CN116951537A - Control method and system of solar heat collection evaporator - Google Patents
Control method and system of solar heat collection evaporator Download PDFInfo
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- CN116951537A CN116951537A CN202310944964.0A CN202310944964A CN116951537A CN 116951537 A CN116951537 A CN 116951537A CN 202310944964 A CN202310944964 A CN 202310944964A CN 116951537 A CN116951537 A CN 116951537A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013486 operation strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/04—Other domestic- or space-heating systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
- F25B27/005—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in compression type systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/30—Thermophotovoltaic systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
- F24D2101/50—Thermophotovoltaic [TPV] modules
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a control method and a control system of a solar heat collection evaporator, which relate to the technical field of solar heat collection evaporators, and are characterized in that firstly, the data acquisition assembly is used for networking to acquire weather and illumination conditions of local corresponding time, the solar photovoltaic assembly is controlled to carry out photovoltaic power generation, the data acquisition assembly is used for monitoring solar radiation, environmental temperature and water initial temperature data of a water tank in real time, and different working modes are selected to be started: and a whole-course PVT heat pump mode, a whole-course heat pipe mode or a heat pipe first and then heat pump mode, and when the water temperature in the water tank reaches a preset value, controlling the system to stop. According to the invention, the PVT heat pump control system is optimized, and the heat supply quantity of the system is adjusted by controlling the opening and closing of the two groups of evaporation coil branches, so that the thermal environment requirement of a user is met, the coupling operation of the PVT evaporator and the air-cooled evaporator is realized, the solar clean renewable energy source is fully utilized for carrying out the cogeneration, and the purposes of energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent urban rails, in particular to a control method and a control system of a solar heat collection evaporator.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the demands of ordinary families on the living hot water are also larger and larger, and the specific gravity of the energy consumption of the living hot water is also continuously increased, so that the realization of efficient and energy-saving living hot water supply is a problem to be solved urgently.
Solar water heater is an effective means to address the domestic hot water demand of the family. The traditional solar water heater can meet the requirement of users for preparing domestic water by means of electric heating in overcast and rainy weather or in winter in weak solar radiation, but the energy efficiency of preparing domestic hot water by electric heating is far lower than that of preparing domestic hot water by using a heat pump.
The photovoltaic heat pump water heater is a photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated device combining a photovoltaic cell panel and a heat pump water heater. The solar energy heat pump system can simultaneously meet the requirements of photovoltaic power generation and photo-thermal production of domestic hot water in a limited area, and the heat pump system ensures that the system can produce the domestic hot water meeting the requirements all the year round.
When the solar cell panel absorbs solar radiation to generate electricity, only 10% -18% of energy is converted into electric energy, and the rest energy is converted into heat energy. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is inversely related to the temperature of the cell, and the photoelectric efficiency is reduced by about 0.4% when the temperature of the solar cell is increased by 1 ℃. In stronger sunlight, the temperature of the battery plate can easily reach 50-70 ℃, and if the heat is absorbed and the temperature of the battery plate is reduced, the power generation efficiency can be kept at a higher level.
Solar energy is a renewable energy source with uneven space-time distribution and great influence of weather. When the solar heat collector is used as a heat pump heat source, the solar radiation time is changed along with the change of the solar altitude angle and irregular shielding of cloud layers. The existing solar heat pump water heater system or photovoltaic heat pump system mostly adopts a fixed-frequency compressor or only sets the working frequency of the compressor operated at this time according to solar radiation and environmental temperature data before a unit is started. A system operating at a fixed frequency should be inadequate in terms of its ability to change the solar radiation environment. When the radiation is obviously enhanced, the system for constant-frequency operation is faster in water heating speed, but the photovoltaic cells are not cooled and operated in a shortened time, the operation frequency is not lowered by grasping favorable opportunity, and the net power generation amount of the system is reduced in the whole day. When the radiation is obviously weakened, the adjustment cannot be timely performed, and the water heating task cannot be completed in a specified running time. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a control method and system of a solar heat collecting evaporator to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method and a control system for a solar heat collection evaporator, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the control method of the solar heat collection evaporator comprises the following steps:
step one: firstly, acquiring weather and illumination conditions of local corresponding time through networking of a data acquisition component, then formulating illumination time of a solar photovoltaic component according to illumination data, setting starting time and a temperature threshold value of a system, simultaneously acquiring water temperature of a water tank, and determining time required for completing a water heating task on the same day;
step two: when the data acquisition component acquires solar radiation, the output control end controls the solar photovoltaic component to carry out photovoltaic power generation, and generated electric energy enters the storage battery to be stored;
step three: the data acquisition component monitors solar radiation, ambient temperature and water initial temperature data of the water tank in real time, and different working modes are selected to be started: a whole-course PVT heat pump mode, a whole-course heat pipe mode or a heat pipe first and heat pump second mode;
step four: when the water temperature in the water tank reaches a preset value, the system is controlled to stop.
Preferably, when the system is started, the method for selecting and starting different working modes is as follows:
a: determining the environmental condition and water temperature data of a water tank during starting;
b: if the illumination intensity is more than 800W/m 2 If the initial temperature of the water in the water tank is not higher than 7 ℃ of the ambient temperature, further judging, otherwise, starting the unit according to a whole-course heat pump mode;
c: if the previous step is met, starting the unit according to a whole-course heat pipe mode if the initial water temperature of the water tank is not less than the initial water temperature of the lowest water tank checked by the heat pipe operation strategy table and is a sunny day within the preset hot water preparing time length;
d: if any one of the requirements in the previous step is not met, the unit is started according to a heat pipe first and then heat pump mode.
Preferably, the method for switching the heat pipe mode to the heat pump mode comprises the following steps:
e: collecting environmental working condition and water temperature data of each period;
f: if the sun illumination intensity is more than 800W/m 2 And the water temperature is not higher than the ambient temperature by more than 7 ℃, the hot water is still prepared in the heat pipe mode, and if any one item is not satisfied at any time, the process is changed into the heat pump mode to continue the water heating process.
Preferably, the heat supply of the PVT heat pump assembly is as follows:
the daytime system singly adopts the air-cooled evaporation coil branch control end heat supply Q air Separately, singlyControl end heat supply Q adopting PVT evaporation coil branch PVT Simultaneously adopting two coil pipe branch control ends to supply heat Q air-PVT The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The night system singly adopts the air-cooled evaporation coil branch control end heating quantity Q' air Heating quantity Q 'of control end of PVT evaporation coil branch independently adopted' PVT Heating quantity Q 'of control ends of two coil pipe branches simultaneously' air-PVT The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The corresponding operating strategies in the database include employing an air-cooled evaporator coil leg alone, employing a PVT evaporator coil leg alone, and employing both a PVT evaporator coil leg and an air-cooled evaporator coil leg.
Preferably, the specific control process of the heat supply control method of the PVT heat pump assembly is as follows:
during daytime, the system monitors solar radiation illuminance S, outdoor temperature T and outdoor wind speed v parameters, data are transmitted to a data processing module through a data acquisition module, and the data processing module calculates building heat load Q according to indoor and outdoor environment conditions; in the operation mode selection process, the system firstly judges whether the solar radiation illuminance meets the requirement, then judges the relation between the heat load and the heat supply amount, and further determines the operation mode of the system; when the solar radiation illuminance S is smaller than the solar radiation illuminance set value S min When the building heat load Q is smaller than the heat supply set value Q air The system output control end controls the opening of an air-cooled evaporating coil branch, the branch works independently for building heat supply, and the refrigerant in the coil absorbs heat energy in the air to provide heat for the building; if the building heat load Q is greater than or equal to the heat supply set point Q air The system output control end simultaneously opens the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch, and the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch work simultaneously to provide heat for the building;
when the solar radiation illuminance S is greater than or equal to the solar radiation illuminance set value S min When the building heat load Q is smaller than the heat supply set value Q PVT The system output control end controls and opens a PVT evaporation coil branch, the branch works independently to supply heat for a building, the refrigerant in the coil absorbs solar energy and air heat energy to supply heat for the building, and meanwhile, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel can be used by the system; if the building thermal load Q is greater than or equal toHeating quantity set value Q PVT The system output control end simultaneously opens the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch, and the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch work simultaneously to provide heat for the building; at night, the system monitors outdoor temperature T, data are transmitted to a data processing module through a data acquisition module, and the data processing module calculates building heat load Q' according to indoor and outdoor environment conditions;
the solar radiation illuminance S ' is 0 at night, if the building heat load Q ' is smaller than the heat supply set value Q ' air The system output control end controls the opening of an air-cooled evaporating coil branch, the branch works independently for building heat supply, and the refrigerant in the coil absorbs heat energy in the air to provide heat for the building; if the building heat load Q 'is greater than or equal to the heat supply set point Q' air The system output control end can simultaneously open the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch, and the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch work simultaneously to supply heat for the building.
A control system for a solar heat collection evaporator, comprising:
the solar photovoltaic module comprises a solar heat collecting plate, a generator and a solar battery, and is used for converting solar energy into electric energy to be stored and used for supplying power to the system, and is simultaneously applied to water heating and connected with the PVT evaporator;
a PVT heat pump assembly comprising a water tank, a condenser, a compressor, an expansion valve, a PVT evaporator and an air-cooled evaporator for indoor refrigeration or heating,
the control device comprises an environment sensor group, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a database, an output control end and a data feedback module.
Preferably, the environmental sensor assembly comprises an outdoor temperature monitoring sensor, a wind speed monitoring sensor and a solar radiation monitoring sensor, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data acquired by the environmental sensor assembly, meanwhile, local weather data of a period of time in the future are acquired through networking, the data processing module is used for processing the collected data, the database is used for storing the collected and processed data, the output control end is used for analyzing and controlling the operation of the solar photovoltaic assembly and the PVT heat pump assembly through the processed data, and the data feedback module is used for executing feedback after the operation of the solar photovoltaic assembly and the PVT heat pump assembly.
Preferably, the data feedback module comprises a temperature monitoring end, a pressure monitoring end and a flow monitoring end, wherein the temperature monitoring end comprises an evaporation end, a condenser inlet and outlet air temperature monitoring end and a refrigerant temperature monitoring end; a refrigerant flow sensor is arranged at the inlet of the refrigerant coil, temperature and pressure sensors are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the refrigerant coil, an air flow sensor is arranged at the air inlet of the evaporation condenser, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet and the outlet of the evaporation condenser; the feedback monitoring end transmits the monitored temperature, pressure and flow to the data processing module through the data acquisition module, and the data processing module adjusts the system operation by analyzing whether the indoor side return air temperature meets the requirement of the user set temperature: if the heat supply quantity is not satisfied, the output control end can adjust the heat supply quantity of the system by adjusting the rotating speed of the fan, the opening of the expansion valve and the rotating speed of the compressor so as to satisfy the heat environment demands of users.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the PVT heat pump control system is optimized, and the heat supply quantity of the system is adjusted by controlling the opening and closing of the two groups of evaporation coil branches so as to meet the thermal environment requirements of users.
According to the invention, the solar photovoltaic module is arranged, photovoltaic power generation can be carried out while heat is supplied, so that the energy-saving effect is achieved, meanwhile, the phenomenon of evaporation condensation pressure reverse hanging of a simple heat pump mode in a starting stage under certain working conditions can be avoided by adopting a heat pipe mode or a mixed operation mode of a heat pipe and a heat pump, the energy consumption of a system can be saved, the dynamic adaptation to environmental parameter change is realized by adopting real-time variable frequency regulation, the operation energy consumption of the heat pump system is saved, the higher power generation efficiency of a photovoltaic cell can be ensured, and the task of heating water can be ensured to be completed when radiation is weaker.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system connection of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method selection according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a control method and a control system of a solar heat collection evaporator as shown in figures 1-3, wherein the control method comprises the following steps:
example 1
The control method of the solar heat collection evaporator comprises the following steps:
step one: firstly, acquiring weather and illumination conditions of local corresponding time through networking of a data acquisition component, then formulating illumination time of a solar photovoltaic component according to illumination data, setting starting time and a temperature threshold value of a system, simultaneously acquiring water temperature of a water tank, and determining time required for completing a water heating task on the same day;
step two: when the data acquisition component acquires solar radiation, the output control end controls the solar photovoltaic component to carry out photovoltaic power generation, and generated electric energy enters the storage battery to be stored;
step three: the data acquisition component monitors solar radiation, ambient temperature and water initial temperature data of the water tank in real time, and different working modes are selected to be started: a whole-course PVT heat pump mode, a whole-course heat pipe mode or a heat pipe first and heat pump second mode;
step four: when the water temperature in the water tank reaches a preset value, the system is controlled to stop.
Example 2
When the system is started, the method for selecting and starting different working modes is as follows:
a: determining the environmental condition and water temperature data of a water tank during starting;
b: if the illumination intensity is more than 800W/m 2 If the initial temperature of the water in the water tank is not higher than 7 ℃ of the ambient temperature, further judging, otherwise, starting the unit according to a whole-course heat pump mode;
c: if the previous step is met, starting the unit according to a whole-course heat pipe mode if the initial water temperature of the water tank is not less than the initial water temperature of the lowest water tank checked by the heat pipe operation strategy table and is a sunny day within the preset hot water preparing time length;
d: if any one of the requirements in the previous step is not met, the unit is started according to a heat pipe before heat pump mode
Example 3
The heat pipe mode switching heat pump mode timing method comprises the following steps:
e: collecting environmental working condition and water temperature data of each period;
f: if the sun illumination intensity is more than 800W/m 2 And the water temperature is not higher than the ambient temperature by more than 7 ℃, the hot water is still prepared in the heat pipe mode, and if any one item is not satisfied at any time, the process is changed into the heat pump mode to continue the water heating process.
Example 4
The heat supply of the PVT heat pump assembly comprises coil evaporation heat supply of a PVT evaporator and coil evaporation heat supply of an air-cooled evaporator, and the heat supply of the PVT heat pump assembly is as follows:
the daytime system singly adopts the air-cooled evaporation coil branch control end heat supply Q air The PVT evaporating coil branch control end heat supply Q is adopted singly PVT Simultaneously adopting two coil pipe branch control ends to supply heat Q air-PVT The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The night system singly adopts the air-cooled evaporation coil branch control end heating quantity Q' air Heating quantity Q 'of control end of PVT evaporation coil branch independently adopted' PVT Heating quantity Q 'of control ends of two coil pipe branches simultaneously' air-PVT The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The corresponding operating strategies in the database include employing air-cooled evaporation coil branches alone, employing PVT evaporation coil branches alone, and simultaneouslyA PVT evaporation coil leg and an air cooled evaporation coil leg are employed.
Example 5
The specific control process of the heat supply control method of the PVT heat pump assembly comprises the following steps:
during daytime, the system monitors solar radiation illuminance S, outdoor temperature T and outdoor wind speed v parameters, data are transmitted to a data processing module through a data acquisition module, and the data processing module calculates building heat load Q according to indoor and outdoor environment conditions; in the operation mode selection process, the system firstly judges whether the solar radiation illuminance meets the requirement, then judges the relation between the heat load and the heat supply amount, and further determines the operation mode of the system; when the solar radiation illuminance S is smaller than the solar radiation illuminance set value Smin, if the building heat load Q is smaller than the heat supply set value Q air The system output control end controls the opening of an air-cooled evaporating coil branch, the branch works independently for building heat supply, and the refrigerant in the coil absorbs heat energy in the air to provide heat for the building; if the building heat load Q is greater than or equal to the heat supply set point Q air The system output control end simultaneously opens the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch, and the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch work simultaneously to provide heat for the building;
when the solar radiation illuminance S is greater than or equal to the solar radiation illuminance set value Smin, if the building heat load Q is smaller than the heat supply set value Q PVT The system output control end controls and opens a PVT evaporation coil branch, the branch works independently to supply heat for a building, the refrigerant in the coil absorbs solar energy and air heat energy to supply heat for the building, and meanwhile, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel can be used by the system; if the building heat load Q is greater than or equal to the heat supply set point Q PVT The system output control end simultaneously opens the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch, and the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch work simultaneously to provide heat for the building; at night, the system monitors outdoor temperature T, data are transmitted to a data processing module through a data acquisition module, and the data processing module calculates building heat load Q' according to indoor and outdoor environment conditions;
the solar radiation illuminance S ' is 0 at night, if the building heat load Q ' is smaller than the heat supply set value Q ' air System inputThe outlet control end controls and opens an air-cooled evaporation coil branch, the branch works independently to supply heat for the building, and the refrigerant in the coil absorbs heat energy in the air to provide heat for the building; if the building heat load Q 'is greater than or equal to the heat supply set point Q' air The system output control end can simultaneously open the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch, and the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch work simultaneously to supply heat for the building.
Example 5
A control system for a solar heat collection evaporator, comprising:
the solar photovoltaic module comprises a solar heat collecting plate, a generator and a solar battery, and is used for converting solar energy into electric energy to be stored and used for supplying power to the system, and is simultaneously applied to water heating and connected with the PVT evaporator;
a PVT heat pump assembly comprising a water tank, a condenser, a compressor, an expansion valve, a PVT evaporator and an air-cooled evaporator for indoor refrigeration or heating,
the control device comprises an environment sensor group, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a database, an output control end and a data feedback module.
The environment sensor assembly comprises an outdoor temperature monitoring sensor, a wind speed monitoring sensor and a solar radiation monitoring sensor, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data acquired by the environment sensor assembly, meanwhile, local weather data of a period of time in the future are acquired through networking, the data processing module is used for processing the collected data, the database is used for storing the collected and processed data, the output control end is used for analyzing and controlling the operation of the solar photovoltaic assembly and the PVT heat pump assembly through the processed data, and the data feedback module is used for executing feedback after the operation of the solar photovoltaic assembly and the PVT heat pump assembly.
The data feedback module comprises a temperature monitoring end, a pressure monitoring end and a flow monitoring end, wherein the temperature monitoring end comprises an evaporation end, a condenser inlet and outlet air temperature monitoring end and a refrigerant temperature monitoring end; a refrigerant flow sensor is arranged at the inlet of the refrigerant coil, temperature and pressure sensors are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the refrigerant coil, an air flow sensor is arranged at the air inlet of the evaporation condenser, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet and the outlet of the evaporation condenser; the feedback monitoring end transmits the monitored temperature, pressure and flow to the data processing module through the data acquisition module, and the data processing module adjusts the system operation by analyzing whether the indoor side return air temperature meets the requirement of the user set temperature: if the heat supply quantity is not satisfied, the output control end can adjust the heat supply quantity of the system by adjusting the rotating speed of the fan, the opening of the expansion valve and the rotating speed of the compressor so as to satisfy the heat environment demands of users.
According to the invention, the solar photovoltaic module is arranged, photovoltaic power generation can be carried out while heat is supplied, so that the energy-saving effect is achieved, meanwhile, the phenomenon of evaporation condensation pressure reverse hanging of a simple heat pump mode in a starting stage under certain working conditions can be avoided by adopting a heat pipe mode or a mixed operation mode of a heat pipe and a heat pump, the energy consumption of a system can be saved, the dynamic adaptation to environmental parameter change is realized by adopting real-time variable frequency regulation, the operation energy consumption of the heat pump system is saved, the higher power generation efficiency of a photovoltaic cell can be ensured, and the task of heating water can be ensured to be completed when radiation is weaker.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The control method of the solar heat collection evaporator is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: firstly, acquiring weather and illumination conditions of local corresponding time through networking of a data acquisition component, then formulating illumination time of a solar photovoltaic component according to illumination data, setting starting time and a temperature threshold value of a system, simultaneously acquiring water temperature of a water tank, and determining time required for completing a water heating task on the same day;
step two: when the data acquisition component acquires solar radiation, the output control end controls the solar photovoltaic component to carry out photovoltaic power generation, and generated electric energy enters the storage battery to be stored;
step three: the data acquisition component monitors solar radiation, ambient temperature and water initial temperature data of the water tank in real time, and different working modes are selected to be started: a whole-course PVT heat pump mode, a whole-course heat pipe mode or a heat pipe first and heat pump second mode;
step four: when the water temperature in the water tank reaches a preset value, the system is controlled to stop.
2. The control method of a solar heat collecting evaporator according to claim 1, wherein: when the system is started, the method for selecting and starting different working modes is as follows:
a: determining the environmental condition and water temperature data of a water tank during starting;
b: if the illumination intensity is more than 800W/m 2 If the initial temperature of the water in the water tank is not higher than 7 ℃ of the ambient temperature, further judging, otherwise, starting the unit according to a whole-course heat pump mode;
c: if the previous step is met, starting the unit according to a whole-course heat pipe mode if the initial water temperature of the water tank is not less than the initial water temperature of the lowest water tank checked by the heat pipe operation strategy table and is a sunny day within the preset hot water preparing time length;
d: if any one of the requirements in the previous step is not met, the unit is started according to a heat pipe first and then heat pump mode.
3. The control method of a solar heat collecting evaporator according to claim 1, wherein: the heat pipe mode switching heat pump mode timing method comprises the following steps:
e: collecting environmental working condition and water temperature data of each period;
f: if the sun illumination intensity is more than 800W/m 2 And the water temperature is not higher than 7 ℃ of the ambient temperature, the hot pipe mode is still continued to prepare hot water, if any one of the water is not full at a timeAnd if the water is sufficient, the mode is changed into a heat pump mode to continue the water heating process.
4. The control method of a solar heat collecting evaporator according to claim 1, wherein: the heat supply of the PVT heat pump assembly comprises coil evaporation heat supply of a PVT evaporator and coil evaporation heat supply of an air-cooled evaporator.
5. A control method of a solar heat collecting evaporator according to claim 1, wherein the heat supply amount of the PVT heat pump assembly is as follows:
the daytime system singly adopts the air-cooled evaporation coil branch control end heat supply Q air The PVT evaporating coil branch control end heat supply Q is adopted singly PVT Simultaneously adopting two coil pipe branch control ends to supply heat Q air-PVT The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The night system singly adopts the air-cooled evaporation coil branch control end heating quantity Q' air Heating quantity Q 'of control end of PVT evaporation coil branch independently adopted' PVT Heating quantity Q 'of control ends of two coil pipe branches simultaneously' air-PVT The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The corresponding operating strategies in the database include employing an air-cooled evaporator coil leg alone, employing a PVT evaporator coil leg alone, and employing both a PVT evaporator coil leg and an air-cooled evaporator coil leg.
6. The control method of a solar heat collection evaporator according to claim 1, wherein the specific control process of the heat supply control method of the PVT heat pump assembly is as follows:
during daytime, the system monitors solar radiation illuminance S, outdoor temperature T and outdoor wind speed v parameters, data are transmitted to a data processing module through a data acquisition module, and the data processing module calculates building heat load Q according to indoor and outdoor environment conditions; in the operation mode selection process, the system firstly judges whether the solar radiation illuminance meets the requirement, then judges the relation between the heat load and the heat supply amount, and further determines the operation mode of the system; when the solar radiation illuminance S is smaller than the solar radiation illuminance set value Smin, if the building heat load Q is smaller than the heat supply amountSet value Q air The system output control end controls the opening of an air-cooled evaporating coil branch, the branch works independently for building heat supply, and the refrigerant in the coil absorbs heat energy in the air to provide heat for the building; if the building heat load Q is greater than or equal to the heat supply set point Q air The system output control end simultaneously opens the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch, and the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch work simultaneously to provide heat for the building;
when the solar radiation illuminance S is greater than or equal to the solar radiation illuminance set value Smin, if the building heat load Q is smaller than the heat supply set value Q PVT The system output control end controls and opens a PVT evaporation coil branch, the branch works independently to supply heat for a building, the refrigerant in the coil absorbs solar energy and air heat energy to supply heat for the building, and meanwhile, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel can be used by the system; if the building heat load Q is greater than or equal to the heat supply set point Q PVT The system output control end simultaneously opens the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch, and the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch work simultaneously to provide heat for the building; at night, the system monitors outdoor temperature T, data are transmitted to a data processing module through a data acquisition module, and the data processing module calculates building heat load Q' according to indoor and outdoor environment conditions;
the solar radiation illuminance S ' is 0 at night, if the building heat load Q ' is smaller than the heat supply set value Q ' air The system output control end controls the opening of an air-cooled evaporating coil branch, the branch works independently for building heat supply, and the refrigerant in the coil absorbs heat energy in the air to provide heat for the building; if the building heat load Q 'is greater than or equal to the heat supply set point Q' air The system output control end can simultaneously open the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch, and the PVT evaporation coil branch and the air-cooled evaporation coil branch work simultaneously to supply heat for the building.
7. A control system for a solar heat collecting evaporator, applied to a control method for a solar heat collecting evaporator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
the solar photovoltaic module comprises a solar heat collecting plate, a generator and a solar battery, and is used for converting solar energy into electric energy to be stored and used for supplying power to the system, and is simultaneously applied to water heating and connected with the PVT evaporator;
a PVT heat pump assembly comprising a water tank, a condenser, a compressor, an expansion valve, a PVT evaporator and an air-cooled evaporator for indoor refrigeration or heating,
the control device comprises an environment sensor group, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a database, an output control end and a data feedback module.
8. A control system for a solar heat collection evaporator according to claim 6, wherein: the environment sensor assembly comprises an outdoor temperature monitoring sensor, a wind speed monitoring sensor and a solar radiation monitoring sensor, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data acquired by the environment sensor assembly, meanwhile, local weather data of a period of time in the future are acquired through networking, the data processing module is used for processing the collected data, the database is used for storing the collected and processed data, the output control end is used for analyzing and controlling the operation of the solar photovoltaic assembly and the PVT heat pump assembly through the processed data, and the data feedback module is used for executing feedback after the operation of the solar photovoltaic assembly and the PVT heat pump assembly.
9. A control system for a solar heat collection evaporator according to claim 6, wherein: the data feedback module comprises a temperature monitoring end, a pressure monitoring end and a flow monitoring end, wherein the temperature monitoring end comprises an evaporation end, a condenser inlet and outlet air temperature monitoring end and a refrigerant temperature monitoring end; a refrigerant flow sensor is arranged at the inlet of the refrigerant coil, temperature and pressure sensors are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the refrigerant coil, an air flow sensor is arranged at the air inlet of the evaporation condenser, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet and the outlet of the evaporation condenser; the feedback monitoring end transmits the monitored temperature, pressure and flow to the data processing module through the data acquisition module, and the data processing module adjusts the system operation by analyzing whether the indoor side return air temperature meets the requirement of the user set temperature: if the heat supply quantity is not satisfied, the output control end can adjust the heat supply quantity of the system by adjusting the rotating speed of the fan, the opening of the expansion valve and the rotating speed of the compressor so as to satisfy the heat environment demands of users.
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