CN116939902A - Control system and method for micro heater - Google Patents
Control system and method for micro heater Download PDFInfo
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/24—Reminder alarms, e.g. anti-loss alarms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B3/00—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems
- G08B3/10—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
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Abstract
The application discloses a control system and a control method of a micro heater, which are characterized in that the system comprises a temperature measuring module, a control module, the micro heater and an alarm module; the control module is connected with the temperature measuring module and the micro heater; the alarm module is connected with the control module; the temperature measuring module comprises a plurality of paths of temperature sensors and transceivers; the method comprises the following steps: s10: the temperature measuring module acquires the temperature of the micro heater through multiple paths of temperatures to obtain temperature change information; s20: the control module receives the temperature change information, stores the temperature change information, and then obtains a heating time sequence command and an alarm command through an optimized heating control calculation method; s30: the micro heater receives the heating time sequence command and then carries out heating operation; s40: and the alarm module carries out alarm prompt after receiving the alarm command. The application solves the problems of low temperature control precision and low temperature rising speed of the micro heater during heating by optimizing the acquisition channel and the heating control algorithm.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of heaters, and designs a control system and a control method of a micro heater.
Background
The micro-heater generally adopts an electromagnetic heating mode, and the heating principle is pulse heating, namely high-frequency vibration of electromagnetic waves is utilized to enable molecules and atoms in the object to generate friction, so that heat is generated; one of the basic principles of the pulse heating technique is the principle of resistive heating, whereby a substance is heated because a current flowing in a pulse heating system passes through the substance, and heat loss occurs due to the resistive effect of the substance, thereby heating the substance and reaching a desired temperature.
However, in the pulse heating process, the actual object temperature and the temperature measured by the sensor have the defects of time-varying, non-linear and hysteresis, and the micro-heater has the advantages of small body size, sensitive temperature change and higher temperature control requirement than that of a common heater, so that the traditional method for heating and compensating by using the temperature sensor has lower efficiency, and the problems of low temperature control precision and low temperature rising speed of the micro-heater during heating are further improved by the control system and the method of the micro-heater.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present application provides a control system and method for a micro-heater, and the technical scheme of the present application includes the following steps:
the system comprises a temperature measurement module, a control module, a micro heater and an alarm module; the control module is connected with the temperature measuring module and the micro heater; the alarm module is connected with the control module; the temperature measuring module comprises a plurality of paths of temperature sensors and transceivers; the transceiver is respectively connected with the multi-path temperature sensor and the control module
The method comprises the following steps:
s10: the temperature measuring module acquires the temperature of the micro heater through a plurality of temperature sensors to obtain temperature change information;
s20: the control module receives the temperature change information, stores the temperature change information, and then obtains a heating time sequence command and an alarm command through an optimized heating control calculation method;
s30: the micro heater receives the heating time sequence command and then carries out heating operation;
s40: and the alarm module carries out alarm prompt after receiving the alarm command.
Preferably, the micro heater has a length, width and height of 1mm×0.8mm×0.2mm, and a resistance of 5 Ω/sq, and is made of a thin film material of NiCr alloy.
Preferably, an MSP430F1611 single-chip microcomputer is arranged in the control module, the MSP430F1611 single-chip microcomputer comprises 2 paths of universal interfaces UART0 and I0, the UART0 is connected with a temperature measuring module, the I0 is connected with a display terminal, and collected information of the temperature measuring module is presented through the display terminal.
Preferably, a buzzer is arranged in the alarm module, and the buzzer is started to give out an alarm prompt after the alarm command is received.
Preferably, the S1 includes: the multichannel temperature sensor measures the preliminary temperature information of the micro heater, then carries out filtering amplification operation and A/D conversion on the preliminary temperature information, converts the preliminary temperature information into digital information of preliminary temperature, and then transmits the digital information to the transceiver and outputs the digital information to obtain the temperature change information.
Preferably, the optimized heating control calculation method of S2 includes: constructing a linear relation function of energy and temperature of the micro heater, converting the temperature change information into energy change information, and obtaining a heating time sequence command and an alarm command through the energy change information; the heating time sequence command comprises a rapid heating command and a constant temperature command; firstly, presetting a safety threshold range of a micro heater, and outputting a rapid heating command by the control module when the temperature change information is lower than the safety threshold range; when the temperature change information is in the safety threshold range, the control module outputs a constant temperature command; the control module outputs an alarm command when the temperature change information is above the safety threshold range.
Preferably, said constructing a linear function of energy versus temperature of said micro-heater comprises: firstly, constructing an energy function of the micro heater, wherein the formula is as follows:
T p (t)＝ηI 2 Rt
wherein T is p Energy, η is heat conduction efficiency, I is a current value, R is a resistance value, and t is a duration;
and then fitting a linear relation function of the energy and the temperature of the micro heater by adopting a least square method, wherein the formula is as follows:
T p (Q)＝aQ 2 +bQ+c
wherein Q is the temperature of the micro heater; a. b and c are both constants.
Preferably, the control module outputting the constant temperature command includes: PD, PID and PI three control modes are used for controlling the output of constant temperature commands; firstly, presetting an energy error threshold range of the micro heater, and controlling by adopting the PD when the error of the energy change information is higher than the energy error threshold range; when the error of the energy change information is in the energy error threshold range, the PID is adopted for control; and when the error of the energy change information is lower than the energy error threshold range, adopting the PI to control.
Preferably, the control of the PD, PID and PI control modes to output the constant temperature command includes: the PID, PD and PI represent the control module to output a constant temperature command by a function;
the PID formula is:
the PD formula is:
Δγ 2 ＝K P [Δe(k)+T d (Δe(k)-Δe(k-1))]
the PI formula is:
wherein, gamma is the energy represented by the output constant temperature command, e (K) is the energy input of the control system, K P Is a proportional coefficient, T i Is an integral time constant, T d Is a differential time constant.
Preferably, the PID output constant temperature command includes: when the error of the energy change information is in a trend of becoming larger, increasing the proportionality coefficient of the PID formula; and when the error of the energy change information is in a diminishing trend, reducing the proportionality coefficient of the PID formula.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the temperature measuring module obtains the voltage and current signals output by the thermocouple, the thermal resistor and the temperature transmitter through a multi-path temperature sensor acquisition method, can quickly obtain various data to provide data support for calculation of the control module, can acquire temperature data of a plurality of areas to be measured at the same time, and saves the calculation cost and the data acquisition cost of a control system;
2. the control module solves the defects of time variability, nonlinearity and hysteresis of the actual heater temperature and the temperature measured by the sensor through an optimized heating control calculation method;
3. according to the application, the safety of the heater is guaranteed by adding the alarm module, and when the temperature exceeds the safety index, the buzzer can be used for rapidly reminding an operator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a control system for a micro-heater according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a control method of the micro-heater according to a preferred embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the information acquisition process of the temperature sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an algorithm for operating an output constant temperature command according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following examples of the present application are described in detail, and are given by way of illustration of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited to the following examples.
The application designs a control system and a control method of a micro heater, and the technical scheme comprises the following steps of:
as shown in fig. 1, a control system of a micro-heater comprises a temperature measuring module 1, a control module 2, a micro-heater 3 and an alarm module 4; the control module 2 is connected with the temperature measuring module 1 and the micro heater 3; the alarm module 4 is connected with the control module 2; the temperature measuring module 1 comprises a plurality of paths of temperature sensors 11 and a transceiver 12; the transceiver 12 is connected to the multi-path temperature sensor 11 and the control module 2, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, a control method of the micro-heater includes the steps of:
s10: the temperature measuring module 1 acquires the temperature of the micro heater 3 through a plurality of temperature sensors to obtain temperature change information;
s20: the control module 2 receives the temperature change information, stores the temperature change information, and then obtains a heating time sequence command and an alarm command through an optimized heating control calculation method;
s30: the micro heater 3 receives the heating time sequence command and then carries out heating operation;
s40: the alarm module 4 receives the alarm command and then carries out alarm prompt.
Specifically, the system of the application is firstly connected with a power supply, then the temperature change information is collected through the temperature measuring module 1, and the information is collected by the contact type temperature measuring sensor, such as a resistor, a thermistor, a thermocouple and the like. According to the application requirements of the site, as shown in fig. 3, the voltage and current signals output by the thermocouple, the thermal resistor and the temperature transmitter are mainly measured by multi-path temperature acquisition, the signals are filtered, amplified and AD converted, the acquired data are sent to the CC2530 transceiver 12 for analysis and processing, the CC2530 transceiver 12 executes corresponding control operation, and the acquired results are stored in an external memory. For measuring temperature information: the temperature measuring module 1 is composed of a plurality of paths of temperature sensors 11 and a CC2530 transceiver 12, wherein the temperature sensors 11 firstly measure ambient temperature information, then the temperature information is converted into digital signals (the ambient temperature information is subjected to filtering amplification operation and A/D conversion operation to be digital signals) and transmitted to the CC2530 transceiver 12, ambient temperature values are obtained, and the rest information is similar to the temperature information.
After the information acquired by the temperature measuring module 1 is transmitted into the control module 2, an MSP430F1611 singlechip in the control module 2 is provided with 2 paths of universal interfaces, UART0 and I0 ports, and the UART0 is connected with the temperature measuring module 1 to realize the timing acquisition and real-time storage of data; i0 port is connected with display terminal, and is used for displaying time and temperature condition, storing data, then on-line calculating to obtain heating time sequence, and having data playback function; the conventional temperature control adopts a thermocouple temperature feedback control method, and key factors influencing temperature accurate control during dynamic response characteristics of a thermocouple are more adaptive to the linear relation between current and temperature (the problem that the matching effect between the temperature monitored by a sensor and the temperature of an actual heater is not ideal, hysteresis exists, and the hysteresis is stronger when the temperature rising speed is higher), so that the application designs an optimized temperature control method based on the linear relation between energy and temperature to control the micro heater 3, and firstly, a linear relation function between the energy and the temperature of the micro heater 3 is constructed, wherein the formula is as follows:
T p (t)＝ηI 2 Rt
wherein T is p Energy, η is heat conduction efficiency, I is a current value, R is a resistance value, and t is a duration;
then, a least square method is adopted to fit a linear relation function of the energy and the temperature of the micro heater 3, and the formula is as follows:
T p (Q)＝aQ 2 +bQ+c
wherein Q is the temperature of the micro-heater 3; a. b and c are both constants.
Then converting the temperature change information into energy change information, and obtaining a heating time sequence command and an alarm command through the energy change information; the heating time sequence command comprises a rapid heating command and a constant temperature command; firstly, presetting a safety threshold range of the micro heater 3, and outputting a rapid heating command by the control module 2 when the temperature change information is lower than the safety threshold range; when the temperature change information is within the safety threshold range, the control module 2 outputs a constant temperature command; when the temperature change information is higher than the safety threshold range, the control module 2 outputs an alarm command. The output rapid temperature rise command and the constant temperature command enable the micro electric heater to heat, the size of the micro electric heater used by the application is 1mm multiplied by 0.8mm multiplied by 0.2mm (length, width and height), the sheet resistance is R=5Ω/sq, and the micro electric heater is manufactured by adopting a symmetrical loop line type structure and adopting a film material of NiCr alloy.
When the control module 2 outputs a constant temperature command, the control module is operated to respectively control the heating processes of the micro heater 3 in different states by adopting PID, PD, PI, and particularly, PID control (a control system for controlling the proportion, integration and differentiation of errors generated by comparing information acquired by real-time data of a controlled object with a given value) is adopted, wherein Proportional Integral Derivative is called as a PID control system for short. However, the proportional control cannot eliminate steady state errors. The increase in the scaling factor may cause instability of the system. The effect of the integral (I) control is: as long as the system has errors, the integral controller continuously integrates and outputs control quantity to eliminate the errors. Thus, as long as there is enough time, the integral control will be able to completely eliminate the error, bringing the systematic error to zero, thus eliminating the steady state error. Too strong an integration can cause the system to overshoot and even oscillate. The differential (D) control can reduce overshoot, overcome oscillation, improve the stability of the system, and increase the dynamic response speed of the system.
As shown in fig. 4, an energy error threshold range [ ∈of the micro-heater 3 is first preset 1 ，∈ 2 ]When the error of the energy variation information is higher than the energy errorWhen the difference is within the threshold range, i.e. E 2 <I e (k) is controlled by PD; when the error of the energy variation information is within the energy error threshold range, i.e. E 1 <|e(k)|<∈ 2 PID is adopted for control; when the error of the energy variation information is below the energy error threshold range, i.e., |e (k) |<∈ 1 PI is adopted for control.
Preferably, the control of the PD, PID and PI control modes to output the constant temperature command includes: PID, PD and PI represent the control module 2 to output the constant temperature command with the function;
the PID formula is:
the PD formula is:
Δγ 2 ＝K P [Δe(k)+T d (Δe(k)-Δe(k-1))]
the PI formula is:
wherein, gamma is the energy represented by the output constant temperature command, e (K) is the energy input of the control system, K P Is a proportional coefficient, T i Is an integral time constant, T d Is a differential time constant. The PID output constant temperature command includes: when the error of the energy variation information is in a greater trend, i.e., e (k) Δe (k)>0, increasing the scaling factor (K) of the PID formula P ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the error of the energy variation information is in a decreasing trend, i.e. e (k) Δe (k)<0, decreasing the scaling factor (K) P )。
In addition, as shown in fig. 3, the added alarm module 4 is connected with the CC2530 transceiver 12 through the control module, a buzzer is arranged in the alarm module, the CC2530 transceiver 12 is controlled by receiving an alarm command, and the buzzer is started to send out an alarm prompt and stop outputting data.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the application without requiring creative effort by one of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by a person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A control system and method of micro heater is characterized in that the control system comprises:
the system comprises a temperature measurement module, a control module, a micro heater and an alarm module; the control module is connected with the temperature measuring module and the micro heater; the alarm module is connected with the control module; the temperature measuring module comprises a plurality of paths of temperature sensors and transceivers; the transceivers are respectively connected with the multi-path temperature sensor and the control module;
the method comprises the following steps:
s10: the temperature measuring module collects the temperature of the micro heater and obtains temperature change information;
s20: the control module receives the temperature change information, stores the temperature change information, and then obtains a heating time sequence command and an alarm command through an optimized heating control calculation method;
s30: the micro heater receives the heating time sequence command and then carries out heating operation;
s40: and the alarm module carries out alarm prompt after receiving the alarm command.
2. The control system and method of a micro-heater according to claim 1, wherein the micro-heater comprises:
the length, width and height of the micro heater are 1mm multiplied by 0.8mm multiplied by 0.2mm, the resistance is 5 omega/sq, and the micro heater is made of a film material of NiCr alloy.
3. The control system and method of a micro-heater according to claim 1, wherein the control module comprises:
the MSP430F1611 single-chip microcomputer is arranged in the control module, the MSP430F1611 single-chip microcomputer comprises 2 paths of universal interfaces UART0 and I0, the UART0 is connected with the temperature measuring module, the I0 is connected with the display terminal, and the acquired temperature change information of the temperature measuring module is displayed through the display terminal.
4. The control system and method of a micro-heater according to claim 1, wherein the alarm module comprises:
and a buzzer is arranged in the alarm module, and the buzzer is started to give out an alarm prompt after the alarm command is received.
5. The control system and method of a micro-heater according to claim 1, wherein S1 comprises:
the multichannel temperature sensor measures the preliminary temperature information of the micro heater, then carries out filtering amplification operation and A/D conversion on the preliminary temperature information, converts the preliminary temperature information into digital information of preliminary temperature, and then transmits the digital information to the transceiver and outputs the digital information to obtain the temperature change information.
6. The control system and method of a micro-heater according to claim 1, wherein the optimized heating control calculation method of S2 includes:
constructing a linear relation function of energy and temperature of the micro heater, converting the temperature change information into energy change information, and obtaining a heating time sequence command and an alarm command through the energy change information; the heating time sequence command comprises a rapid heating command and a constant temperature command; firstly, presetting a safety threshold range of a micro heater, and outputting a rapid heating command by the control module when the temperature change information is lower than the safety threshold range; when the temperature change information is in the safety threshold range, the control module outputs a constant temperature command; the control module outputs an alarm command when the temperature change information is above the safety threshold range.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said constructing a linear function of energy versus temperature for said micro-heater comprises:
firstly, constructing an energy function of the micro heater, wherein the formula is as follows:
T p (t)＝ηI 2 Rt
wherein T is p Energy, η is heat conduction efficiency, I is a current value, R is a resistance value, and t is a duration;
and then fitting a linear relation function of the energy and the temperature of the micro heater by adopting a least square method, wherein the formula is as follows:
T p (Q)＝aQ 2 +bQ+c
wherein Q is the temperature of the micro heater; a. b and c are both constants.
8. The control system and method of a micro-heater according to claim 6, wherein the control module outputting a constant temperature command comprises:
PD, PID and PI three control modes are used for controlling the output of constant temperature commands; firstly, presetting an energy error threshold range of the micro heater, and controlling by adopting the PD when the error of the energy change information is higher than the energy error threshold range; when the error of the energy change information is in the energy error threshold range, the PID is adopted for control; and when the error of the energy change information is lower than the energy error threshold range, adopting the PI to control.
9. The control system and method of a micro-heater according to claim 8, wherein the control of the PD, PID and PI control modes to output the constant temperature command comprises:
the PID, PD and PI output constant temperature commands by the control module through function output results;
the PID formula is:
the PD formula is:
Δγ 2 ＝K P [Δe(k)+T d (Δe(k)-Δe(k-1))]
the PI formula is:
wherein, gamma is the energy represented by the output constant temperature command, e (K) is the energy input of the control system, K P Is a proportional coefficient, T i Is an integral time constant, T d Is a differential time constant, k-1 is one period.
10. The control system and method of a micro-heater according to claim 9, wherein the PID output constant temperature command comprises:
when the error of the energy change information is in a trend of becoming larger, increasing the proportionality coefficient of the PID formula; and when the error of the energy change information is in a diminishing trend, reducing the proportionality coefficient of the PID formula.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112008951A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-12-01 | 珠海博杰电子股份有限公司 | Intelligent energy-saving control system for injection molding drying temperature |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112008951A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-12-01 | 珠海博杰电子股份有限公司 | Intelligent energy-saving control system for injection molding drying temperature |
| CN116349953A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-06-30 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Temperature control method and system for heating smoking set |
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| Title |
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| 宋耀宗;史建卫;饶庶民;: "热风回流炉温度控制系统的研究", 电子工艺技术, no. 03, 18 May 2011 (2011-05-18) * |
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