent lamp in an emergency system, a part of corridor safety exit lamp and an emergency down lamp. The embedded fluorescent lamp uses phi 6 round steel as the suspender of the lamp. The step of installing the lighting lamp comprises the following steps:

as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the lighting fixture 12 is mounted to the roof using a recessed structure, wherein the recessed structure includes: install in the second pole setting 16 of roof, install in electric wire pipe fixing device 15 on pole setting 16, connect in furred ceiling 14 of second pole setting and install in the lamps and lanterns fixture 13 of furred ceiling 14, lamps and lanterns fixture 13 is connected with illumination lamps and lanterns 12, electric wire pipe fixing device 15 is connected with electric wire pipe 7, and electric wire pipe 7 is connected with ground clip 8, earth connection 9, first terminal box 10 and support 11.

The embedded fluorescent lamp is matched with the tuyere and the like, and is matched with each specialty.

When the lamp is arranged below the air pipe and the suspender of the lamp cannot be directly installed, an independent suspending bracket is arranged and cannot be directly fixed on the brackets such as the air pipe and the flange.

The fixture of the flush type down lamp is fixed on the decorative keel, if the weight of the down lamp exceeds 7kg, the down lamp is fixed by a phi 6 round steel suspender, and the ballast is separated from the body of the lamp and is required to be fixed independently.

The embedded structure further comprises: the ceiling lamp comprises a lamp hanging rod 22 and an air pipe hanging frame 20, wherein the lamp hanging rod 22 is connected with a ceiling 14, an air port 19 is arranged at the ceiling 14, a static pressure box 21 is connected with the air port 19, lamps 17 are arranged on two sides of the static pressure box 21, and a lamp shade 18 is arranged at the lamp 17.

(2) Wall mounted light fixture

A. The wall-mounted fluorescent lamp installed on the wall is fixed by adopting expansion bolts, a junction box is reserved at the position of the lamp, a power line is led in from the inside of the junction box through an opening at the bottom of the lamp, and the electric line is protected by a plastic sheath at the opening of the lamp.

B. The lamp is embedded in the wall, lamp holes are reserved in the structural construction stage, and the lamp is installed in the decoration construction stage.

(3) Ceiling lamp mounting

The ceiling lamp is mainly a fluorescent lamp, the ceiling fluorescent lamp is directly fixed on a top plate by adopting an expansion bolt phi 6 (a spring pad, a flat pad and a nut of the expansion bolt are complete), and when reserved, a junction box is arranged at the position of the fluorescent lamp, and a power line of the lamp is led out from the junction box.

(4) Special lamp installation

The lamp is installed in a hanging pipe mode. The lamp is provided with a special supporting and hanging frame, and the installation is firm and reliable. The wire enters the lighting fixture to be well insulated and protected, the wire core is not damaged, the connection is firm and tight, and a proper margin is reserved. Wherein the emergency lighting loop terminal junction box passes through the electrically flexible metal tube to a section of circuit of the lamp.

Lamp mounting height

The hanging height of the lamp is not lower than 2.5m, and the installation of equipment is avoided under the condition of ensuring the brightness. The suspended ceiling is embedded, and the suspended ceiling-free equipment room, the air duct and the air chamber are arranged, so that the wall mounting or hoisting of the lamp is considered. The installation height of the exit indicator lamp is 2.2-2.5 m from the ground, when the exit indicator lamp is installed above the door, the bottom edge is 0.1m from the door frame, the bottom edge of the wall-mounted evacuation indicator lamp is 0.5m from the ground, and the exit indicator lamp is embedded into the wall. The installation interval of the evacuation indicator lamps is not more than 10m.

Example two

As shown in fig. 5, in a second embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a lighting engineering construction method, the lighting engineering construction method provided in the second embodiment is different from the lighting engineering construction method provided in the first embodiment in that: comprising steps S201 to S201:

S201, dividing the distribution box into a floor distribution box and a wall-mounted distribution box according to the number of outgoing lines of the distribution box;

specifically, the distribution box with more partial outgoing lines and circuits has large weight, and in order to ensure the firm installation of the distribution box, the distribution box needs to be manufactured into a floor-mounted distribution box.

S202, the floor distribution boxes are mounted on the ground through a first mounting structure so as to ensure that the floor distribution boxes are isolated from the ground, and the wall-mounted distribution boxes are mounted on a wall through a second mounting structure so as to ensure that bottoms of a plurality of distribution boxes are flush;

as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the shear wall is provided with a distribution box 23 fixed by expansion bolts, the partition wall is provided with a distribution box which is fixed by a split screw 24, and the partition wall is provided with a distribution box which is fixed by a split screw. The floor distribution box is installed and is fixed by using channel steel 25 as a support, the support is installed and adjusted to be smooth before the cushion layer is formed, the top of the support is 4cm away from the surface of the cushion layer, and the floor distribution box is installed.

S303, perforating the distribution box according to the directions of the cable and the wire which enter and exit the distribution box, and connecting the cable and the wire with the distribution box.

Specifically, the edges of the holes are protected with rubber at the openings to prevent damage to the wires and cables. And opening holes in the top or bottom of the distribution box according to the directions of the wires entering and exiting the cable and the specification of the bridge frame. All the openings of the distribution box are protected by rubber to prevent damage to the wires and cables.

In conclusion, the maximum traction force born by the cable is calculated by utilizing a calculation formula, so that the range of the traction force required by the cable can be clearly known, and the cable is prevented from being too large when the cable is pulled, so that the cable can be protected from being pulled out, the cable is pulled up to a bridge by manpower through the cooperation of the traction force of the cable and a sliding part (pulley), the working efficiency is effectively improved, a plurality of stand columns and a plurality of supporting arms are regularly installed by tightening, the speed of installing the bridge is effectively improved, and the construction efficiency is improved.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The construction method of the lighting engineering is characterized by comprising the following steps:

embedding dark steel pipes, embedding the dark steel pipes at a distance which is not smaller than a first preset distance from the ground surface, installing a corresponding number of bright steel pipes in rows along the wall according to an installation rule, and communicating the bright steel pipes with the dark steel pipes;

installing a plurality of upright posts and a plurality of bracket arms by using a tightening rule to form a supporting structure, selecting a bridge frame with a corresponding size according to the bending size of a cable to be installed, and installing the bridge frame on the supporting structure, wherein the tightening rule comprises: four upright posts are installed, leveling is carried out by using a level bar and a plumb bob, a first nylon rope is utilized to tighten the two upright posts on the side plane close to the bridge, and a plurality of upright posts are sequentially installed along the first nylon rope at intervals of 1 m-2 m;

calculating the maximum traction force born by the cable by using a calculation formula, paving a plurality of sliding parts on the bridge, carrying the cable on the bridge by matching the sliding parts with the traction force, and fixing the cable on the bridge by using a fixing rule;

detecting whether the dark steel pipe and the light steel pipe are smooth or not by using a strip line rule, passing a wire through the dark steel pipe and the light steel pipe, electrically connecting the cable with the wire, installing a lighting lamp, and connecting the cable with the wire, wherein the adjacent wires are connected by using a preset connection method.

2. The lighting engineering construction method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

dividing the distribution box into a floor distribution box and a wall distribution box according to the number of outgoing lines of the distribution box;

the floor distribution boxes are arranged on the ground through a first mounting structure so as to ensure that the floor distribution boxes are isolated from the ground, and the wall-mounted distribution boxes are arranged on the wall through a second mounting structure so as to ensure that the bottoms of a plurality of distribution boxes are level;

and opening holes in the distribution box according to the directions of the cables and the wires entering and exiting the distribution box, and connecting the cables and the wires with the distribution box.

3. The lighting engineering construction method according to claim 2, wherein after the step of perforating the top or bottom of the distribution box, the method further comprises:

the edges of the holes are protected with rubber at the openings to prevent damage to the wires and cables.

4. The lighting engineering construction method according to claim 1, wherein the tightening rule further comprises:

the support arms are arranged at the two ends of the upright post, the support arms at the two ends are tightened by using a second nylon rope, and a plurality of other support arms are sequentially arranged along the second nylon rope at intervals ranging from 0.5m to 1 m.

5. The lighting engineering construction method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula includes:

F _{traction and pull} ＝F _{Sheet of paper} *n

F _{Traction and pull} Expressed as the traction of the cable, F _{Sheet of paper} Expressed as the maximum tension of the cable, n is expressed as a compliance coefficient, wherein the compliance coefficient is not greater than 0.8.

6. The lighting engineering construction method according to claim 1, wherein the fixed rule includes:

when the angle of the laid cable is larger than forty-five degrees, fixing the cable once every 1.5 m-2.5 m;

when the angle of the laid cable is smaller than forty-five degrees, fixing the cable once every 5 m-10 m;

when the laid cable is perpendicular to the bridge, the cable is fixed once every 0.01 m-1.5 m.

7. The lighting engineering construction method according to claim 1, wherein the bright steel pipe is passed through a compensation structure when passing through a deformation joint, the compensation structure comprising:

the plurality of first pole setting of installing in the roof, install in the terminal box of first pole setting, set up in metal collapsible tube between the terminal box, just metal collapsible tube set up with the below of movement joint.

8. The lighting engineering construction method according to claim 1, wherein the strip line rule includes:

binding two ends of the cloth strip on the strip line firmly, and pulling the strip line back and forth by two persons to clean sundries in the dark steel pipe and the light steel pipe;

firstly bending one end of the strip line into an unsealed circle, then penetrating the strip line into the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe by using a threading device, and leaving 10 cm-15 cm of allowance at two ends of the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe;

when the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe are long or turn more, the belt line can be threaded together while the dark steel pipe and the bright steel pipe are laid.

9. The lighting engineering construction method according to claim 1, wherein the preset connection method comprises: a self-winding method or a binding method;

the self-winding method comprises the following steps: tightly winding the wire of the branch line on the wire of the trunk line for 3-5 circles, and then cutting off the residual wire;

the binding method comprises the following steps: firstly, filling a core wire with the same diameter in the overlapping position of the core wires of two leads, and using a cross section with the range of 1mm ² ～2mm ² The bare copper wire is tightly wound on the wire, and the winding length is 8-12 times of the diameter of the wire;

And respectively turning back the wire heads of the connected core wires, continuously winding the wound bare copper wires at the two ends for 5-6 circles, and then cutting off the redundant wire heads.

10. The lighting construction method according to claim 1, wherein the step of installing the lighting fixture comprises:

the lighting fixture is mounted to the roof with an embedded structure, wherein the embedded structure comprises: install in the second pole setting of roof, install in electric wire pipe fixing device in the second pole setting, connect in the second pole setting furred ceiling and install in the lamps and lanterns fixture of furred ceiling, lamps and lanterns fixture connection has illumination lamps and lanterns.