CN116938136A - Photovoltaic generated energy on-line detection device - Google Patents
Photovoltaic generated energy on-line detection device Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 28
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to an online detection device for photovoltaic power generation. The photovoltaic power generation capacity on-line measuring device include: the system comprises an electric power detection unit, a scale factor obtaining module, an electric power prediction module and a control analysis module. The electric power detection unit is used for detecting each photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic power station in real time and obtaining the generated power of the photovoltaic unit. The scaling factor obtaining module is used for obtaining the photovoltaic unit conversion scaling parameter factor. And obtaining the current photovoltaic unit conversion factor through calculation of the proportion parameter factor. The electric power prediction module is used for obtaining predicted power according to the calculation of the current photovoltaic unit conversion factor. The control analysis module is used for marking the photovoltaic unit and sending an alarm signal. The fluctuation of the actual power generation power and the predicted power is organically combined for judgment, so that the environmental factor interference can be effectively eliminated, the loss caused by long-term non-treatment of the occurrence of problems is avoided, and the management of a large-scale photovoltaic power station is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to an online detection device for photovoltaic power generation.
Background
Photovoltaic power generation is based on the principle of photovoltaic effect, and solar energy is directly converted into electric energy by using a solar cell. The photovoltaic power generation system mainly comprises three parts of a solar panel (component), a controller and an inverter, wherein the three parts mainly comprise electronic components, but do not relate to mechanical parts. The photovoltaic power generation equipment is extremely refined, reliable, stable, long in service life and simple and convenient to install and maintain. In theory, the photovoltaic power generation technology can be used for any occasion needing power supply, namely, up to a spacecraft, down to a household power supply, up to a megawatt power station, down to a toy, and the photovoltaic power supply can be ubiquitous.
The photovoltaic power generation has volatility and intermittence, and the grid-connected operation of the large-scale photovoltaic power station can influence the safe, stable and economic operation of the power system. The output power of the photovoltaic power station is predicted, the coordination and coordination of the conventional power supply and the photovoltaic power generation are comprehensively arranged by a power grid dispatching department, the dispatching plan is timely adjusted, and the power grid operation mode is reasonably arranged, so that on one hand, the adverse effect of photovoltaic access on the power grid is effectively reduced, the operation safety and stability of the power system are improved, on the other hand, the rotation standby capacity and operation cost of the power system are reduced, the solar energy resource is fully utilized, and the greater economic benefit and social benefit are obtained.
The existing photovoltaic equipment needs related personnel to periodically carry out inspection on the equipment so as to detect whether the photovoltaic panel is abnormal, the spot inspection difficulty is high for a large-scale photovoltaic power station, the spot inspection phenomenon is easy to occur, long-term damage is caused, maintenance is not carried out, and thus great loss is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a photovoltaic power generation amount online detection device for detecting a photovoltaic power station, which comprises:
an electric power detection unit for detecting each photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic power station in real time and obtaining the generated power P of the photovoltaic unit j i Wherein j is the statistical ordering of the photovoltaic units, i is the number of the same photovoltaic unit according to the time statistical data;
a scale factor obtaining module for obtaining the photovoltaic unit conversion scale parameter factor a m Wherein m is a scale factor parameterAnd (5) factor ordering. And by a scale parameter factor a m Calculating to obtain the current photovoltaic unit conversion factor A j i Wherein
An electric power prediction module for converting the factor A according to the current photovoltaic unit j i Calculating to obtain predicted powerThe ratio of the converted electric quantity of the unit illumination intensity is b, which can be obtained through experiments, and the ratio b does not relate to the photovoltaic panel and the environmental factors, namely the environmental parameter factors and the self parameter factors, and is the unit conversion ratio of the completely converted electric energy of the illumination energy.
A control analysis module for judgingWhether or not it is smaller than a preset-delta P Label (C) If yes, marking the photovoltaic unit j and sending an alarm signal I; said- ΔP Label (C) Is negative.
Preferably: the electric power detection unit can comprise a current detection unit and a voltage detection unit, wherein the current detection unit is used for detecting the real-time actual current I of the photovoltaic unit j i Real-time actual voltage U of photovoltaic unit is detected through voltage detection unit j i Through P j i ＝U j i I j i And calculating to obtain the power generation.
Preferably: the scale parameter factors include environmental parameter factors, self parameter factors.
Preferably: the environmental parameter factors include a temperature parameter factor, a solar intensity parameter factor, and a dust cover parameter factor.
Preferably: the self-parameter factors include an output bias factor and a loss bias factor.
Preferably: the temperature parameter factor is obtained by detecting the temperature T, and searching a preset temperature-parameter factor information table through the temperature T, wherein the temperature-parameter factor information table can be obtained through experience or experiment, and the temperature T is the temperature inside the photovoltaic panel and is not the ambient temperature, and can be directly obtained by detecting the photovoltaic panel.
Preferably: the sunlight intensity parameter factor is not the illumination intensity in the environment, but the illumination intensity irradiated on the surface of the photovoltaic unit, and the specific obtaining method comprises the steps of detecting and obtaining the sunlight irradiation intensity L, and detecting and obtaining the included angle alpha between the sunlight irradiation and the plane of the photovoltaic unit, thereby obtaining the sunlight intensity parameter factor a m LSin alpha.
Preferably: the method for obtaining the included angle alpha between sunlight irradiation and the plane of the photovoltaic unit can be realized by vertically arranging a long angle l on the plane of the photovoltaic unit 1 And obtain the mark with the shadow length of l 2 ThenSo the solar intensity parameter factor at this time is +.>
Preferably: the dust covering parameter factor obtaining method comprises the steps of carrying out microscopic photographing on a detection plate with an area S to obtain a microscopic photograph, carrying out background separation on the microscopic photograph, and identifying the dust quantity n and the dust radius r h Wherein h is the dust number, and the dust covering rate C is calculated, and the covering rate can be calculated byWhere f is the adjustment factor, dust cover parameter factor = 1-C, where dust is open environment dust, defaulting to spherical.
Preferably: the output deviation factor is 0.95.
Preferably: the loss bias factor was 0.95.
Preferably: the judgment control analysis module is also used for judgingWhether or not is less than->If yes, marking the photovoltaic unit j, sending an alarm signal II, otherwise, not sending an alarm signal, wherein kappa is a normal fluctuation coefficient, and positioning the organic photovoltaic unit j by simultaneously obtaining the alarm signal I and the alarm signal II.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: and the actual power does not reach the predicted power, and the warning is carried out when the power is not ideal, and the number of the photovoltaic unit is marked, so that countermeasures are facilitated. The method has the advantages that the actual power generation power and the predicted power are subjected to organic combined fluctuation to judge, and the interference of environmental factors can be eliminated, so that the photovoltaic unit with low level and problems is subjected to positioning maintenance, and timely countermeasures are facilitated. According to the invention, whether the photovoltaic panel fails or not is judged through real-time online detection of the generated energy, the photovoltaic panel is divided to obtain the photovoltaic units, and the photovoltaic units are transversely compared, so that fluctuation analysis of the photovoltaic units is facilitated, and the failed photovoltaic units are conveniently found. Avoiding the loss caused by long-term non-treatment of the problems and being convenient for the management of a large-scale photovoltaic power station.
Through carrying out the analysis on the time axis to each photovoltaic unit, can be to getting rid of the fluctuation interference that external factor influences to analyze from the time, if a certain photovoltaic unit damages suddenly, can carry out accurate location through comparing the historical data analysis, thereby be convenient for the detection of damage. According to the invention, through real-time online detection of the generated energy and through the longitudinal time axis of the same photovoltaic unit, whether the photovoltaic panel fails or not is judged, so that fluctuation analysis of the photovoltaic unit is facilitated, and the failed photovoltaic unit is conveniently found out. The fault location is completed through the matching of the transverse aspect and the longitudinal aspect, and the location is more accurate and reliable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of an on-line detection device for photovoltaic power generation.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The embodiments of the invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, a photovoltaic power generation amount online detection apparatus is provided for detecting a photovoltaic power station, where the photovoltaic power generation amount online detection apparatus includes:
the electric power detection unit is used for detecting each photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic power station in real time and obtaining the generated power P of the photovoltaic unit j i Wherein j is the statistical ordering of the photovoltaic units, and i is the number of the same photovoltaic unit according to the time statistical data. The photovoltaic units can be ordered according to the installation positions of the photovoltaic units, the photovoltaic units can be numbered, and the numbers correspond to i, so that statistics and maintenance countermeasures of the photovoltaic units are facilitated. The photovoltaic power station is a photovoltaic power generation assembly, is the whole of all power generation photovoltaic units, and can be used for compiling all photovoltaic units of a region or a company into a photovoltaic power station. The photovoltaic unit can be set according to actual requirements, can be a photovoltaic panel, 10 photovoltaic panel integration, a photovoltaic power generation point and the like, is designed according to scale and detection requirements, and is not described in detail herein. The electric power detection unit can comprise a current detection unit and a voltage detection unit, wherein the current detection unit is used for detecting the real-time actual current I of the photovoltaic unit j i Real-time actual voltage U of photovoltaic unit is detected through voltage detection unit j i Through P j i ＝U j i I j i Calculated to obtainPower generation. Of course also through P j i ＝(I j i ) 2 R and other modes can be calculated and obtained, and the generated power in unit area can be obtained through the ratio of the generated power to the generated area, and detailed description is omitted here. Of course, the real-time detection can also be performed through an electric power meter, and detailed description is omitted here.
A scale factor obtaining module for obtaining the conversion scale parameter factor a of the photovoltaic unit m Where m is the scale factor parameter factor ordering. And by a scale parameter factor a m Calculating to obtain the current photovoltaic unit conversion factor A j i WhereinThe scale parameter factor a m For the scale parameter factors of the corresponding photovoltaic units, no numbering calculation is performed on the corresponding photovoltaic units in the calculation formula, and the description is given here. In the actual power generation process of the photovoltaic panel, the factors influencing the power generation power of the photovoltaic panel are many, and the scale parameter factors are different in different areas or different time phases. Since the scale factor of one area can be considered to be substantially the same as the scale factor of the same area and is a measured value, the sunlight irradiation intensity of one area is substantially the same here, for example, the sunlight irradiation intensity of one area is substantially the same, and if the sunlight irradiation intensity is changed according to a specific form, a plurality of sunlight irradiation intensities should be set according to a specific form, and of course, there are few cases where the photovoltaic panel is installed in an area without a shade, and the illumination condition is relatively uniform. The scale parameter factors may include environmental parameter factors, self parameter factors; the environmental parameter factors may include a temperature parameter factor, a solar intensity parameter factor, and a dust cover parameter factor; the self-parameter factors include an output bias factor and a loss bias factor. The environmental parameter factor is a scale parameter factor which is affected by different external environments, and the self parameter factor is conversion loss generated by the self quality and principle operation of the photovoltaic panel. The temperature parameter factor is detected to obtain temperature T, and a preset temperature-parameter is searched through the temperature TThe temperature-parameter factor information table can be obtained through experience or experiment, the temperature T is the temperature inside the photovoltaic panel and is not the ambient temperature, and the temperature-parameter factor information table can be directly obtained through detection of the photovoltaic panel, for example, when the temperature inside the photovoltaic panel reaches 60 ℃, the temperature parameter factor is 0.88 through searching the temperature-parameter factor information table. The sunlight intensity parameter factor is not the illumination intensity in the environment, but the illumination intensity irradiated on the surface of the photovoltaic unit, and the specific obtaining method comprises the steps of detecting and obtaining the sunlight irradiation intensity L, and detecting and obtaining the included angle alpha between the sunlight irradiation and the plane of the photovoltaic unit, thereby obtaining the sunlight intensity parameter factor a m LSin alpha. The method for obtaining the included angle alpha between sunlight irradiation and the plane of the photovoltaic unit can be realized by vertically arranging a long angle l on the plane of the photovoltaic unit 1 And obtain the mark with the shadow length of l 2 Then->So the solar intensity parameter factor at this time is +.>Of course, there are other detection methods, and details thereof will not be described herein. The dust covering parameter factor obtaining mode can be obtained by detecting the dust quantity in a unit area, and can be that the dust quantity in the unit area is counted, specifically, a microscopic picture can be obtained by microscopic photographing of a detection plate with an area of S, background separation is carried out on the microscopic picture, and the dust quantity n and the dust radius r are identified h Wherein h is a dust number, and the dust coverage C is calculated, and the coverage can be obtained by +.>Wherein f is an adjustment factor, the dust covering parameter factor=1-C, f can be obtained through experiments, the detection plate can be a photovoltaic plate or a blue plate which is convenient for separating the background, details are omitted herein, the counting and radius calculation of dust are the prior art, and details are omitted herein. Here, the dust is open environment dust, defaults toIs spherical and is not described in detail herein. The dc power output by the photovoltaic panel is the nominal power of the solar panel. Photovoltaic panels that are run in the field often fail standard test conditions, with an output deviation factor of typically 0.95. The mismatch of the photovoltaic panels, loss of wiring, and the like can cause loss of electricity in the transportation process, so that the loss deviation factor can be generally calculated by 0.95.
An electric power prediction module for converting factor A according to current photovoltaic unit j i Calculating to obtain predicted powerThe a is the unit conversion ratio of the illumination energy to the electric energy, and the a can be obtained through experiments, and the a does not relate to the photovoltaic panel and the environmental factors, namely, the environmental parameter factors and the self parameter factors, are not related, and are the unit conversion ratio of the illumination energy to the electric energy completely, and are not described in detail herein.
A control analysis module for judgingWhether or not it is smaller than a preset-delta P Label (C) If so, the photovoltaic unit j is marked and an alarm signal is sent. Said- ΔP Label (C) Is negative, and the specific value is set according to the actual situation. The actual power does not reach the predicted power, and alarms when the power is not ideal, and the number of the photovoltaic unit is marked, so that countermeasures are facilitated. The fluctuation of the actual power generation power and the predicted power is judged, and the interference of environmental factors can be eliminated, so that the photovoltaic unit with low level and problems is subjected to positioning maintenance, and timely countermeasures are facilitated. According to the invention, whether the photovoltaic panel fails or not is judged through real-time online detection of the generated energy, the photovoltaic panel is segmented to obtain the photovoltaic units, and the photovoltaic units are transversely compared, so that fluctuation analysis of the photovoltaic units is facilitated, and the failed photovoltaic units are conveniently found. Avoiding the loss caused by long-term non-treatment of the problems and being convenient for the management of a large-scale photovoltaic power station.
Example 2
The control analysis module is also used for judgingWhether or not is less than->If yes, marking the photovoltaic unit j, sending an alarm signal, otherwise, not sending the alarm signal, wherein kappa is a normal fluctuation coefficient, can be set according to equipment parameters, can also be obtained through experiments, and can generally take a value of 0.95, and is not described in detail herein. Through carrying out the analysis on the time axis to each photovoltaic unit, can be to getting rid of the fluctuation interference that external factor influences to analyze from the time, if a certain photovoltaic unit damages suddenly, can carry out accurate location through comparing the historical data analysis, thereby be convenient for the detection of damage. According to the invention, through real-time online detection of the generated energy and through the longitudinal time axis of the same photovoltaic unit, whether the photovoltaic panel fails or not is judged, so that fluctuation analysis of the photovoltaic unit is facilitated, and the failed photovoltaic unit is conveniently found out. The fault location is completed through the matching of the transverse aspect and the longitudinal aspect, and the location is more accurate and reliable.
It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art and which are included in the embodiments of the present invention without the inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. Structures, devices and methods of operation not specifically described and illustrated herein, unless otherwise indicated and limited, are implemented according to conventional means in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a photovoltaic generated energy on-line measuring device which characterized in that, photovoltaic generated energy on-line measuring device include:
an electric power detection unit for detecting each photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic power station in real time and obtaining the generated power P of the photovoltaic unit j i Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,j is the statistical ordering of the photovoltaic units, i is the number of the photovoltaic units according to the time statistical data;
a scale factor obtaining module for obtaining the photovoltaic unit conversion scale parameter factor a m Wherein m is a scale factor parameter factor ordering; and by a scale parameter factor a m Calculating to obtain the current photovoltaic unit conversion factor A j i Wherein
An electric power prediction module for converting the factor A according to the current photovoltaic unit j i Calculating to obtain predicted powerB is the conversion electric quantity proportion of the unit illumination intensity;
a control analysis module for judgingWhether or not it is smaller than a preset-delta P Label (C) If so, the photovoltaic unit j is marked and an alarm signal is sent.
2. The photovoltaic power generation amount online detection device according to claim 1, wherein the electric power detection unit comprises a current detection unit and a voltage detection unit, and the real-time actual current I of the photovoltaic unit is detected by the current detection unit j i Real-time actual voltage U of photovoltaic unit is detected through voltage detection unit j i Through P j i ＝U j i I j i And calculating to obtain the power generation.
3. The photovoltaic power generation on-line detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the scale parameter factors include an environmental parameter factor and a self parameter factor.
4. A photovoltaic power generation amount online detection apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the environmental parameter factors include a temperature parameter factor, a sunlight intensity parameter factor, and a dust cover parameter factor.
5. A photovoltaic power generation amount online detection apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the self parameter factors include an output deviation factor and a loss deviation factor.
6. The photovoltaic power generation amount online detection device according to claim 4, wherein the temperature parameter factor is obtained by detecting a temperature T, and searching a preset temperature-parameter factor information table through the temperature T.
7. The device for on-line detecting photovoltaic power generation amount according to claim 4, wherein the method for obtaining the solar intensity parameter factor comprises detecting and obtaining the solar irradiation intensity L, and detecting and obtaining the solar irradiation and photovoltaic unit plane included angle α, thereby obtaining the solar intensity parameter factor a m LSin alpha.
8. The photovoltaic power generation amount online detection apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the method for obtaining the included angle α between the sunlight irradiation and the plane of the photovoltaic unit is achieved by vertically arranging a long section l on the plane of the photovoltaic unit 1 And obtain the mark with the shadow length of l 2 Then
9. The device for online detection of photovoltaic power generation according to claim 4, wherein the dust cover parameter factor obtaining means comprises performing microscopic photographing on a detection plate with an area S to obtain a micrograph, performing background separation on the micrograph, and identifying the dust amount n and the dust radius r h Wherein h is the dust number, and the dust covering rate C is calculated, and the covering rate can be calculated byWhere f is the adjustment factor, dust cover parameter factor = 1-C.
10. The photovoltaic power generation amount online detection device according to claim 1, wherein the control analysis module is further configured to determineWhether or not is less than->If yes, marking the photovoltaic unit j, sending an alarm signal, otherwise, not sending the alarm signal, wherein kappa is a normal fluctuation coefficient.
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- 2023-07-25 CN CN202310914965.0A patent/CN116938136A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106203709A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 国网江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Based on polyfactorial photovoltaic plant medium-term and long-term generated energy Forecasting Methodology |
| CN108564223A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-21 | 中国农业大学 | The combination evaluation method and device of photovoltaic power generation power prediction method |
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