CN116951902A - 一种综合利用lng冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统 - Google Patents

一种综合利用lng冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116951902A
CN116951902A CN202210409540.XA CN202210409540A CN116951902A CN 116951902 A CN116951902 A CN 116951902A CN 202210409540 A CN202210409540 A CN 202210409540A CN 116951902 A CN116951902 A CN 116951902A
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China
Prior art keywords
pipeline
nitrogen
hydrogen liquefaction
precooling
air
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CN202210409540.XA
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English (en)
Inventor
李凤奇
李明
周鑫
刘海潇
张健
施政灼
杨子健
冯玉婷
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Sinopec Engineering Inc
Sinopec Engineering Group Co Ltd
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Sinopec Engineering Inc
Sinopec Engineering Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210409540.XA priority Critical patent/CN116951902A/zh
Publication of CN116951902A publication Critical patent/CN116951902A/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0005—Light or noble gases
    • F25J1/001—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
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    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
    • F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/62—Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/42—Integration in an installation using nitrogen, e.g. as utility gas, for inerting or purging purposes in IGCC, POX, GTL, PSA, float glass forming, incineration processes, for heat recovery or for enhanced oil recovery
    • F25J2260/44—Integration in an installation using nitrogen, e.g. as utility gas, for inerting or purging purposes in IGCC, POX, GTL, PSA, float glass forming, incineration processes, for heat recovery or for enhanced oil recovery using nitrogen for cooling purposes

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，涉及氮气循环制冷领域，该系统包括：氢液化预冷装置，氢液化预冷装置包括氢液化预冷冷箱和氢液化深冷冷箱，原料氢气管路依次穿过氢液化预冷冷箱和氢液化深冷冷箱，氢液化预冷冷箱101上连接有补充预冷冷剂管路，通过空气精馏单元内分离出的液氮或气液分离器分离出的液氮或主换热单元输出的液氮，进入氢液化预冷冷箱，为氢液化预冷冷箱提供冷量，进而，降低氢液化工艺中的原料氢气温度，完成原料氢气的预冷阶段，有效降低空气分离装置和氢液化装置功耗，同时节省制冷设备数量，降低设备投资，同时减小冷能损耗量，提高能量利用率。

Description

一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统
技术领域
本发明属于氮气循环制冷领域，更具体地，涉及一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统。
背景技术
随着世界能源体系逐渐由化石能源转向清洁能源，氢能因其能量密度高、无污染的优势而受到广泛关注。在氢能技术发展过程中，供应链的建立是重要组成部分，氢能的储运技术对氢能大规模利用必不可少。相比于气氢，液氢能量密度高，存储压力小，具有极大的运输优势，因此发展液氢制备技术对氢能技术发展具有重大意义。
随着氢能技术的推广，液氢技术逐渐受到重视，但是，在液氢生产工艺中，现有的技术冷能的消耗和设备投资都需要大量的资金投入，因此，高成本制约了液氢技术的推广。
发明内容
本发明的目的是是针对现有技术中存在的不足，提供一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，本发明通过空气精馏单元内分离出的液氮或气液分离器分离出的液氮或主换热单元输出的液氮，进入氢液化预冷冷箱，为氢液化预冷冷箱提供冷量，有效降低空气分离装置和氢液化装置功耗，同时节省制冷设备数量，解决了在液氢生产工艺中，现有的技术冷能的消耗和设备投资都需要大量的资金投入，因此，高成本制约了液氢技术的推广问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，该系统包括：
氢液化预冷装置，所述氢液化预冷装置包括氢液化预冷冷箱和氢液化深冷冷箱，原料氢气管路依次穿过所述氢液化预冷冷箱和所述氢液化深冷冷箱，所述氢液化预冷冷箱上连接有补充预冷冷剂管路；
空气分离装置，所述空气分离装置包括空气精馏塔、主换热单元、氮制冷单元和气液分离器，原料空气管路穿过所述主换热单元并与所述空气精馏塔连接，所述空气精馏塔上设置有第一液氮管路；
所述主换热单元的第一出口通过第一管路与所述氮制冷单元的第一入口连接，所述氮制冷单元的第一出口通过第二管路与所述气液分离器连接，所述气液分离器的液氮出口通过液氮支管路与所述主换热单元的第一入口连接，所述液氮支管路连接有第二液氮管路；
所述空气精馏塔的第一氮气管路穿过所述主换热单元并连接在所述第一管路上，所述空气精馏塔的第二氮气管路与所述主换热单元的第二入口连接，所述主换热单元的第二出口上连接有第三液氮管路；
所述第一液氮管路或所述第二液氮管路或所述第三液氮管路与所述氢液化深冷冷箱连接。
可选地，所述主换热单元包括空气预冷换热器、主换热器和产品换热器；
所述原料空气管路穿过所述空气预冷换热器和所述主换热器；
所述第一氮气管路穿过所述主换热器；
所述液氮支管路穿过所述产品换热器和主换热器并连接在所述第一管路上；
所述第二氮气管路穿过所述产品换热器并连接在第三液氮管路上。
可选地，所述氮制冷单元包括氮制冷换热器、多个氮气压缩机和外部冷剂管路；
所述外部冷剂管路穿过所述氮制冷换热器且与LNG接收站连接，所述外部冷剂管路用于输送LNG为氮制冷换热器提供冷量；
所述第一管路穿过所述氮制冷换热器与所述第二管路连接，多个所述氮气压缩机依次排开且连接在所述第一管路上，所述第一管路位于相邻的两所述氮气压缩机之间的部分穿过所述氮制冷换热器。
可选地，该系统还包括第一中间换热介质吸热管路和第二中间换热介质吸热管路，所述氮制冷单元还包括中间换热器；
所述外部冷剂管路和所述第二中间换热介质吸热管路均穿过中间换热器，所述第一中间换热介质吸热管路穿过所述空气预冷换热器，所述第一中间换热介质吸热管路的两端分别与第二中间换热介质吸热管路的两端连接。
可选地，所述气液分离器的气相出口连接有氮气支管路，所述氮气支管路穿过所述主换热器并连接在所述第一管路上。
可选地，所述第一液氮管路穿过所述氢液化深冷冷箱并连接在第二管路的出口，所述第一液氮管路且位于深冷氢液化深冷冷箱与第二管路之间的位置设有节流阀。
可选地，所述第二液氮管路穿过所述氢液化深冷冷箱并连接在第一氮气管路的入口。
可选地，所述第三液氮管路穿过所述氢液化深冷冷箱并连接在第二管路的出口，所述第一液氮管路且位于深冷氢液化深冷冷箱与第二管路之间的位置设有节流阀。
可选地，所述第二管路上连接有节流阀。
本发明提供一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，其有益效果在于：
1、该系统中，空气精馏塔上设置有第一液氮管路，液氮支管路连接有第二液氮管路，主换热单元的第二出口上连接有第三液氮管路，通过空气精馏单元内分离出的液氮或气液分离器分离出的液氮或主换热单元输出的液氮，进入氢液化预冷冷箱，为氢液化预冷冷箱提供冷量，进而，降低氢液化工艺中的原料氢气温度，完成原料氢气的预冷阶段，有效降低空气分离装置和氢液化装置功耗，同时节省制冷设备数量，降低设备投资，同时减小冷能损耗量，提高能量利用率。
2、该系统特别适合应用于LNG接收站，通过外部冷剂管路用于输送LNG为氮制冷换热器提供冷量，实现LNG冷能的回收利用，同时降低空气分离装置和氢液化装置运行成本，降低液氢生产成本，有利于氢液化技术的推广。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
通过结合附图对本发明示例性实施方式进行更详细的描述，本发明的上述以及其它目的、特征和优势将变得更加明显，其中，在本发明示例性实施方式中，相同的参考标号通常代表相同部件。
图1示出了根据本发明的实施例一的一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统的示意图。
图2示出了根据本发明的实施例二的一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统的示意图。
图3示出了根据本发明的实施例三的一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统的示意图。
图4示出了根据本发明的实施例一、二或三的一种主换热单元的示意图。
图5示出了根据本发明的实施例一、二或三的一种氮制冷单元的示意图。
附图标记说明：
101、氢液化预冷冷箱；102、氢液化深冷冷箱；103、空气精馏塔；104、主换热单元；105、氮制冷单元；106、气液分离单元；
201、空气预冷换热器；202、主换热器；203、产品换热器；204、中间换热器；205、氮制冷换热器；206、氮气压缩机；
401、第一氮气管路；402、原料空气管路；403、氮气支管路；404、液氮支管路；405、第一中间换热介质吸热管路；406、第二氮气管路；407、第一管路；408、外部冷剂管路；409、第二中间换热介质吸热管路；410、原料氢气管路；411、第三液氮管路；412、补充预冷冷剂管路；413、第一液氮管路；414、第二管路；415、第二液氮管路。
具体实施方式
下面将更详细地描述本发明的优选实施方式。虽然以下描述了本发明的优选实施方式，然而应该理解，可以以各种形式实现本发明而不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反，提供这些实施方式是为了使本发明更加透彻和完整，并且能够将本发明的范围完整地传达给本领域的技术人员。
实施例一
如图1、图4和图5所示，本发明提供一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，该系统包括：
氢液化预冷装置，氢液化预冷装置包括氢液化预冷冷箱101和氢液化深冷冷箱102，原料氢气管路410依次穿过氢液化预冷冷箱101和氢液化深冷冷箱102，氢液化预冷冷箱101上连接有补充预冷冷剂管路412；
空气分离装置，空气分离装置包括空气精馏塔103、主换热单元104、氮制冷单元105和气液分离器106，原料空气管路402穿过主换热单元104并与空气精馏塔103连接；
主换热单元104的第一出口通过第一管路407与氮制冷单元105的第一入口连接，氮制冷单元的第一出口通过第二管路414与气液分离器106连接，气液分离器106的液氮出口通过液氮支管路404与主换热单元104的第一入口连接，液氮支管路404连接有第二液氮管路415；
空气精馏塔103的第一氮气管路401穿过主换热单元104并连接在第一管路407上；
第二液氮管路415与氢液化深冷冷箱102连接；
第二液氮管路415穿过氢液化深冷冷箱102并连接在第一氮气管路401的入口。
具体的，氢液化预冷冷箱101用于为氢液化工艺中的原料氢气提供冷量，完成预冷阶段，空气精馏塔102用于完成空气的分离，主换热单元103用于为空气精馏塔102和原料空气提供冷量，氮制冷单元104用于完成氮的制冷，产生低温氮，气液分离器105用于完成氮气和液氮的分离；
在使用原料空气之前，原料空气需先经过净化处理，温度为25℃，原料空气经过了净化得到洁净空气，其中不含杂质、水蒸气等，同时，原料空气也经过压缩、水冷降温升压处理，进而，常温的原料空气经过净化、升压、水冷处理后，压力为0.8MPa(A)，温度为25℃；
第二液氮管路415置于氢液化深冷冷箱102中，第二液氮管路415入口与气液分离器106的液氮出口连通，用于输送来自气液分离器106的液氮，第二液氮管路415出口与第一氮气管路401的入口连通，液氮在氢液化深冷冷箱102中释放冷量，温度升至-163℃，继续作为制冷冷剂进入主换热单元104，补充预冷冷剂管路412置于氢液化预冷冷箱101中，输送LNG为氢液化预冷冷箱101提供冷量，LNG在补充预冷冷剂管路412入口的温度为-160℃，换热后温度为14℃；
原料氢气管路410同时置于氢液化预冷冷箱101和氢液化深冷冷箱102中，用于输送原料氢气，原料氢气在氢液化预冷冷箱101中吸收冷量后，温度降为-153℃，在氢液化深冷冷箱102中吸收冷量后，温度降为-193℃。
在本实施例中，主换热单元104包括空气预冷换热器201、主换热器202和产品换热器203；
原料空气管路402穿过空气预冷换热器201和主换热器202；
第一氮气管路401穿过主换热器202；
液氮支管路穿过产品换热器203和主换热器202并连接在第一管路407上。
具体的，原料空气管路402先后置于空气预冷换热器201和主换热器202之中，用于输送原料空气吸收冷量，最终与空气精馏塔103的原料空气入口连通，原料空气在空气预冷换热器201出口温度为-5℃，经过主换热器202温度后降为-171℃；
液氮支管路先后置于产品换热器203和主换热器202中，用于输送来自气液分离器106的液氮，液氮在产品换热器203和主换热器202中释放冷量；
第一氮气管路401为低压氮气管路，置于主换热器202中，用于输送来自空气精馏塔102的低温氮气，在主换热202中提供冷量。
在本实施例中，该系统还包括第一中间换热介质吸热管路405和第二中间换热介质吸热管路409，氮制冷单元105包括中间换热器204、氮制冷换热器205、多个氮气压缩机206和外部冷剂管路408；
外部冷剂管路408穿过氮制冷换热器205且与LNG接收站连接，外部冷剂管路408用于输送LNG为氮制冷换热器提供冷量；
第一管路407穿过氮制冷换热器205与第二管路414连接，多个氮气压缩机206依次排开且连接在第一管路407上，第一管路407位于相邻的两氮气压缩机206之间的部分穿过氮制冷换热器205；
外部冷剂管路408和第二中间换热介质吸热管路409均穿过中间换热器204，第一中间换热介质吸热管路405穿过空气预冷换热器201，第一中间换热介质吸热管路405的两端分别与第二中间换热介质吸热管路409的两端连接；
氮气压缩机206的数量为三个；
第二管路414上连接有节流阀。
具体的，外部冷剂管路408先后置于氮制冷换热器205和中间换热器204中，用以输送LNG，释放冷量，LNG在外部冷剂管路408入口温度为-160℃，经过氮制冷换热器205换热后，温度为-90℃，在外部冷剂管路408出口温度升高为10℃，可与天然气外输系统连通，将复热后的天然气外输；
根据物流流动方向，第一管路407先后置于第一级的氮气压缩机206、氮制冷换热器205、第二级的氮气压缩机206、氮制冷换热器205、第三级的氮气压缩机206、氮制冷换热器205，用于运输氮气先后经过三次增压和降温，在第一管路407入口，氮气温度为-10℃，压力为0.40MPa(A)，经增压降温后，温度为-158℃，压力为7.2MPa(A)，在第二管路414出口设置节流阀，经节流降压后，温度为-188℃；
第一中间换热介质吸热管路405与第二中间换热介质吸热管路409形成环管路，第二中间换热介质吸热管路409穿过中间换热器204，用于输送乙二醇吸收冷量，第一中间换热介质吸热管路405穿过空气预冷换热器201，用于输送乙二醇，使其释放冷量，降低原料空气的温度。
7、在本实施例中，气液分离器106的气相出口连接有氮气支管路403，氮气支管路403穿过主换热器202并连接在第一管路407上。
具体的，氮气支管路403置于主换热器202中，用于输送来自气液分离器105的低温氮气，在主换热202中提供冷量。
实施例二
如图2、图4和图5所示，实施例二与实施例一的区别在于：一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，该系统包括：
氢液化预冷装置，氢液化预冷装置包括氢液化预冷冷箱101和氢液化深冷冷箱102，原料氢气管路410依次穿过氢液化预冷冷箱101和氢液化深冷冷箱102，氢液化预冷冷箱101上连接有补充预冷冷剂管路412；
空气分离装置，空气分离装置包括空气精馏塔103、主换热单元104、氮制冷单元105和气液分离器106，原料空气管路402穿过主换热单元104并与空气精馏塔103连接，空气精馏塔103上设置有第一液氮管路413；
主换热单元104的第一出口通过第一管路407与氮制冷单元105的第一入口连接，氮制冷单元的第一出口通过第二管路414与气液分离器106连接，气液分离器106的液氮出口通过液氮支管路404与主换热单元104的第一入口连接。
空气精馏塔103的第一氮气管路401穿过主换热单元104并连接在第一管路407上；
第一液氮管路413与氢液化深冷冷箱102连接；
第一液氮管路413穿过氢液化深冷冷箱102并连接在第二管路414的出口，第一液氮管路413且位于深冷氢液化深冷冷箱102与第二管路414之间的位置设有节流阀。
具体的，第一液氮管路413入口与空气精馏塔102的液氮出口连通，用于输送液氮进入氢液化深冷冷箱102，为氢液化深冷冷箱102提供冷量，第一液氮管路413出口与第二管路414出口相连，在第一液氮管路413且位于深冷氢液化深冷冷箱102与第二管路414之间的位置设有节流阀，来自氢液化深冷冷箱102的低温氮经节流后进一步降低温度，进入气液分离器106后作为主换热单元104的制冷剂。
实施例三
如图3、图4和图5所示，实施例三与实施例一的区别在于：一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，该系统包括：
氢液化预冷装置，氢液化预冷装置包括氢液化预冷冷箱101和氢液化深冷冷箱102，原料氢气管路410依次穿过氢液化预冷冷箱101和氢液化深冷冷箱102，氢液化预冷冷箱101上连接有补充预冷冷剂管路412；
空气分离装置，空气分离装置包括空气精馏塔103、主换热单元104、氮制冷单元105和气液分离器106，原料空气管路402穿过主换热单元104并与空气精馏塔103连接；
主换热单元104的第一出口通过第一管路407与氮制冷单元105的第一入口连接，氮制冷单元的第一出口通过第二管路414与气液分离器106连接，气液分离器106的液氮出口通过液氮支管路404与主换热单元104的第一入口连接。
空气精馏塔103的第一氮气管路401穿过主换热单元104并连接在第一管路407上，空气精馏塔103的第二氮气管路406与主换热单元104的第二入口连接，主换热单元104的第二出口上连接有第三液氮管路411；
第三液氮管路411与氢液化深冷冷箱102连接；
第二氮气管路406穿过产品换热器203并连接在第三液氮管路411上；
第三液氮管路411穿过氢液化深冷冷箱102并连接在第二管路414的出口，第一液氮管路413且位于深冷氢液化深冷冷箱102与第二管路414之间的位置设有节流阀。
具体的，第二氮气管路406置于主换热单元103的产品换热器203中，吸收冷量后产生液氮进入第三液氮管路411，由于第三液氮管路411穿过氢液化深冷冷箱102，进而为深冷氢液化深冷冷箱102中提供冷量，第三液氮管路411出口与第二管路414出口相连，在第一液氮管路413且位于深冷氢液化深冷冷箱102与第二管路414之间的位置设有节流阀，来自深冷氢液化深冷冷箱102的低温氮经节流后进一步降低温度，进入气液分离器106后作为主换热单元104的制冷剂。
以上已经描述了本发明的各实施例，上述说明是示例性的，并非穷尽性的，并且也不限于所披露的各实施例。在不偏离所说明的各实施例的范围和精神的情况下，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说许多修改和变更都是显而易见的。

Claims (9)

1.一种综合利用LNG冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，其特征在于，该系统包括：
氢液化预冷装置，所述氢液化预冷装置包括氢液化预冷冷箱和氢液化深冷冷箱，原料氢气管路依次穿过所述氢液化预冷冷箱和所述氢液化深冷冷箱，所述氢液化预冷冷箱上连接有补充预冷冷剂管路；
空气分离装置，所述空气分离装置包括空气精馏塔、主换热单元、氮制冷单元和气液分离器，原料空气管路穿过所述主换热单元并与所述空气精馏塔连接，所述空气精馏塔上设置有第一液氮管路；
所述主换热单元的第一出口通过第一管路与所述氮制冷单元的第一入口连接，所述氮制冷单元的第一出口通过第二管路与所述气液分离器连接，所述气液分离器的液氮出口通过液氮支管路与所述主换热单元的第一入口连接，所述液氮支管路连接有第二液氮管路；
所述空气精馏塔的第一氮气管路穿过所述主换热单元并连接在所述第一管路上，所述空气精馏塔的第二氮气管路与所述主换热单元的第二入口连接，所述主换热单元的第二出口上连接有第三液氮管路；
所述第一液氮管路、所述第二液氮管路或所述第三液氮管路与所述氢液化深冷冷箱连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的综合利用液化天然气冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，其特征在于，所述主换热单元包括空气预冷换热器、主换热器和产品换热器；
所述原料空气管路穿过所述空气预冷换热器和所述主换热器；
所述第一氮气管路穿过所述主换热器；
所述液氮支管路穿过所述产品换热器和主换热器并连接在所述第一管路上；
所述第二氮气管路穿过所述产品换热器并连接在第三液氮管路上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的综合利用液化天然气冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，其特征在于，所述氮制冷单元包括氮制冷换热器、多个氮气压缩机和外部冷剂管路；
所述外部冷剂管路穿过所述氮制冷换热器且与LNG接收站连接，所述外部冷剂管路用于输送LNG为氮制冷换热器提供冷量；
所述第一管路穿过所述氮制冷换热器与所述第二管路连接，多个所述氮气压缩机依次排开且连接在所述第一管路上，所述第一管路位于相邻的两所述氮气压缩机之间的部分穿过所述氮制冷换热器。
4.根据权利要求2所述的综合利用液化天然气冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，该系统还包括第一中间换热介质吸热管路和第二中间换热介质吸热管路，所述氮制冷单元还包括中间换热器；
所述外部冷剂管路和所述第二中间换热介质吸热管路均穿过中间换热器，所述第一中间换热介质吸热管路穿过所述空气预冷换热器，所述第一中间换热介质吸热管路的两端分别与第二中间换热介质吸热管路的两端连接。
5.根据权利要求2所述的综合利用液化天然气冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，其特征在于，所述气液分离器的气相出口连接有氮气支管路，所述氮气支管路穿过所述主换热器并连接在所述第一管路上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的综合利用液化天然气冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，其特征在于，所述第一液氮管路穿过所述氢液化深冷冷箱并连接在第二管路的出口，所述第一液氮管路且位于深冷氢液化深冷冷箱与第二管路之间的位置设有节流阀。
7.根据权利要求1所述的综合利用液化天然气冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，其特征在于，所述第二液氮管路穿过所述氢液化深冷冷箱并连接在第一氮气管路的入口。
8.根据权利要求1所述的综合利用液化天然气冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，其特征在于，所述第三液氮管路穿过所述氢液化深冷冷箱并连接在第二管路的出口，所述第一液氮管路且位于深冷氢液化深冷冷箱与第二管路之间的位置设有节流阀。
9.根据权利要求1所述的综合利用液化天然气冷能的空分与氢液化预冷联合系统，其特征在于，所述第二管路上连接有节流阀。
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