CN116950701A - Rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device - Google Patents
Rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116950701A CN116950701A CN202310505678.4A CN202310505678A CN116950701A CN 116950701 A CN116950701 A CN 116950701A CN 202310505678 A CN202310505678 A CN 202310505678A CN 116950701 A CN116950701 A CN 116950701A
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/02—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection having means for indicating tension
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/0046—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts formed by a plurality of elements arranged longitudinally
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated monitoring device for rock-soil anchoring measurement, which comprises an anchor rod main body and a monitoring assembly, wherein the anchor rod main body comprises a plurality of expansion sections, a non-expansion section is arranged between two adjacent expansion sections, the expansion sections are detachably connected with the non-expansion sections, each expansion section comprises at least one expansion structure, each expansion structure is provided with a connecting part and an anchoring part, the diameter of each anchoring part is larger than that of the connecting part, and the diameter of each connecting part is larger than or equal to that of each non-expansion section; the monitoring assembly comprises a stress monitoring unit, a pressure monitoring unit and a wired data transmission unit, wherein the stress monitoring unit is electrically connected with the wired data transmission unit, the stress monitoring unit comprises a demodulator and a plurality of first fiber grating sensors, the plurality of first fiber grating sensors are arranged on the anchor rod main body along the length direction at intervals, the pressure monitoring unit is electrically connected with the wired data transmission unit, the pressure monitoring unit is provided with a plurality of pressure monitoring units, and the plurality of pressure monitoring units are arranged on the anchor rod main body along the length direction at intervals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock-soil anchoring support, in particular to an integrated monitoring device for rock-soil anchoring measurement.
Background
As the demand for mineral resources from various industries continues to increase, the exploitation of mineral resources gradually progresses to deep, requiring coping with more complex deep geological conditions and more severe surrounding rock deformation conditions. The deep surrounding rock has the characteristics of high ground stress, high ground temperature, high osmotic pressure, strong mining disturbance and the like, is extremely easy to be influenced by the mining disturbance in the engineering construction process, and further generates rock mass fragmentation and large deformation of the surrounding rock, thereby seriously threatening the life safety of personnel and the construction safety of engineering. Meanwhile, in order to safely develop engineering construction, the deformation of the surrounding rock needs to be measured continuously and timely in the construction process. In the related production, most projects are also based on the traditional manual measurement mode for measuring the deformation of surrounding rock, and the defects of large error, large environmental influence, difficulty in real-time measurement and the like exist.
Therefore, strengthening the effective support of the rock mass and timely monitoring the deformation of surrounding rock are key problems to be solved urgently in deep engineering construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one of the technical problems, the invention provides an integrated monitoring device for rock-soil anchoring measurement, which adopts the following technical scheme.
The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device comprises an anchor rod main body and a monitoring assembly, wherein the anchor rod main body comprises a plurality of expansion sections, a non-expansion section is arranged between two adjacent expansion sections, the expansion sections are detachably connected with the non-expansion sections, each expansion section comprises at least one expansion structure, each expansion structure is provided with a connecting part and an anchoring part, the diameter of each anchoring part is larger than that of each connecting part, and the diameter of each connecting part is larger than or equal to that of each non-expansion section; the monitoring assembly comprises a stress monitoring unit, a pressure monitoring unit and a wired data transmission unit, wherein the stress monitoring unit is electrically connected with the wired data transmission unit, the stress monitoring unit comprises a demodulator and a plurality of first fiber grating sensors, the first fiber grating sensors are arranged on the anchor rod main body at intervals along the length direction, the pressure monitoring unit is electrically connected with the wired data transmission unit, and the pressure monitoring unit is provided with a plurality of pressure monitoring units which are arranged on the anchor rod main body at intervals along the length direction.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the expansion section is provided with a protrusion structure, the protrusion structure is spirally arranged along the length direction of the expansion section, and the protrusion structure is used for increasing the biting force between the anchor rod main body and the grouting body.
In certain embodiments of the invention, the anchoring portion transitions smoothly with the connecting portion, the anchoring portion having a diameter twice the diameter of the non-expanded section.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the anchor body is provided with a mounting groove along a length direction, the mounting groove is provided on a peripheral wall of the anchor body, and the first fiber bragg grating sensor is arranged in the mounting groove.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device further includes a protection housing, where the protection housing is correspondingly installed on the non-expanded section, the protection housing includes two half-housings, the two half-housings are detachably connected, and the half-housings are made of soft materials.
In certain embodiments of the invention, the pressure monitoring unit is disposed between the protective housing and the non-expanded body section, the pressure monitoring unit comprising a plurality of pressure sensors spaced apart along a circumference of the non-expanded body section.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressure sensor is adhered to the non-expanded body section, and a fastening collar is further disposed between the pressure sensor and the protection housing, and the fastening collar is made of a soft material.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the stress monitoring unit further includes a second fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor is electrically connected to the demodulator, and the second fiber grating sensor is encapsulated in the surrounding rock and is not subjected to external force.
In some embodiments of the invention, the rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device further comprises a mounting assembly, wherein the mounting assembly comprises a base plate fixedly mounted on a rock wall, the anchor rod main body is fixedly mounted on the base plate through a pre-tightening nut, and a tray with holes is arranged between the pre-tightening nut and the base plate.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring device further includes a displacement monitoring unit, the displacement monitoring unit is electrically connected to the wired data transmission unit, and the displacement monitoring unit is mounted on the pad.
The embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device comprises an anchor rod main body, wherein the anchor rod main body is provided with expanded sections and non-expanded sections which are arranged in a staggered mode, when rock and soil are greatly deformed, the non-expanded sections with smaller diameters are stretched to extend so as to adapt to surrounding rock deformation, the expanded sections with larger diameters are strong in drawing resistance, and the anchoring effect is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the monitoring assembly can monitor stress strain conditions and bending moment at each point of the anchor rod main body in real time, and data support is provided for further judging surrounding rock dislocation conditions.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the anchor body;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an expanded body structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a non-expanded body section;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a non-expanded body section;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring assembly;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the mounting assembly.
Reference numerals: 100. an anchor body; 101. a mounting groove; 110. a body expansion section; 111. a body expansion structure; 1111. a connection part; 1112. an anchor portion; 112. a bump structure; 120. a non-expanded section; 130. a protective housing; 131. a fastening collar; 132. a rubber gasket; 200. a monitoring component; 210. monitoring the housing; 211. armoured jumper wires; 221. a first fiber bragg grating sensor; 222. a demodulator; 231. a pressure sensor; 232. a pressure detector; 240. a displacement monitor; 251. a wired data transmission unit; 252. a wireless data transmission unit; 260. a power supply assembly; 270. a controller; 280. a display screen; 300. a mounting assembly; 310. a backing plate; 320. pre-tightening the nut; 330. a tray with holes.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with fig. 1-7, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functionality throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if the terms "center", "middle", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are used as directions or positional relationships based on the directions shown in the drawings, the directions are merely for convenience of description and for simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As the demand for mineral resources from various industries continues to increase, the exploitation of mineral resources gradually progresses to deep, requiring coping with more complex deep geological conditions and more severe surrounding rock deformation conditions. The deep surrounding rock has the characteristics of high ground stress, high ground temperature, high osmotic pressure, strong mining disturbance and the like, is extremely easy to be influenced by the mining disturbance in the engineering construction process, and further generates rock mass fragmentation and large deformation of the surrounding rock, thereby seriously threatening the life safety of personnel and the construction safety of engineering. Meanwhile, in order to safely develop engineering construction, the deformation of the surrounding rock needs to be measured continuously and timely in the construction process. In the related production, most projects are also based on the traditional manual measurement mode for measuring the deformation of surrounding rock, and the defects of large error, large environmental influence, difficulty in real-time measurement and the like exist. Therefore, strengthening the effective support of the rock mass and timely monitoring the deformation of surrounding rock are key problems to be solved urgently in deep engineering construction.
The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device comprises an anchor rod main body 100 and a monitoring assembly 200, wherein the anchor rod main body 100 comprises a plurality of expanded body sections 110, a non-expanded body section 120 is arranged between two adjacent expanded body sections 110, the expanded body sections 110 are detachably connected with the non-expanded body sections 120, the expanded body sections 110 comprise at least one expanded body structure 111, the expanded body structure 111 is provided with a connecting part 1111 and an anchoring part 1112, the diameter of the anchoring part 1112 is larger than that of the connecting part 1111, and the diameter of the connecting part 1111 is larger than or equal to that of the non-expanded body sections 120; the monitoring assembly 200 comprises a stress monitoring unit, a pressure monitoring unit and a wired data transmission unit 251, wherein the stress monitoring unit is electrically connected with the wired data transmission unit 251, the stress monitoring unit comprises a demodulator 222 and a plurality of first fiber grating sensors 221, the plurality of first fiber grating sensors 221 are arranged on the anchor body 100 at intervals along the length direction, the pressure monitoring unit is electrically connected with the wired data transmission unit 251, the pressure monitoring unit is provided with a plurality of pressure monitoring units, and the plurality of pressure monitoring units are arranged on the anchor body 100 at intervals along the length direction. The anchor rod main body 100 of the rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device is provided with the expanded body sections 110 and the non-expanded body sections 120 which are arranged in a staggered mode, when rock and soil are greatly deformed, the non-expanded body sections 120 with smaller diameters are stretched to extend so as to adapt to surrounding rock deformation, the expanded body sections 110 with larger diameters are strong in drawing resistance, and the anchoring effect is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the monitoring assembly 200 can monitor stress strain conditions and bending moments at each point of the anchor rod main body 100 in real time, and provides data support for further judging surrounding rock dislocation conditions.
In some embodiments, the monitoring assembly 200 further includes a wireless data transmission unit 252, where the wireless data transmission unit 252 is electrically connected to the wired data transmission unit 251, and the wireless data transmission unit 252 can wirelessly transmit the data acquired by the monitoring assembly 200 to a server, so as to realize remote wireless monitoring on the surrounding rock condition.
In some of these embodiments, the anchoring portion 1112 and the connecting portion 1111 smoothly transition, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the expanded body structure 111 is in an ellipsoidal shape, and the ellipsoidal expanded body structure 111 can press the surrounding grout body during the tensioning process so as to increase the pull-out resistance. Specifically, the two ends of the ellipsoid are connection portions 1111, and the middle portion of the ellipsoid is an anchor portion 1112. It will be appreciated that the cross-sectional area of the anchor 1112 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the connecting portion 1111 to provide a more optimal pull-out resistance. In view of the coaxial arrangement of the anchor portion 1112 and the connection portion 1111, the cross section of the anchor portion 1112 should be able to completely cover the cross section of the connection portion 1111. Specifically, in this embodiment, the diameter of the anchor 1112 is twice the diameter of the non-expanded section 120.
Referring to the drawings, in this embodiment, each of the expanded body sections 110 has two expanded body structures 111, and the connection sections 1111 of the two expanded body structures 111 are connected. Specifically, two adjacent expansion structures 111 are detachably connected, so as to flexibly adjust the length of the expansion section 110 according to specific anchoring requirements. It will be appreciated that, depending on the construction scenario, in some embodiments, each of the expanded body sections 110 has the same number of expanded body structures 111; in other embodiments, the number of expansion structures 111 provided for each expansion segment 110 is different to accommodate different geotechnical conditions.
In some of these embodiments, the surface of the expansion section 110 is provided with a raised structure 112, the raised structure 112 being used to increase the biting force between the bolt body 100 and the grout body. In this embodiment, the protruding structures 112 are spirally arranged along the length direction of the expanded section 110 to enhance the continuity thereof, and in other embodiments, the protruding structures 112 are spaced apart along the length direction of the expanded section 110 to achieve the effect of increasing the biting force between the anchor body 100 and the grout body. It will be appreciated that depending on the different geotechnical conditions, the projection arrangement 112 may be arranged continuously throughout the bolt body 100 or may be arranged in sections on the peripheral wall of the expanded section 110 where significant reinforcement is required.
In some of these embodiments, the anchor body 100 is provided with a mounting groove 101 along a length direction, and the first fiber grating sensor 221 is disposed in the mounting groove 101. In this embodiment, a first fiber grating sensor 221 is mounted in the middle of each expanded section 110 and in the middle of each non-expanded section 120. Specifically, referring to the drawings, the installation groove 101 is formed in the circumferential wall of the anchor body 100. It can be appreciated that the stress strain condition of the rod body along the length direction of the rod is monitored in real time by the first fiber grating sensor 221. In the related art, the first fiber grating sensor 221 is embedded in an embedded manner, the manufacturing process is complex, the center of the rod body needs to be drilled, the cost is high, and the first fiber grating sensor 221 is easily damaged. In this embodiment, the optical fiber of the first fiber bragg grating sensor 221 is adhered in the mounting groove 101 by an adhesive, and the adhered optical fiber is thermally sealed in the mounting groove 101 by a thermal shrinkage plastic sealing rubber ring, so as to play a role in protection.
In some embodiments, the rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device further comprises a protection shell 130, and the protection shell 130 is correspondingly installed on the non-expanded section 120 in combination with the attached drawing, wherein the protection shell 130 comprises two half shells which are detachably connected through a screw, and the two half shells are sleeved outside the non-expanded section 120 after being jointed. Specifically, the half shell is made of soft materials to adapt to rock-soil deformation, so that the half shell is prevented from being extruded and broken, meanwhile, the transmission of pressure is not affected by the half shell supported by the soft materials, and the accuracy of the monitoring assembly 200 is guaranteed.
Further, a pressure monitoring unit is disposed between the protective housing 130 and the non-expanded body section 120, the pressure monitoring unit including a plurality of pressure sensors 231, the plurality of pressure sensors 231 being disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the non-expanded body section 120. In this embodiment, each pressure monitoring unit includes seven pressure sensors 231, and in combination with the accompanying drawings, taking the installation section as an example, taking the installation groove 101 as 0 °, the seven pressure sensors 231 are respectively arranged in the 45 ° direction, the 90 ° direction, the 135 ° direction, the 180 ° direction, the 225 ° direction, the 270 ° direction and the 315 ° direction, so that pressures transmitted from different orientations of the anchor rod can be monitored.
It can be understood that the pressure monitoring unit is electrically connected to the wired data transmission unit 251 through a wire, specifically, the wire of the pressure sensor 231 is packaged together with the optical fiber of the first fiber bragg grating sensor 221, and is fixed in the mounting groove 101 through an adhesive and a heat-shrinkable plastic sealing rubber ring, so as to protect the normal transmission of data.
In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 231 is adhered to the non-expanded body section 120, and in this embodiment, the pressure sensor 231 is a film pressure sensor 231, so that the rod body can be effectively attached. Referring to the drawings, a fastening collar 131 is further disposed between the pressure sensor 231 and the protection housing 130, and the fastening collar 131 is sleeved outside the pressure sensor 231 to pinch the pressure sensor 231, prevent the pressure sensor 231 from shifting, and ensure a direction corresponding to the pressure sensor 231. It will be appreciated that the tightening collar 131 is made of a soft material, avoiding affecting the transmission of pressure. In particular, the soft material may be rubber, silica gel, sponge or other material that does not affect the pressure transmission.
Further, a rubber gasket 132 is further disposed between the fastening collar 131 and the protection housing 130 to achieve a relative fixation between the fastening collar 131 and the protection housing 130. It will be appreciated that the protective housing 130, rubber gasket 132, and fastening collar 131 are all soft material pieces to avoid interference with pressure transmission and monitoring.
In some of these embodiments, the stress monitoring unit further includes a second fiber grating sensor electrically connected to the demodulator 222. The wavelength of the first fiber grating sensor 221 may be changed due to the temperature change, and the temperature sensitivity of the first fiber grating sensor 221 is much higher than the strain sensitivity. In this embodiment, the second fiber grating sensor is disposed in the surrounding rock near the anchor body 100 such that the ambient temperature of the second fiber grating sensor is kept identical to the ambient temperature of the first fiber grating sensor 221.
Specifically, the center wavelength of the first fiber grating sensor 221 has the following relationship with strain and temperature variation:
Δλ B ＝α ε Δε+α T ΔT
wherein Deltalambda B A central wavelength variation amount of the first fiber grating sensor 221; alpha ε A strain sensitivity coefficient for the first fiber bragg grating sensor 221; alpha T A temperature sensitivity coefficient of the first fiber bragg grating sensor 221; delta epsilon is the strain variation of the first fiber bragg grating sensor 221; Δt is the temperature variation of the first fiber bragg grating sensor 221.
In order to ensure that the wavelength change of the second fiber grating sensor is only affected by temperature, the second fiber grating sensor is packaged in a stainless steel box body to avoid stress, and the environmental temperature change of the second fiber grating sensor is consistent with that of the first fiber grating sensor 221, delta lambda is set B1 As the grating wavelength variation of the anchor body 100, Δλ Bt The grating wavelength variation of the second fiber grating sensor is as follows:
Δλ B1 ＝α ε Δε+α T ΔT
Δλ Bt ＝α T ΔT
from this, it can be calculated that the strain variation of the first fiber grating sensor 221 after the temperature influence is removed is:
therefore, the second fiber bragg grating sensor can remove the influence caused by temperature change while monitoring the strain of the anchor rod, and the accuracy of monitoring data is ensured. It should be noted that the second fiber grating sensor should be selected to have the same model as the first fiber grating sensor to ensure that only the difference of stress conditions caused by different packaging environments exists between the second fiber grating sensor and the first fiber grating sensor. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the second fiber grating sensor is encapsulated within a hard box and placed in the surrounding rock near the anchor body 100.
In some embodiments, the integrated monitoring device for rock and soil anchoring measurement further comprises a mounting assembly 300, and the mounting assembly 300 comprises a backing plate 310, wherein the backing plate 310 is fixedly mounted on a rock wall, the anchor rod main body 100 is fixedly mounted on the backing plate 310 through a pre-tightening nut 320, and a perforated tray 330 is arranged between the pre-tightening nut 320 and the backing plate 310. Specifically, the backing plate 310 is fixed to the rock wall by a screw, the upper end of the anchor body 100 is screw-coupled with the pretension nut 320, and the perforated tray 330 is disposed between the pretension nut 320 and the backing plate 310 and is fastened to the backing plate 310 by the pretension nut 320. Specifically, the perforated tray 330 is provided with a routing hole, and the optical fibers and wires in the mounting groove 101 are led out from the routing hole of the perforated tray 330 and connected with the monitoring assembly 200.
In this embodiment, the optical fibers and the wires led out by the perforated tray 330 are integrated into a whole, the outer side is wrapped with a sleeve to form an armored jumper 211, and the first fiber grating sensor 221 and the pressure sensor 231 are connected with the wired data transmission unit 251 through the armored jumper 211 so as to protect the normal transmission of the monitoring data.
Further, the pressure monitoring unit further includes a pressure detector 232, and the pressure detector 232 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 231 through a wire, so as to receive and process the data transmitted from the pressure sensor 231. In this embodiment, the monitoring assembly 200 further includes a monitoring housing 210, the pressure detector 232 and the demodulator 222 are integrally disposed in the monitoring housing 210, and the monitoring housing 210 is made of hard material to protect the pressure detector 232 and the demodulator 222. The monitor housing 210 is fixedly mounted to the backing plate 310 by screws.
In some embodiments, the monitoring assembly 200 further includes a controller 270, where the controller 270 is electrically connected to the pressure monitoring unit, the stress monitoring unit, the wired data transmission unit 251, and the wireless data transmission unit 252, and the controller 270 can adjust the frequency of data acquisition and can also set the operation and parameters of the monitoring result.
Further, the monitoring assembly 200 further includes a display screen 280, and the display screen 280 can display information such as control panels and monitoring data. It is understood that the monitoring assembly 200 further includes a power assembly 260, wherein the power assembly 260 is electrically connected to the display 280, the controller 270, the demodulator 222, the pressure detector 232, etc. Specifically, the power supply assembly 260 is configured such that a battery is disposed within the monitoring housing 210; in other embodiments, the power supply assembly 260 is configured as an external power cord to ensure continuous reception of data for transmission.
In some embodiments, the monitoring device further includes a displacement monitoring unit, which is electrically connected to the wired data transmission unit 251, and the displacement monitoring unit is mounted on the pad 310. Specifically, the displacement monitoring unit includes a displacement sensor and a displacement monitor 240, the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the wired data transmission unit 251, the displacement monitor 240 is mounted on the pad 310, and the displacement condition of the surrounding rock is monitored by monitoring the position change of the pad 310 in real time. In this embodiment, the displacement sensor and the displacement monitor 240 are integrally disposed, and the displacement sensor is installed in the displacement monitor 240 to measure the displacement of the surrounding rock along the length direction of the anchor rod main body 100.
It can be understood that the screw members such as the anchor body 100, the backing plate 310, the perforated tray 330, the pre-tightening nut 320, etc. are made of metal materials with good extensibility and high strength so as to adapt to deformation of surrounding rock, and ensure the anchoring effect.
Other constructions and operations of the rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein. In the following, the invention is described in detail with reference to a specific embodiment, it being noted that the following description is merely illustrative and not a specific limitation of the invention.
The installation of the rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device needs to be tightly matched with site construction, and after the working platform is built, the rock wall is drilled to place the anchor rod main body 100 and the monitoring assembly 200. And when the anchor rod is installed, the second fiber grating sensor is synchronously installed in the surrounding rock of the tunnel, so that the second fiber grating sensor and the anchor rod are placed in the same environment, and the consistency of temperature change is maintained. Wiring and protection measures between the anchor body 100 and the monitoring assembly 200 are constructed after the anchor is inserted into the surrounding rock, and special attention is required to be paid to protection of the armored jumper 211 in the construction process. After the anchor rod is installed, grouting is carried out through a grouting pipe, so that the anchor rod main body 100 and a grouting body are anchored integrally, and shotcrete support is assisted. After the construction is finished, real-time monitoring and data acquisition of the rock and soil can be realized through the monitoring component 200, and long-term operation monitoring can be realized through debugging the remote receiving system.
The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device is provided with the non-expanded section 120 and the expanded section 110 in a crossing way, the surface of the expanded section 110 is provided with the convex structure 112, and the carbon steel is selected for manufacturing the anchor rod main body 100, so that the elongation of the anchor rod main body 100 in the drawing process is increased, the large deformation is realized, and the tensile pulling effect of the anchor rod main body 100 is improved; the first fiber bragg grating sensor 221 and the pressure sensor 231 are effectively protected through the mounting groove 101 and the protection shell 130, the bending moment condition and the stress strain condition of the anchor rod main body 100 are monitored in real time, and the position form of the anchor rod main body 100 and the dislocation condition of surrounding rock where the anchor rod main body 100 is positioned are judged; the detection assembly further includes a second fiber grating sensor for eliminating errors caused by temperature and a displacement monitoring unit for monitoring changes in the surrounding rock along the length direction of the anchor body 100. The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device can continuously and timely monitor the surrounding rock where the anchor rod main body 100 is located when realizing structural reinforcement, and is beneficial to the safety development of engineering construction.
In the description of the present specification, if a description appears that makes reference to the term "one embodiment," "some examples," "some embodiments," "an exemplary embodiment," "an example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., it is intended that the particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example be included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "and" if used in the singular are intended to mean "and" as opposed to "or". For example, the patent name "a A, B" describes that what is claimed in the present invention is: a technical scheme with a subject name A and a technical scheme with a subject name B.
Claims (10)
1. Rock soil anchor measures integration monitoring devices, a serial communication port includes:
the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod main body (100), wherein the anchor rod main body (100) comprises a plurality of expanded body sections (110), a non-expanded body section (120) is arranged between two adjacent expanded body sections (110), the expanded body sections (110) are detachably connected with the non-expanded body sections (120), the expanded body sections (110) comprise at least one expanded body structure (111), the expanded body structure (111) is provided with a connecting part (1111) and an anchoring part (1112), the diameter of the anchoring part (1112) is larger than that of the connecting part (1111), and the diameter of the connecting part (1111) is larger than or equal to that of the non-expanded body sections (120);
the monitoring assembly (200), the monitoring assembly (200) includes stress monitoring unit, pressure monitoring unit, wired data transmission unit (251), the stress monitoring unit with wired data transmission unit (251) electric connection, the stress monitoring unit include demodulator (222) and a plurality of first fiber bragg grating sensor (221), a plurality of first fiber bragg grating sensor (221) follow length direction interval arrange in stock main part (100), the pressure monitoring unit with wired data transmission unit (251) electric connection, the pressure monitoring unit be provided with a plurality of, a plurality of pressure monitoring unit follow length direction interval arrange in stock main part (100).
2. The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the expansion section (110) is provided with a protruding structure (112), the protruding structure (112) is arranged in a spiral mode along the length direction of the expansion section (110), and the protruding structure (112) is used for increasing the biting force between the anchor rod main body (100) and the grouting body.
3. The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein: the anchoring portion (1112) transitions smoothly with the connecting portion (1111), the anchoring portion (1112) having a diameter twice the diameter of the non-expanded section (120).
4. The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein: the anchor rod body (100) is provided with a mounting groove (101) along the length direction, the mounting groove (101) is formed in the peripheral wall of the anchor rod body (100), and the first fiber bragg grating sensor (221) is arranged in the mounting groove (101).
5. The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein: the rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device further comprises a protection shell (130), the protection shell (130) is correspondingly arranged on the non-expanded section (120), the protection shell (130) comprises two half shells, the two half shells are detachably connected, and the half shells are made of soft materials.
6. The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device according to claim 5, wherein: the pressure monitoring unit is arranged between the protective housing (130) and the non-expanded body section (120), and comprises a plurality of pressure sensors (231), and the pressure sensors (231) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the non-expanded body section (120).
7. The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device according to claim 6, wherein: the pressure sensor (231) is adhered to the non-expanded body section (120), a fastening sleeve ring (131) is further arranged between the pressure sensor (231) and the protection shell (130), and the fastening sleeve ring (131) is made of soft materials.
8. The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein: the stress monitoring unit further comprises a second fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor is electrically connected with the demodulator (222), and the second fiber grating sensor is packaged in the surrounding rock and is not subjected to external force.
9. The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein: the rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device further comprises a mounting assembly (300), the mounting assembly (300) comprises a base plate (310), the base plate (310) is fixedly mounted on a rock wall, the anchor rod main body (100) is fixedly mounted on the base plate (310) through a pre-tightening nut (320), and a perforated tray (330) is arranged between the pre-tightening nut (320) and the base plate (310).
10. The rock-soil anchoring measurement integrated monitoring device according to claim 9, wherein: the monitoring device further comprises a displacement monitoring unit, wherein the displacement monitoring unit is electrically connected with the wired data transmission unit (251), and the displacement monitoring unit is installed on the base plate (310).
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