CN116948295A - Low-smoke halogen-free insulating material for B1-level flame-retardant electric wire and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Low-smoke halogen-free insulating material for B1-level flame-retardant electric wire and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PWWSSIYVTQUJQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N distearyl thiodipropionate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PWWSSIYVTQUJQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
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- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000006859 Jasminum officinale Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010254 Jasminum officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/14—Gas barrier composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/22—Halogen free composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application firstly provides a low-smoke halogen-free insulating material, which is characterized in that a ceramic glaze flame-retardant synergist is added into halogen-free flame retardant aluminum hydroxide (ATH), so that the insulating material is ceramic when being combusted, and a good carbon layer is formed; secondly, the application provides a preparation method of the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material, the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material is prepared by a two-step method, and the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material prepared by directly adding ceramic glaze has excellent flame retardant property; finally, the application provides application of the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material in the B1-level flame-retardant electric wire, and the mechanical property, aging property, electrical property and flame retardant property of the prepared cable are improved by extruding the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material to form the cable and performing irradiation crosslinking.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of insulating materials, in particular to a low-smoke halogen-free insulating material for a B1-level flame-retardant electric wire, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the progress of science and the improvement of living standard of people, the electric and our living relations are more and more intimate, and the electric wire and cable are one of the products which are necessary to be matched when using electric products, and play roles of transmitting electric power, transmitting information and realizing electromagnetic energy conversion. The cable is of a multi-core structure, the structural design is complex, and the combustion grade specified by the standard can be completed by utilizing the structure. The wire is typically a single core structure, the only way to pass the fire rating specified by the standard being to select the appropriate insulating material. The B1-level electric distribution wire has extremely high requirement on flame retardant property of insulating materials, and according to GB/T31248-2014 standard test, under 20.5KW fire source, the peak value of the heat release rate of the cable is less than or equal to 30kW, the total heat release amount within 1200s is less than or equal to 30kJ, and the flame spread is less than 1.5m. The flame retardant grade of the common single-core electric wire can not meet the B1 grade requirement due to the structural problem, and the wide application of the single-core electric wire is affected.
At present, by adding flame retardant metal hydroxide into the material, water release and heat absorption by using the metal hydroxide are one of the most main flame-retardant modes of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant material. The larger the addition amount of the metal hydroxide is, the lower the heat release rate of the material is, but the flame-retardant efficiency of the water-release heat absorption flame-retardant mode is low. Research shows that if the flame retardant adopts the grain diameter D 50 In 1.5 mu m aluminum hydroxide (ATH), the flame retardant grade of the electric wire reaches B1 grade, and the addition amount of the flame retardant reaches 73%, so that the mechanical property, the electrical insulation property and the processing property of the material are poor.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN1260286C discloses a flame retardant polymer composition comprising (a) 20-60 wt.% of a thermoplastic and/or crosslinked or crosslinkable elastomer which is liquid at room temperature even at high filler levels of up to 80% before complete curing, and (b) 40-80 wt.% of a flame retardant which is aluminum hydroxide.
However, if only the flame retardant ATH is added to the low-smoke halogen-free material, the quality of the burning carbon layer is poor, especially after irradiation crosslinking, the integrity of the burning carbon layer is obviously deteriorated, and the problems of easy falling and the like are generated, so that the safety is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a low-smoke halogen-free insulating material for a B1-level flame-retardant cloth wire and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems of low flame-retardant efficiency, easy falling after combustion and the like caused by adding only flame retardant ATH.
The first object of the present application is to provide a low smoke halogen-free insulating material, which is formed into a good carbon layer by adding a ceramic glaze flame retardant synergist to halogen-free flame retardant aluminum hydroxide (ATH) to make the insulating material ceramic when burning.
The second object of the application is to provide a preparation method of the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material, which is characterized in that the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material is prepared by a two-step method, and the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material prepared by directly adding ceramic glaze has excellent flame retardant property.
The third object of the application is to provide an application of the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material in the B1-level flame-retardant electric wire, and the mechanical property, aging property, electrical property and flame retardant property of the prepared cable are improved by extruding and wrapping the cable with the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material.
In order to achieve the first purpose, the application provides a low-smoke halogen-free insulating material, which adopts the following modes:
the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
in one embodiment, the melting temperature of the ceramic frit is 400-500 ℃.
In one embodiment, the halogen-free flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide, and the aluminum hydroxide has a particle size D50 of 0.8-1.0 μm.
In one embodiment, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer has a vinyl acetate content of 28%.
In one embodiment, the insulating material further comprises
In one embodiment, the lubricant is polyethylene wax.
In one embodiment, the surfactant is stearic acid.
In one embodiment, the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant DSTP.
In order to achieve the second purpose, the application provides a preparation method of a low-smoke halogen-free insulating material, which adopts the following modes:
placing the halogen-free flame retardant, ceramic glaze, silane and surfactant into a high-speed mixer to be uniformly stirred, and preparing the flame retardant;
adding the flame retardant, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the maleic anhydride grafting compatilizer, the silicone powder, the polyethylene wax, the antioxidant and the crosslinking sensitizer into a reciprocating machine, mixing, extruding and granulating to prepare the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material.
In one embodiment, the temperature of the high-speed mixer is set to 75 ℃ and the stirring time is 10min.
In order to achieve the third purpose, the application provides application of a low-smoke halogen-free insulating material in a B1-level flame-retardant electric wire, which adopts the following modes:
placing the halogen-free flame retardant, ceramic glaze, silane and surfactant into a high-speed mixer to be uniformly stirred, and preparing the flame retardant;
adding the flame retardant, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the maleic anhydride grafting compatilizer, the silicone powder, the polyethylene wax, the antioxidant and the crosslinking sensitizer into a reciprocating machine for mixing, extruding and granulating by a single screw to prepare the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material, extruding and packaging the conductor of the cable by the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material, and forming and crosslinking by irradiation to prepare the B1-level flame-retardant electric wire.
According to the application, the ceramic glaze is used as a flame-retardant synergist, and the ceramic glaze is added into the insulating material, so that the insulating material can be ceramic during combustion, and a good carbon layer is formed. The B1-level flame-retardant cloth wire prepared by the insulating material not only can ensure that the carbon layer is completed during combustion, but also can drop the grade of objects/particlesReaching D 0 And the B1-level flame-retardant electric wire has good carbon which can isolate air, prevent heat transfer and reduce the release amount of combustible gas, thereby achieving the purpose of flame retardance and improving the flame retardance.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description does not address specific experimental procedures or conditions, and may be conducted in accordance with the procedures or conditions of conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in this field. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional reagent products commercially available without the manufacturer's knowledge. The term "comprising" is intended to be open-ended and may be replaced by "consisting of … …" where appropriate. Herein, unless otherwise indicated, percentages refer to weight/weight percentages. Except in the examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in the description and in the claims indicating amounts of material quality, physical properties and the like are to be understood as modified by the word "about".
To facilitate comparison of the data of the examples and comparative examples, the raw materials were chosen consistently, specifically:
ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer supplied by the typhoon, model 7470M;
the maleic anhydride grafting compatilizer is provided by Shanghai long-term polymerization, and the model is JCP1000;
silicone powder is supplied by dakangnin, model 7081;
polyethylene wax is supplied by a jessamine, model 2040;
stearic acid is supplied by the sesquialter chemical industry, model 1865;
aluminum hydroxide is supplied by the Shandong aluminum industry;
the ceramic glaze is provided by An Miwei sodium, and the model is GT35;
silane is supplied by dakaning, model a172.
The application firstly provides a low-smoke halogen-free insulating material, which is ceramic when being burnt by adding a ceramic glaze flame-retardant synergist into halogen-free flame retardant aluminum hydroxide (ATH), so as to form a good carbon layer. Preferably, the ATH has a particle size D 50 0.8-1.0 mu m; the ceramic isThe melting temperature of the glaze is 400-500 ℃.
In at least some embodiments, a low smoke zero halogen insulation may include the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer has a vinyl acetate content of 28%;
the halogen-free flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide, and the aluminum hydroxide has a particle size D 50 In the range of 0.8 to 1.0. Mu.m, in some preferred embodiments, particle size D may be selected 50 Aluminum hydroxide at 0.8 μm;
the melting temperature of the ceramic glaze is 400-500 ℃; the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant DSTP.
The lubricant may be polyethylene wax and the surfactant may be stearic acid.
In at least some embodiments, the low smoke, halogen free insulation can be obtained by:
according to the parts by weight, 200-220 parts of halogen-free flame retardant, 30-33 parts of ceramic glaze, 1-2 parts of silane and 0.8-2 parts of surfactant are accurately weighed and then placed in a high-speed mixer to be uniformly stirred, so as to prepare the surface-coated flame retardant;
the flame retardant, 80-100 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 8-12 parts of maleic anhydride grafting compatilizer, 0.2-0.6 part of silicone powder, 1-4 parts of lubricant and 0.8-1 part of antioxidant which are prepared in the steps are accurately weighed by a weightless scale, then are added into a reciprocating machine through forced feeding, and 0.8-1 part of crosslinking sensitizer is injected into the reciprocating machine through a liquid injection gun; and (3) mixing by a reciprocating machine, and granulating by single screw extrusion to prepare the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material.
In order to improve the mechanical properties, ageing properties, temperature resistance and electrical insulation properties of the material, the insulation needs to be crosslinked. The crosslinking mode in the embodiment is irradiation crosslinking, so that the crosslinking efficiency is high, and no pollution is caused. The high-energy electron beam generated by the electron accelerator is utilized to bombard the insulating layer, the molecular chain is broken to form high molecular free radicals, and then the high molecular free radicals are recombined into a cross-linking bond, so that the original linear molecular structure is changed into a three-dimensional network structure. The matrix resin in the embodiment is matched with a high-efficiency crosslinking sensitizer, so that the irradiation dose of the material is low.
Preferably, the irradiation crosslinking is performed by selecting a medium-broad nuclear electron accelerator, the energy is 1.0MeV, the threading pass is 28 times, the beam current is 30mA, the linear speed is 300m/min, and after the irradiation crosslinking, the insulation heat is extended by 50%, so that all the performances of the material are optimal.
In some preferred embodiments, the temperature of the high mixer is set to 75 ℃, and the high mixer is stirred for about 10 minutes;
in some preferred embodiments, the temperature of the main machine of the reciprocating machine is controlled by a mold temperature machine, the temperature of a charging melting area is set to 120 ℃, the temperature of a uniform mixing area is set to 100 ℃, the temperature of an exhaust area is set to 80 ℃, and a four-flighted screw is adopted as a screw rod, so that the materials are fully mixed.
In at least some embodiments, the low smoke, halogen-free insulation may be applied to a B1 grade flame retardant electrical wiring line by:
according to the parts by weight, 200-220 parts of halogen-free flame retardant, 30-33 parts of ceramic glaze, 1-2 parts of silane and 0.8-2 parts of stearic acid are accurately weighed and then placed in a high-speed mixer to be uniformly stirred, so as to prepare the surface-coated flame retardant;
the flame retardant, 80-100 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 8-12 parts of maleic anhydride grafting compatilizer, 0.2-0.6 part of silicone powder, 1-4 parts of polyethylene wax and 0.8-1 part of antioxidant which are prepared in the steps are accurately weighed by a weightless scale, then are added into a reciprocating machine through forced feeding, and 0.8-1 part of crosslinking sensitizer is injected into the reciprocating machine through a liquid injection gun; and after mixing by a reciprocating machine, extruding by a single screw rod, and simultaneously extruding and wrapping a conductor of the cable to form the B1-level flame-retardant electric wire.
The application takes ceramic glaze as flame retardant synergist, and adds ceramic glaze into insulating material to burn the insulating materialAnd then ceramic can be formed, so that a good carbon layer is formed. The B1-level flame-retardant cloth wire prepared by the insulating material not only can ensure that the carbon layer is completed during combustion, but also can ensure that the grade of droppings/particles reaches D 0 And the B1-level flame-retardant electric wire has good carbon which can isolate air, prevent heat transfer and reduce the release amount of combustible gas, thereby achieving the purpose of flame retardance and improving the flame retardance.
The technical scheme of the present application will be further explained below in connection with specific examples.
Example 1:
the embodiment prepares a B1-level flame-retardant electric wire.
S1: preparation of flame retardant
200 parts of particle diameter D in parts by mass 50 Accurately weighing 0.8 mu m aluminum hydroxide, 30 parts of ceramic glaze, 2 parts of silane and 1 part of stearic acid, and then uniformly stirring in a high-speed mixer to prepare the surface-coated flame retardant;
the temperature of the high-speed mixer is set to be 75 ℃, and the stirring time of the high-speed mixer is about 10 minutes.
S2: preparation of B1-level flame-retardant electric wire
Accurately weighing the flame retardant, 90 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10 parts of maleic anhydride grafting compatilizer, 0.5 part of silicone powder, 2 parts of polyethylene wax and 0.8 part of antioxidant prepared in the steps by weight loss scale, adding the weighed materials into a reciprocating machine through forced feeding, and injecting 1 part of crosslinking sensitizer into the reciprocating machine through a liquid injection gun; and (3) mixing by a reciprocating machine, and granulating by single screw extrusion to prepare the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material, wherein the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material is subjected to conductor molding of an extruded cable and irradiation crosslinking of an electron accelerator to prepare the B1-level flame-retardant electric wire.
The temperature of a charging melting zone of the reciprocating machine is set to 120 ℃, the temperature of a uniform mixing zone is set to 100 ℃, and the temperature of an exhaust zone is set to 80 ℃.
The irradiation energy of the electron accelerator is 1.0MeV, the threading pass is 28 times, the beam current is 30mA, the linear speed is 300m/min, and after irradiation crosslinking, the insulation heat is extended by 50%, so that each performance of the material is optimal.
Example 2:
this example produced a B1-stage flame retardant electric wire, which differed from example 1 only in that the ceramic glaze was added in an amount of 10 parts.
Example 3:
this example produced a B1-stage flame retardant cloth wire, which differed from example 2 only in the addition of 200 parts of particle size D 50 Aluminum hydroxide of 2.1 μm.
Comparative example 1:
this comparative example, which differs from example 2 only in that no ceramic glaze was added, was prepared for a wire.
And (3) performance detection:
the B1-grade flame-retardant electric wires prepared in examples 1 to 3 were used as samples, the electric wires prepared in comparative example 1 were used as reference substances, and the performance of the samples and the reference substances were tested and tested, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance test results
As is clear from the above table, the B1-grade flame-retardant electric wire (examples 1 to 3) prepared by the application has obviously improved mechanical properties, ageing properties, electrical properties and flame retardant properties compared with the electric wire (comparative example 1) prepared without adding ceramic glaze. The application takes the ceramic glaze as the flame retardant synergist, and the ceramic glaze is added into the insulating material to enable the insulating material to be ceramic when burning, thereby forming a good carbon layer. The B1-level flame-retardant cloth wire prepared by the insulating material not only can ensure that the carbon layer is completed during combustion, but also can ensure that the grade of droppings/particles reaches D 0 The B1-grade flame-retardant cloth wire has good carbon which can be isolatedAir prevents heat transfer and reduces the release amount of combustible gas, thereby achieving the purpose of flame retardance and improving the flame retardance.
Further, by comparing the data of example 2 and example 3, the particle diameter D 50 When 0.8 mu m aluminum hydroxide is used as a flame retardant, the properties of the aluminum hydroxide are superior to those of the particle diameter D 50 Performance in the case of 2.1 μm aluminum hydroxide as flame retardant. This is because the smaller the particle diameter of the flame retardant, the narrower the particle diameter distribution, and the flame retardant performance is good; and can also improve the mechanical properties and electrical insulation properties of the material, while D 50 Aluminum hydroxide with the particle size of 0.8 μm is not easy to agglomerate, easy to process and form and has good processing performance.
Claims (11)
1. The low-smoke halogen-free insulating material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2. the low smoke zero halogen insulation material according to claim 1, wherein the melting temperature of the ceramic glaze is 400-500 ℃.
3. The low-smoke halogen-free insulating material according to claim 2, wherein the halogen-free flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide, and the aluminum hydroxide has a particle size D 50 0.8-1.0 μm.
4. A low smoke zero halogen insulation according to claim 3 wherein said ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer has a vinyl acetate content of 28%.
5. The low smoke zero halogen insulation of claim 1, wherein the insulation further comprises
6. The low smoke zero halogen insulation of claim 5 wherein said lubricant is polyethylene wax.
7. The low smoke zero halogen insulation of claim 6 wherein the surfactant is stearic acid.
8. The low smoke zero halogen insulation material according to claim 7, wherein the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant DSTP.
9. The method for preparing a low smoke zero halogen insulation material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
placing the halogen-free flame retardant, ceramic glaze, silane and surfactant into a high-speed mixer to be uniformly stirred, and preparing the flame retardant;
adding the flame retardant, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the maleic anhydride grafting compatilizer, the silicone powder, the polyethylene wax, the antioxidant and the crosslinking sensitizer into a reciprocating machine, mixing, extruding and granulating to prepare the low-smoke halogen-free insulating material.
10. The low smoke zero halogen insulation material according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the high-speed mixer is set to be 75 ℃, and the stirring time is 10min.
11. Use of a low smoke zero halogen insulation material according to any one of claims 1-9 in a B1 grade flame retardant electrical wiring, comprising the steps of:
placing the halogen-free flame retardant, ceramic glaze, silane and surfactant into a high-speed mixer to be uniformly stirred, and preparing the flame retardant;
adding the flame retardant, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the maleic anhydride grafting compatilizer, the silicone powder, the polyethylene wax, the antioxidant and the crosslinking sensitizer into a reciprocating machine for mixing, extruding and granulating, and extruding and wrapping a conductor of the cable for molding to prepare the B1-level flame-retardant electric wire.
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| CN1625786A (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2005-06-08 | 皮雷利&C.有限公司 | Fire resistant cable |
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