CN116952019A - Falling film evaporator and use method and application thereof - Google Patents
Falling film evaporator and use method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116952019A CN116952019A CN202210419239.7A CN202210419239A CN116952019A CN 116952019 A CN116952019 A CN 116952019A CN 202210419239 A CN202210419239 A CN 202210419239A CN 116952019 A CN116952019 A CN 116952019A
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- film evaporator
- falling film
- tube
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- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
Abstract
The application discloses a falling film evaporator and a use method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: the steam distribution control device comprises an upper tube box, a shell side cylinder, a lower tube box, a tube bundle for communicating the upper tube box and the lower tube box, and at least one steam distribution control unit arranged outside the shell side cylinder; the steam distribution control unit comprises a steam main pipe and at least two steam branch pipes connected with the steam main pipe, wherein the steam branch pipes are connected with a steam inlet on the shell side cylinder; the steam distribution control unit can enable the steam distribution in the shell pass to be more uniform, improve the heated state of the tube bundle, avoid the occurrence of dry tube and scaling phenomena, improve the efficiency of the falling film evaporator and prolong the service cycle.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a falling film evaporator and a use method and application thereof.
Background
In petrochemical industry, salt production and environmental protection industry, a falling film evaporator is usually used in the concentration stage, feed liquid is added from an upper pipe box of the falling film evaporator, the feed liquid flows along the inner wall of each heat exchange pipe from top to bottom under the action of gravity, and in the flowing process, the feed liquid is heated and vaporized by a shell side heating medium, so that the concentration function is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventor discovers that the existing falling film evaporator generally adopts a single steam pipeline with larger diameter as a steam inlet on the shell side of the falling film evaporator, so that uneven heating of a heat exchange tube at the steam inlet of the falling film evaporator and a heat exchange tube at the back side is easily caused, the heat exchange tube near the inlet generates dry tube and scaling phenomenon excessively, and the efficiency of the heat exchange tube is reduced or failed. The phenomena of heat exchange tube drying and scaling can be gradually aggravated and diffused in the tube bundle, so that the efficiency of the whole falling film evaporator is finally reduced, the production requirements are difficult to meet, and even serious consequences of shutdown maintenance are caused.
The present application has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present application to provide a falling film evaporator, and a method of use and application thereof, which overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.
The embodiment of the application provides a falling film evaporator, which comprises: the steam distribution control device comprises an upper tube box, a shell side cylinder, a lower tube box, a tube bundle for communicating the upper tube box and the lower tube box, and at least one steam distribution control unit arranged outside the shell side cylinder;
the steam distribution control unit comprises a steam main pipe and at least two steam branch pipes connected with the steam main pipe, and the steam branch pipes are connected with steam inlets on the shell side cylinder body.
In some optional embodiments, the steam main pipe is annular, the steam branch pipes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the steam main pipe, the steam branch pipes are connected with the steam main pipe through branch pipe connectors, and steam flow regulating valves are arranged on the steam branch pipes to regulate the steam flow entering through the steam inlets.
In some alternative embodiments, the number of vapor manifolds is 2, 3, 4, 6, or 8.
In some alternative embodiments, the steam distribution control unit further comprises a pipe rack support member, wherein the lower end of the pipe rack support member is fixed outside the shell side cylinder body, and the upper end of the pipe rack support member is used for supporting and fixing the main steam pipe.
In some alternative embodiments, the falling film evaporator further comprises: a steam distribution tray;
the steam distribution plate comprises annular distribution plates and circular distribution plates which are alternately arranged along the tube bundle;
the annular distribution plate is an annular flat plate with a middle through hole, the annular flat plate is provided with a pipe penetrating hole corresponding to the position of part of the heat exchange pipe in the pipe bundle, and the annular distribution plate enables steam in the shell pass to pass through the middle through hole of the annular distribution plate;
the circular distribution plate is a circular flat plate, pipe penetrating holes corresponding to the positions of part of the heat exchange pipes in the pipe bundle are formed in the circular flat plate, and steam in the shell pass passes through the outer side of the circular distribution plate.
In some alternative embodiments, adjacent steam distribution discs are connected by a connecting piece, and the steam distribution disc at the top end is connected to an upper tube plate by a connecting piece, and the upper tube plate is positioned between the upper tube box and the shell side cylinder.
In some alternative embodiments, distance pipes are arranged between adjacent steam distribution plates, so that the intervals between the steam distribution plates are uniform.
In some alternative embodiments, the diameter of the central through hole of the annular distribution plate is not greater than the diameter of the circular distribution plate; and the pipe penetrating holes on the annular distribution plate and the pipe penetrating holes on the circular distribution plate are in clearance fit with the heat exchange pipes in the pipe bundle.
In some alternative embodiments, the steam distribution control units are disposed at a set distance apart along the shell side barrel axis.
In some alternative embodiments, the falling film evaporator further comprises:
the steam distribution rods are arranged on the tube bundles at the steam inlets connected with the steam branch pipes and fixed on the upper tube plate and the annular distribution plate at the top end.
In some alternative embodiments, the falling film evaporator further comprises:
the observation mirror is positioned on the side wall of the lower pipe box and is arranged corresponding to the direction of the steam branch pipe;
and the flushing device is arranged at one side of the observation mirror so as to spray liquid to the observation mirror to flush the observation mirror.
The embodiment of the application also provides a use method of the falling film evaporator, which comprises the following steps:
injecting a material to be concentrated from a liquid inlet of an upper tube box, wherein the material to be concentrated flows from top to bottom along the inner wall of a heat exchange tube in the tube bundle;
injecting steam from a steam inlet of a main steam pipe, and enabling the steam to enter the shell side cylinder body through a steam branch pipe so as to heat the materials to be concentrated in the tube bundle;
and the concentrated solution and the gas separated after the material to be concentrated flows through the tube bundle are respectively output from the outlet of the lower tube box.
In some alternative embodiments, after the steam is injected from the steam inlet of the main steam pipe, the water outlet condition of the lower part of the heat exchange pipe is observed through the observation mirror, and the opening degree of the steam flow control valve is adjusted according to the water outlet condition so as to adjust the steam flow entering from the steam inlet.
The embodiment of the application also provides application of the falling film evaporator in the evaporation and concentration process.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that at least:
according to the falling film evaporator provided by the embodiment of the application, the steam injected into the shell side space can be uniformly dispersed into the shell side space through the main steam pipe and the branch steam pipes in the steam distribution control unit, the steam distribution can be more uniform through arranging the multi-layer steam distribution control unit, the heated state of the tube bundle is improved, the tube bundle can be uniformly heated, the phenomena of heat exchange pipe trunk pipes and scaling on the inlet side caused by uneven steam distribution can be effectively reduced, the scaling rate of the heat exchange pipes is slowed down, the operation and service cycle of the falling film evaporator is prolonged, and the efficiency of the falling film evaporator is improved; and can reduce the vibration of the tube bundle generated in the running process of the equipment.
According to the falling film evaporator, the steam flow regulating valve is arranged on the steam branch pipe to control the steam flow control valve at the same side, so that the steam flow is regulated, the heated state of the tube bundle is further improved, and the phenomena of dry pipe and scaling are avoided; the lower pipe box is provided with an observation mirror, and the water outlet condition of the lower part of the heat exchange pipe is observed through the observation mirror, so that the liquid flowing state in the lower pipe box can be observed in real time, the flow of the corresponding side steam branch pipe is regulated according to the flow state of the bottom of the heat exchange pipe, real-time and interactive regulation is realized, and the running state of the falling film evaporator is improved in real time.
The secondary distribution of steam after entering the shell side space can be realized through the arrangement of the steam distribution rod and the steam distribution disc, so that the heat exchange tube is heated more uniformly, and the problem of nonuniform heat exchange tube heating in the prior art is further solved.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application. The objectives and other advantages of the application will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical scheme of the application is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the application and together with the embodiments of the application, serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a falling film evaporator according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a steam distribution control unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an annular distribution plate according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a circular distribution plate according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a down tube mirror and a flushing tube according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1000-upper tube box, 2000-steam distribution control unit, 3000-tube bundle, 4000-shell side cylinder, 5000-lower tube box, 6000-upper tube plate and 7000-lower tube plate;
1001-liquid inlet;
2001-pipe rack support, 2002-steam main, 2003-steam flow regulating valve, 2004-steam branch pipe;
3001-annular distribution plate, 3002-circular distribution plate, 3003-steam distribution rod;
5001-sight glass, 5002-flush tube, 5003-liquid outlet, 5004-gas outlet.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In order to solve the problems that the existing falling film evaporator is uneven in heat exchange tube heating and easy to generate dry tube and scaling phenomena, resulting in the reduction of the efficiency of the falling film evaporator, the embodiment of the application provides a falling film evaporator, the structure of which is shown in figure 1, comprising: the steam distribution control device comprises an upper tube box 1000, a shell side cylinder 4000, a lower tube box 5000, a tube bundle 3000 for communicating the upper tube box 1000 and the lower tube box 5000, and at least one steam distribution control unit 2000 arranged outside the shell side cylinder 4000; the steam distribution control unit 2000 includes a steam main 2002, at least two steam branch pipes 2004 connected to the steam main 2002, and the steam branch pipes 2004 are connected to steam inlets on the shell side cylinder 4000. The upper tube box 1000 of the falling film evaporator is provided with a liquid inlet 1001, and the lower tube box is provided with two outlets. The two outlets include a liquid outlet 5003 and a gas outlet 5004.
The falling film evaporator can be provided with a pipe support piece on a main steam pipe for steam distribution control units, and a steam flow control valve can be arranged on a steam branch pipe and connected with a steam inlet on a shell side cylinder; the tube bundles can be annularly arranged and are provided with steam distribution rods, circular steam distribution plates and annular steam distribution plates; the down tube box can comprise a plurality of observation mirrors and a flushing device; the water outlet condition of the lower part of the heat exchange tube can be observed through the observation mirror, the same-side steam flow control valve is controlled, the steam flow is regulated, the heated state of the tube bundle is improved, the occurrence of dry tubes and scaling phenomena is avoided, the efficiency of the falling film evaporator is improved, and the service period is prolonged.
In fig. 1, the structure of a falling film evaporator is shown by way of example only, and the structure shown by way of example with lines is shown only in the falling film evaporator, and the shape that has the structure and does not show the authenticity thereof is also a line shape. In the falling film evaporator, the upper tube box 1000, the tube bundle 3000, and the lower tube box 5000 form a tube side, and a shell side is formed in the shell side cylinder 4000.
In some alternative embodiments, in the falling film evaporator, the structure of the steam distribution control unit 2000 is shown in fig. 2, and the structure may include an annular main steam pipe 2002, a branch steam pipe 2004, a steam flow regulating valve 2003 on the branch steam pipe, a connection between the main steam pipe and the branch steam pipe, and so on. The main steam pipe 2002 has a main pipe inlet as a main inlet for steam to enter, and the steam enters the main steam pipe 2002 and then is dispersed into each steam branch pipe, and enters the shell side through the steam inlet connected with the steam branch pipe 2004.
In the falling film evaporator, the main steam pipe 2002 is installed outside the shell side cylinder 4000 and around the shell side cylinder 4000, and may be designed in different shapes, alternatively, the main steam pipe 2002 is annular, the branch steam pipes 2004 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main steam pipe 2002, the branch steam pipes 2004 are connected with the main steam pipe 2002 through branch pipe connectors, and the branch steam pipes 2004 are provided with steam flow regulating valves 2003 to regulate the flow of steam entering through the steam inlets. Wherein the manifold connection can be self-designed or standard piping connections can be used, for example, tee connections can be used to connect the steam manifold 2004 with the steam header 2002. The steam branch pipes can be uniformly distributed or unevenly distributed, and the uniform distribution is more beneficial to the uniform diffusion of steam in the shell side cylinder. The number of the steam branch pipes 2004 may be set as needed, and preferably, the number of the steam branch pipes 2004 is 2, 3, 4, 6, or 8. The steam flow of each branch pipe can be controlled by the steam flow regulating valve 2003.
The steam distribution control unit 2000 further includes a pipe rack support 2001, a lower end of the pipe rack support 2001 is fixed to an outside of the shell side cylinder 4000, and an upper end of the pipe rack support 2001 is used for supporting and fixing the steam main pipe 2002. The falling film evaporator can be axially arranged in a single layer or multiple layers along the shell side according to the scale of the falling film evaporator and the required steam quantity. When a plurality of steam distribution control units 2000 are provided, the plurality of steam distribution control units 2000 are disposed at intervals along the axis of the shell side cylinder 4000, and adjacent steam distribution control units 2000 may be disposed at intervals of a set distance. The steam distribution control units 2000 may be disposed at a position above the middle to facilitate the diffusion of steam, and may be disposed at equal intervals or unequal intervals from the upper end, each steam distribution control unit 2000 being supported by one pipe rack support 2001. The pipe rack support 2001 may include a plurality of support rods each having one end connected to the shell side cylinder 4000 and one end connected to the steam header 2002.
The falling film evaporator also comprises an upper tube plate 6000 and a lower tube plate 7000; the tube bundle 3000 is fixed to the shell-side cylinder 4000 by an upper tube plate 6000 and a lower tube plate 7000, the upper tube box 1000 is connected to the shell-side cylinder 4000 by the upper tube plate 6000, and the lower tube box 5000 is connected to the shell-side cylinder 4000 by the lower tube plate 7000. As shown in fig. 1, the upper tube sheet is located between the upper tube box 1000 and the shell side cylinder 4000, a liquid inlet 1001 is provided on the upper tube box 1000, and a film distributor is further provided in the upper tube box, and at least one layer, as exemplified by two layers, is provided between the liquid inlet 1001 and the upper tube sheet 6000, by which the liquid injected from the liquid inlet 1001 can be uniformly distributed and enter the respective heat exchange tubes in the tube bundle. The heat exchange tubes in the tube bundle are connected between the upper tube plate 6000 and the lower tube plate 7000, liquid can also flow downwards along each heat exchange tube to enter the lower tube box 5000, a liquid outlet 5003 and a gas outlet 5004 are arranged on the lower tube box 5000, and a cylinder outlet is also arranged below the shell side cylinder 4000 and can discharge steam condensate.
The falling film evaporator further comprises a plurality of steam distribution rods 3003 which are arranged on the tube bundle at the steam inlet where the steam branch pipes 2004 are connected and fixed on the upper tube plate 6000 and the annular distribution plate 3001 at the top end.
The falling film evaporator further comprises a steam distribution plate, wherein the steam distribution plate comprises annular distribution plates 3001 and circular distribution plates 3002 which are alternately arranged along the tube bundle 3000; as shown in fig. 3, the annular distribution plate 3001 is an annular flat plate with a middle through hole, and the annular flat plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to the position of part of the heat exchange tubes in the tube bundle, and the annular distribution plate 3001 enables steam in the shell pass to pass through the middle through hole of the annular distribution plate; as shown in fig. 4, the circular distribution plate 3002 is a circular flat plate provided with through holes corresponding to the positions of part of the heat exchange tubes in the tube bundle 3000, and the circular distribution plate 3002 allows steam in the shell pass to pass through the outer side of the circular distribution plate 3002. The steam distribution rods are arranged at the inlets of the steam branch pipes, a plurality of annular and circular steam distribution plates are axially arranged along the pipe bundles, so that steam is secondarily distributed in the pipe bundles and between the layers, the purposes of more uniform steam distribution and improved heat transfer effect are achieved.
The adjacent annular distribution plates 3001 and the adjacent circular distribution plates 3002 are connected through connecting pieces, the annular distribution plate 3001 or the circular distribution plate 3002 at the top end is connected to the upper tube plate 6000 through connecting pieces, and the annular distribution plate 3001 or the circular distribution plate 3002 at the bottom end is connected to the lower tube plate 7000 through connecting pieces. Distance pipes are arranged between the adjacent annular distribution plates 3001 and the circular distribution plates 3002, so that the annular distribution plates 3001 and the circular distribution plates 3002 are uniformly spaced.
The diameter of the middle through hole of the annular distribution plate 3001 is not larger than the diameter of the circular distribution plate 3002; the annular distribution plate 300 and the circular distribution plate 3002 are provided with a plurality of tube penetrating holes, and the positions of the tube penetrating holes are determined according to the positions of the heat exchange tubes in the tube bundle so as to facilitate the heat exchange tubes to pass through. The tube apertures on the annular distribution plate 3001 and the tube apertures on the circular distribution plate 3002 are in clearance fit with the heat exchange tubes in the tube bundle 3000.
The falling film evaporator further comprises an observation mirror 5001, which is located on the side wall of the lower tube box 5000 and is disposed corresponding to the position of the steam branch tube 2004. That is, the number and the direction of the observation mirrors which are the same as those of the steam branch pipes 2004 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the shell side cylinder 4000, so that the requirement of observing the outflow state of the liquid at the bottom of the heat exchange pipe in real time can be met, the steam flow regulating valves on the corresponding steam branch pipes are regulated according to the observation result, the steam amount which locally flows into the shell side is increased or reduced, and the heated state of the heat exchange pipe can be improved. The view mirror 5001 includes two fixed plates with holes in the middle and a light-transmitting plate between the fixed plates; the two fixing plates are connected by screws, one of which is fixed in a mounting hole on the side wall of the down tube box 5000. The light-transmitting plate may be a flat glass.
The falling film evaporator further comprises a flushing device 5002 arranged on one side of the observation mirror 5001 so as to spray liquid to the observation mirror to flush the observation mirror. Alternatively, the flushing device 5002 may be a flushing tube positioned on one side of the sight glass 5001 and positioned at one end within the down tube box 5000 to spray liquid to the sight glass 5001 to flush the sight glass 5001. As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a flushing pipe 5002 is disposed below the viewing mirror 5001, at least one flushing pipe 5002 may be disposed on each viewing mirror 5001, a flushing liquid may be injected into an end of the viewing mirror 5001 located outside the lower pipe box 5000, the flushing liquid is sprayed onto the viewing mirror 5001 from an end located inside the lower pipe box 5000 to flush the viewing mirror 5001, an end of the flushing pipe located inside the lower pipe box 5000 may have a certain curvature, and a bending angle may be adjusted according to the position designs of the viewing mirror 5001 and the flushing pipe 5002, so that the flushing liquid may be accurately sprayed onto the viewing mirror 5001.
The falling film evaporator provided by the embodiment of the application has a steam distribution control function, and mainly comprises a shell side steam distribution control unit, a steam distribution rod of a steam inlet and a plurality of layers of steam distribution plates axially arranged along a tube bundle. The falling film evaporator shell side steam distribution control unit takes an annular pipeline as a steam main pipe, a plurality of steam branch pipes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the annular main pipe, steam flow regulating valves are arranged on the steam branch pipes, the flow of the corresponding side steam branch pipes can be regulated according to the flow state of the bottom of the heat exchange pipe, and the tail ends of the steam branch pipes are connected with the falling film evaporator shell side cylinder. The steam distribution rods of the steam inlet are arranged on the tube bundles at the inlets of the branch tubes of the steam distribution control unit and are respectively connected with the upper tube plate and the adjacent steam distribution plate by fasteners. The steam distribution plates are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the tube bundle, the distance tubes are utilized to realize uniform distance, and the steam distribution plates are connected with the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate by means of connecting pieces. The falling film evaporator is provided with the sight glass and the flushing device which are the same with the branch pipes of the steam distribution control unit in number and direction in the circumferential direction of the lower pipe box. The steam distribution control unit can uniformly distribute steam along the circumferential direction of the shell side of the falling film evaporator, can effectively reduce the phenomena of inlet side heat exchange tube drying and scaling caused by uneven steam distribution, and reduces tube bundle vibration generated in the running process of equipment. The steam distribution control unit can be arranged in a single layer according to the scale of the falling film evaporator and the required steam quantity, and can also be arranged in multiple layers along the axial direction of the falling film evaporator. Each branch pipe of the steam distribution control unit has an independent adjusting function, and the water outlet state of the heat exchange pipe can be observed on line through a lower pipe box mirror to adjust the steam supply quantity of the corresponding branch pipe, so that the running state of the falling film evaporator is improved. The steam distribution rods and the steam distribution plates arranged on the tube bundle of the falling film evaporator can realize secondary distribution of shell side steam in the tube bundle and between layers, so that the heat exchange tubes are heated more uniformly. The falling film evaporator realizes the uniform distribution of heating steam on the shell side of the falling film evaporator by adopting an innovative structure, adjusts the steam flow on the supply side by an up-down linkage real-time observation function, solves the scaling problem of dry pipes or easily scaled water quality caused by water inlet fluctuation and uneven heating of heat exchange pipes, can effectively reduce the generation of the phenomenon of the partial dry pipes of the falling film evaporator, slows down the scaling rate of the heat exchange pipes, and prolongs the operation period of the falling film evaporator.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a use method of the falling film evaporator, which comprises the following steps: injecting a material to be concentrated from a liquid inlet of an upper tube box, wherein the material to be concentrated flows from top to bottom along the inner wall of a heat exchange tube in the tube bundle; injecting steam from a steam inlet of a main steam pipe, and enabling the steam to enter the shell side cylinder body through a steam branch pipe so as to heat the materials to be concentrated in the tube bundle; and the concentrated solution and the gas which are separated after the material to be concentrated flows through the tube bundle are respectively output from the outlet of the lower tube box. Optionally, after steam is injected from the steam inlet of the steam main pipe, the water outlet condition of the lower part of the heat exchange pipe is observed through the observation mirror, and the opening of the steam flow control valve is adjusted according to the water outlet condition so as to adjust the steam flow entering from the steam inlet.
In the use, wait to concentrate the material and get into from the entry of last tube box, by distributor evenly distributed to last tube sheet, the material forms the film along the heat transfer pipe inner wall and flows from top to bottom, heating steam gets into by the steam main pipe of vapour distribution control unit, get into the shell side barrel through the steam branch pipe and heat and wait to concentrate the material, wait to concentrate the material constantly by evaporation concentration when flowing through the heat exchange tube in the tube bank, observe the lower part water outlet condition of heat exchange tube through observing down the tube box sight glass, control homonymy steam flow control valve, adjust steam flow, improve the tube bank and be heated the state, avoid the emergence of drier and scale deposit phenomenon.
In the use, can observe the liquid flow state in the lower pipe case through the sight glass, confirm whether need adjust steam admission and need adjust the steam admission that steam branch pipe according to liquid flow state, adjust corresponding steam flow control valve and realize the adjustment to the steam admission of steam branch pipe, can close, open, increase, reduce the steam admission of steam branch pipe to make the steam volume that the corresponding side of shell side barrel got into obtain the adjustment.
When the observation mirror needs to be cleaned, the flushing liquid is injected into the flushing pipe for cleaning.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides an application of the falling film evaporator in the slurry evaporation and concentration process.
The falling film evaporator with the steam distribution control function provided by the application can be used for a concentration section in the fields of petrochemical industry, salt production, environmental protection and the like, and is particularly suitable for devices with easy scaling of tube side media, high operation elasticity requirement and long operation period in the fields. The falling film evaporator is provided with the steam distribution control unit, and steam can be uniformly distributed in the shell side of the falling film evaporator by uniformly arranging the steam branch pipes along the circumferential direction of the annular steam main pipe, so that the phenomena of local heat exchange pipe scaling and dry pipe phenomenon caused by uneven steam distribution can be effectively reduced, and the vibration of the pipe bundle in the running process of equipment is reduced; each branch pipe of the falling film evaporator has an independent adjusting function, the lower pipe box is provided with the sight glass and the flushing device, the real-time observation function is realized, the flow state of liquid at the bottom of the heat exchange pipe is observed through the sight glass arranged on the lower pipe box, the corresponding branch pipe steam supply amount is adjusted, and the running state of the falling film evaporator is improved. The steam distribution rod and the steam distribution plate arranged on the tube bundle of the falling film evaporator can realize secondary distribution of shell side steam in the tube bundle layers and among the layers, so that the heat exchange tubes are heated more uniformly, the running state of the falling film evaporator is improved, the purpose of improving the heat transfer effect is achieved, the occurrence of the phenomenon of local dry tubes of the falling film evaporator is effectively reduced, the scaling rate of the heat exchange tubes is slowed down, and the running period of the falling film evaporator is prolonged.
It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes disclosed are examples of exemplary approaches. Based on design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes may be rearranged without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
In the foregoing detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, application lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus the following claims are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of this application.
The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the aforementioned embodiments, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of various embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, as used in the specification or claims, the term "comprising" is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising," as interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or".
Claims (14)
1. A falling film evaporator, comprising: the steam distribution control device comprises an upper tube box, a shell side cylinder, a lower tube box, a tube bundle for communicating the upper tube box and the lower tube box, and at least one steam distribution control unit arranged outside the shell side cylinder;
the steam distribution control unit comprises a steam main pipe and at least two steam branch pipes connected with the steam main pipe, and the steam branch pipes are connected with steam inlets on the shell side cylinder body.
2. The falling film evaporator according to claim 1, wherein the main steam pipe is annular, the branch steam pipes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main steam pipe, the branch steam pipes are connected with the main steam pipe through branch pipe connectors, and steam flow regulating valves are arranged on the branch steam pipes to regulate the steam flow entering through the steam inlets.
3. The falling film evaporator according to claim 2, wherein the number of the vapor branch pipes is 2, 3, 4, 6 or 8.
4. The falling film evaporator according to claim 1, wherein the steam distribution control unit further comprises a pipe rack support member, the lower end of the pipe rack support member is fixed outside the shell side cylinder, and the upper end of the pipe rack support member is used for supporting and fixing the main steam pipe.
5. The falling film evaporator of claim 1, further comprising: a steam distribution tray;
the steam distribution plate comprises annular distribution plates and circular distribution plates which are alternately arranged along the tube bundle;
the annular distribution plate is an annular flat plate with a middle through hole, the annular flat plate is provided with a pipe penetrating hole corresponding to the position of part of the heat exchange pipe in the pipe bundle, and the annular distribution plate enables steam in the shell pass to pass through the middle through hole of the annular distribution plate;
the circular distribution plate is a circular flat plate, pipe penetrating holes corresponding to the positions of part of the heat exchange pipes in the pipe bundle are formed in the circular flat plate, and steam in the shell pass passes through the outer side of the circular distribution plate.
6. The falling film evaporator according to claim 5, wherein adjacent steam distribution plates are connected by a connecting member, and the steam distribution plate at the top end is connected to the upper tube plate by a connecting member; the upper tube plate is positioned between the upper tube box and the shell side cylinder.
7. The falling film evaporator according to claim 5, wherein distance tubes are provided between adjacent steam distribution plates so that the intervals between the steam distribution plates are uniform.
8. The falling film evaporator of claim 5, wherein the diameter of the central through holes of the annular distribution plate is no greater than the diameter of the circular distribution plate; and the pipe penetrating holes on the annular distribution plate and the pipe penetrating holes on the circular distribution plate are in clearance fit with the heat exchange pipes in the pipe bundle.
9. The falling film evaporator of claim 1, wherein the vapor distribution control units are disposed a set distance apart along the shell side cylinder axis.
10. The falling film evaporator of claim 1, further comprising:
the steam distribution rods are arranged on the tube bundles at the steam inlets connected with the steam branch pipes and fixed on the upper tube plate and the annular distribution plate at the top end.
11. The falling film evaporator of any one of claims 1-10, further comprising:
the observation mirror is positioned on the side wall of the lower pipe box and is arranged corresponding to the direction of the steam branch pipe;
and the flushing device is arranged at one side of the observation mirror so as to spray liquid to the observation mirror to flush the observation mirror.
12. A method of using the falling film evaporator of any one of claims 1-11, comprising:
injecting a material to be concentrated from a liquid inlet of an upper tube box, wherein the material to be concentrated flows from top to bottom along the inner wall of a heat exchange tube in the tube bundle;
injecting steam from a steam inlet of a main steam pipe, and enabling the steam to enter the shell side cylinder body through a steam branch pipe so as to heat the materials to be concentrated in the tube bundle;
and the concentrated solution and the gas separated after the material to be concentrated flows through the tube bundle are respectively output from the outlet of the lower tube box.
13. The method as recited in claim 12, further comprising:
after steam is injected from a steam inlet of the steam main pipe, the water outlet condition of the lower part of the heat exchange pipe is observed through an observation mirror, and the opening of the steam flow control valve is adjusted according to the water outlet condition so as to adjust the steam flow entering from the steam inlet.
14. Use of a falling film evaporator according to any of claims 1-11 in a process of evaporation concentration.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210419239.7A CN116952019A (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Falling film evaporator and use method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210419239.7A CN116952019A (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Falling film evaporator and use method and application thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116952019A true CN116952019A (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210419239.7A Pending CN116952019A (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Falling film evaporator and use method and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116952019A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-04-20 CN CN202210419239.7A patent/CN116952019A/en active Pending
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