CN116937314A - All-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on hot atom steam chamber - Google Patents
All-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on hot atom steam chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN116937314A CN116937314A CN202310176203.5A CN202310176203A CN116937314A CN 116937314 A CN116937314 A CN 116937314A CN 202310176203 A CN202310176203 A CN 202310176203A CN 116937314 A CN116937314 A CN 116937314A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 149
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical group [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical group [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical group [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/136—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/137—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling devices placed within the cavity for stabilising of frequency
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Abstract
The invention relates to an all-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on a thermal atom steam chamber, which comprises: a first frequency locking assembly of a fiber laser light source and a second frequency locking assembly of a single frequency fiber laser light source, wherein: in the first frequency locking assembly, a feedback signal obtained by a proportional-integral-derivative circuit (14) is fed back to piezoelectric ceramics of a fiber laser light source (1) to control the cavity length so as to realize the stability of frequency; in the second frequency locking assembly, a feedback signal obtained by the proportional-integral-derivative circuit (30) is fed back to piezoelectric ceramics of the single-frequency fiber laser light source (22) to control the cavity length so as to realize the stability of frequency. The technical scheme provided by the invention can effectively perform laser frequency stabilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser frequency stabilization, in particular to an all-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on a thermal atom steam chamber.
Background
The single-frequency fiber laser has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, good heat dissipation, high beam output quality and the like, is widely applied to the fields of precision measurement, fiber communication, high-resolution spectroscopy, optical frequency scale and the like, and has important significance for the development of science and technology. After the laser obtains a single-frequency single-mode output through a mode selection technology, the resonance frequency of the laser changes during free running due to unstable external conditions and changes of internal conditions, and the phenomenon is called frequency drift. Meanwhile, the frequency of the laser is subject to jitter due to interference such as vibration and noise, and the jitter and drift of the frequency affect the measurement result of the experiment, so that the frequency of the laser needs to be actively locked. The main purpose of frequency stabilization is to feed back the laser frequency through an executive component such as modulating current, temperature or piezoelectric ceramics, so that the laser frequency is less influenced by the outside, thereby improving the stability of the laser frequency and reducing the drift and jitter of the laser frequency. Factors affecting laser frequency stability mainly include the cavity length of the resonant cavity, and changes in working element temperature, ambient refractive index and vibration. The frequency stabilization method is mainly divided into two types, namely passive frequency stabilization and active frequency stabilization. The method for stabilizing the frequency of the common laser is to compare a stable reference frequency with the frequency of a single-frequency laser, when the laser frequency deviates from the reference frequency, the frequency discrimination unit generates an error signal, the error signal is input into a feedback executive component after proportional integral processing, the executive component changes the laser frequency by modulating current, temperature or a piezoelectric actuator to change the cavity length, and the like, so that the frequency of the laser returns to the standard reference frequency, and the frequency stabilization is realized.
In recent years, the measurement of microwave electric field intensity using a reed burg atom has become one of hot spots for precise measurement. The laser is often required to be frequency stabilized in order to improve measurement accuracy. The active frequency stabilization modes commonly used in the experiment include saturated absorption method frequency stabilization, modulation transfer spectrum frequency stabilization, PDH frequency stabilization and the like. The frequency stabilizing light path is built on the optical platform and belongs to a free space light path. The free space light path is greatly affected by air temperature, humidity, air flow disturbance and vibration of the platform. These factors all affect the effect of laser stabilization. And the optical devices used in the free space optical path are more, the volume is larger, the stability is poor, and the optical path is complicated to adjust, so that the construction of a portable miniaturized detection system is not facilitated. The portable miniaturized detection system has important significance for practical application and industrial transformation, so that the design of a complex and complicated optical path system on an optical platform is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an all-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on a thermal atom vapor chamber, which can realize laser frequency stabilization by a simple and compact optical path system.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an all-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on a thermal atom vapor chamber, the device comprising: a first frequency locking assembly of a fiber laser light source and a second frequency locking assembly of a single frequency fiber laser light source, wherein:
in the first frequency locking assembly, light output by a fiber laser light source (1) is probe light, the probe light is input into a fiber optic electric light modulator (6) through a first output port of a fiber optic polarization beam splitter (4) for frequency modulation, the fiber optic electric light modulator (6) is driven by one path of signal output by a signal generator (36), strong pumping light with modulated signals is input into an alkali metal atom absorption tank (10) through a third port of the fiber optic polarization beam splitter (8), meanwhile, the polarization direction of the weak probe light output by a second output port of the fiber optic polarization beam splitter (4) is modulated into horizontal polarization by a fiber optic polarization controller (13), the polarization direction of the weak probe light output by the second output port of the fiber optic polarization beam splitter (4) is vertical polarization, and the weak probe light and Jiang Bengpu light are overlapped in the alkali metal atom absorption tank (10) to generate a saturated absorption spectrum, then reflected by a polarization beam splitter prism (11), reflected light is collected by a single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (38) and transmitted to a photoelectric detector (18), the photoelectric detector (18) converts a received optical signal into an electric signal, the electric signal is transmitted to a frequency mixer (16) and a signal generator (36) for modulation and demodulation, a high-frequency signal is filtered by a low-pass filter (15) to obtain an error signal, the error signal is transmitted to a proportional-integral-derivative circuit (14) to obtain a feedback signal, and the feedback signal is fed back to a piezoelectric ceramic upper control cavity length of an optical fiber laser light source (1) to realize the stability of frequency;
in the second frequency locking assembly, light output by a single-frequency fiber laser light source (22) is coupled light, the coupled light passes through a fifth output port of an optical fiber polarization beam splitter (25) and enters an alkali metal atomic absorption tank (28) through a dichroic mirror (27), detection light with a modulation signal output by a fourth output port of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (8) is connected with an adjustable optical fiber attenuator (20) and then connected to one end of the alkali metal atomic absorption tank (28), the coupled light and the detection light are overlapped in the alkali metal atomic absorption tank (28) and generate electromagnetic induction transparent effect, the detection light passes through the alkali metal atomic absorption tank (28) and then is reflected by the dichroic mirror (27), the reflected light is collected by a single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (40) and is transmitted to a photoelectric detector (33), the photoelectric detector (33) converts the received light signal into an electric signal, the electric signal is modulated and demodulated by a low-pass filter (31), the high-frequency signal is filtered to obtain an error signal, the error signal is transmitted to a proportional-integral differential circuit (30), and the error signal is fed back to a single-mode polarization optical fiber laser (42) to realize stable frequency feedback of the laser light source.
In one embodiment, in the first frequency locking component, the optical fiber laser controller (2) provides adjustable driving current and temperature control for the optical fiber laser light source (1), one end of the polarization maintaining optical fiber matching sleeve (3) is connected in the light emitting direction of the optical fiber laser light source (1), the other end of the polarization maintaining optical fiber matching sleeve (3) is connected with the input end of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (4), the first output port of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (4) is sequentially connected with the input ports of the polarization maintaining optical fiber matching sleeve (5), the optical fiber electro-optical modulator (6), the polarization maintaining optical fiber matching sleeve (7) and the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (8), the second output port of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (4) is sequentially connected with the sleeve (9), the alkali metal absorption pool (10), the polarization splitting prism (11) and the sleeve (12), the optical fiber pigtail core of the third output end of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (8) is clamped with the optical fiber polarization controller (13), the optical fiber pigtail core of the third output end of the optical fiber polarization splitter (8) is connected with the sleeve (12), the first output end of the optical fiber core of the optical fiber polarization splitter (4) is aligned in the direction of the single-mode fiber absorption pool (38), the tail fiber core of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (38) is connected with a small sleeve (37), the small sleeve (37) is connected with the polarization splitting prism (11), the other end of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (38) is connected with the photoelectric detector (18) and is sequentially connected with the mixer (16), the low-pass filter (15) and the proportional-integral-derivative circuit (14), a feedback signal output by the proportional-integral-derivative circuit (14) is connected to a driving voltage modulation port of the optical fiber laser light source (1), and signals output by the photoelectric detector (18) and the low-pass filter (15) are connected to the oscilloscope (17).
In one embodiment, in the second frequency locking assembly, a single-frequency fiber laser controller (23) provides adjustable driving current and temperature control for a single-frequency fiber laser light source (22), one end of a polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (24) is connected in the light emitting direction of the single-frequency fiber laser light source (22), the other end of the polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (24) is connected with the input end of an optical fiber polarization beam splitter (25), a fifth output port of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (25) is sequentially connected with a sleeve (26), a dichroic mirror (27), an alkali metal atom absorption tank (28) and a sleeve (29), the fourth output port of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (8) is sequentially connected with a polarization maintaining optical fiber matching sleeve (19), an adjustable optical fiber attenuator (20) and a polarization maintaining optical fiber matching sleeve (21), two ends of a single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (41) are sequentially connected with the polarization maintaining optical fiber matching sleeve (21) and a sleeve (29), fast axis directions of fiber pigtail cores in the sleeve (26) and the sleeve (29) are aligned, pigtail cores are glued in the sleeve by optical adhesives, light of the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (41) is reflected by a dichroic mirror (27) after passing through an alkali metal atomic absorption tank (28), light of the reflecting end is received by a single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (40), one end of the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (40) is connected to a small sleeve (39), the other end of the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (40) is connected to a photoelectric detector (33), the small sleeve (39) is connected with the dichroic mirror (27), the photoelectric detector (33) is sequentially connected with the mixer (32), the low-pass filter (31) and the proportional-integral-derivative circuit (30), and a feedback signal output by the proportional-integral-derivative circuit (30) is connected to a driving voltage modulation port of the single-frequency fiber laser light source (22).
In one embodiment, the signals output by the photodetector (33) and the low-pass filter (31) are connected to an oscilloscope (34), and the signals generated by the signal generator (36) are output to a power beam splitter (35) and are respectively connected with the fiber optic modulator (6), the mixer (16) and the mixer (32).
In one embodiment, the two light beams in the alkali metal atom absorption cell (28) are polarized in the same direction so that the peak value of the transmission peak is highest.
In one embodiment, the dichroic mirror (27) is a short-wave-pass dichroic mirror, wherein a wavelength band smaller than the cut-off wavelength has a transmittance of a first specified value, and a wavelength band larger than the cut-off wavelength has a reflectance of a second specified value.
According to the invention, through a simple and compact optical path system, laser frequency locking can be realized in the first frequency locking assembly and the second frequency locking assembly at the same time, a portable miniaturized frequency stabilization system is realized, the construction of the portable miniaturized detection system is facilitated, and the method has important significance for practical application and industrial transformation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an all-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on a thermal atom vapor chamber in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, it can be seen that the invention is a small all-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on a hot atom vapor chamber. The device comprises a fiber laser light source 1, a fiber laser controller 2, a polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve 3, a fiber polarization beam splitter 4, a polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve 5, a fiber electro-optic modulator 6, a polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve 7, a fiber polarization beam splitter 8, a sleeve 9, an alkali metal atomic absorption cell 10, a polarization splitting prism 11, a sleeve 12, a fiber polarization controller 13, a proportional integral derivative circuit (PID) 14, a low-pass filter 15, a mixer 16, an oscilloscope 17, a photodetector 18, a polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve 19, an adjustable fiber attenuator 20, a polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve 21, a single-frequency fiber laser light source 22, a single-frequency fiber laser controller 23, a polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve 24, a fiber polarization beam splitter 25, a sleeve 26, a dichroic mirror 27, an alkali metal atomic absorption cell 28, a sleeve 29, a proportional integral derivative circuit (PID) 30, a low-pass filter 31, a mixer 32, a photodetector 33, an oscilloscope 34, a power beam splitter 35, a signal generator 36, a small sleeve 37, a single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 38, a small sleeve 39, a single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 40, and a single-mode maintaining fiber 41.
The device can comprise a first frequency locking component and a second frequency locking component. Wherein the first frequency locking component is a frequency locking part of the fiber laser light source 1. The optical fiber laser controller 2 provides adjustable driving current and temperature control for the optical fiber laser light source 1, one end of the polarization maintaining optical fiber matching sleeve 3 is connected in the light emitting direction of the optical fiber laser light source 1, the other end of the polarization maintaining optical fiber matching sleeve is connected with the input end of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter 4, the output end (1) port (first output port) of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter 4 is sequentially connected with the input ports of the polarization maintaining optical fiber matching sleeve 5, the optical fiber electro-optical modulator 6, the polarization maintaining optical fiber matching sleeve 7 and the optical fiber polarization beam splitter 8, the output end (2) port (second output port) of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter 4 is sequentially connected with the sleeve 9, the alkali metal atomic absorption pool 10, the polarization splitting prism 11 and the sleeve 12, the output end (3) port (third output port) of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter 8 is connected with the optical fiber polarization controller 13, the optical fiber tail fiber cores of the optical fiber polarization splitting device are connected with the sleeve 12, and the optical fiber tail fiber cores in the sleeve 9 and the sleeve 12 are aligned in the fast axis direction. The light of the tail fiber of the output end (2) port (second output port) of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter 4 passes through the alkali metal atom absorption tank 10 and the polarization beam splitter prism 11, the light of the reflecting end of the polarization beam splitter prism 11 is collected by one end of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 38, the tail fiber core of the tail fiber is connected with a small sleeve 37, the small sleeve 37 is connected with the polarization beam splitter prism 11, the other end of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 38 is connected with the photoelectric detector 18 and is sequentially connected with the mixer 16, the low-pass filter 15 and the proportional integral derivative circuit (PID) 14, the feedback signal output by the proportional integral derivative circuit (PID) 14 is connected to the driving voltage modulation port of the optical fiber laser light source 1, and the signals output by the photoelectric detector 18 and the low-pass filter 15 are connected to the oscilloscope 17.
The second frequency locking assembly is a frequency locking portion of the single frequency fiber laser light source 22. The single-frequency fiber laser controller 23 provides adjustable driving current and temperature control for the single-frequency fiber laser light source 22, one end of the polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve 24 is connected in the light emitting direction of the single-frequency fiber laser light source 22, the other end of the single-frequency fiber laser light source is connected with the input end of the fiber polarization beam splitter 25, the output end (5) port (fifth output port) of the fiber polarization beam splitter 25 is sequentially connected with the sleeve 26, the dichroic mirror 27, the alkali metal atomic absorption tank 28 and the sleeve 29, the output end (4) port (fourth output port) of the fiber polarization beam splitter 8 is sequentially connected with the polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve 19, the adjustable optical fiber attenuator 20 and the polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve 21, the two ends of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 41 are sequentially connected with the polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve 21 and the sleeve 29, the fast axis directions of fiber cores of the fiber cores in the sleeve 26 and the sleeve 29 are aligned, and the fiber cores of the fiber cores can be glued in the sleeve by optics. The light of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 41 is reflected by the dichroic mirror 27 after passing through the alkali metal atom absorption cell 28, the light of the reflection end is received by the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 40, one end is connected to the small sleeve 39, one end is connected to the photodetector 33, and the small sleeve 39 is connected to the dichroic mirror 27. The photodetector 33 is connected with the mixer 32, the low-pass filter 31 and the proportional-integral-derivative circuit (PID) 30 in sequence, the feedback signal output by the PID 30 is connected to the driving voltage modulation port of the single-frequency fiber laser light source 22, and the signals output by the photodetector 33 and the low-pass filter 31 are connected to the oscilloscope 34. The signal generated by the signal generator 36 is output to the power splitter 35 and is connected to the fiber optic modulator 6, the mixer 16 and the mixer 32, respectively.
The main principle of the frequency locking part of the fiber laser light source 1 is as follows: the optical fiber laser light source 1 belongs to detection light in an experimental system, and frequency locking is carried out by adopting a modulation transfer spectrum frequency stabilization method in the invention. The modulation transfer spectrum frequency stabilization mainly utilizes a high-frequency signal source to carry out frequency modulation on the electro-optic modulator, so that saturated absorption spectrum signals passing through an alkali metal atomic absorption tank carry frequency information of the high-frequency signal source, and as the photoelectric detector detects high-frequency alternating current components, a beam splitter is used for separating a part of a light path, and the light path enters an oscilloscope through a common photoelectric detector to observe the saturated absorption spectrum signals. Then the high-frequency signal source and the modulation signal carrying the saturated absorption spectrum enter a mixer together to be demodulated to obtain an error signal of similar dispersion, and the error signal is fed back to piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) of the laser to control the cavity length through a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) circuit, so that the frequency stabilization is finally realized.
The specific method of the frequency locking part of the fiber laser light source 1 is as follows: the light output by the fiber laser light source 1 is probe light, the light output by the fiber laser light source 1 is input to the fiber electro-optic modulator 6 through the output end (1) port (first output port) of the fiber polarization beam splitter 4 for frequency modulation, the fiber electro-optic modulator 6 is driven by one path of signal output by the signal generator 36, the strong pump light with the modulated signal is input to the alkali metal atom absorption tank 10 through the (3) port (third port) of the fiber polarization beam splitter 8, and meanwhile, the polarization direction of the light is modulated into horizontal polarization by the fiber polarization controller 13. The weak detection light outputted from the output end (2) of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter 4 (second output port) has a polarization direction of vertical polarization and coincides with Jiang Bengpu light in the alkali metal atom absorption cell 10 to generate a saturated absorption spectrum, and then the saturated absorption spectrum is reflected by the polarization splitting prism 11, and the reflected light is collected by the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 38 and transmitted to the photodetector 18. Because of the four-wave mixing effect, the modulation signal of the strong pump light is transferred to the weak detection light, so that the optical signal received by the photodetector 18 is provided with the modulation signal, the photodetector 18 converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal, the electrical signal is sent to the mixer 16 and the signal generator 36 for signal modulation and demodulation, the high-frequency signal is filtered by the low-pass filter 15 to obtain an error signal, the error signal is transmitted to the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) circuit 14 to obtain a feedback signal, and the feedback signal is fed back to the piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) of the fiber laser light source 1 to control the cavity length so as to realize the stability of the frequency. The laser frequency can be better locked on the absorption peak of atomic absorption spectrum in experiments by adjusting parameters in the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) circuit 14. The saturated absorption spectrum of atoms can be observed by connecting the photodetector 18 to the oscilloscope 17, and the error signal can be observed by connecting the signal filtered by the low-pass filter 15 to the oscilloscope 17.
The frequency locking portion of the single frequency Fiber laser source 22 frequency locks the laser excited to the reed-burg state transition frequency mainly by using the reed-burg electromagnetic induction transparency effect, and in experiments, a Fiber electro-optic modulator (Fiber EOM) is used to generate a sideband signal for detection light modulation. And then mixing the sideband signal with the modulation signal to generate a frequency-discrimination-like signal to lock the laser.
The specific method of the frequency locking portion of the single frequency fiber laser light source 22 is as follows: the light output from the single frequency fiber laser light source 22 is coupled light, passes through the output end (5) port (fifth output port) of the fiber polarization beam splitter 25 and enters the alkali metal atom absorption cell 28 through the dichroic mirror 27. The detection light with modulated signal output from the output end (4) of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter 8 is connected to an adjustable optical fiber attenuator 20 and then connected to one end of an alkali metal atomic absorption cell 28, the coupled light and the detection light are overlapped in the alkali metal atomic cell, and an electromagnetic induction transparent effect is generated, that is, the detection light is not absorbed any more, and a transmission peak is generated. The detected light is reflected by the dichroic mirror 27 into the photoelectric detector 33 after passing through the alkali metal atomic absorption tank 28, the photoelectric detector 33 converts the received optical signal into an electric signal, the electric signal is transmitted to the mixer 32 to be modulated and demodulated with the signal generator 36, the high-frequency signal is filtered to obtain an error signal through the low-pass filter 31, the error signal is transmitted to the proportional integral differential circuit (PID) 30 to obtain a feedback signal, the feedback signal is fed back to the piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) of the single-frequency fiber laser light source 22 to control the cavity length so as to realize the stability of the frequency, and the laser frequency can be better locked on the transmission peak generated by the electromagnetic induction transparency by adjusting the parameters in the proportional integral differential circuit (PID) 30 in experiments. The electromagnetic induction transparent transmission peak can be observed by connecting the photodetector 33 with the oscilloscope 34, and the error signal can be observed by connecting the signal filtered by the low-pass filter 31 with the oscilloscope 34.
In the above procedure, the optical fiber polarization beam splitter 4, the optical fiber polarization beam splitter 8 and the optical fiber polarization beam splitter 25 can be customized in proportion to the light intensity required in the experiment.
The fiber polarizing beamsplitter 8 and the fiber polarizing beamsplitter 25 are not designated as use ports for specific experimental uses.
The polarization directions of the two light beams in the alkali metal atomic absorption cell 28 need to be the same, and the peak value of the transmission peak can be the highest.
The dichroic mirror 27 is here a short-wave-pass dichroic mirror, and a wavelength band smaller than the cut-off wavelength has a high transmittance and a wavelength band larger than the cut-off wavelength has a high reflectance. Wherein the transmittance may be represented by a first specified value and the reflectance may be represented by a second specified value. The first specified value and the second specified value may be determined according to an instrument index in an actual application scenario.
In the structure, the connection of the sleeve and the fiber tail fiber core, the connection of the sleeve and the atomic absorption tank, the connection of the sleeve and the polarization beam splitter prism, the connection of the sleeve and the dichroic mirror, the connection of the atomic absorption tank and the polarization beam splitter prism and the connection of the atomic absorption tank and the dichroic mirror can be fixed by optical cement.
The modulation transfer saturated absorption spectrum-based frequency stabilization method is applicable to not only cesium atoms and rubidium atoms, but also metastable krypton atoms, metastable fluorine atoms, iodine molecules, methane molecules, and the like.
According to the invention, through a simple and compact optical path system, laser frequency locking can be realized in the first frequency locking assembly and the second frequency locking assembly at the same time, a portable miniaturized frequency stabilization system is realized, the construction of the portable miniaturized detection system is facilitated, and the method has important significance for practical application and industrial transformation.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An all-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on a hot atom vapor chamber, which is characterized by comprising: a first frequency locking assembly of a fiber laser light source and a second frequency locking assembly of a single frequency fiber laser light source, wherein:
in the first frequency locking assembly, light output by a fiber laser light source (1) is probe light, the probe light is input into a fiber optic electric light modulator (6) through a first output port of a fiber optic polarization beam splitter (4) for frequency modulation, the fiber optic electric light modulator (6) is driven by one path of signal output by a signal generator (36), strong pumping light with modulated signals is input into an alkali metal atom absorption tank (10) through a third port of the fiber optic polarization beam splitter (8), meanwhile, the polarization direction of the weak probe light output by a second output port of the fiber optic polarization beam splitter (4) is modulated into horizontal polarization by a fiber optic polarization controller (13), the polarization direction of the weak probe light output by the second output port of the fiber optic polarization beam splitter (4) is vertical polarization, and the weak probe light and Jiang Bengpu light are overlapped in the alkali metal atom absorption tank (10) to generate a saturated absorption spectrum, then reflected by a polarization beam splitter prism (11), reflected light is collected by a single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (38) and transmitted to a photoelectric detector (18), the photoelectric detector (18) converts a received optical signal into an electric signal, the electric signal is transmitted to a frequency mixer (16) and a signal generator (36) for modulation and demodulation, a high-frequency signal is filtered by a low-pass filter (15) to obtain an error signal, the error signal is transmitted to a proportional-integral-derivative circuit (14) to obtain a feedback signal, and the feedback signal is fed back to a piezoelectric ceramic upper control cavity length of an optical fiber laser light source (1) to realize the stability of frequency;
in the second frequency locking assembly, light output by a single-frequency fiber laser light source (22) is coupled light, the coupled light passes through a fifth output port of an optical fiber polarization beam splitter (25) and enters an alkali metal atomic absorption cell (28) through a dichroic mirror (27), detection light with a modulation signal output by a fourth output port of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (8) is connected with an adjustable optical fiber attenuator and then connected to one end of the alkali metal atomic absorption cell (28), the coupled light and the detection light are overlapped in the alkali metal atomic absorption cell (28) and generate electromagnetic induction transparent effect, the detection light passes through the alkali metal atomic absorption cell (28) and then is reflected by the dichroic mirror (27), reflected light is collected by a single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (40) and transmitted to a photoelectric detector (33), the photoelectric detector (33) converts the received light signal into an electric signal, the electric signal is transmitted to a signal in a mixer (32) and then carries out modulation demodulation on the signal with a signal generator (36), the high-frequency signal is filtered through a low-pass filter (31) to obtain an error signal, the error signal is transmitted to a proportional-integral differential circuit (30) to obtain a feedback signal, and the feedback signal is fed back to the single-frequency ceramic light source (22) to realize stable frequency control of the laser.
2. The all-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on a thermal atom vapor chamber according to claim 1, wherein in the first frequency locking component, an optical fiber laser controller (2) provides adjustable driving current and temperature control for an optical fiber laser light source (1), one end of a polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (3) is connected to the light outgoing direction of the optical fiber laser light source (1), the other end of the polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (3) is connected to the input end of an optical fiber polarization beam splitter (4), a first output port of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (4) is sequentially connected to an input port of the polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (5), an optical fiber electro-optical modulator (6), the polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (7) and the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (8), a second output port of the optical fiber polarization beam splitter (4) is sequentially connected to a sleeve (9), an alkali metal atom absorption cell (10), a polarization splitting prism (11) and a sleeve (12), a third output port of the optical fiber polarization maintaining fiber polarization controller (13) is connected to an optical fiber pigtail core connecting sleeve (12), wherein the optical fiber pigtail core of the polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (9) and the optical fiber polarization splitter (8) are sequentially connected to the sleeve (12) in the light outgoing direction of the optical fiber laser light source (1), the light of the reflecting end of the polarization beam splitter prism (11) is collected by one end of a single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (38), a tail fiber core of the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (38) is connected with a small sleeve (37), the small sleeve (37) is connected with the polarization beam splitter prism (11), the other end of the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (38) is connected with a photoelectric detector (18) and is sequentially connected with a mixer (16), a low-pass filter (15) and a proportional-integral-derivative circuit (14), a feedback signal output by the proportional-integral-derivative circuit (14) is connected to a driving voltage modulation port of a fiber laser light source (1), and signals output by the photoelectric detector (18) and the low-pass filter (15) are connected to an oscilloscope (17).
3. The all-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on a thermal atom vapor chamber according to claim 1, wherein in the second frequency locking assembly, a single-frequency fiber laser controller (23) provides adjustable driving current and temperature control for a single-frequency fiber laser light source (22), one end of a polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (24) is connected in the light emitting direction of the single-frequency fiber laser light source (22), the other end of the polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (24) is connected with the input end of a fiber polarization beam splitter (25), a fifth output port of the fiber polarization beam splitter (25) is sequentially connected with a sleeve (26), a dichroic mirror (27), an alkali metal atom absorption tank (28) and a sleeve (29), a fourth output port of the fiber polarization beam splitter (8) is sequentially connected with a polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (19), an adjustable optical fiber attenuator (20) and a polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (21), two ends of a single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (41) are sequentially connected with the polarization maintaining fiber matching sleeve (21) and the sleeve (29), a fiber pigtail core in the fast axis direction of the fiber tail in the sleeve (26) and the sleeve (29) is aligned with the input end of the fiber tail core of the fiber polarization maintaining fiber polarization splitter (25), the fiber tail core is aligned in the fast axis direction, the fiber core is connected with the fiber tail core through the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (41) through the alkali metal atom absorption tank (40) and the single-atom absorption tank (40), the other end of the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber (40) is connected to a photoelectric detector (33), a small sleeve (39) is connected with a dichroic mirror (27), the photoelectric detector (33) is sequentially connected with a mixer (32), a low-pass filter (31) and a proportional-integral-derivative circuit (30), and a feedback signal output by the proportional-integral-derivative circuit (30) is connected to a piezoelectric ceramic port of the single-frequency optical fiber laser light source (22).
4. A full optical fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on a thermal atom vapor chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that the signals output by the photodetector (33) and the low-pass filter (31) are connected to an oscilloscope (34), and the signals generated by the signal generator (36) are output to a power beam splitter (35) and are respectively connected to the optical fiber electro-optic modulator (6), the mixer (16) and the mixer (32).
5. A all-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on a thermal atom vapor chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that the polarization directions of the two light beams in the alkali atom absorption cell (28) are the same so that the peak value of the transmission peak is the highest.
6. A device for stabilizing laser light based on a full-fiber laser light of a thermal vapor chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that said dichroic mirror (27) is a short-wave dichroic mirror, wherein the wavelength band smaller than the cut-off wavelength has a transmittance of a first specified value and the wavelength band larger than the cut-off wavelength has a reflectance of a second specified value.
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| CN202310176203.5A CN116937314A (en) | 2023-02-24 | 2023-02-24 | All-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on hot atom steam chamber |
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| CN202310176203.5A CN116937314A (en) | 2023-02-24 | 2023-02-24 | All-fiber laser frequency stabilization device based on hot atom steam chamber |
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