CN110384942B - Detachable self-telescopic falling-film evaporator - Google Patents
Detachable self-telescopic falling-film evaporator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110384942B CN110384942B CN201810357620.9A CN201810357620A CN110384942B CN 110384942 B CN110384942 B CN 110384942B CN 201810357620 A CN201810357620 A CN 201810357620A CN 110384942 B CN110384942 B CN 110384942B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- shell
- flange
- outlet
- evaporator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000681094 Zingel asper Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000237983 Trochidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005039 chemical industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
Abstract
The invention discloses a detachable self-telescopic falling-film evaporator. The falling film evaporator includes: the top of the evaporator shell is provided with a shell pass inlet and a shell pass steam outlet, the bottom of the evaporator shell is provided with a tube pass inlet, and the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the evaporator shell are respectively provided with a tube pass outlet and a shell pass outlet; a lower tube plate is arranged on the inner side of the tube pass inlet; an upper tube plate is arranged on the inner side of the tube pass outlet; the distributor is positioned in the falling film evaporator and is connected with the shell side inlet; the tube bundle comprises a plurality of layers of spiral heat exchange tubes spirally wound on the periphery of the central cylinder, the tube bundle is positioned below the distributor, the lower end part of the tube bundle is connected with the lower tube plate, the middle spiral part of the tube bundle is suspended on the hanging bracket, and the upper end part of the tube bundle is connected with the upper tube plate after being bent; the hanger is secured to a wall within the evaporator housing. The falling film evaporator has good falling film evaporation effect, does not cause the problem of dry evaporation of the heat exchange tube, has the sealing effect of connecting the tube bundle and the tube plate, and is convenient to disassemble and easy to assemble.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a falling film evaporator, in particular to a detachable self-telescopic falling film evaporator.
Background
At present, a large number of evaporation operations exist in industrial production, particularly in the fields of chemical industry, pharmacy, papermaking, sewage treatment, seawater desalination and the like. In the current large-scale industrial production, the evaporation operation generally adopts an evaporation system consisting of a tubular falling film evaporator, and boiling evaporation heated by an indirect heat source is carried out by taking a high-temperature medium as a heat source. The tubular falling film evaporator mainly comprises a shell, a tube bundle, a tube plate, an end enclosure and the like, wherein the shell is mostly circular, the interior of the shell is provided with the parallel tube bundle, and two ends of the tube bundle are fixed on the tube plate. Two fluids for heat exchange in the tube shell evaporator, wherein one fluid flows in the tube, and the stroke of the fluid is called as tube pass; one type of flow outside the tube is referred to as the shell side. The tubular falling-film evaporator is divided into a vertical tube type falling-film evaporator and a horizontal tube type falling-film evaporator according to the structure.
The vertical tube type falling film evaporator is arranged along the longitudinal direction and comprises an evaporator shell, an upper tube box, a lower tube plate, an upper tube plate, a lower tube plate and a vertically arranged tube bundle which are welded into a whole, wherein the evaporator shell, the two tube plates and the tube bundle are usually welded into a whole, the shell pass is advanced, the outlet sets up on the shell, the tube side advances, the export sets up respectively at last lower tube case, divide into the cloth membrane room (or go up the tube case) at top through two upper and lower tube sheets in the shell, the separating chamber (or lower tube case) of bottom and lie in the heating chamber between cloth membrane room and the separating chamber, set up heating tube bank (a plurality of heating pipes constitute) along vertically in the heating chamber, the heating pipe is fixed mounting respectively from top to bottom on two upper and lower tube sheets, cloth membrane room is through heating pipe and separating chamber intercommunication, set up shell side inlet tube and shell side export on the conch wall of heating chamber, install distributor and cloth membrane ware in the cloth membrane room, set up steam outlet pipe and concentrate export on the conch wall of separating chamber. When the device works, the feed liquid entering the film distribution chamber is uniformly distributed to enter each heating pipe under the action of the distributor and the film distributor, and then flows from top to bottom in a uniform film shape under the action of gravity, vacuum induction and airflow. In the flowing process, the vapor is heated and vaporized by a heating medium in the shell pass, the generated vapor and the liquid phase enter a separation chamber of the evaporator together, the vapor and the liquid are fully separated, the vapor enters a condenser for condensation (single-effect operation) or enters a next-effect evaporator as the heating medium, so that the multi-effect operation is realized, and the liquid phase is discharged from the separation chamber.
However, the vertical tube type falling-film evaporator has the following disadvantages: (1) when the tube boxes at two ends of the vertical tube type falling-film evaporator are sealed and leaked, the tube plate and the tube bundle need to be integrally drawn out of the shell, and then all the end sockets and gaskets are replaced, so that the disassembly and assembly processes are complicated, and the maintenance time is long; (2) when the pipe bundle is in work, particularly in the starting stage, the pipe bundle expands with heat and contracts with cold to bring stress, so that the upper pipe plate and the lower pipe plate bear very large bolt tension, and the pipe plate materials are generally made of softer materials such as No. 10 and the like, so that the problems of bolt occlusion and difficulty in disassembly are easily caused; (3) the feed liquid enters the heating pipe from the top of the device, has larger kinetic energy, is easy to have strong collision with steam in the pipe and generates a large amount of foam; (4) the liquid has poor film forming effect on the inner wall of the tube, the thickness of the liquid film is not uniform enough, and the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator is low; (5) black liquor in the heating tube scales on the inner surface of the heat exchange tube and is annular scale which is more and more solid, the black liquor is not easy to fall off, the machine needs to be stopped for descaling when the scale is serious, and the scale is positioned in the tube and is difficult to clean, even the tube bundle is scrapped.
The horizontal tube type falling-film evaporator is generally arranged transversely and comprises a shell, a left tube box, a right tube box, a left tube plate, a right tube plate and a tube bundle which is horizontally arranged, wherein the shell, the left tube plate, the right tube plate and the tube bundle are welded into a whole; the bottom of the evaporation chamber corresponding to the shell is provided with a concentrated solution outlet, and the top of the tube plate at one side or the top of the evaporation chamber corresponding to the shell is provided with a steam outlet. When the heat exchange tube works, the feed liquid is added from the feed liquid pipe of the falling film evaporator, is uniformly distributed on each heat exchange tube through the liquid distribution device, and flows down along the outer surface of each heat exchange tube in a uniform film shape. In the flowing down process, the liquid phase is heated and vaporized by the heating medium in the heat exchange tube, the generated vapor is discharged from the vapor outlet, and the liquid phase is discharged from the concentrated liquid outlet.
However, the transverse tube type falling-film evaporator has the following disadvantages: (1) when the tube boxes at two ends of the transverse tube type falling-film evaporator are sealed and leaked, the tube plate and the tube bundle need to be integrally drawn out of the shell, and then all the seal heads and gaskets are replaced, so that the disassembly and assembly processes are complicated, and the maintenance time is long; (2) when the pipe bundle is in work, particularly in the starting stage, the pipe bundle expands with heat and contracts with cold to bring stress, so that the left pipe plate and the right pipe plate bear very large bolt tension, and the pipe plate materials are generally made of softer materials such as No. 10 and the like, so that the problems of bolt occlusion and difficulty in disassembly are easily caused; (3) the horizontal falling-film evaporator has the advantages that the feed liquid distribution is uneven, each heat exchange tube cannot participate in heat transfer, particularly, the heat exchange tube at the bottom is easy to dry and evaporate, the service life of the heat exchange tube is shortened, the heat transfer coefficient of the horizontal falling-film evaporator is low, and the working efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a detachable self-telescopic winding-tube falling-film evaporator. The falling film evaporator has a very good falling film evaporation effect, the problem of 'dry evaporation of heat exchange tubes' is avoided, the sealing effect of the connection between the tube bundle and the tube plate is better ensured, the problems of tube plate bolt occlusion and difficulty in disassembly are avoided, the disassembly is convenient, the assembly is easy, the tube plate and the tube bundle are not required to be integrally drawn out, and the sealing gasket can be replaced.
The invention provides a detachable self-telescopic falling-film evaporator, which comprises:
the top of the evaporator shell is provided with a shell pass inlet and a shell pass steam outlet; the bottom of the evaporator shell is provided with a tube pass inlet, and the inner side of the tube pass inlet is provided with a lower tube plate; the upper side wall of the evaporator shell is provided with a tube pass outlet, and the inner side of the tube pass outlet is provided with an upper tube plate; the lower side wall of the evaporator shell is provided with a shell pass outlet;
the distribution device is positioned in the falling film evaporator and is connected with the shell pass inlet;
the tube bundle comprises a plurality of layers of heat exchange tubes spirally wound on the periphery of the central cylinder, the tube bundle is positioned below the distributor, the lower end part of the tube bundle is connected with the lower tube plate, the middle spiral part of the tube bundle is suspended on the hanging bracket, and the upper end part of the tube bundle is connected with the upper tube plate after being bent;
a hanger secured to a wall of the evaporator housing.
Further, the hanger includes:
the support ring is fixed on the inner wall body of the evaporator shell;
one end of the supporting cross rod is fixed on the supporting ring, and the other end of the supporting cross rod is fixed at the upper end of the supporting vertical rod;
the supporting vertical rod is connected with the central cylinder;
the upper end of the hanging piece is connected with the supporting cross rod, and the middle spiral part of the spiral heat exchange tube is hung at the lower end of the hanging piece circle by circle.
Further, each layer of spiral heat exchange tube is provided with a plurality of hangers in a matching mode, and the number of hangers on each layer is preferably 3-6.
Further, the pendant includes peg and/or chaining to and the joint structure, the upper end of peg and/or chaining is fixed in support horizontal pole, the other end extends to the lower extreme, and is a plurality of the joint structure is arranged from peg upper portion downwards in proper order, the joint structure connects the spiral portion of spiral heat exchange tube in peg and/or chaining one by one.
Furthermore, a positioning center rod is connected to the upper side face of the lower tube plate, and the positioning center rod extends upwards into the center tube.
Further, a sleeve is arranged between the positioning center rod and the center cylinder.
Further, the evaporator shell comprises a seal head, an upper tube plate shell, an evaporator main shell and a tube box which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, and the seal head, the upper tube plate shell, the evaporator main shell and the tube box are preferably sequentially connected through flanges.
Further, the shell pass inlet is arranged at the upper part of the seal head; the head includes:
the first pipe connecting flange is arranged at the upper part of the seal head and is connected with the shell side inlet;
the distributing and sprinkling device connecting pipe is arranged in the end enclosure and is connected with the distributing and sprinkling device;
and the second pipe connecting flange is arranged on the upper part of the seal head and is communicated with the inside of the shell pass.
Further, the upper tube plate shell is provided with a plurality of tube pass outlets.
Further, an outlet inner flange and an outlet outer flange are arranged at the outlet of the tube pass,
the outlet outer flange is a neck flange, and the neck of the outlet outer flange is connected with the tube side outlet;
the outlet inner flange is arranged on the inner side of the neck opening of the outlet outer flange and is connected with the upper pipe plate and is matched and sealed.
Furthermore, an external thread pressing ring is arranged in the neck of the outlet outer flange, external threads are arranged on the periphery of the external thread pressing ring, internal threads are arranged on the neck of the outlet outer flange, the external thread pressing ring is in threaded connection with the neck of the outlet outer flange, and the external thread pressing ring, the outlet inner flange and the upper tube plate are sequentially connected through bolts.
Furthermore, the flange plate of the outlet outer flange is connected with a tube pass outlet cover plate, and the outer side of the tube pass outlet cover plate is connected with a third pipe connecting flange.
Further, a sealing gasket is arranged between the inner flange of the outlet and the upper tube plate.
Further, the tube box comprises an arc-shaped cover body and an inlet outer flange, the arc-shaped cover body covers the bottom of the evaporator main shell, the inlet outer flange is a flange with a neck, the inlet outer flange is arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped cover body, and an inlet inner flange is arranged on the inner side of a neck opening of the inlet outer flange;
the inlet inner flange is connected with the lower pipe plate and is matched and sealed.
Further, the flange passes through coupling assembling and is connected with lower tube sheet in the inlet, the downside of tube sheet is provided with annular convex part down, annular convex part is provided with a plurality of screw holes, the flange cover is established in the periphery of annular convex part in the import, the flange is located between tube sheet and the clamping ring in the import, coupling assembling includes nut, bolt and clamping ring, and the bolt passes the clamping ring and enters into the screw hole to connect clamping ring and annular convex part, make simultaneously clamping ring and annular convex part press from both sides tightly flange in the import.
Further, a sealing gasket is arranged between the inlet inner flange and the lower tube plate.
Furthermore, the flange plate of the inlet outer flange is connected with a tube side inlet cover plate, and the outer side of the tube side inlet cover plate is connected with a fifth pipe connecting flange.
Furthermore, the two adjacent layers of spiral heat exchange tubes are spirally wound in the opposite direction.
Further, the distributor is one or more of a disk shape, a concentric circle shape and a tree shape, and a plurality of spray heads are arranged at the lower end of the distributor.
Further, a shell side outlet is connected with a fourth pipe connecting flange.
Compared with the prior art, the falling film evaporator has the following advantages:
(1) according to the falling-film evaporator, the sprinkling device is arranged in the upper space of the falling-film evaporator, the lower part of the falling-film evaporator adopts the tube bundle wound by the plurality of layers of heat exchange tubes, so that the sprinkling device sprays feed liquid onto each layer of spiral heat exchange tubes, then the film is formed on the heat exchange tubes and flows downwards circle by circle, the film forming is more uniform in the circle-by-circle descending process, each layer of spiral heat exchange tubes and each circle of spiral heat exchange tubes can participate in the heat exchange process, the phenomenon of 'dry evaporation of the heat exchange tubes' of the bottom is avoided, and meanwhile, compared with straight tube type heat exchange tubes, the spiral heat exchange tubes can be increased in length in a set space, the heat exchange area is increased, and the evaporation effect is greatly improved. And moreover, because the steam has enough accommodating and escaping space, the spiral heat exchange tubes in each layer and in turn have the functions of guiding and blocking the feed liquid, and the problems of strong collision between the feed liquid and the steam and generation of a large amount of foam can be avoided.
(2) The tail ends of tube bundles of the existing falling-film evaporator are connected to the bottom or the left end and the right end of the evaporator, and then tube pass outlets are led out from the bottom or the left end and the right end of a shell. Because the total length of the heat exchange tube is increased by the spiral heat exchange tube, when the temperature difference between the upper end and the lower end of the heat exchange tube is larger, particularly at the initial start-up stage, the stress of expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold is increased sharply, the stress of the tube bundle on the tube plate is increased greatly, the sealing effect of the tube bundle and the tube plate connected is seriously influenced, and the problems that the tube plate is occluded by bolts and is difficult to disassemble are caused.
The upper end of the tube bundle is connected with the upper tube plate after being bent, the upper side wall (the upper tube plate shell) of the evaporator shell is provided with a tube pass outlet, and the middle spiral part of the tube bundle is hung by the hanging bracket, so that the tube bundle can freely expand in the radial direction and is relatively fixed in the vertical direction by adopting the bending structure and the hanging mode, the tube plate does not bear the stress of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the sealing effect of the connection between the tube bundle and the tube plate is better ensured, and the problems of tube plate bolt occlusion and difficult disassembly are avoided.
(3) According to the invention, the upper side surface of the lower tube plate is connected with the positioning central rod, the positioning central rod extends into the central cylinder, and the sleeve is arranged between the positioning central rod and the central cylinder, so that the central cylinder and the tube bundle can be prevented from shaking left and right, and the central cylinder can move up and down along the positioning central rod when expanding with heat and contracting with cold, and the central cylinder can be prevented from generating influence on the hanger due to thermal stress.
(4) The tube side outlet and the tube side inlet of the invention are both provided with an outer flange and an inner flange, the inner flange is arranged at the inner side of the neck part of the outer flange, the inner flange is connected with the tube plate and is matched and sealed, and the outer flange is further connected with the tube connecting flange, so that when the pressure intensity in the shell side is greater than the pressure intensity of the tube side, the tube plate automatically compresses the inner flange under the action of the pressure intensity in the shell side, and is matched with the inner flange to form sealing. Therefore, only initial pretightening force is needed, self-compaction sealing can be carried out through shell side pressure in operation, so that the falling film evaporator is suitable for low-pressure and high-pressure occasions, particularly under the high-pressure occasion, the self-compaction sealing effect is better, and the problems that the existing falling film evaporator is poor in pipe side inlet and pipe side outlet sealing and easy to leak are solved.
The tube side outlet and the tube side inlet are respectively provided with the outer flange and the inner flange and are connected with the tube plate through the connecting piece, so that the sealing gasket can be replaced without integrally drawing out the tube plate and the tube bundle in the disassembly process, the maintenance is convenient, the assembly is easy, and the cleaning of dirt between the tube bundles is convenient.
(5) According to the falling film evaporator, the end socket, the upper tube plate shell, the evaporator main shell and the tube box are sequentially connected through the flanges to form the evaporator shell, so that when problems occur, only part of the evaporator shell can be detached in a targeted manner, and the evaporator shell does not need to be integrally detached.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a falling film evaporator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hanger of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the hanger of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the hanger of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a hanger in another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the tube side outlet of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view at the tube-side inlet of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-end enclosure, 11-first pipe connection flange, 12-distributor pipe connection, 13-second pipe connection flange, 2-upper pipe plate shell, 21-outlet inner flange, 22-outlet outer flange, 23-upper pipe plate, 24-external thread press ring, 25-pipe pass outlet cover plate, 26-third pipe connection flange, 3-evaporator main shell, 31-fourth pipe connection flange, 4-pipe box, 41-inlet outer flange, 42-inlet inner flange, 43-arc cover body, 44-lower pipe plate, 441-annular convex part, 442-positioning, central rod 45-press ring, 46-pipe pass inlet cover plate, 47-fifth pipe connection flange, 5-hanger, 51-support ring, 52-support cross rod, 53-support vertical rod, 54-hanging piece, 541-hanging rod, 542-clamping groove, 55-diagonal brace, 6-tube bundle, 7-central tube, 71-sleeve and 8-distributing sprayer.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below by way of embodiments, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a detachable self-telescoping wound tube falling film evaporator, comprising: the top of the evaporator shell is provided with a shell pass inlet and a shell pass steam outlet; the bottom of the evaporator shell is provided with a tube pass inlet, and the inner side of the tube pass inlet is provided with a lower tube plate 44; the upper side wall of the evaporator shell is provided with a tube pass outlet, and the inner side of the tube pass outlet is provided with an upper tube plate 23; the lower side wall of the evaporator shell is provided with a shell pass outlet; the distributor 8 is positioned in the falling film evaporator and is connected with the shell side inlet; the tube bundle 6 comprises a plurality of layers of heat exchange tubes spirally wound on the periphery of the central barrel 7, the adjacent two layers of heat exchange tubes are spirally wound in the reverse direction, the tube bundle 6 is positioned below the distributor 8, the lower end part of the tube bundle 6 is connected with the lower tube plate 44, the middle spiral part of the tube bundle is suspended on the hanger 5, and the upper end part of the tube bundle 6 is connected with the upper tube plate 23 after being bent; and the hanging bracket 5 is fixed on the shell wall in the evaporator shell.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2-4, the hanger 5 includes a support ring 51, a support cross bar 52, a support vertical bar 53, and a plurality of hangers 54. The support ring 51 is fixed on the inner wall of the evaporator shell; one end of the supporting cross bar 52 is fixed on the supporting ring 51, and the other end is fixed on the upper end of the supporting vertical bar 53; the vertical support rods 53 are connected to the central tube 7. As shown in fig. 5, in order to enhance the structural strength of the hanger 5, a stay 55 is connected between the top of the support ring 51 and the top of the support vertical bar 53.
The side is connected with location well core rod 442 on lower tube sheet 44, location well core rod 442 upwards stretches into a center section of thick bamboo 7, and a center section of thick bamboo 7 forms the grafting structure with location well core rod 442 like this, not only can prevent to rock about a center section of thick bamboo and tube bank, and a center section of thick bamboo can follow location well core rod 442 and reciprocate when expend with heat and contract with cold in addition, prevents that a center section of thick bamboo thermal stress from producing the influence to the gallows, for better realization grafting connection and reciprocate, is provided with sleeve 71 between a location well core rod 442 and a center section of thick bamboo 7.
As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of hanging pieces 54 are arranged in a matching manner with the plurality of layers of spiral heat exchange tubes, and each layer of spiral heat exchange tube is hung by the plurality of hanging pieces 54 and can be 3-6. The upper end of the hanging piece 54 is connected with the supporting cross bar 52, and the lower end of the hanging piece 54 hangs the spiral part of the spiral heat exchange tube circle by circle. The hanging member 54 includes a hanging rod 541 and a clamping structure, the upper end of the hanging rod 541 is fixed to the supporting cross bar 52, and can be fixed by bolts, the other end extends to the lower end, a plurality of clamping structures are arranged from the upper portion of the hanging rod 541 downwards in sequence, and the spiral portion of the spiral heat exchange tube is connected to the hanging rod 541 circle by circle. The clamping structure is a clamping groove 542 formed by two metal sheets. As an alternative embodiment, a person skilled in the art can select other types of hanging members 54 according to the requirement of connection, for example, the hanging rod 541 can be replaced by a hanging chain, and the clamping structure can be a snap ring, a buckle, a ferrule, etc.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the evaporator shell comprises a head 1, an upper tube plate shell 2, an evaporator main shell 3 and a tube box 4 which are connected in sequence from bottom to top, and the head 1, the upper tube plate shell 2, the evaporator main shell 3 and the tube box 4 are preferably connected in sequence through flanges, so as to form the evaporator shell. The end socket 1 covers the upper tube plate shell 2 to form the top shell structure of the evaporator, and the tube box 4 covers the bottom of the evaporator main shell 3 to form the bottom shell structure of the evaporator. The top of head 1 is provided with shell side import and shell side steam outlet, goes up tube sheet shell 2 and is provided with one or more tube side export, preferably 2~4, and the lower lateral wall of the main casing 3 of evaporimeter is provided with one or two shell side exports, and the bottom of pipe case 4 is provided with one or two tube side imports.
The seal head 1 comprises a first pipe connecting flange 11, a distributor connecting pipe 12 and a second pipe connecting flange 13. The first pipe connecting flange 11 is arranged at the upper part of the seal head 1 and is connected with a shell pass inlet, the distributor connecting pipe 12 is arranged in the seal head 1 and is connected with the distributor 8, and the second pipe connecting flange 13 is arranged at the upper part of the seal head 1 and is connected with a shell pass steam outlet. The lower end of the distributing and sprinkling device 8 is provided with a plurality of spray heads, and the distributing and sprinkling device 8 can be in the form of a disk, a concentric circle, a tree and the like. It should be understood that other types of sprinklers can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the requirement of material liquid distribution, so as to achieve uniform distribution.
As shown in fig. 6, the upper tube sheet shell 2 is provided with one or more tube side outlets. An outlet inner flange 21 and an outlet outer flange 22 are arranged at the pipe pass outlet, the outlet outer flange 22 is a flange with a neck, and the neck of the outlet outer flange 22 is connected with the pipe pass outlet; the outlet inner flange 21 is arranged on the inner side of the neck opening of the outlet outer flange 22, and the outlet inner flange 21 is connected with the upper pipe plate 23 and is matched and sealed. The outlet inner flange 21 may be integrally formed with the outlet outer flange 22. As the changeable implementation mode, in order to facilitate the dismouting inner flange, and realize the sealed of inner flange and last tube sheet 23 better, be provided with external screw thread clamping ring 24 in the neck of export outer flange 22, there is the external screw thread in the periphery of external screw thread clamping ring 24, the neck of export outer flange 22 is provided with the internal thread, external screw thread clamping ring 24 and the neck threaded connection of export outer flange 22, the bolt passes and connects external screw thread clamping ring 24 in proper order, export inner flange 21, go up tube sheet 23, can connect through external screw thread clamping ring 24 and bolt like this, realize easy dismouting, improve sealed effect. Because export outer flange 22 bore is great, in order to make things convenient for the connecting tube, the ring flange of export outer flange 22 is connected with tube side export apron 25, and the outside of tube side apron is connected with third flange 26, through first flange and tube side export apron 25 like this, realizes exporting the indirect connection of outer flange 22 and pipeline. A gasket is arranged between the outlet inner flange 21 and the upper tube plate 23.
The lower side wall of the evaporator main housing 3 is provided with a shell side outlet, and the shell side outlet is connected with one or two fourth pipe connecting flanges 31. The spiral portion of the tube bundle is located within the evaporator main housing 3.
As shown in fig. 7, the tube box 4 includes an inlet outer flange 41 and an arc-shaped cover 43, the arc-shaped cover 43 covers the bottom of the evaporator main shell 3, the inlet outer flange 41 is a neck flange and is disposed at the bottom of the arc-shaped cover 43, and an inner flange 42 is disposed at the inner side of the neck opening of the inlet outer flange 41; the inlet flange 42 is connected to and cooperatively seals with the lower tube sheet 44. The inlet outer flange 41, the arc-shaped cover 43 and the inlet inner flange 42 may be integrally formed or may be connected by welding. The inlet inner flange 42 is connected with the lower tube plate 44 through a connecting assembly, an annular convex part 441 is arranged on the upper side face of the lower tube plate 44, the annular convex part 441 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, the inlet inner flange 42 is sleeved on the periphery of the annular convex part 441, the inlet inner flange 42 is located between the tube plate and the pressing ring 45, the connecting assembly comprises a nut, a bolt and the pressing ring 45, the bolt penetrates through the pressing ring 45 and enters the threaded holes, the pressing ring 45 and the annular convex part 441 are connected through the nut and the bolt, and meanwhile the pressing ring 45 and the annular convex part 441 clamp the inlet inner flange 42. A gasket is provided between the inlet inner flange 42 and the lower tube sheet 44. The flange of the inlet outer flange 41 is connected with a tube side inlet cover plate 46, and the outer side of the tube side inlet cover plate 46 is connected with a fifth pipe connecting flange 47.
When the film evaporator works, a heat source medium enters the tube bundle 6 from the fifth tube connecting flange 47 at the bottom and the tube side inlet, then carries out heat exchange in the spiral part of the tube bundle, and is discharged from the tube side outlet at the upper part and the third tube connecting flange 25. The feed liquid enters the distributor 8 through the first pipe connecting flange 11 and the distributor connecting pipe 12, then is sprayed out by a spray head of the distributor 8, sprayed liquid drops fall onto each layer of spiral heat exchange pipes, then forms a film on the outer surfaces of the spiral heat exchange pipes and drops downwards circle by circle, because the heat exchange pipes in the pipe bundle are arranged in a circle-by-circle crossed mode, the film forming is more uniform in the circle-by-circle descending process, meanwhile, heat exchange is carried out with a heat source medium in the spiral heat exchange pipes, the liquid film absorbs heat and evaporates, the concentrated liquid film flows into the bottom pipe box 4 along the spiral heat exchange pipes and then is discharged through a shell pass outlet, and vapor evaporated by the liquid film is discharged through the second pipe connecting flange 13 on the seal head 1.
Example 1
The falling film evaporator shown in figure 1 is adopted for falling film evaporation in the embodiment, and the falling film evaporator can be used in high-pressure occasions, and the shell side pressure is 3MPa, so that the effect is as follows: under the condition of the same internal volume of the falling-film evaporator, the evaporation capacity of the falling-film evaporator in unit time is 2-6 times that of the existing vertical tube type falling-film evaporator and 2-8 times that of the existing horizontal tube type falling-film evaporator, and the problem of dry evaporation of a heat exchange tube is not easy to occur during operation.
It should be noted that the various features described in the foregoing detailed description may be combined in any suitable manner and still fall within the scope of the invention disclosed. In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A detachable is from flexible falling film evaporator which characterized in that, it includes:
the top of the evaporator shell is provided with a shell pass inlet and a shell pass steam outlet; the bottom of the evaporator shell is provided with a tube pass inlet, and the inner side of the tube pass inlet is provided with a lower tube plate; the upper side wall of the evaporator shell is provided with a tube pass outlet, and the inner side of the tube pass outlet is provided with an upper tube plate; the lower side wall of the evaporator shell is provided with a shell pass outlet;
the evaporator shell comprises an end socket, an upper tube plate shell, an evaporator main shell and a tube box which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the evaporator comprises an evaporator main shell, a pipe box and a condenser, wherein the pipe box comprises an arc-shaped cover body and an inlet outer flange, the arc-shaped cover body covers the bottom of the evaporator main shell, the inlet outer flange is a necked flange, the inlet outer flange is arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped cover body, and an inlet inner flange is arranged on the inner side of a neck opening of the inlet outer flange; the inlet inner flange is connected with the lower pipe plate and is matched and sealed; the inlet inner flange is connected with the lower tube plate through a connecting assembly, an annular convex part is arranged on the lower side surface of the lower tube plate, the annular convex part is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, the inlet inner flange is sleeved on the periphery of the annular convex part and is positioned between the tube plate and the pressing ring, the connecting assembly comprises a nut, a bolt and a pressing ring, the bolt penetrates through the pressing ring and enters the threaded holes, so that the pressing ring and the annular convex part are connected, and meanwhile, the pressing ring and the annular convex part clamp the inlet inner flange;
the distribution device is positioned in the falling film evaporator and is connected with the shell pass inlet;
the tube bundle comprises a plurality of layers of spiral heat exchange tubes spirally wound on the periphery of the central cylinder, the tube bundle is positioned below the distributor, the lower end part of the tube bundle is connected with the lower tube plate, the middle spiral part of the tube bundle is suspended on the hanging bracket, and the upper end part of the tube bundle is connected with the upper tube plate after being bent; the upper side surface of the lower tube plate is connected with a positioning central rod, and the positioning central rod extends upwards into the central cylinder; a sleeve is arranged between the positioning central rod and the central cylinder;
a hanger secured to a wall of the evaporator housing.
2. The falling film evaporator of claim 1, wherein the hanger comprises:
the support ring is fixed on the inner wall body of the evaporator shell;
one end of the supporting cross rod is fixed on the supporting ring, and the other end of the supporting cross rod is fixed at the upper end of the supporting vertical rod;
the supporting vertical rod is connected with the central cylinder;
the upper end of the hanging piece is connected with the supporting cross rod, and the middle spiral part of the spiral heat exchange tube is hung at the lower end of the hanging piece circle by circle.
3. The falling film evaporator according to claim 2, wherein each layer of the spiral heat exchange tube is provided with a plurality of hanging pieces in a matching way, and the number of the hanging pieces is 3-6 per layer.
4. The falling film evaporator according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the hanging piece comprises a hanging rod and/or a hanging chain and clamping structures, the upper end of the hanging rod and/or the hanging chain is fixed to the supporting cross rod, the other end of the hanging rod and/or the hanging chain extends towards the lower end, the clamping structures are sequentially arranged downwards from the upper portion of the hanging rod, and the clamping structures connect the spiral portion of the spiral heat exchange tube to the hanging rod and/or the hanging chain one by one.
5. The falling film evaporator of claim 1, wherein the shell-side inlet is disposed at an upper portion of the head; the head includes:
the first pipe connecting flange is arranged at the upper part of the seal head and is connected with the shell side inlet;
the distributing and sprinkling device connecting pipe is arranged in the end enclosure and is connected with the distributing and sprinkling device;
and the second pipe connecting flange is arranged on the upper part of the seal head and is communicated with the inside of the shell pass.
6. The falling film evaporator of claim 1 or 5, wherein the upper tube sheet shell is provided with a plurality of the tube side outlets.
7. The falling film evaporator of claim 1, wherein the tube side outlet is provided with an inner outlet flange and an outer outlet flange,
the outlet outer flange is a neck flange, and the neck of the outlet outer flange is connected with the tube side outlet;
the outlet inner flange is arranged on the inner side of the neck opening of the outlet outer flange and is connected with the upper pipe plate and is matched and sealed.
8. The falling film evaporator according to claim 7, wherein an external thread pressing ring is arranged in a neck of the outlet outer flange, external threads are arranged on the periphery of the external thread pressing ring, internal threads are arranged on the neck of the outlet outer flange, the external thread pressing ring is in threaded connection with the neck of the outlet outer flange, and the external thread pressing ring, the outlet inner flange and the upper tube plate are sequentially connected through bolts.
9. The falling film evaporator of claim 7 or 8, wherein a tube side outlet cover plate is connected to the flange plate of the outlet outer flange, and a third connecting tube flange is connected to the outer side of the tube side outlet cover plate.
10. The falling film evaporator according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a seal is provided between the outlet inner flange and the upper tube sheet.
11. The falling film evaporator of claim 1, wherein a gasket is disposed between the inlet inner flange and the lower tube sheet.
12. The falling film evaporator of claim 1, wherein the flange of the inlet outer flange is connected with a tube side inlet cover plate, and a fifth pipe connecting flange is connected to the outer side of the tube side inlet cover plate.
13. The falling film evaporator as recited in claim 1 wherein adjacent two layers of the spiral heat exchange tubes are spirally wound in opposite directions.
14. The falling film evaporator according to claim 1, wherein the distributor is one or more of a disk shape, a concentric circle shape and a dendritic shape, and a plurality of spray heads are arranged at the lower end of the distributor.
15. The falling film evaporator of claim 1, wherein a fourth tube-receiving flange is connected to the shell-side outlet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810357620.9A CN110384942B (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Detachable self-telescopic falling-film evaporator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810357620.9A CN110384942B (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Detachable self-telescopic falling-film evaporator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110384942A CN110384942A (en) | 2019-10-29 |
| CN110384942B true CN110384942B (en) | 2021-08-31 |
Family
ID=68284090
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810357620.9A Active CN110384942B (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Detachable self-telescopic falling-film evaporator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110384942B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101852569A (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2010-10-06 | 清华大学 | Support fixed structure of spiral heat exchange tube |
| CN102538387A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-07-04 | 张周卫 | Liquefied natural gas (LNG) low temperature liquefied three-level refrigeration spiral wound tube type heat exchanger |
| CN103267434A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-28 | 山东豪迈机械制造有限公司 | Detachable spiral winding heat exchanger |
| CN103344139A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-10-09 | 山东豪迈机械制造有限公司 | Spiral winding pipe floating heat exchanger |
| CN105910458A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-31 | 大连亿斯德环境科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional efficient evaporating and heat exchanging system |
| CN106931805A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of new bifilar stream wrap-round tubular heat exchanger |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB525531A (en) * | 1938-05-06 | 1940-08-29 | Heinrich Koppers Ind Mij Naaml | Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers of the tubular type |
| US7427336B2 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2008-09-23 | Zanaqua Technologies, Inc. | Blade heat exchanger |
| CN204694119U (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-10-07 | 重庆业冠机械制造有限公司 | A kind of detachable screwed pipe coiled heat exchanger |
| CN204987953U (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2016-01-20 | 泉州市中天石油化工机械制造有限公司 | Floating head formula winding piping heat exchanger |
| CN206440170U (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2017-08-25 | 北京石油化工工程有限公司 | Single tube journey movable tube sheets heat exchanger |
| CN207123212U (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-03-20 | 兰州兰石重型装备股份有限公司 | A kind of barrier film heat exchanger structure |
-
2018
- 2018-04-20 CN CN201810357620.9A patent/CN110384942B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101852569A (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2010-10-06 | 清华大学 | Support fixed structure of spiral heat exchange tube |
| CN102538387A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-07-04 | 张周卫 | Liquefied natural gas (LNG) low temperature liquefied three-level refrigeration spiral wound tube type heat exchanger |
| CN103267434A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-28 | 山东豪迈机械制造有限公司 | Detachable spiral winding heat exchanger |
| CN103344139A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-10-09 | 山东豪迈机械制造有限公司 | Spiral winding pipe floating heat exchanger |
| CN105910458A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-31 | 大连亿斯德环境科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional efficient evaporating and heat exchanging system |
| CN106931805A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of new bifilar stream wrap-round tubular heat exchanger |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110384942A (en) | 2019-10-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106178557B (en) | A kind of vertical tube falling evaporator | |
| CN110384942B (en) | Detachable self-telescopic falling-film evaporator | |
| CN103884213A (en) | Corrosion-resistant shell and tube heat exchanger | |
| US20140165641A1 (en) | Distributor for evaporative condenser header or cooler header | |
| CN210980977U (en) | Energy-saving spraying device for motor-free water vector propulsion cooling tower | |
| CN215609392U (en) | Four-effect crystallization evaporator of coke-proof pipe | |
| CN207214872U (en) | Ethylene glycol product tower gives up pot | |
| CN102393152B (en) | Finned mixed flow type evaporative condenser and condensing coil thereof | |
| CN111760307A (en) | Environment-friendly tubular falling film evaporation system | |
| CN201787826U (en) | Coil heat exchanger | |
| KR102072087B1 (en) | A high-degree vacuum series condenser | |
| CN211782913U (en) | Heat exchanger | |
| CN208998603U (en) | Chloromethanes deep cooling movable tube sheets heat exchanger | |
| KR101723461B1 (en) | Double-pipe heat exchanger with airflow arrangement of gas and liquid | |
| CN107763900A (en) | A kind of compact shell and tube exchanger | |
| CN212482177U (en) | Novel high-temperature heat exchanger for ship | |
| CN216977598U (en) | Oil-water separation type heat exchanger with multiple filtering purifications | |
| CN108706669A (en) | A kind of no vapour source room temperature negative pressure sea water distillation plant | |
| CN214407072U (en) | Hydrofluoric acid heat exchanger | |
| CN211178060U (en) | Heat exchanger convenient to disassemble and assemble for oil temperature machine | |
| CN215756532U (en) | Multistage series evaporator | |
| CN215403201U (en) | Energy-saving multistage water injection system | |
| CN104623917B (en) | A kind of little temperature difference shell journey becomes the no baffle plate high-efficiency energy-saving evaporator in space | |
| CN214223831U (en) | Multi-medium heat exchanger convenient to disassemble and assemble | |
| CN208678399U (en) | A kind of tubular evaporator |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |