CN116949632A - Continuous fiber ratchet roller filament spreading-pressing roller impregnating and presoaking device - Google Patents
Continuous fiber ratchet roller filament spreading-pressing roller impregnating and presoaking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116949632A CN116949632A CN202310935181.6A CN202310935181A CN116949632A CN 116949632 A CN116949632 A CN 116949632A CN 202310935181 A CN202310935181 A CN 202310935181A CN 116949632 A CN116949632 A CN 116949632A
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- roller
- spreading
- impregnating
- ratchet
- fiber
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011157 advanced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006253 high performance fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003827 upregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/18—Separating or spreading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous fiber ratchet roller filament spreading-pressing roller impregnating and presoaking device, which sequentially comprises a carbon fiber coil for winding fibers; the ratchet roller filament spreading-compression roller impregnating device comprises a shell, wherein a melting tank for melting polymers is arranged at the upper part in the shell, an impregnating tank for impregnating fibers is arranged at the lower part in the shell, a filament inlet die opening and a filament outlet die opening are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell opposite to the impregnating tank, and a ratchet roller filament spreading assembly for spreading the fibers and a compression roller impregnating assembly for impregnating the fibers are arranged in the impregnating tank; a water cooling tank for cooling the fibers; a wind-up roll for collecting the fiber. The invention improves the contact area of the continuous fiber tows and the polymer melt, can enable the melt to be combined with the continuous fibers more easily in a short time, reduces the fiber impregnation porosity, ensures the impregnation of the formed fiber prepreg to be fully and uniformly, and solves the problems of short fiber prepreg impregnation time, insufficient impregnation and high prepreg porosity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a continuous fiber ratchet roller spreading-pressing roller impregnating and presoaking device, and belongs to the technical field of fiber composite materials.
Background
The fiber has high strength and modulus along the fiber axis direction due to the preferential orientation of the graphite crystallite structure along the fiber axis. The main application is as reinforcing material for compounding with resin, metal, ceramic, carbon, etc. to produce advanced composite material. The 3D printing forming of the continuous fiber composite material represented by the continuous fiber has the comprehensive performance advantages of high strength-to-mass ratio, high rigidity, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. The preparation processes used for continuous fiber composite materials at present can be divided into two types according to the bonding state of fibers and polymers during printing, wherein one type is to directly bond continuous fiber tows and polymers during printing, and the other type is to print by using soaked prepregs. The latter corresponds to a secondary impregnation of the continuous fiber strands, and therefore a higher quality of the printed product.
In the manufacture of continuous fiber composite prepregs, filament spreading and impregnation are key process links. Because the thermoplastic polymer has high viscosity at high temperature, when the fiber linear density of the large tows is high, the matrix is difficult to be completely immersed into the fiber tows, and pores appear due to uneven matrix material distribution, so that the performance of the prepreg is finally affected. Most of the existing prepreg wire equipment is continuously provided with a plurality of rollers, continuous fiber tows are wound on the rollers and pulled along the fiber direction so as to achieve the effect of spreading and dipping, and meanwhile, molten thermoplastic polymers are compounded with the fiber tows so as to improve the dipping rate. However, this spread-impregnation approach has three drawbacks; first, the tow of the fiber can only spread along the axial direction of the roller, and a plurality of rollers are needed, and the increase of the rollers requires the subsequent up-regulation of the pulling force in the fiber direction, so that the tow is easy to break under the action of large pulling force. Second, because the direction of filament expansion is single, the increase in the number of fibers can result in the inability of the off-center region of the filament bundle to fully bond with the polymer, ultimately reducing the impregnation effect. Thirdly, the spreading inevitably causes a certain degree of performance damage to the fiber, and the more the spreading process is repeated, the larger the performance damage is caused. In addition, conventional prepreg wire equipment is generally provided with a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped dipping tank. In order to ensure the dipping effect, excessive polymer is usually arranged in the dipping tank, but under the long-term use, excessive molten polymer is accumulated at the bottom of the dipping tank in a large quantity because of being incapable of being recycled, and the existing detachable equipment can realize the cleaning function, but the polymer is extremely easy to adhere to the joint to cause difficult use, so that the requirement of leakage of a dipping cavity exists in the production process.
In summary, there is a need for a new and simplified method of pre-impregnating fiber tows to ensure filament spreading requirements and impregnation of tows of different fiber orders while providing a corresponding pre-impregnated filament apparatus having a simple construction and easy drainage characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: provides a simple, efficient and fully and uniformly impregnated preparation method of the continuous fiber prepreg to meet the manufacturing requirement of high-performance fiber composite materials.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a continuous fiber ratchet roller spreading-pressing roller impregnating prepreg device, which is characterized by comprising the following components in sequence:
a carbon fiber filament coil for winding the fiber;
the ratchet roller filament spreading-compression roller impregnating device comprises a shell, wherein the upper part in the shell is a melting tank for melting polymers, the lower part is an impregnating tank for impregnating fibers, the top of the shell is provided with a feed inlet communicated with the melting tank, the bottom of the shell is provided with a drainage port, two sides of the shell, opposite to the impregnating tank, are provided with a filament inlet die opening and a filament outlet die opening respectively, and a ratchet roller filament spreading assembly for spreading the fibers and a compression roller impregnating assembly for impregnating the fibers are arranged in the impregnating tank; the ratchet roller silk spreading assembly comprises at least one pair of ratchet rollers, the press roller dipping assembly comprises at least one pair of press rollers, and fibers sequentially pass through the silk feeding die opening, the ratchet roller silk spreading assembly, the press roller dipping assembly and the silk outlet die opening; an opening is arranged between the melting tank and the dipping tank and is positioned above the ratchet roller filament spreading component;
a water cooling tank for cooling the fibers;
a wind-up roll for collecting the fiber.
The mutual matching of the ratchet roller filament spreading component and the compression roller dipping component improves the dipping effect and simplifies the process.
Preferably, heating rods are arranged between the melting tank and the dipping tank and at the bottom of the shell.
Preferably, the cross section of the channel in the wire outlet die is in a hammer shape with wider two ends and narrower middle. The filament outlet die is designed into a hammer shape, so that the prepreg filaments are prevented from being scratched by sharp parts at the outlet and the impregnation uniformity is further improved.
Preferably, a net-shaped interlayer is arranged at the opening above the ratchet roller group.
The invention also provides a filament spreading method of the polymer prepreg continuous fiber, which adopts the polymer prepreg continuous fiber ratchet roll filament spreading device and comprises the following steps:
step 1): polymer particles or powder are fed through a feed inlet of the ratchet roller filament spreading assembly, are heated by a heating rod to be melted into a viscous melt, and then flow into the shell through an opening; the fiber bundle obtained in the step 2) passes through a ratchet roller group in a ratchet roller filament spreading assembly to spread the fiber bundle and generate a space gap, and then passes through a compression roller group to fully contact the fiber bundle with the melted polymer;
step 2): the fiber bundles obtained in the step 1) are cooled after being penetrated out of a filament outlet die to solidify polymer and fix the position of fibers; and winding and forming the cooled fiber bundles by a winding roller.
Preferably, the polymer melt is discharged through a drain port before solidification in the impregnation tank to avoid deposition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. contact area is improved, and infiltration porosity is reduced: through the design of the spiny roller spreading and pressing roller dipping component, the contact area of the continuous fiber tows and the polymer melt is effectively increased. This helps promote bonding of the polymer to the fibers in a short time and can effectively reduce the wet-out porosity of the fiber prepreg. By optimizing the impregnation process, the modified polymer fully permeates gaps of the fibers, gaps among the fibers are filled, the impregnation is ensured to be fully uniform, and the impregnation effect is improved.
2. Solves the problems of insufficient unidirectional filament spreading and fiber breakage: the fiber tows of the traditional technology can only spread along the axial direction of the rollers, a plurality of rollers are needed, and the fiber tows are easy to break under the action of large pulling force. According to the invention, the spiny rollers are used for spreading the filaments, the compression rollers are used for pressure impregnation, the number of tension rollers is reduced, the fiber tension is reduced, and the performance damage of the spread filaments to fiber tows is effectively reduced.
3. Spreading impregnation uniformity: the invention can realize even spreading of the tows under the condition of increasing the number of fibers, and the defect that the eccentric area of the tows cannot be completely combined with the polymer and finally the dipping effect is reduced is avoided.
4. Sealability and leakage characteristics: the integrated compact structure ensures tightness, the condition of melt leakage can not occur, and in order to treat a large amount of redundant molten polymer accumulated at the bottom of the impregnation cavity due to long-time use, a drain hole is formed at the edge of the bottom so as to solve the problem of melt deposition, and meanwhile, the problem that polymer adhesion is extremely easy to occur at the joint of detachable equipment is avoided.
The continuous fiber prepreg prepared by the continuous fiber prepreg device has high infiltration performance, uniformity and strength, and can be widely applied to the field of manufacturing of fiber composite materials. The invention not only improves the production efficiency and reduces the process complexity, but also improves the combination of the fiber and the polymer in a simple mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a ratchet spreading-pressing roll impregnating apparatus for impregnating separated polymer prepreg continuous fibers with molten resin;
fig. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the filament outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a ratchet roller spreading-pressing roller impregnating device for impregnating and separating polymer prepreg continuous fibers, which sequentially comprises:
a water cooling tank for cooling the fibers;
a wind-up roll for collecting the fiber.
A carbon fiber filament roll 1 for winding a fiber;
the ratchet roller spreading-compression roller impregnating device 2 comprises a shell, wherein the upper part in the shell is a melting tank A for melting polymers, the lower part is an impregnating tank B for impregnating fibers, the top of the shell is provided with a feed inlet 25 communicated with the melting tank A, the bottom of the shell is provided with a drainage port 23, two sides of the shell, opposite to the impregnating tank, are provided with a wire feeding die opening 21 and a wire outlet die opening 27 respectively, and a ratchet roller spreading assembly for spreading the fibers and a compression roller impregnating assembly for impregnating the fibers are arranged in the impregnating tank B; the ratchet roller filament spreading assembly comprises at least one pair of ratchet rollers 22 (1 pair in the embodiment), the press roller dipping assembly comprises at least one pair of press rollers 24 (3 pairs in the embodiment), and the fibers sequentially pass through a filament inlet die opening, the ratchet roller filament spreading assembly, a press roller dipping assembly and a filament outlet die opening; heating rods 26 are arranged between the melting tank A and the dipping tank B and at the bottom of the shell; an opening is arranged between the melting tank A and the dipping tank B, the opening is positioned above the ratchet roller filament spreading assembly, a net-shaped interlayer is arranged at the opening, and materials entering the shell from the feeding hole 25 enter the dipping tank B from the net-shaped interlayer at the opening (fall from the position right above the ratchet roller 22); the cross-sectional shape of the passage in the filament outlet die 27 is a hammer shape with wider ends and narrower middle (as shown in fig. 2), and this structure can further enhance the dipping effect while preventing the outlet from being scratched by the sharp portion.
A water cooling bath 3 for cooling the fibers;
a wind-up roll 4 for collecting the fibers.
Examples
Before the resin is impregnated with the polymer, the T300 continuous carbon fiber produced by the east Asia company of Japan is introduced into the presoaking device through a wire inlet die and discharged through a wire outlet die, so that the subsequent presoaking of the prepreg is ensured.
1. Melting a polymer: PLA4032D polymer particles produced by Nature works in the United states are poured into a melting tank from a feed inlet, the particles are heated by a heating rod after being filled into cavities, and the particles are continuously added after the polymer is completely melted into a melt and flows into a dipping tank from a grid-shaped baffle plate until the polymer particles are completely melted and filled into two cavities.
2. Pre-soaking: the continuous carbon fiber tows enter the dipping tank from the yarn feeding die, the other end of the continuous carbon fiber tows are pulled to move under the action of the winding roller, the tows are unfolded by the ratchet roller stretching group and a space gap is generated, and then the tows are fully contacted with the melted polymer through the compression roller dipping group, so that the dipping process is realized.
3. And (3) cooling: after impregnation, the continuous fiber bundles are passed out of the curved die to remove excess prepreg and enter the cooling module. The cooling module rapidly cools the impregnated fiber bundles by means of water cooling to solidify the polymer and fix the fiber position.
4. And (3) rolling: and winding and forming the cooled fiber bundles by a winding roller to obtain the continuous fiber prepreg.
Claims (6)
1. The ratchet roller spreading-pressing roller impregnating prepreg device for continuous fibers is characterized by comprising the following components in sequence:
a carbon fiber filament coil for winding the fiber;
the ratchet roller filament spreading-compression roller impregnating device comprises a shell, wherein the upper part in the shell is a melting tank for melting polymers, the lower part is an impregnating tank for impregnating fibers, the top of the shell is provided with a feed inlet communicated with the melting tank, the bottom of the shell is provided with a drainage port, two sides of the shell, opposite to the impregnating tank, are provided with a filament inlet die opening and a filament outlet die opening respectively, and a ratchet roller filament spreading assembly for spreading the fibers and a compression roller impregnating assembly for impregnating the fibers are arranged in the impregnating tank; the ratchet roller silk spreading assembly comprises at least one pair of ratchet rollers, the press roller dipping assembly comprises at least one pair of press rollers, and fibers sequentially pass through the silk feeding die opening, the ratchet roller silk spreading assembly, the press roller dipping assembly and the silk outlet die opening; an opening is arranged between the melting tank and the dipping tank and is positioned above the ratchet roller filament spreading component;
a water cooling tank for cooling the fibers;
a wind-up roll for collecting the fiber.
2. The continuous fiber ratchet spreading-pressing roller impregnation prepreg apparatus according to claim 1, wherein heating rods are arranged between the melting tank and the impregnation tank and at the bottom of the shell.
3. The continuous fiber ratchet spreading-pressing roller impregnation prepreg apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the passage in the filament outlet die is a hammer shape with wider ends and narrower middle.
4. The continuous fiber ratchet spreading-pressing roller impregnation prepreg device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a net-shaped interlayer is arranged at an opening above the ratchet spreading assembly.
5. A method for spreading a polymer prepreg continuous fiber, characterized in that a continuous fiber ratchet spreading-pressing roller impregnating prepreg device according to any one of claims 2-4 is adopted, comprising the following steps:
step 1): polymer particles or powder are fed through a feed inlet of the ratchet roller filament spreading assembly, are heated by a heating rod to be melted into a viscous melt, and then flow into the shell through an opening; the fiber bundle obtained in the step 2) passes through a ratchet roller group in a ratchet roller filament spreading assembly to spread the fiber bundle and generate a space gap, and then passes through a compression roller group to fully contact the fiber bundle with the melted polymer;
step 2): the fiber bundles obtained in the step 1) are cooled after being penetrated out of a filament outlet die to solidify polymer and fix the position of fibers; and winding and forming the cooled fiber bundles by a winding roller.
6. The method of filament spreading of polymeric prepreg continuous fibers of claim 5 wherein the polymer is discharged through a vent to avoid deposition prior to curing in the spinroll filament spreading assembly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310935181.6A CN116949632A (en) | 2023-07-27 | 2023-07-27 | Continuous fiber ratchet roller filament spreading-pressing roller impregnating and presoaking device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310935181.6A CN116949632A (en) | 2023-07-27 | 2023-07-27 | Continuous fiber ratchet roller filament spreading-pressing roller impregnating and presoaking device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116949632A true CN116949632A (en) | 2023-10-27 |
Family
ID=88444298
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310935181.6A Pending CN116949632A (en) | 2023-07-27 | 2023-07-27 | Continuous fiber ratchet roller filament spreading-pressing roller impregnating and presoaking device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116949632A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-07-27 CN CN202310935181.6A patent/CN116949632A/en active Pending
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