CN112521675B - Insulating cold-resistant cable material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Insulating cold-resistant cable material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
- C08L2207/062—HDPE
Abstract
The invention provides an insulating cold-resistant cable material and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation raw materials of the insulating cold-resistant cable material comprise the following components: high-density polyethylene, metallocene polyethylene, ethylene-octene copolymer, antimony trioxide, maleic anhydride grafted EVA, silicon dioxide, epoxy octyl stearate and silicone rubber; the insulating cold-resistant cable material has excellent flame retardant property and can pass a single combustion experiment; the addition of the silicone rubber and the epoxy octyl stearate improves the cold resistance of the insulating cold-resistant cable material, so that the insulating cold-resistant cable material does not crack when used at the temperature of-40 ℃, completely meets the performance requirements in the IEC62930 standard, and can be applied to the field of photovoltaic cables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to an insulating cold-resistant cable material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The photovoltaic power generation is a novel green energy obtaining way and has the characteristics of no pollution, sustainability, simplicity and easiness in obtaining, and the cable for the photovoltaic power generation system is an energy transmission element in the photovoltaic power generation system and plays a vital role in a photovoltaic power generation assembly. The high-density polyethylene has good heat resistance and cold resistance, good chemical stability, better environmental stress crack resistance and good chemical stability, is insoluble in any organic solvent at room temperature, and resists corrosion of acid, alkali and various salts; the insulating material used as the low-voltage power cable is the leading material of insulation for low-voltage cross-linked cables in the wire and cable industry in China at present.
However, high density polyethylene has poor flame retardancy and is a flammable material, and thus it is required to perform the processFlame retardant modification treatment to expand the application range. Secondly, space charge aggregation, volume resistivity and breakdown strength of the high-density polyethylene are to be improved, and the high-voltage direct-current cable is generally modified by a traditional method at present. Among them, the blending technique is the most used method for improving the dielectric properties of polyethylene, and there are many reports of applying high density polyethylene to a photovoltaic power generation system. CN110016172A discloses a high-density polyethylene composition for cable sheath material and a preparation method of the high-density polyethylene cable sheath material, the composition contains a base resin, the base resin comprises high-density polyethylene, the melt flow rate of the high-density polyethylene is 0.2-0.8 g/10min, and the density is 0.94-0.96 g/cm 3 (ii) a The cable sheath material with excellent performance can be prepared by controlling the melt flow rate and the density of the base resin high-density polyethylene in a specific range, and the high-density polyethylene and the carbon black master batch are preferably used in a matching manner, so that the use amount of an auxiliary agent can be reduced, and the product stability is good. CN105131406A discloses a low temperature resistant high density polyethylene power cable protection tube, which is composed of high density polyethylene, a toughening agent, a filler, a coupling agent, a plasticizer and a bridging agent, wherein the toughening agent is liquid acrylate rubber, the filler is mica powder, the coupling agent is gamma-mercaptopropyl triethoxysilane, the plasticizer is dioctyl maleate, and the bridging agent is trimethyl hexamethylene diamine. The high-density polyethylene composite material is prepared from high-density polyethylene, a toughening agent, a filler, a coupling agent, a plasticizer and a bridging agent, and has the characteristics of high toughness, good wear resistance, high strength, stable quality, convenience in processing and production, good low-temperature resistance and long service life. CN105623043A discloses a modified high-density polyethylene flame-retardant cable sheath material, which comprises modified high-density polyethylene, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, dicumyl peroxide, high-wear-resistant carbon black, antimony trioxide, nano calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, talcum powder, slag powder, alum powder, chlorinated paraffin, trioctyl trimellitate, aluminum tripolyphosphate, aluminum stearate, an anti-aging agent ODA, an accelerator TMTM, a vulcanizing agent DCBP, an antioxidant and benzotriazole. The cable sheath material is changed from the prior artThe modified high-density polyethylene is used as a main material and is prepared by adding a filler and an auxiliary agent, and has excellent flame retardant property, good toughness and high hardness.
However, in cold winter or in severe cold regions, general cables, tool wires, and the like are cracked at low temperatures and lose their protective effect on power transmission, and thus fail, so that high flexibility is required for cables, particularly at very low temperatures, and good cold resistance is required for products.
Therefore, the development of the insulating cold-resistant cable material with flexibility and excellent cold-resistant temperature performance has important research significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an insulating cold-resistant cable material and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the insulating cold-resistant cable material has excellent cold resistance on the basis of excellent flame retardance and insulating property by selecting metallocene polyethylene and high-density polyethylene as matrixes and adding antimony trioxide, silicon dioxide, silicon rubber and epoxy octyl stearate, can be applied to severe cold regions, cannot crack and meets the requirement of normal operation of cables.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an insulating cold-resistant cable material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 to 40 portions of high density polyethylene, 10 to 30 portions of metallocene polyethylene, 5 to 10 portions of ethylene-octene copolymer, 40 to 60 portions of antimony trioxide, 5 to 10 portions of maleic anhydride grafted EVA, 1 to 3 portions of silicon dioxide, 5 to 7 portions of silicon rubber and 6 to 8 portions of epoxy zinc stearate.
The high density polyethylene may be 31 parts by weight, 32 parts by weight, 33 parts by weight, 34 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 36 parts by weight, 37 parts by weight, 38 parts by weight, 39 parts by weight, or the like.
The metallocene polyethylene can be 12 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 22 parts by weight, 24 parts by weight, 26 parts by weight, or 28 parts by weight.
The ethylene-octene copolymer may be 5.5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 6.5 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 7.5 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 8.5 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight, 9.5 parts by weight, or the like.
The antimony trioxide may be 42 parts by weight, 44 parts by weight, 46 parts by weight, 48 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 52 parts by weight, 54 parts by weight, 56 parts by weight, 58 parts by weight, or the like.
The maleic anhydride grafted EVA may be 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, or 9.5 parts by weight, etc.
The silica may be 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, or 2.8 parts by weight, or the like.
The silicone rubber may be 5.2 parts by weight, 5.4 parts by weight, 5.6 parts by weight, 5.8 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 6.2 parts by weight, 6.4 parts by weight, 6.6 parts by weight, 6.8 parts by weight, or the like.
The octyl epoxystearate can be present at 6.2, 6.4, 6.6, 6.8, 7, 7.2, 7.4, 7.6, or 7.8 parts by weight and the like.
In the insulating cold-resistant cable material provided by the invention, the metallocene polyethylene is linear polyethylene produced by using Metallocene (MAO) as a polymerization catalyst, the molecular weight distribution is narrow, the molecular chain structure is regular, the processability is good, the tensile strength is low, the elongation at break is large, and the environmental stress cracking resistance and the chemical stability of the high-density polyethylene are good.
Secondly, the addition of the ethylene-octene copolymer is beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the cable material; the compatibility of metallocene polyethylene and other materials can be improved by adding maleic anhydride grafted EVA; and in addition, antimony trioxide is added, so that the insulating cable material has excellent flame retardant property, and the insulating property of the insulating cable material is improved while the mechanical property is not reduced by adding the silica microspheres.
And finally, the silicone rubber and the epoxy octyl stearate are added, so that the cold resistance of the insulating cold-resistant cable material is greatly improved, and the insulating cold-resistant cable material does not crack at low temperature.
Preferably, the metallocene polyethylene has a melt index of 0.08 to 2g/10min, such as 0.08g/10min, 0.1g/10min, 0.5g/10min, 1g/10min, 1.5g/10min or 2g/10min, and the specific values therebetween are not exhaustive, and for brevity and clarity, the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific values included in the ranges.
Preferably, the ethylene-octene copolymer has a melt index of 1 to 5g/10min, such as 1g/10min, 1.5g/10min, 2g/10min, 2.5g/10min, 3g/10min, 3.5g/10min, 4g/10min, 4.5g/10min or 5g/10min, and specific points therebetween, not to be limited by space and for the sake of brevity, the invention is not exhaustive of the specific points included in the ranges.
Preferably, the grafting ratio of the maleic anhydride grafted EVA is 1 to 3%, such as 1.2%, 1.4%, 1.6%, 1.8%, 2%, 2.2%, 2.4%, 2.6% or 2.8%, and the specific values therebetween, limited to space and for the sake of brevity, are not exhaustive and do not include the specific values included in the ranges.
Preferably, the silica is a silane coupling agent modified silica.
Preferably, the silica has a particle size of 1 to 2 μm, such as 1.1 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.3 μm, 1.4 μm, 1.5 μm, 1.6 μm, 1.7 μm, 1.8 μm or 1.9 μm, and the specific values therebetween, are not exhaustive and the invention is not intended to include the specific values within the scope, for reasons of brevity and brevity.
Preferably, the silicone rubber is a methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber.
Preferably, the mass percentage content of phenyl groups in the methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber is 20-40%, for example, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 36% or 38%, and specific values therebetween are limited by space and for the sake of brevity, and the invention is not intended to be exhaustive of the specific values included in the ranges.
As a preferred technical scheme, the mass percentage of phenyl in the methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber added into the insulating cold-resistant cable material provided by the invention is 20-40%, and the obtained insulating cold-resistant cable material has excellent cold resistance; in addition, the silicon rubber with the phenyl content of 20-40% also has excellent flame retardance, and the flame retardance of the material can be greatly improved by matching with the added antimony trioxide; on one hand, if the content of phenyl exceeds 40 percent, the low temperature resistance of the silicon rubber can be greatly reduced; on the other hand, if the phenyl content is less than 20%, the silicone rubber has poor flame retardancy and cannot produce a systemic effect with antimony trioxide.
In the methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber, the silicone rubber with the mass percentage of phenyl of 20-40% is called as middle phenyl silicone rubber; the silicon rubber with the mass percent of phenyl lower than 20 percent is called low-phenyl silicon rubber; silicone rubber with a mass percent of phenyl groups higher than 40% is called high phenyl silicone rubber.
Preferably, the insulating cold-resistant cable material further comprises any one or a combination of at least two of silicone master batch, a stabilizer or a silane coupling agent.
Preferably, the content of the silicone master batch in the insulating cold-resistant cable material is 1 to 5 parts by weight, such as 1.5 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 2.5 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 3.5 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 4.5 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight or the like.
Preferably, the content of the stabilizer in the insulating and cold-resistant cable material is 1 to 5 parts by weight, such as 1.5 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 2.5 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 3.5 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 4.5 parts by weight or 5 parts by weight.
Preferably, the stabilizer comprises any one of calcium stearate, zinc stearate or tetrakis [ beta- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] pentaerythritol ester or a combination of at least two thereof.
Preferably, the content of the silane coupling agent in the insulating and cold-resistant cable material is 1 to 5 parts by weight, such as 1.5 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 2.5 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 3.5 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 4.5 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight or the like.
Preferably, the silane coupling agent comprises any one of or a combination of at least two of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma- (2,3-glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, or gamma-aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the insulating cold-resistant cable material according to the first aspect, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing metallocene polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, ethylene-octene copolymer, antimony trioxide, maleic anhydride grafted EVA, silicon dioxide, silicon rubber, epoxy octyl stearate, optional silicone master batch, optional stabilizer and optional silane coupling agent, and extruding to obtain blended particles;
(2) Preparing the blended particles obtained in the step (1) into a wire, and then carrying out irradiation crosslinking on the wire to obtain the insulating cold-resistant cable material.
Preferably, the mixing method in the step (1) is banburying.
Preferably, the temperature of the mixing in step (1) is 160 to 175 ℃, such as 160 ℃, 162 ℃, 165 ℃, 170 ℃, 172 ℃ or 175 ℃, and the specific values therebetween are not exhaustive for the invention and for the sake of brevity.
Preferably, the mixing time in step (1) is 15-25 min, such as 15min, 16min, 17min, 20min, 21min, 22min, 24min or 25min, and the specific values therebetween are limited by space and for the sake of brevity, and the invention is not exhaustive.
Preferably, the extrusion method in the step (1) is single-screw extruder extrusion.
Preferably, the single screw extruder comprises a first zone, a second zone, a third zone, a fourth zone, a fifth zone, a sixth zone and a seventh zone connected in sequence.
Preferably, the temperature of the first zone is 110 to 115 ℃ (for example, 110 ℃, 111 ℃, 112 ℃, 113 ℃, 114 ℃ or 115 ℃ can be used), the temperature of the second zone is 115 to 120 ℃ (for example, 115 ℃, 116 ℃, 117 ℃, 118 ℃, 119 ℃ or 120 ℃ can be used), the temperature of the third zone is 115 to 120 ℃ (for example, 115 ℃, 116 ℃, 117 ℃, 118 ℃, 119 ℃ or 120 ℃ can be used), the temperature of the fourth zone is 120 to 125 ℃ (e.g., 120 ℃, 121 ℃, 122 ℃, 123 ℃, 124 ℃, 125 ℃, etc.), the temperature of the fifth zone is 120 to 125 ℃ (e.g., 120 ℃, 121 ℃, 122 ℃, 123 ℃, 124 ℃, 125 ℃, etc.), the temperature of the sixth zone is 120 to 130 ℃ (e.g., 120 ℃, 122 ℃, 124 ℃, 126 ℃, 128 ℃, 130 ℃, etc.), and the temperature of the seventh zone is 125 to 130 ℃ (e.g., 125 ℃, 126 ℃, 127 ℃, 128 ℃, 129 ℃, 130 ℃, etc.).
Preferably, the strand extruder includes a zone a, a zone B, a zone C, and a zone D, which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the temperature of the A zone is 110 to 120 ℃ (for example, 110 ℃, 112 ℃, 114 ℃, 116 ℃, 118 ℃ or 120 ℃, etc.), the temperature of the B zone is 135 to 145 ℃ (for example, 135 ℃, 137 ℃, 139 ℃, 140 ℃, 142 ℃ or 145 ℃, etc.), the temperature of the C zone is 145 to 155 ℃ (for example, 145 ℃, 147 ℃, 150 ℃, 151 ℃, 152 ℃ or 155 ℃, etc.), and the temperature of the D zone is 150 to 160 ℃ (for example, 150 ℃, 152 ℃, 154 ℃, 156 ℃, 158 ℃ or 160 ℃, etc.).
In a third aspect, the invention provides a use of the insulating cold-resistant cable material in the first aspect in a photovoltaic power generation system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the insulating cold-resistant cable material provided by the invention, antimony trioxide and silicon dioxide are added into two matrixes, namely metallocene polyethylene and high-density polyethylene, so that the insulating cold-resistant cable material has excellent flame retardant property, the oxygen index is 31-39%, and a single combustion experiment can be passed; meanwhile, the silicon rubber and the epoxy octyl stearate are added to improve the cold resistance of the insulating cold-resistant cable material, the cold resistance temperature of the insulating cold-resistant cable material provided by the invention can be as low as-60 ℃, and no crack is generated when the insulating cold-resistant cable material is used at-40 ℃; the cable completely meets the performance requirement in the IEC62930 standard, and can be applied to the field of photovoltaic cables.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by way of specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
The reagents or materials used in the following examples are available from conventional manufacturers, with specific manufacturers and models as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Examples 1 to 5
The insulating and cold-resistant cable material comprises metallocene polyethylene with a melt index of 1g/10min, and the specific components are shown in Table 2, wherein the dosage unit of each component is weight part.
TABLE 2
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing high-density polyethylene, metallocene polyethylene, ethylene-octene copolymer, antimony trioxide, maleic anhydride grafted EVA, silicon dioxide, silicone master batch, medium phenyl silicone rubber, epoxy octyl stearate, stabilizer and silane coupling agent, melting and blending for 15min at 160 ℃ by using an internal mixer, and then preparing into particles by using a single-screw extruder, wherein the single-screw extruder comprises a first zone, a second zone, a third zone, a fourth zone, a fifth zone, a sixth zone and a seventh zone which are sequentially connected, the materials sequentially pass through the zones, the working temperature of the first zone is 110 ℃, the working temperature of the second zone is 115 ℃, the working temperature of the third zone is 115-DEG C, the working temperature of the fourth zone is 120 ℃, the working temperature of the fifth zone is 120 ℃, the working temperature of the sixth zone is 120 ℃, and the working temperature of the seventh zone is 125 ℃, so as to obtain blended particles;
(2) Adding the blended particles obtained in the step (1) into a wire extruder, wherein the wire extruder comprises an area A, an area B, an area C and an area D which are sequentially connected, the particles sequentially pass through the areas, the working temperature of the area A is 110 ℃, the working temperature of the area B is 135 ℃, the working temperature of the area C is 145 ℃, the working temperature of the area D is 150 ℃, and after wires are obtained, an electron accelerator is used for carrying out irradiation crosslinking, and the irradiation dose is 9Mrad, so that the insulating cold-resistant cable material is obtained.
Example 6
An insulating and cold-resistant cable material is different from the material in the embodiment 1 only in that low-phenyl silicone rubber is used for replacing the medium-phenyl silicone rubber in the embodiment 1, and other components, the using amount and the preparation method are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 7
An insulating and cold-resistant cable material is different from the material in the embodiment 1 only in that high-phenyl silicone rubber is used for replacing the medium-phenyl silicone rubber in the embodiment 1, and other components, the using amount and the preparation method are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
An insulating and cold-resistant cable material is different from the cable material in the embodiment 1 only in that no phenyl silicone rubber is added, the addition amount of the epoxy octyl stearate is 13 parts by weight, and other components, the using amount and the preparation method are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
The insulating and cold-resistant cable material is different from the insulating and cold-resistant cable material in example 1 only in that the addition amount of the phenyl silicone rubber is 4 parts by weight, the addition amount of the octyl epoxy stearate is 9 parts by weight, and other components, the using amount and the preparation method are the same as those in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The insulating and cold-resistant cable material is different from the insulating and cold-resistant cable material in example 1 only in that octyl epoxy stearate is not added, the adding amount of the phenyl silicone rubber is 13 parts by weight, and other components, the using amount and the preparation method are the same as those of the insulating and cold-resistant cable material in example 1.
Comparative example 4
The insulating and cold-resistant cable material is different from the insulating and cold-resistant cable material in example 1 only in that the addition amount of the phenyl silicone rubber is 8 parts by weight, the addition amount of the octyl epoxy stearate is 5 parts by weight, and other components, the using amount and the preparation method are the same as those in example 1.
And (3) performance testing:
(1) Single vertical combustion: the test was carried out according to GB/T18380-2008 "Combustion test under Cable and Cable flame conditions".
(2) Cold resistance: the test was carried out according to Q _ HWCCL33-2017 Cold-resistant type electric wire and cable.
(3) Cracking at-40 ℃: the test was carried out according to GB/T2951.6-97 GBT 2951.6-1997 general test method for cable insulation and sheathing materials.
(4) Oxygen index: the test was carried out according to ISO 4586 sheet made of thermosetting resin for high-pressure laminated decorative panels.
The insulating and cold-resistant cable materials obtained in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were tested according to the above test methods, and the test results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
According to data in table 3, the insulating cold-resistant cable material provided by the invention can be vertically combusted through a single cable, and the oxygen index is higher, which indicates that the cable material has good flame retardance; the cold resistance is high in grade and does not generate cracks at the temperature of minus 40 ℃, which shows that the cold resistance is good.
Specifically, the cold resistance grades of the insulating and cold-resistant cable materials obtained in examples 1 to 7 are 1 grade and 2 grade, which shows that the cold resistance can be as low as-60 ℃ and no crack is found at-40 ℃, while the cold resistance grades of the insulating and cold-resistant cable materials provided in comparative examples 1 to 4 are 3 grade and 4 grade, the cold resistance is-50 ℃ and slight crack or severe crack is generated at-40 ℃; the invention successfully provides a cable material with excellent cold resistance by adding the silicon rubber and the epoxy octyl stearate and controlling the dosage of the silicon rubber and the epoxy octyl stearate.
Secondly, comparing example 1, example 6 and example 7, it can be found that the insulating cold-resistant cable material provided in example 7 has a higher cold resistance grade, which indicates that the use of high phenyl silicone rubber improves the flame retardancy of the material, but the improvement range of the cold resistance of the material is smaller; on the other hand, the cold resistance of the insulating and cold-resistant cable material obtained by using the low-phenyl silicone rubber in example 6 is grade 1, but the oxygen index is reduced to some extent, which shows that the flame retardance is reduced, so that the insulating and cold-resistant cable material with excellent flame retardance and cold resistance can be obtained only by using the silicone rubber (middle-phenyl silicone rubber) with the phenyl content of 20-40%.
The applicant states that the invention is described by the above embodiments, but the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, the invention is not necessarily dependent on the above embodiments to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (23)
1. The insulating cold-resistant cable material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of high-density polyethylene, 10-30 parts of metallocene polyethylene, 5-10 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 40-60 parts of antimony trioxide, 5-10 parts of maleic anhydride grafted EVA, 1-3 parts of silicon dioxide, 6-8 parts of epoxy octyl stearate and 5-7 parts of silicon rubber;
the silicon rubber is methyl phenyl vinyl silicon rubber;
the mass percentage of phenyl in the methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber is 20-40%.
2. The insulating and cold-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallocene polyethylene has a melt index of 0.08-2 g/10min.
3. The insulating and cold-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ethylene-octene copolymer has a melt index of 1-5 g/10min.
4. The insulating and cold-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grafting ratio of the maleic anhydride grafted EVA is 1-3%.
5. The insulating and cold-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silica is silane coupling agent modified silica.
6. The insulating cold-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the particle size of the silica is 1-2 μm.
7. The insulating cold-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insulating cold-resistant cable material further comprises any one or a combination of at least two of silicone masterbatch, stabilizer or silane coupling agent.
8. The insulating cold-resistant cable material of claim 7, wherein the content of the silicone master batch in the insulating cold-resistant cable material is 1-5 parts by weight.
9. The insulating and cold-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the content of the stabilizer in the insulating and cold-resistant cable material is 1-5 parts by weight.
10. The insulating and cold-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the stabilizer comprises any one or a combination of at least two of calcium stearate, zinc stearate or tetrakis [ β - (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] pentaerythritol ester.
11. The insulating and cold-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the content of the silane coupling agent in the insulating and cold-resistant cable material is 1-5 parts by weight.
12. The insulating and cold-resistant cable material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the silane coupling agent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma- (2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane or gamma-aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane.
13. A method for preparing the insulating cold-resistant cable material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing and extruding high-density polyethylene, metallocene polyethylene, ethylene-octene copolymer, antimony trioxide, maleic anhydride grafted EVA, silicon dioxide, silicon rubber, epoxy octyl stearate, optional silicone master batch, optional stabilizer and optional silane coupling agent to obtain blended particles;
(2) Preparing the blended particles obtained in the step (1) into a wire, and then carrying out irradiation crosslinking on the wire to obtain the insulating cold-resistant cable material.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the mixing in step (1) is banburying.
15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the temperature for kneading in step (1) is 160 to 175 ℃.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein the mixing time in step (1) is 15 to 25min.
17. The method of claim 13, wherein the extrusion in step (1) is a single screw extruder.
18. The production method according to claim 17, wherein the single-screw extruder comprises a first zone, a second zone, a third zone, a fourth zone, a fifth zone, a sixth zone, and a seventh zone, which are connected in this order.
19. The process of claim 18, wherein the operating temperature of the first zone is 110 to 115 ℃, the operating temperature of the second zone is 115 to 120 ℃, the operating temperature of the third zone is 115 to 120 ℃, the operating temperature of the fourth zone is 120 to 125 ℃, the operating temperature of the fifth zone is 120 to 125 ℃, the operating temperature of the sixth zone is 120 to 30 ℃, and the operating temperature of the seventh zone is 125 to 130 ℃.
20. The production method according to claim 13, wherein the forming the strand of step (2) is performed by a strand extruder.
21. The production method according to claim 20, wherein the strand extruder comprises a zone a, a zone B, a zone C and a zone D which are connected in this order.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the temperature in zone a is 110 to 120 ℃, the temperature in zone B is 135 to 145 ℃, the temperature in zone C is 145 to 155 ℃ and the temperature in zone D is 150 to 160 ℃.
23. Use of the insulating cold-resistant cable material according to any one of claims 1 to 12 in a photovoltaic power generation system.
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| CN202011409696.5A CN112521675B (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Insulating cold-resistant cable material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN202011409696.5A CN112521675B (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Insulating cold-resistant cable material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN105244098A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-01-13 | 国家电网公司 | Cold-resistant anti-oxidation flame-retardant cable |
| CN111019224A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 江苏达胜高聚物股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic cable insulating material and preparation method thereof |
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